CA2035212A1 - Process and apparatus for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in exhaust gases - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in exhaust gases

Info

Publication number
CA2035212A1
CA2035212A1 CA 2035212 CA2035212A CA2035212A1 CA 2035212 A1 CA2035212 A1 CA 2035212A1 CA 2035212 CA2035212 CA 2035212 CA 2035212 A CA2035212 A CA 2035212A CA 2035212 A1 CA2035212 A1 CA 2035212A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
sorbent
exhaust gases
tar
pitch
containing pollutants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA 2035212
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Jungk
Ulrich Huwel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2035212A1 publication Critical patent/CA2035212A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75Multi-step processes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

In the baking of green carbon anodes for the production of aluminum, pitch- or tar-containing pollutants are carried by the exhaust gases in the form of fumes which do not only have a detrimental effect on the operating personnel, but also on the environment. In order to avoid this, according to the invention, the pollutant containing exhaust gases are mixed with a powdery sorbent, in particular with aluminum oxide powder, in a chamber to the absorbed by the sorbent. After separation from the gases, the sorbent, loaded with the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants, is fed to a combustion chamber where the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants are burned at high temperatures and are subsequently separated from the sorbent in a cyclone. In this way, the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants which are present in the exhaust gases and which are carried by the exhaust gases during the baking of green carbon anodes for the production of aluminum, can be completely removed in a simple and economic way.

Description

;~0352~2 I`he invention relates to a process and an apparatus for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutan-ts which are present in exhaust gases and which accompany the exhaust gases resulting from the baking of green carbon anodes used for the production of aluminum.
sefore their molding and compacting, tar or pitch is added as a binder to the green carbon anodes. Following this, the preformed and compacted carbon anodes are baked in a baking furnace at more than 1000C to complete the preparation of the anodes which are used as such for the production of aluminum. However, when heating the green carbon anodes in baking furnaces a part of the pitch- or tar-containing binder is volatilized or vaporized and is present as such in the exhaust gases. This does not only lead to conditions which are detrimental to the health of the operating personnel but also, more generally, to damage to the environment.
An object of the invention consists therefore in providing a process which in a simple way makes it possible to remove tar- or pitch-contai~ing pollutants which are present in exhaust gases.
This problem may be solved by mixing the pollutant containing exhaust gases with a powdery sorbent and allowing the pollutants to be absorbed by said sorbent, separating the sorbent, which is loaded with pitch- or tar-containing pollutants, from the exhaust gases, and feeding said loaded sorbent to a combustion chamber where burning of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants at high temperatures and afterwards separation from the sorbent takes place.
By means of the powdery sorbent, it is possible to separate the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants from the exhaust gases and afterwards to convert these --1- ~

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pol1ut~ S itltO Co2 alld 1l2O, by burning, to give neutral materials or exhaust gases which do not harm the environmerlt. The sorbent, separated from the neutral exhaust gases, can then very advantageously S be used again for the removal of pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in the exhaust gases.
As experience has shown, it is particularly suitable to use an aluminum oxide powder (A12O3) with a particle size of less than 150 ~m as sorbent for the removal of pitch- or tar-containing pollutants from the exhaust gas. Thus, on -the one hand, aluminum oxide powder has proved to be a particularly active sorbent for the removal of pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in exhaust gases and, on the other hand, aluminum oxide powder is readily obtained in large quantities in the production of alumina or aluminum, in which case the procurement of otherwise expensive sorbent is eliminated.
Other particulars, features and advantages of the invention follow from the following ex-planation of an apparatus, shown schematically in the drawing, to carry out the process according to the invention.
In the drawing:
The single Figure is a schematic illus-tration of an apparatus adapted for carrying out the process according to the invention.
As the drawing shows, the apparatus for the removal of pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in exhaust gases consists of a carbon anode baking furnace to which a pollutant absorption chamber 2 is connected at the exhaust gas outlet side.
A combustion chamber 3 is connected to the solid discharge side of the pollutant absorption chamber 2 and is connected via pipe 4 to a cyclone 5.

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setwcen tlle com~ust:ion chamber 3 and the cyclone 5, a heat exchanger 6 is provided along pipe 4. The combustion chamber 3 is very advan-tageously constructed as a cyclone furnace and, on the upper left sidc, is provided with a burner 7 which is fed with fuel via pipe 8 and with combustion air via pipe 9.
At the exhaust gas outlet side, the cyclone 5 is connected via an exhaus-t gas plpe 10 and cooler 11 to a filter 12. Along the exhaust gas pipe 10, between cooler 11 and filter 12, there is provided a gas distribution element 13, from which a pipe 14, represented in dotted line in the drawing, leads to the exhaust gas pipe 15 of the carbon anode baking furnace 1. At the solid discharge side, cyclone 5 is connected with a cooler 16, from which the sorbent is discharged via pipe 17 into a bin 18. A branch pipe 19, shown in dotted line in the drawing, which leads into pipe 20 which discharges centrally from above into the pollutant absorption chamber 2, is connected to pipe 7.
In the operation of the apparatus according to the invention, which is shown in the drawing, the exhaust gases are fed from the carbon anode baking furnace 1, while contaminated with pitch- or tar-containing pollutants, via pipe 15 to the pollutant absorption chamber 2 to be mixed therein with a powdery sorbent, in fact aluminum oxide powder, which is sprayed from above through pipe 20 in a finely distributed form into the pollutant absorption chamber 2, and the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in the exhaust gases are absorbed by or deposited on the sorbent and in this way are separated from the rest of the exhaust gases.

: - ., . ., . ~ . : -:,: , . ' , . . : , ;~03SZ12 ~ e e~ nlS~: gases, rrOm W}liCh the pitch- or tar-con~alning ~ollu~al~ts have been rcmoved, are drawn out of the pollutant absorption chamber 2, via pipe 21 and released after appropriate removal, if necessary, of contaminants such as sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide and dust etc., while the sorbent, loaded with pitch- or tar-containing pollutants, is discharged from the bottom of pollutant absorption chamber 2 and fed to combustion chamber 3. In the combustion chamber 3, which is very advantageously constructed as a cyclone, a complete combustion of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants into Co2 and H2O very advantageously takes place at temperatures between about 700 and 900C. Since the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants have a high calorific value, burning of the pollutants in the cyclone furnace is almost self-sufficient, i.e. in each case only small quantities of fuel have to be supplied from the outside via pipe 8 to the cyclone furnace.
The exhaust gases, rormed while burning takes place in combustion chamber 3, are fed together with the sorbent via pipe 4 - to which, if required, conveying air (arrow 22) can be supplied from the outside - to heat exchanger 6 to utilize the waste heat before they are brought into cyclone 5, where separation of the sorbent from the exhaust gases takes place. The virtually pollutant free exhaust gases are drawn from cyclone 5 upwards via pipe lO and after suitable cooling in cooler ll, are led outside via dust collector 12. However, part of these vitually pollutant free exhaust gases can, if required, be mixed via pipe 14 with the exhaust gases which exit from the carbon anode baking furnace 1 and be recycled to pollutant absorption chamber 2. After appropriate cooling in cooler 16, the aluminum oxide powder, from which the exhaust gases have been removed in cyclone 5, is fed via pipe 17 to a bin 18 .

,................................................................... : .
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for intcrmcdiatc s~orage. ~lowever, in this case a portion can very advantageously be recycled immediately via branch pipe 19 to pollutant absorption chamber 2 and again be used as sorbent for S the removal of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in the exhaust gases.
The aluminum oxide powder, collected in bin 18, is again used as sorbent for the removal of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in the exhaust gases whereby the procurement of new absorption materials is eliminated.
By means of the process according to the invention, it is possible to remove reliably and completely, with little effort and at low cost, the 15 pitch- or tar-containing pollutants which are present in the exhaust gases and which are carried by the exhaust gases during the baking of green carbon anodes for the production of aluminum. If aluminum oxide powder is not available as sorbent for the 20 removal of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants, fine-grained sand, in particular foundry sand, can profitably be used repeatedly as sorbent and thus also be regenerated.

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Claims (6)

1. Process for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutants which are present in exhaust gases and which are carried by the exhaust gases resulting from baking of green carbon anodes used for the production of aluminum, which comprises mixing pollutant containing exhaust gases with a powdery sorbent and allowing the pollutants to be absorbed by said sorbent, separating the sorbent which is loaded with pitch- or tar-containing pollutants from the exhaust gases, feeding said loaded sorbent to a combustion chamber where burning of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants at high temperatures and subsequently separation from the sorbent takes place.
2. Process according to claim 1, wherein said sorbent consists of aluminum oxide powder having a particle size less than 150 µm.
3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein burning of the pitch- or tar-containing pollutants takes place at temperatures between about 700 and 900°C.
4. Apparatus for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutants from exhaust gases, comprising a pollutant absorption chamber having an exhaust gas outlet and containing a sorbent, said exhaust gas outlet connected to a carbon anode baking furnace having a solid discharge side, said solid discharge side being connected to a combustion chamber which is connected to a cyclone, in which exhaust gases, separated from the sorbent, are led to a filter, and means for discharging the sorbent into a bin.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the combustion chamber consists of a cyclone furnace, and a heat exchanger is provided between the combustion chamber and the cyclone.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a sorbent cooler is provided before the bin.
CA 2035212 1990-01-30 1991-01-29 Process and apparatus for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in exhaust gases Abandoned CA2035212A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4002554.3 1990-01-30
DE19904002554 DE4002554A1 (en) 1990-01-30 1990-01-30 Exhaust emission cleaning - adsorb powder to gases to absorb pitch and tar for removal and disposal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2035212A1 true CA2035212A1 (en) 1991-07-31

Family

ID=6398992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA 2035212 Abandoned CA2035212A1 (en) 1990-01-30 1991-01-29 Process and apparatus for removing pitch- or tar-containing pollutants present in exhaust gases

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6942391A (en)
BR (1) BR9100357A (en)
CA (1) CA2035212A1 (en)
DE (1) DE4002554A1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2887782A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-05 Solios Environnement Sa PROCESS FOR TREATING GASEOUS EFFLUENTS CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY CAPTAGING OR CONDENSATION
CN102000483A (en) * 2010-09-29 2011-04-06 云南源鑫炭素有限公司 Method for treating asphalt gas efficiently and harmlessly
CN101784860B (en) * 2007-06-21 2013-03-06 索里斯环境公司 Method for optimising the control of a centre for the treatment of fumes from a rotary furnace for baking carbon blocks
CN107653462A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-02 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 A kind of roasting aluminum electrolytic bath process glance coal gas collection administering method and device
CN109078462A (en) * 2018-09-12 2018-12-25 福建南方路面机械有限公司 A kind of bituminous mixing plant flue gas absorption reutilization system and method
CN113048799A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-29 沈阳博宇科技有限责任公司 Device and method for treating organic flue gas in roasting flue gas
CN113716968A (en) * 2020-05-26 2021-11-30 上海领津环境技术有限公司 Roasting filler prepared by recycling carbon product production waste and method
CN116920552A (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-10-24 泉州兴跃机械有限公司 Asphalt-stirred flue gas efficient treatment device and treatment process thereof

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0564718A (en) * 1991-09-05 1993-03-19 Daikin Ind Ltd Concentration method and device
DE4338928A1 (en) * 1993-11-15 1995-05-18 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Cleaning of gas stream by adsorption of harmful substances
CN109764344B (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-12-13 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Comprehensive treatment system for asphalt smoke
CN113274837A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-20 沈阳博宇科技有限责任公司 Calcining flue gas purifying treatment system

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2887782A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-05 Solios Environnement Sa PROCESS FOR TREATING GASEOUS EFFLUENTS CONTAINING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY CAPTAGING OR CONDENSATION
WO2007003778A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Solios Environnement Method for processing gaseous wastes containing organic compounds by capturing or condensation
CN101784860B (en) * 2007-06-21 2013-03-06 索里斯环境公司 Method for optimising the control of a centre for the treatment of fumes from a rotary furnace for baking carbon blocks
CN102000483A (en) * 2010-09-29 2011-04-06 云南源鑫炭素有限公司 Method for treating asphalt gas efficiently and harmlessly
CN107653462A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-02-02 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 A kind of roasting aluminum electrolytic bath process glance coal gas collection administering method and device
CN107653462B (en) * 2017-10-27 2023-06-13 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Asphalt smoke gas collection treatment method and device in roasting process of aluminum electrolysis cell
CN109078462A (en) * 2018-09-12 2018-12-25 福建南方路面机械有限公司 A kind of bituminous mixing plant flue gas absorption reutilization system and method
CN113716968A (en) * 2020-05-26 2021-11-30 上海领津环境技术有限公司 Roasting filler prepared by recycling carbon product production waste and method
CN113048799A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-29 沈阳博宇科技有限责任公司 Device and method for treating organic flue gas in roasting flue gas
CN116920552A (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-10-24 泉州兴跃机械有限公司 Asphalt-stirred flue gas efficient treatment device and treatment process thereof
CN116920552B (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-12-01 泉州兴跃机械有限公司 An efficient flue gas treatment device for asphalt mixing and its treatment process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4002554A1 (en) 1991-08-01
AU6942391A (en) 1991-08-01
BR9100357A (en) 1991-10-22

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