CA2040491A1 - Method and equipment for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials - Google Patents
Method and equipment for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materialsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2040491A1 CA2040491A1 CA002040491A CA2040491A CA2040491A1 CA 2040491 A1 CA2040491 A1 CA 2040491A1 CA 002040491 A CA002040491 A CA 002040491A CA 2040491 A CA2040491 A CA 2040491A CA 2040491 A1 CA2040491 A1 CA 2040491A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- piping system
- chamber
- loose material
- equipment according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/18—Plants for preparing mould materials
- B22C5/185—Plants for preparing mould materials comprising a wet reclamation step
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method and equipment for reprocessing loose materials, in particular for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials, is proposed, the loose materials arising as fractions or free-flowing sand being reprocessed by the method and the equipment to give a re-utilisable quality approximately as new.
The plant (50) designed for wet treatment com-prises essentially a washing vessel (10) which is inter-actively connected via at least two sonic transducers (16, 17) to a correspondingly associated ultrasonic device (15). For the thermal treatment, a drum-type furnace (20) with a heatable combustion chamber (21') is also provided in which a piping system (40) mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis (X) in the direction of the arrow (Z) is provided, from which the indirectly heated loose material is fed to a first chamber (26) for separating off residual gases and fines. The first chamber (26) is connected via a screen (23) to a second chamber (24), which is subjected to a gaseous medium from a fan (25), the gases and fines being thereby separated from the sand. The gases and fines can be fed via a filter device (22) and return line (27) to the combustion chamber (21').
A method and equipment for reprocessing loose materials, in particular for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials, is proposed, the loose materials arising as fractions or free-flowing sand being reprocessed by the method and the equipment to give a re-utilisable quality approximately as new.
The plant (50) designed for wet treatment com-prises essentially a washing vessel (10) which is inter-actively connected via at least two sonic transducers (16, 17) to a correspondingly associated ultrasonic device (15). For the thermal treatment, a drum-type furnace (20) with a heatable combustion chamber (21') is also provided in which a piping system (40) mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis (X) in the direction of the arrow (Z) is provided, from which the indirectly heated loose material is fed to a first chamber (26) for separating off residual gases and fines. The first chamber (26) is connected via a screen (23) to a second chamber (24), which is subjected to a gaseous medium from a fan (25), the gases and fines being thereby separated from the sand. The gases and fines can be fed via a filter device (22) and return line (27) to the combustion chamber (21').
Description
9 ~
Method and equipment for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials .
The invention relates to a method for reprocess-ing loose materials, in particular fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials, and to equipment for carrying out the method, in which the fragment-type fractions or free-flowing materials are reprocessed by an appropriate comminuting and/or wet treatment and by a subsequent thermal treatment.
A special field of application of such a method is the reprocessing (recycling) of loose materials. These loose materials can, for example, arise in the form of metal-containing fragment-type fractions due to organic or chemical binders or also in the form of a free-flowing, used foundry sand. The foundry sand can here arise in the form of a cold-resin monosystem or in the form of mixed sand consisting of green sand and core sand residues or else in the form of core fragments or the like.
The disposal of the abovementioned loose mate-rials arising in relati~ely large quantities by landfill has recently led to increasing difficulties, and espe-cially in foundry technology, for reasons of protection of the environment and for reasons of the landfill volume still available and also for reasons of economics (for e~ample because of the costs of new sand).
For reprocessing of loose materials, in parti-cular foundry sands, a method is generally known, in which the so-called binders are removed essent.ially by an appropriate wet treatment and the binders are then neutralised by centrifuging, so that the sand and the so-called fine sludge essentially consisting of binder residues and quartz dust are separated. The residue binder contents are burned by an additional thermal treatment in a continuous shaft furnace.
The present invention deals with the problem of an economical re-utilisation of loose materials, such as they arise, for example, in the form of metal-containing fragment-type fractions due to organic or chemical binders or in the form of free-flowing, used foundry sands formed as various types of sand, the invention being based on the object of indicating a method and equipment ~or car~ying out the method, by means of which the loose materials arising as Iractions or sand are reprocessed to give a re-utilisable quality approximately as new.
This object is achieved by the method according to the invention when, for the thermal treatment, the loose material is passed throu~h an externally heated piping system and then subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off the residual gases and fines.
A preferred method is characterised by the combination of the following features, a) the loose material is cleaned by removing the adhering dirt particles, in the washing vessel filled with an appropriate cleaning liquid, by ultrasonically generated vibrations, whereby the cleaning liquid is continuously moved, and is then dried, b) the loose material cleaned and dried in this way then being passed for the thermal treatment through an externally heated piping system rotatable about its longitudinal axis and subsèquently being subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off residual gases and fines.
The equipment according to the invention for carrying out the method consists of a drum-type furnace with a heatable combustion chamber for the thermal treatment of loose materials, in particular fragment-type fractions or free-flowing materials, and is characterised in that a piping system mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis and interactively connected to a drive and having at least one spirally formed pipe is provided, which is designed for receiving the loose material at one end and discharging it into an associated chamber at the - 3 - 2~4~
other end.
Further features of the invention can be seen from the following description in conjunction with the drawing and the patent claims.
The invention is described below in more detail by reference to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 shows a first illustrative embodiment, repre-sented as a flow diagram, of a reprocessing plant essentially comprising a washing vessel and a drum-type furnace, Figure 2 shows a second illustrative embodiment, repre-sented as a flow diagram, of a reprocessing plant essentially comprising a rasping pot and a drum-type furnace, Figure 3 shows a piece of pipe represented in a profile cross-section for a piping system arranged in the drum-type furnace, and Figure 4 shows a second washing device, represented in sectional view and diagrammatically, for the reprocessing plant according to Figure 1.
Figure 1 shows, as a first illustrative embodi-ment, a reprocessing plant, represented essentially as a flow diagram, for loose materials which are fed, for example, in the form of fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials to the plant. The free-flowing materials are, for example, various types of sand, such as they arise in the form of a cold-resin monosystem or in the form of mixed sand consisting of green sand and core sand residues, or else in the form of core fragments or the like, as so-called foundry by-products.
The plant designated as a whole by 50 essentially comprises a so-called washing vessel 10, a first and second tra~sport and conveyor belt 5, 6, 7 and 11, an ultrasonic device 15 and a drum-type furnace 20. The washing vessel 10 contains a certain liquid which is hèld in continuous motion by the ultrasonic device 15 inter-actively connected to the washing vessel 10.
In a further variant of the plant 50, it is also possible for the washing vessel lO to be associated with ~ 4 ~ 2~40~
a rasping vessel which is not shown in Figure l and which is provided with appropriate comminuting elements, and by means of which the products delivered in the form of core fragments are comminuted and then fed as sand to the washing vessel lO.
The ultrasonic device lS comprises, in ~he illustrative embodiment shown, two sonic transducers 16 and 17 which are arranged on the washing vessel 10 at a mutual distance and which are connected via lines 16' and 17' to a generator 18. The generator 18 is connected via a lead l9 to the mains supply.
It should here be pointed out that, to achieve optimum efficiency in an illustrative embodiment not shown, a plurality of sonic transducers 16, 17 arranged at a mutual offset are provided on the washing vessel 10 at the bottom, not designated in detail, or on the side walls of the washing vessel lO, depending on the size and the throughput.
In the generator 18, the mains frequency fed via the lead 19 is converted into a corresponding high frequency which is fed via the lines 16', 17' to the respective sonic transducer 16, 17. Before the sonic transducers 16, 17, the electrical vibrations are conver-ted into mechanic vibrations of approximately the same frequency.
The mechanical vibrations thus generated are transmitted by means of the sonic transducers l~, 17 to the washing vessel lO formed as a sonic body and from the latter in the form of a so~called longitudinal wave 16"
and 17" to the liquid present therein and designated 10'.
At sufficient intensity, so~called cavitation bubbles are formed by the vibrations diagrammatically shown by the arrows 16", 17".
The build~up and the subsequent bursting of these cavitation bubbles effects essentially a brush~like treatment and the chemical composition of the liquid lO' effects a corresponding detachment of the binders and further dirt particles from the sand fed to the washing vessel lO. The dirt particles settle at the bottom as - 5 - 2~4~
so-called sllldge materials designated 10".
The sludge materials lO" are fed via a return line 33 appropriately co~nected to the vessel 10 to a so-called filter press 32. The solids thus formed are ~ed for further utilisation in the direction of the arrow 34 to an appropriate unit tnot shown), while the li~uid is fed via a line 34 in the direction of the arrow 34' to the vessel 10.
As the so-called cleaning liquid lO' an aqueous solvent liquid is preferably used, for example. The aqueous bath, for example a bath having an alkaline pH
value of 7-14, has an cptimum cleaning effect and, moreover, does not pollute the environment and is largely degradable.
By means of the transport and conveyor belt 5, 6, 7 partially arranged in the washing vessel 10, the cleaned sand is fed to a vessel 4 shaped in the form of a hopper and then via a feed line l to a piping system 40, which is appropriately arranged in a vessel 21 of the drum-type furnace 20. The vessel 4 is connected via a line 4' to the interior 21', designed as a combustion chamber, of the vessel 21, so that the sand cleaned in the washing vessel 10 and still moist in this phase is largely dried.
In a further illustrative embodiment, represented hy the broken lines, however, it is also possible for an appropriate hot-air blower 46, which is connected to the vessel 4 via a line 47, to be associated with the vessel 4 for drying the sand. Between the hopper-shaped vessel 4 and the vessel 21, a gate valve 2 can be arranged which can be actuated by a pistontcylinder unit 3 appropriately controllable for openiny and closing the gate valve 2.
At the front part A, designed as an inlet, of the vessel 21, a burner 31 is arranged, by means of which the 3S interior 21', designed as a combustion chamber, of the vessel 21 is heated. In an illustrative embodiment not shown in more detail, a plurality of heating elements, distributed in the circumferential direction of the vessel and arranged at a mutual distance are provided in - 6 - 2~4~4~
the longitudinal direction along the vessel 21. The oriented arrangement of the heating elements in the longitudinal direction is preferably subdivided into two or more zones, whereby an optimised controllable regula-tion of the heating of the interior 21' can be achieved.
At the rear part B, designed as an outlet, of the vessel 21, a first chamber 26, a filter device ~2, a fan 25, a second chamber 24 and a grate 23 arranged between the first chamber 26 and the second chamber 24 are provided. The filter de~ice 22 is connected via a line 27 to the inle~ A of the vessel 21, with interposition of a fan 28. In the illustrative embodiment shown, the second chamber 24 is connected via a line 29 to a receiver 30.
The feed line l can be connected to the piping system 40 via a distributor element 35 which is shown diagrammatically, arranged in the combustion chamber 21' of the vessel 21 and, for example, designed in the manner of a container. The piping system 40 comprises at least one, but preferably a number of spirally wound pipes 41, which are each connected at one end to the feed line 1 or to the distributor element 35 and at the other end to the second chamber 26. The individual, spiral-type pipe 41 or else ~he complete piping system 40 is interactively connected to an appropriately associated, diagrammatic-ally represented drive 42 and is mounted in the combus-tion chamber 21' to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow Z about an approximately horizontal longitudinal axis X.
In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the piping system 40 is arranged in the combustion chamber 21' of the vessel 21 around a longitudinal axis X' which is ascending relative to the longitudinal axis X, or around a longitudinal axis X' which is descending rela-tive to the longitudinal axis X. The angle ~ or ~', formed between the horizontal axis X and between the ascending or descending longitudinal axis X' or X", is in each case of the order of magnitude of about 10 to 30.
The vessel 21 is mounted, for example, on two foundations 45, 45' located at a mutual distance in the 2 ~
axial direction of the vessel.
The vessel 21 can be mounted on the two founda-tions 45, 45' in a hori~onta:L plane. In the case of horizontal mounting, the piping system 40 is arranged in the combustion chamber 21' at the ascending angle described above and designated ~, or else at the descending angle designated ~.
In the case of a coaxial arrangement of the piping system 40 in the combustion chamber 21', the vessel 21 is arranged and mounted on the two foundations 45, 45' with its longitudinal axis 1 at an analogous descending or ascending angle.
In ~igure 2, a second illustrative embodiment of a plant is shown which is essentially represented as a flow diagram and designated 150 as a whole and which serves, for instance, for the reprocessing of sand core fragments or the like. The plant 150 comprises essen-tially a so-called rasping pot 110, a correspondingly associated transport and conveyor belt 111 and a drum-type furnace 120.
The rasping pot 110, which is shown diagrammatic~ally and is driven in rotation about an essentially vertical axis Y in the direction of the arrow Y' by means not shown in more detail, has a receiving vessel 110' which is provided on the inner periphery and at the bottom with appropriately arranged comminuting elements 113 designed approximately in a blade-type manner. By means of the comminuting elements 113, the sand core fragments sent via the transport and conveyor belt lll are comminuted appropriately. The sand thus formed and still containing all the binders or the like drops from the screen-type bottom 114 of the rasping pot llO into a hopper-type vessel 104 and is then fed via a feed line lO1 to a vessel 121 of the drum-type furnace 120. A gate valve 102, which can be actua~ed by a piston/cylinder unit 103 appropriately controllable for opening and closing the gate valve 102, can be arranged between the hopper-type vessel 104 and the vessel 121.
The drum-type furnace 120 is designed analogously - 8 ~
to the drum-type furnace 20 described above in conjunc-tion with Figure l.
At the front part A', designed as an inlet, of the vessel 121, a burner 131 is arranged, by ~eans of which the interior 121', designed as a combustion chamber, of the vessel 121 is heated.
At the rear part s~, designed as an outlet, of the vessel 121, a first chamber 126, a filter device 122, a fan 125, a second chamber 124 and a grate 123 arranqed between the first chamber 126 and the second chamber 124 are provided. The filter device 122 is connected via a line 127 to the inlet A' of the vessel 121, with inter-position of a fan 128. In the illustrative embodiment shown, the second chamber 124 is connected via a line 129 to a receiver 130.
The feed line 101 can be connected to the piping system 140 via a distributor element 135 which is shown diagrammatically, arranged in the combustion chamber 121' of the vessel 121 and, for example, designed in the manner of a container. The piping system 140 comprises at least one, but preferably a number of spirally wound pipes 141, which are each connected at one end to the feed line 101 or to the distributor element 135 and at the other end to the second chamber 126. The individual, spiral-type pipe 141 or else the complete piping system 140 is interactively connected to an appropriately associated, diagrammatically represented drive 142 and is mounted in the combustion chamber 121' to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow Z about an approximately hori-zontal longitudinal axis X.
In a preferred illustrative embodiment, thepiping system 140 is arranged in the combusion chamber 121' of the vessel 121 around a longitudinal axis X' which is ascending relative to the longitudinal axis X, or around a longitudinal axis X" which is descending relative to the longitudinal axis X. The angle or ', formed between the horizontal axis X and between the ascending or descending longitudinal axis X' or X-' is in each case of the order of magnitude of about 10 to 30.
The vessel 121 is mounted, for example, on two foundations 1~5, 145' located at a mutual distance in the axial direction of the vessel.
The vessel 121 can be mounted on the two founda-S tions 145, 145~ in a horizontal plane. In the case of horizontal mounting, the piping system 140 is arranged in the combustion chamber 121' at the ascending angle described above and ~esignated ~, or at the descending angle designated ~.
In the case of a coaxial arrangment of the piping system 140 in the combustion chamber 121', the vessel 121 is arranged and mounted on the two foundations 145, 145' with its longitudinal axis X at an analogous descending or ascending angle.
The pipe cross-section of the individual pipe 41 of the pipe system 40 installed in the drum-type furnace 20 according to Figure 1, or of the individual pipe 141 of the pipe system 140 installed in the drum-type furnace 120 according to Figure 2, can be of different shapes.
The pipe cross-section of the pipe, which can be formed into a spiral, is, for example, annular, square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal, square with a parallel-offset or t~e like. The essential point for the cross~sectional shape is, however, that the individual 2~ spiral has the greatest possible heat transfer area.
Figure 3 shows, as an illustrative example, a pipe 41, 141 with a square cross-section, offset in parallel, for the pipe system 40 or 140, and the parallel, mutually opposite surfaces 38, 38' and 39, 39', which enclose the interior designated 37, can be seen.
In Figure 4, a washing device designated 210 as a whole is shown in a diagrammatic sectional view and as a second illustrative embodiment, and an appropriately associated transport and conveyor belt 211, a first vessel 90, a first screen 91 which can be moved to and fro in the direction of the arrow 91' by means not shown, an appropriately associated second vessel 92 preferably of hopper-type shape and a second screen 93 which can be moved to and fro in the direction of the arrow 93' can be lO- 20~
seen.
The parts 90, 91, 92 and 93 are associated with a washing vessel 75 which essentially comprises a cylind-rical body 75' arranged upright between two mutually spaced flanges 76, 76'. A filter element 77 is arranged in the interior 78 of the steel shell or of the cylind-rical body 75' designed as a transparent body for visual-ising the function. The interior of the cylindrical body 75' is subdivided by the filter element 77 into a first chamber 79 for the actual loose material (not shown) and into a second chamber 78 for detached sludge materials 210".
At least one sonic transducer 80 interactively connected to an appropriately associated ultrasonic device 85 is arranged in the chamber 79 of the cylind-rical body 75'. In an embodiment variant not shown, a plurality of sonic transducers 80 in a mutually offset arrangement and interactively connected to the ultrasonic device 85 can also be provided.
In a manner not shown in more detail, the cylind-rical body 75' is joined with seals to the two flanges 76, 76', an opening 74 for charging the loose material being provided in the upper flange 76 and a conically shaped opening 74' for emptying being provided in the lower flange 76'.
A line 97 arranged with a seal on the lower flange 76' and having a shut-off valve 96 is also connec-ted to the washing vessel 75. The line 97 leads to an appropriately associated vessel 95 preferably provided with a screen 94.
A line 99 and, with insertion of a valve 96', a return line 233 communicating with the line 99 are connected to the vessel 9S. For the thermal treatment, the cleaned sand is fed via the line 99 in the direction of the arrow 99' to the piping system 40 (not shown in Figure 4), while the liquid is fed to an associated filter press 232 and from the filter prPss 232 via a line 234 in the direction of the arrow 234' back into the washing vessel 75.
11- 2~0~
A line 98, through which the sludge materials 210 are fed to the filter press 232, is also connected to the lower flange 76' of the washing vessel 7S, with insertion of a valve 98'. The solids thus produced are S fed for further use in the direction of the arrow 98' to an appropriate installation (not shown), while the liquid is fed via the line 234 in the direction of the arrow 234~ to the washing vessel 75.
The essential working steps are described below by way of example by reference to the plant 50:
The so called loose material is fed from the transport and conveyor belt 11 in the direction of the arrows 11' and 12 to the washing vessel 10 and kept therein in continuous motion by the associated ultrasonic device 15. As a result of ~he cavitation effect achiev-able by means of continuous motion of the loose material and as a result of the chemical composition of the liquid 10', the dirt particles are detached from the loose material and settle as sludge materials 10" at the bottom of the vessel 10. ~he loose material cleaned in this way is fed by the transport and conveyor belts 7, 6, 5 to the vessel 4 and appropriately dried therein. The drying in the vessel 4 is preferably effected by means of corres-pondingly fed hot air. With the gate valve 2 open, the dry and fairly free-flowing material passes for the thermal regeneration into the piping system 40 inter-actively connected to the distributor element 35.
~ s a result of the rotary motion, oriented about the longitudinal axis X or X' or X' in the direction of the arrow æ, of the piping system 4G arranged in the combustion chamber 21' of the drum-type furnace 20, the free-flowing material is transported by means of the spiral-type pipes 41 in ~he direction of the arrow 20~.
As a result of using a pipe 41, which is wound in itself in the longitudinal direction and, in profile cross-section, is square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal or else square with a parallel offset, the sand column in the pipe is kept low, so that optimum heating of the material is ensured.
- 12 - 2040~9~
The material taken through the piping system 40 in free flow by the rotary motion of the piping system 40 is passed into the chamber 26 and subjected therein above the grate 23 ~o the air stream of the fan 25, whereby the residual gases and ~ines are ~iltered out of the sand.
The residual gases and fines are fed by the fan 25 via the filter device 22 and via the return line 27 in the direction of the arrow 27' to the combustion chamber 21' for complete combustion as an additional energy carrier.
The cleaned material can be fed from the chamber 24 via a line 29 in the direction of the arrow 29' to the vessel 30 as re-usable material, largely as new.
As distinct from the working steps described above by reference to the plant 50 according to Figure 1, corresponding fragment-type fractions are fed in the plant 150 according to Figure 2 by the transport and conveyor belt 111 in the direction of the arrows 111' and 112 to the rasping pot 110 mounted to be rotatable about its vertical a~is Y in the direction of the arrow Y' and are comminuted therein. The material collected in the vessel 104 is then fed to the piping system 140 arranged in the vessel 120.
The further working and process steps of the plant lS0 are essentially identical to the working and process steps described above in conjunction with the plant 50 according to Figure 1.
Method and equipment for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials .
The invention relates to a method for reprocess-ing loose materials, in particular fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials, and to equipment for carrying out the method, in which the fragment-type fractions or free-flowing materials are reprocessed by an appropriate comminuting and/or wet treatment and by a subsequent thermal treatment.
A special field of application of such a method is the reprocessing (recycling) of loose materials. These loose materials can, for example, arise in the form of metal-containing fragment-type fractions due to organic or chemical binders or also in the form of a free-flowing, used foundry sand. The foundry sand can here arise in the form of a cold-resin monosystem or in the form of mixed sand consisting of green sand and core sand residues or else in the form of core fragments or the like.
The disposal of the abovementioned loose mate-rials arising in relati~ely large quantities by landfill has recently led to increasing difficulties, and espe-cially in foundry technology, for reasons of protection of the environment and for reasons of the landfill volume still available and also for reasons of economics (for e~ample because of the costs of new sand).
For reprocessing of loose materials, in parti-cular foundry sands, a method is generally known, in which the so-called binders are removed essent.ially by an appropriate wet treatment and the binders are then neutralised by centrifuging, so that the sand and the so-called fine sludge essentially consisting of binder residues and quartz dust are separated. The residue binder contents are burned by an additional thermal treatment in a continuous shaft furnace.
The present invention deals with the problem of an economical re-utilisation of loose materials, such as they arise, for example, in the form of metal-containing fragment-type fractions due to organic or chemical binders or in the form of free-flowing, used foundry sands formed as various types of sand, the invention being based on the object of indicating a method and equipment ~or car~ying out the method, by means of which the loose materials arising as Iractions or sand are reprocessed to give a re-utilisable quality approximately as new.
This object is achieved by the method according to the invention when, for the thermal treatment, the loose material is passed throu~h an externally heated piping system and then subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off the residual gases and fines.
A preferred method is characterised by the combination of the following features, a) the loose material is cleaned by removing the adhering dirt particles, in the washing vessel filled with an appropriate cleaning liquid, by ultrasonically generated vibrations, whereby the cleaning liquid is continuously moved, and is then dried, b) the loose material cleaned and dried in this way then being passed for the thermal treatment through an externally heated piping system rotatable about its longitudinal axis and subsèquently being subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off residual gases and fines.
The equipment according to the invention for carrying out the method consists of a drum-type furnace with a heatable combustion chamber for the thermal treatment of loose materials, in particular fragment-type fractions or free-flowing materials, and is characterised in that a piping system mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis and interactively connected to a drive and having at least one spirally formed pipe is provided, which is designed for receiving the loose material at one end and discharging it into an associated chamber at the - 3 - 2~4~
other end.
Further features of the invention can be seen from the following description in conjunction with the drawing and the patent claims.
The invention is described below in more detail by reference to the drawing, in which:
Figure 1 shows a first illustrative embodiment, repre-sented as a flow diagram, of a reprocessing plant essentially comprising a washing vessel and a drum-type furnace, Figure 2 shows a second illustrative embodiment, repre-sented as a flow diagram, of a reprocessing plant essentially comprising a rasping pot and a drum-type furnace, Figure 3 shows a piece of pipe represented in a profile cross-section for a piping system arranged in the drum-type furnace, and Figure 4 shows a second washing device, represented in sectional view and diagrammatically, for the reprocessing plant according to Figure 1.
Figure 1 shows, as a first illustrative embodi-ment, a reprocessing plant, represented essentially as a flow diagram, for loose materials which are fed, for example, in the form of fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials to the plant. The free-flowing materials are, for example, various types of sand, such as they arise in the form of a cold-resin monosystem or in the form of mixed sand consisting of green sand and core sand residues, or else in the form of core fragments or the like, as so-called foundry by-products.
The plant designated as a whole by 50 essentially comprises a so-called washing vessel 10, a first and second tra~sport and conveyor belt 5, 6, 7 and 11, an ultrasonic device 15 and a drum-type furnace 20. The washing vessel 10 contains a certain liquid which is hèld in continuous motion by the ultrasonic device 15 inter-actively connected to the washing vessel 10.
In a further variant of the plant 50, it is also possible for the washing vessel lO to be associated with ~ 4 ~ 2~40~
a rasping vessel which is not shown in Figure l and which is provided with appropriate comminuting elements, and by means of which the products delivered in the form of core fragments are comminuted and then fed as sand to the washing vessel lO.
The ultrasonic device lS comprises, in ~he illustrative embodiment shown, two sonic transducers 16 and 17 which are arranged on the washing vessel 10 at a mutual distance and which are connected via lines 16' and 17' to a generator 18. The generator 18 is connected via a lead l9 to the mains supply.
It should here be pointed out that, to achieve optimum efficiency in an illustrative embodiment not shown, a plurality of sonic transducers 16, 17 arranged at a mutual offset are provided on the washing vessel 10 at the bottom, not designated in detail, or on the side walls of the washing vessel lO, depending on the size and the throughput.
In the generator 18, the mains frequency fed via the lead 19 is converted into a corresponding high frequency which is fed via the lines 16', 17' to the respective sonic transducer 16, 17. Before the sonic transducers 16, 17, the electrical vibrations are conver-ted into mechanic vibrations of approximately the same frequency.
The mechanical vibrations thus generated are transmitted by means of the sonic transducers l~, 17 to the washing vessel lO formed as a sonic body and from the latter in the form of a so~called longitudinal wave 16"
and 17" to the liquid present therein and designated 10'.
At sufficient intensity, so~called cavitation bubbles are formed by the vibrations diagrammatically shown by the arrows 16", 17".
The build~up and the subsequent bursting of these cavitation bubbles effects essentially a brush~like treatment and the chemical composition of the liquid lO' effects a corresponding detachment of the binders and further dirt particles from the sand fed to the washing vessel lO. The dirt particles settle at the bottom as - 5 - 2~4~
so-called sllldge materials designated 10".
The sludge materials lO" are fed via a return line 33 appropriately co~nected to the vessel 10 to a so-called filter press 32. The solids thus formed are ~ed for further utilisation in the direction of the arrow 34 to an appropriate unit tnot shown), while the li~uid is fed via a line 34 in the direction of the arrow 34' to the vessel 10.
As the so-called cleaning liquid lO' an aqueous solvent liquid is preferably used, for example. The aqueous bath, for example a bath having an alkaline pH
value of 7-14, has an cptimum cleaning effect and, moreover, does not pollute the environment and is largely degradable.
By means of the transport and conveyor belt 5, 6, 7 partially arranged in the washing vessel 10, the cleaned sand is fed to a vessel 4 shaped in the form of a hopper and then via a feed line l to a piping system 40, which is appropriately arranged in a vessel 21 of the drum-type furnace 20. The vessel 4 is connected via a line 4' to the interior 21', designed as a combustion chamber, of the vessel 21, so that the sand cleaned in the washing vessel 10 and still moist in this phase is largely dried.
In a further illustrative embodiment, represented hy the broken lines, however, it is also possible for an appropriate hot-air blower 46, which is connected to the vessel 4 via a line 47, to be associated with the vessel 4 for drying the sand. Between the hopper-shaped vessel 4 and the vessel 21, a gate valve 2 can be arranged which can be actuated by a pistontcylinder unit 3 appropriately controllable for openiny and closing the gate valve 2.
At the front part A, designed as an inlet, of the vessel 21, a burner 31 is arranged, by means of which the 3S interior 21', designed as a combustion chamber, of the vessel 21 is heated. In an illustrative embodiment not shown in more detail, a plurality of heating elements, distributed in the circumferential direction of the vessel and arranged at a mutual distance are provided in - 6 - 2~4~4~
the longitudinal direction along the vessel 21. The oriented arrangement of the heating elements in the longitudinal direction is preferably subdivided into two or more zones, whereby an optimised controllable regula-tion of the heating of the interior 21' can be achieved.
At the rear part B, designed as an outlet, of the vessel 21, a first chamber 26, a filter device ~2, a fan 25, a second chamber 24 and a grate 23 arranged between the first chamber 26 and the second chamber 24 are provided. The filter de~ice 22 is connected via a line 27 to the inle~ A of the vessel 21, with interposition of a fan 28. In the illustrative embodiment shown, the second chamber 24 is connected via a line 29 to a receiver 30.
The feed line l can be connected to the piping system 40 via a distributor element 35 which is shown diagrammatically, arranged in the combustion chamber 21' of the vessel 21 and, for example, designed in the manner of a container. The piping system 40 comprises at least one, but preferably a number of spirally wound pipes 41, which are each connected at one end to the feed line 1 or to the distributor element 35 and at the other end to the second chamber 26. The individual, spiral-type pipe 41 or else ~he complete piping system 40 is interactively connected to an appropriately associated, diagrammatic-ally represented drive 42 and is mounted in the combus-tion chamber 21' to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow Z about an approximately horizontal longitudinal axis X.
In a preferred illustrative embodiment, the piping system 40 is arranged in the combustion chamber 21' of the vessel 21 around a longitudinal axis X' which is ascending relative to the longitudinal axis X, or around a longitudinal axis X' which is descending rela-tive to the longitudinal axis X. The angle ~ or ~', formed between the horizontal axis X and between the ascending or descending longitudinal axis X' or X", is in each case of the order of magnitude of about 10 to 30.
The vessel 21 is mounted, for example, on two foundations 45, 45' located at a mutual distance in the 2 ~
axial direction of the vessel.
The vessel 21 can be mounted on the two founda-tions 45, 45' in a hori~onta:L plane. In the case of horizontal mounting, the piping system 40 is arranged in the combustion chamber 21' at the ascending angle described above and designated ~, or else at the descending angle designated ~.
In the case of a coaxial arrangement of the piping system 40 in the combustion chamber 21', the vessel 21 is arranged and mounted on the two foundations 45, 45' with its longitudinal axis 1 at an analogous descending or ascending angle.
In ~igure 2, a second illustrative embodiment of a plant is shown which is essentially represented as a flow diagram and designated 150 as a whole and which serves, for instance, for the reprocessing of sand core fragments or the like. The plant 150 comprises essen-tially a so-called rasping pot 110, a correspondingly associated transport and conveyor belt 111 and a drum-type furnace 120.
The rasping pot 110, which is shown diagrammatic~ally and is driven in rotation about an essentially vertical axis Y in the direction of the arrow Y' by means not shown in more detail, has a receiving vessel 110' which is provided on the inner periphery and at the bottom with appropriately arranged comminuting elements 113 designed approximately in a blade-type manner. By means of the comminuting elements 113, the sand core fragments sent via the transport and conveyor belt lll are comminuted appropriately. The sand thus formed and still containing all the binders or the like drops from the screen-type bottom 114 of the rasping pot llO into a hopper-type vessel 104 and is then fed via a feed line lO1 to a vessel 121 of the drum-type furnace 120. A gate valve 102, which can be actua~ed by a piston/cylinder unit 103 appropriately controllable for opening and closing the gate valve 102, can be arranged between the hopper-type vessel 104 and the vessel 121.
The drum-type furnace 120 is designed analogously - 8 ~
to the drum-type furnace 20 described above in conjunc-tion with Figure l.
At the front part A', designed as an inlet, of the vessel 121, a burner 131 is arranged, by ~eans of which the interior 121', designed as a combustion chamber, of the vessel 121 is heated.
At the rear part s~, designed as an outlet, of the vessel 121, a first chamber 126, a filter device 122, a fan 125, a second chamber 124 and a grate 123 arranqed between the first chamber 126 and the second chamber 124 are provided. The filter device 122 is connected via a line 127 to the inlet A' of the vessel 121, with inter-position of a fan 128. In the illustrative embodiment shown, the second chamber 124 is connected via a line 129 to a receiver 130.
The feed line 101 can be connected to the piping system 140 via a distributor element 135 which is shown diagrammatically, arranged in the combustion chamber 121' of the vessel 121 and, for example, designed in the manner of a container. The piping system 140 comprises at least one, but preferably a number of spirally wound pipes 141, which are each connected at one end to the feed line 101 or to the distributor element 135 and at the other end to the second chamber 126. The individual, spiral-type pipe 141 or else the complete piping system 140 is interactively connected to an appropriately associated, diagrammatically represented drive 142 and is mounted in the combustion chamber 121' to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow Z about an approximately hori-zontal longitudinal axis X.
In a preferred illustrative embodiment, thepiping system 140 is arranged in the combusion chamber 121' of the vessel 121 around a longitudinal axis X' which is ascending relative to the longitudinal axis X, or around a longitudinal axis X" which is descending relative to the longitudinal axis X. The angle or ', formed between the horizontal axis X and between the ascending or descending longitudinal axis X' or X-' is in each case of the order of magnitude of about 10 to 30.
The vessel 121 is mounted, for example, on two foundations 1~5, 145' located at a mutual distance in the axial direction of the vessel.
The vessel 121 can be mounted on the two founda-S tions 145, 145~ in a horizontal plane. In the case of horizontal mounting, the piping system 140 is arranged in the combustion chamber 121' at the ascending angle described above and ~esignated ~, or at the descending angle designated ~.
In the case of a coaxial arrangment of the piping system 140 in the combustion chamber 121', the vessel 121 is arranged and mounted on the two foundations 145, 145' with its longitudinal axis X at an analogous descending or ascending angle.
The pipe cross-section of the individual pipe 41 of the pipe system 40 installed in the drum-type furnace 20 according to Figure 1, or of the individual pipe 141 of the pipe system 140 installed in the drum-type furnace 120 according to Figure 2, can be of different shapes.
The pipe cross-section of the pipe, which can be formed into a spiral, is, for example, annular, square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal, square with a parallel-offset or t~e like. The essential point for the cross~sectional shape is, however, that the individual 2~ spiral has the greatest possible heat transfer area.
Figure 3 shows, as an illustrative example, a pipe 41, 141 with a square cross-section, offset in parallel, for the pipe system 40 or 140, and the parallel, mutually opposite surfaces 38, 38' and 39, 39', which enclose the interior designated 37, can be seen.
In Figure 4, a washing device designated 210 as a whole is shown in a diagrammatic sectional view and as a second illustrative embodiment, and an appropriately associated transport and conveyor belt 211, a first vessel 90, a first screen 91 which can be moved to and fro in the direction of the arrow 91' by means not shown, an appropriately associated second vessel 92 preferably of hopper-type shape and a second screen 93 which can be moved to and fro in the direction of the arrow 93' can be lO- 20~
seen.
The parts 90, 91, 92 and 93 are associated with a washing vessel 75 which essentially comprises a cylind-rical body 75' arranged upright between two mutually spaced flanges 76, 76'. A filter element 77 is arranged in the interior 78 of the steel shell or of the cylind-rical body 75' designed as a transparent body for visual-ising the function. The interior of the cylindrical body 75' is subdivided by the filter element 77 into a first chamber 79 for the actual loose material (not shown) and into a second chamber 78 for detached sludge materials 210".
At least one sonic transducer 80 interactively connected to an appropriately associated ultrasonic device 85 is arranged in the chamber 79 of the cylind-rical body 75'. In an embodiment variant not shown, a plurality of sonic transducers 80 in a mutually offset arrangement and interactively connected to the ultrasonic device 85 can also be provided.
In a manner not shown in more detail, the cylind-rical body 75' is joined with seals to the two flanges 76, 76', an opening 74 for charging the loose material being provided in the upper flange 76 and a conically shaped opening 74' for emptying being provided in the lower flange 76'.
A line 97 arranged with a seal on the lower flange 76' and having a shut-off valve 96 is also connec-ted to the washing vessel 75. The line 97 leads to an appropriately associated vessel 95 preferably provided with a screen 94.
A line 99 and, with insertion of a valve 96', a return line 233 communicating with the line 99 are connected to the vessel 9S. For the thermal treatment, the cleaned sand is fed via the line 99 in the direction of the arrow 99' to the piping system 40 (not shown in Figure 4), while the liquid is fed to an associated filter press 232 and from the filter prPss 232 via a line 234 in the direction of the arrow 234' back into the washing vessel 75.
11- 2~0~
A line 98, through which the sludge materials 210 are fed to the filter press 232, is also connected to the lower flange 76' of the washing vessel 7S, with insertion of a valve 98'. The solids thus produced are S fed for further use in the direction of the arrow 98' to an appropriate installation (not shown), while the liquid is fed via the line 234 in the direction of the arrow 234~ to the washing vessel 75.
The essential working steps are described below by way of example by reference to the plant 50:
The so called loose material is fed from the transport and conveyor belt 11 in the direction of the arrows 11' and 12 to the washing vessel 10 and kept therein in continuous motion by the associated ultrasonic device 15. As a result of ~he cavitation effect achiev-able by means of continuous motion of the loose material and as a result of the chemical composition of the liquid 10', the dirt particles are detached from the loose material and settle as sludge materials 10" at the bottom of the vessel 10. ~he loose material cleaned in this way is fed by the transport and conveyor belts 7, 6, 5 to the vessel 4 and appropriately dried therein. The drying in the vessel 4 is preferably effected by means of corres-pondingly fed hot air. With the gate valve 2 open, the dry and fairly free-flowing material passes for the thermal regeneration into the piping system 40 inter-actively connected to the distributor element 35.
~ s a result of the rotary motion, oriented about the longitudinal axis X or X' or X' in the direction of the arrow æ, of the piping system 4G arranged in the combustion chamber 21' of the drum-type furnace 20, the free-flowing material is transported by means of the spiral-type pipes 41 in ~he direction of the arrow 20~.
As a result of using a pipe 41, which is wound in itself in the longitudinal direction and, in profile cross-section, is square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal or else square with a parallel offset, the sand column in the pipe is kept low, so that optimum heating of the material is ensured.
- 12 - 2040~9~
The material taken through the piping system 40 in free flow by the rotary motion of the piping system 40 is passed into the chamber 26 and subjected therein above the grate 23 ~o the air stream of the fan 25, whereby the residual gases and ~ines are ~iltered out of the sand.
The residual gases and fines are fed by the fan 25 via the filter device 22 and via the return line 27 in the direction of the arrow 27' to the combustion chamber 21' for complete combustion as an additional energy carrier.
The cleaned material can be fed from the chamber 24 via a line 29 in the direction of the arrow 29' to the vessel 30 as re-usable material, largely as new.
As distinct from the working steps described above by reference to the plant 50 according to Figure 1, corresponding fragment-type fractions are fed in the plant 150 according to Figure 2 by the transport and conveyor belt 111 in the direction of the arrows 111' and 112 to the rasping pot 110 mounted to be rotatable about its vertical a~is Y in the direction of the arrow Y' and are comminuted therein. The material collected in the vessel 104 is then fed to the piping system 140 arranged in the vessel 120.
The further working and process steps of the plant lS0 are essentially identical to the working and process steps described above in conjunction with the plant 50 according to Figure 1.
Claims (17)
1. Method for reprocessing loose materials, in particular fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials, in which the fragment-type fractions or free-flowing materials are reprocessed by an appropriate comminuting and/or wet treatment and by a subsequent thermal treatment, characterised in that, for the thermal treatment, the loose material is passed through an externally heated piping system (40; 140) and then subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off the residual gases and fines.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that, before the thermal treatment, the loose material is freed of adhering dirt particles in a washing vessel (10;
75), filled with an appropriate liquid, by continuous motion of the loose material and of the liquid, and is then dried.
75), filled with an appropriate liquid, by continuous motion of the loose material and of the liquid, and is then dried.
3. Method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the loose material in the washing vessel (10; 75) is freed of the adhering dirt particles by ultrasonically generated vibrations which set the liquid and the loose material into continuous motion.
4. A process according to Claims 2 and 3, charac-terised by the use of ultrasonic transducers for generat-ing the continuous motion of the loose material and of the liquid.
5. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the loose material is passed from the piping system (40; 140) driven in rotation about its longitudinal axis to a chamber (26; 126) and subsequently subjected to a gaseous medium for separating off residual gases and fines, and that the gases and fines separated off are used as additional energy carriers for heating the piping system (40; 140).
6. Method according to Claims 1 to 5, characterised by the combination of the following features:
a) the loose material is cleaned by removing the adhering dirt particles in the washing vessel (10; 75) filled with an appropriate cleaning liquid, by ultrasonically generated vibrations, whereby the cleaning liquid is continuously moved, and is then dried, b) the loose material cleaned and dried in this way then being passed for the thermal treatment through an externally heated piping system (40; 140) rotat-able about its longitudinal axis (X) and subse-quently being subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off residual gases and fines.
a) the loose material is cleaned by removing the adhering dirt particles in the washing vessel (10; 75) filled with an appropriate cleaning liquid, by ultrasonically generated vibrations, whereby the cleaning liquid is continuously moved, and is then dried, b) the loose material cleaned and dried in this way then being passed for the thermal treatment through an externally heated piping system (40; 140) rotat-able about its longitudinal axis (X) and subse-quently being subjected to a gaseous medium for a step of screening and separating off residual gases and fines.
7. Equipment for carrying out the method according to Claim 1, consisting of a drum-type furnace (20; 120) with a heatable combustion chamber (21'; 121') for the thermal treatment of loose materials, in particular fragment-type fractions or free-flowing materials, characterised in that a piping system (40; 140) mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis (X) and inter-actively connected to a drive (42; 142) and having at least one spirally formed pipe (41; 141) is provided, which is designed for receiving the loose material at one end and discharging it into an associated chamber (26;
126) at the other end.
126) at the other end.
8. Equipment according to Claim 7, characterised in that the vessel (21; 121) of the drum-type furnace (20;
120) is subdivided in the longitudinal direction into individual heatable zones, and that appropriate burner elements or heating elements are arranged, preferably in a mutually offset arrangement, in the longitudinal direction along the outer wall of the vessel (21; 121).
120) is subdivided in the longitudinal direction into individual heatable zones, and that appropriate burner elements or heating elements are arranged, preferably in a mutually offset arrangement, in the longitudinal direction along the outer wall of the vessel (21; 121).
9. Equipment according to Claim 8, consisting of the drum-type furnace (20) with the heatable combustion chamber (21') and a washing vessel (10; 75) containing a chemical liquid, characterised in that an ultrasonic device (15; 85) is provided which is interactively connected to a generator (18) and is provided with at least one sonic transducer (16, 17; 80).
10. Equipment according to Claim 9, characterised in that a plurality of sonic transducers (16, 17) are provided on the washing vessel (10), which are located on and fixed to the bottom and/or the vessel side walls.
11. Equipment according to Claim 9, characterised in that at least one coaxially arranged sonic transducer (80) is arranged in the washing vessel (75) or a plural-ity of sonic transducers (80) are arranged at a mutual offset in the washing vessel (75).
12. Equipment according to Claim 7, characterised in that the piping system (40; 140) is arranged coaxially in the combustion chamber (21'; 121') and comprises a number of pipes (41; 141) which are shaped as spirals twisted in themselves and are mounted for rotation about their longitudinal axis (X).
13. Equipment according to one of Claims 7 and 12, characterised in that the piping system (40; 140) is arranged relative to the longitudinal axis (X) of the combustion chamber (21', 121') at an ascending angle (.alpha.) of the order of magnitude of 10° to 30° or at a descend-ing angle .alpha.').
14. Equipment according to Claim 7, characterised in that the piping system (40; 140) is arranged coaxially in the combustion chamber (21'; 121') and the vessel (21;
121) is mounted at an ascending or descending angle on at least two foundations located at a mutual distance.
121) is mounted at an ascending or descending angle on at least two foundations located at a mutual distance.
15. Equipment according to Claim 7, characterised in that the individual spirally deformed pipe (41; 141) of the piping system (40; 140) has a plurality of heat transfer surfaces (38, 38', 39, 39') and, in profile cross-section, has a square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal or parallel-offset shape.
16. Equipment according to Claim 7, characterised in that a first chamber (26; 126) connected to the piping system (40; 140) and a second chamber (24; 124) connected thereto via a grate (23; 123) and subject to a fan (25;
125) are arranged at one end of the drum-type furnace (20; 120).
125) are arranged at one end of the drum-type furnace (20; 120).
17. Equipment according to one of Claims 7 and 16, characterised in that the second chamber (26; 126) is connected via a filter device (22; 122) and a return line (27; 127) to the combustion chamber (21'; 121') of the drum-type furnace ( 20; 120).
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH306790 | 1990-09-24 | ||
| CH03067/90-0 | 1990-09-24 | ||
| CH00265/91-6 | 1991-01-29 | ||
| CH26591A CH688435A5 (en) | 1991-01-29 | 1991-01-29 | Method for recycling foundry sand |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2040491A1 true CA2040491A1 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
Family
ID=25684073
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002040491A Abandoned CA2040491A1 (en) | 1990-09-24 | 1991-04-15 | Method and equipment for reprocessing fragment-type fractions and/or free-flowing materials |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0478881A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06339745A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920006055A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1060048A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7430791A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9101989A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2040491A1 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS106191A3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI911842A (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT59042A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL97699A0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9100992A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO911495L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL290169A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT98144A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU92991A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010018751B4 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2015-08-13 | Laempe & Mössner GmbH | Method and device for producing molds or cores, in particular for foundry purposes |
| CN104549685A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆长江造型材料（集团）股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic crushing device for molding sand water-based binder |
| CN110282896B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-10-29 | 上海第二工业大学 | Device and method for continuously washing organic sand and stone by coupling fluidized bed and ultrasonic wave |
| CN110328327B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-08-28 | 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 | Device for regenerating and casting used sand by heat carrier heating method |
| CN112077258B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-12-03 | 三门峡强芯铸造材料有限公司 | Recycling treatment system and treatment process for waste precoated sand precision casting sand |
| CN115342380A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-15 | 清航空天(北京)科技有限公司 | Nonlinear detonation combustion chamber |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2252259A1 (en) * | 1972-10-25 | 1974-05-09 | Halbergerhuette Gmbh | Moulding material regeneration system - by comminution, annealing impact attrition and screening |
| US4008856A (en) * | 1975-09-17 | 1977-02-22 | Sears Edward A | Reclaiming system for foundry sand |
| US4144088A (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1979-03-13 | Kenzler Engineering Company, Inc. | Process of reclaiming used foundry sand |
| EP0149595B1 (en) * | 1984-01-11 | 1988-03-23 | KGT GIESSEREITECHNIK GmbH | Process and machine for regenerating used foundry sand |
| JPH0759709B2 (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1995-06-28 | 三井鉱山株式会社 | How to control the humidity of coal |
| DE3815877C1 (en) * | 1988-05-09 | 1989-08-31 | Uraphos Chemie Gmbh, 6370 Oberursel, De | A process for separating off inorganic binder systems in the regeneration of used foundry sands |
-
1991
- 1991-03-28 IL IL97699A patent/IL97699A0/en unknown
- 1991-04-06 EP EP91105479A patent/EP0478881A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-04-11 AU AU74307/91A patent/AU7430791A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-04-12 JP JP3106551A patent/JPH06339745A/en active Pending
- 1991-04-13 CN CN91102308A patent/CN1060048A/en active Pending
- 1991-04-15 CA CA002040491A patent/CA2040491A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-04-15 CS CS911061A patent/CS106191A3/en unknown
- 1991-04-16 NO NO91911495A patent/NO911495L/en unknown
- 1991-04-16 FI FI911842A patent/FI911842A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-04-18 HU HU911276A patent/HUT59042A/en unknown
- 1991-04-30 KR KR1019910006983A patent/KR920006055A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-05-08 PL PL29016991A patent/PL290169A1/en unknown
- 1991-05-15 BR BR919101989A patent/BR9101989A/en unknown
- 1991-05-24 YU YU92991A patent/YU92991A/en unknown
- 1991-06-28 PT PT98144A patent/PT98144A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-09-09 MX MX9100992A patent/MX9100992A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI911842A (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| MX9100992A (en) | 1992-05-04 |
| EP0478881A1 (en) | 1992-04-08 |
| NO911495D0 (en) | 1991-04-16 |
| HUT59042A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
| IL97699A0 (en) | 1992-06-21 |
| AU7430791A (en) | 1992-03-26 |
| PT98144A (en) | 1993-09-30 |
| CS106191A3 (en) | 1992-04-15 |
| NO911495L (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| JPH06339745A (en) | 1994-12-13 |
| CN1060048A (en) | 1992-04-08 |
| YU92991A (en) | 1993-11-16 |
| PL290169A1 (en) | 1992-04-06 |
| HU911276D0 (en) | 1991-10-28 |
| FI911842A0 (en) | 1991-04-16 |
| BR9101989A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
| KR920006055A (en) | 1992-04-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |