CA2034746C - Method of neutralizing hazardous products and composition therefor - Google Patents
Method of neutralizing hazardous products and composition thereforInfo
- Publication number
- CA2034746C CA2034746C CA002034746A CA2034746A CA2034746C CA 2034746 C CA2034746 C CA 2034746C CA 002034746 A CA002034746 A CA 002034746A CA 2034746 A CA2034746 A CA 2034746A CA 2034746 C CA2034746 C CA 2034746C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- formaldehyde
- weight percent
- composition
- water
- urea
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/902—Materials removed
- Y10S210/908—Organic
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Treating formaldehyde or formaldehyde containing solutions which are used for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservatives and the like to permit a readily available disposal of formaldehyde by dumping or for external treatment without harming the environment.
Formaldehyde or solutions thereof are contacted with a composition containing urea, phosphoric acid or ammonium chloride and water, they are allowed to be neutralized by the composition and the reaction product can readily be disposed.
Formaldehyde or solutions thereof are contacted with a composition containing urea, phosphoric acid or ammonium chloride and water, they are allowed to be neutralized by the composition and the reaction product can readily be disposed.
Description
~ ~ 3 il ~
The present invention relates to a method of neutralizing hazardous products and a composition therefor. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with a method for the treatment of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions, particularly those which are used such as in hospital laboratories, medical and veterinary research and testing laboratories and mortuaries, for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservatives, and the like to render the solutions readily disposable for dumping and for external treatment without harming the environment.
The reaction of urea with formaldehyde to provide a copolymer and the resultant neutralization of formaldehyde has been known for a long time. As a matter of fact, any skilled chemist would know that this reaction was one of the first to be disclosed in the field of polymer chemistry. It would therefore be normal to expect that each time formaldehyde becomes a problem, urea would be used to offset the possibly harmful effects of formaldehyde. For example, it is well known that in a chemical plant, or in a laboratory, a formaldehyde spill which cannot be otherwise disposed of, may be treated with urea to at least partially neutralize its effects. While the use of formaldehyde is essential for tissue preservation, the-discharge of formaldehyde bearing wastes however, is looked upon as damaging to the environment. Formaldehyde users are normally forced to employ waste management companies to deal with the disposal problem.
However, to the knowledge of the applicant, in the case of large amounts of formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solutions, no proposal has been advanced to safely, efficiently and economically handle these products without harming the -:. ~
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. .
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The present invention relates to a method of neutralizing hazardous products and a composition therefor. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with a method for the treatment of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions, particularly those which are used such as in hospital laboratories, medical and veterinary research and testing laboratories and mortuaries, for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservatives, and the like to render the solutions readily disposable for dumping and for external treatment without harming the environment.
The reaction of urea with formaldehyde to provide a copolymer and the resultant neutralization of formaldehyde has been known for a long time. As a matter of fact, any skilled chemist would know that this reaction was one of the first to be disclosed in the field of polymer chemistry. It would therefore be normal to expect that each time formaldehyde becomes a problem, urea would be used to offset the possibly harmful effects of formaldehyde. For example, it is well known that in a chemical plant, or in a laboratory, a formaldehyde spill which cannot be otherwise disposed of, may be treated with urea to at least partially neutralize its effects. While the use of formaldehyde is essential for tissue preservation, the-discharge of formaldehyde bearing wastes however, is looked upon as damaging to the environment. Formaldehyde users are normally forced to employ waste management companies to deal with the disposal problem.
However, to the knowledge of the applicant, in the case of large amounts of formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solutions, no proposal has been advanced to safely, efficiently and economically handle these products without harming the -:. ~
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environment. This is particularly the case of hospitals, medical and veterinary research laboratories and mortuaries where large quantities of formaldehyde must consistently be removed from the site to locations where little or no problem to the environment would be caused.
The prior art discloses the following references, none of which even comes close to suggesting a practical solution to the problem discussed above:
United States Patents 1,540,926 4,338,196 3,340,212 4,340,490 ~.
3,663,379 4,454,048 3,689,463 4,518,508 3,714,124 4,757,108 3,716,483 4,855,053 ~ "~ "d 3,883,462 4,901,410 4,009,996 4,909,947 2~!7~ 't~t.
4,243,797 ~?~/?3~, 4,931,192 ~ o~7~ I
French Patent 1,241,612 It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple efficient and economical means for 25the disposal of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for the disposal of formaldehyde containing material which is safe for the 30environment.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a composition which can be used for the safe disposal of formaldehyde and formal.dehyde bearing solutions, particularly those . ; , ,, .: :
- , ' '.
.
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which are used in hospital laboratories, medical and veterinary research and testing laboratories, and mortuaries.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method of treatment of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions which are used for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservatives and the like to render said formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions readily disposable for dumping or for external treatment without harming the environment, which comprises contacting said formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solution with a composition comprising about 30 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3 to about 12 weight percent of a product selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and ammonium chloride,the balance consisting of water, allowing substantially all the formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solution to be neutrali~ed by the composition to give a reaction product, and disposing of the reaction product.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises about 30 to about 50 weight percent urea, about 5 to about 12 weight percent ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water, most preferably about 40 weight percent urea and about 8 weight percent ammonium chloride.
In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises about 40 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3.5 to about 7 weight percent phosphoric acid, the balance consisting of water, most preferably and 50 weight percent urea and about 4.3 weight percent phosphoric acid.
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The product which results from the treatment according to the invention, is an inert powder residue which is environmentally harmless and safe for disposed such as into a normal sewer system.
EXAMPLE
DAILY DISPOSAL SYSTEM
For the daily neutralization of formaldehyde solutions in regular use, the following procedure should be followed:
a) Calculate the lab's daily formaldehyde solution waste generated.
b) A covered plastic reservoir is filled a sufficient amount of a composition according to the invention containing 55 weight percent urea, 4.3 weight percent H3PO4, and water to neutralize the maximum daily formaldehyde waste generated by the lab.
The following table shows the required quantities.
Per liter of Formaldehyde Amount of Content ~ composition required*
1- Formaldehyde 37%37% 1.7 lts 2- Fixative solutions 4% 275 ml.
4% with acid, sulphate alcohol buffer 3- Fixative solutions 10~ 550 ml.
10% with acid, phosphate buffers 4- Fixative solutions 6% 385 ml.
6% with acid/phosphate buffers 5- Formalin 10% with4% 275 ml.
* Includes a 10 percent safery margin against excess formaldehyde content. The reservoir is sized to hold a minimum of 50 liters.
, .
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As waste formaldehyde solutions are generated, they are disposed of directly into the reservoir. The neutralization occurs immediately and a fine inert powdered residue settles at the bottom of the container. The reservoir is kept covered unless open to deposit waste solution. At the end of the day, the contents of the reservoir are stirred and allowed to stand for 15 minutes to assure that all formaldehyde has been neutralized.
The inert powder residue is environmentally harmless and safe to dispose of into the sewer system. The reservoir can be moved from the lab and washed with water. Once rinsed, the container can be reused.
Tests made with compositions containing various ranges of urea and phosphoric acid, and substituting ammonium chloride for phosphoric acid, within the ranges specified above, gave equivalent results.
It is understood that modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, provided the composition falls within the scope of the appended claims.
. . :
:: . -
environment. This is particularly the case of hospitals, medical and veterinary research laboratories and mortuaries where large quantities of formaldehyde must consistently be removed from the site to locations where little or no problem to the environment would be caused.
The prior art discloses the following references, none of which even comes close to suggesting a practical solution to the problem discussed above:
United States Patents 1,540,926 4,338,196 3,340,212 4,340,490 ~.
3,663,379 4,454,048 3,689,463 4,518,508 3,714,124 4,757,108 3,716,483 4,855,053 ~ "~ "d 3,883,462 4,901,410 4,009,996 4,909,947 2~!7~ 't~t.
4,243,797 ~?~/?3~, 4,931,192 ~ o~7~ I
French Patent 1,241,612 It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple efficient and economical means for 25the disposal of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for the disposal of formaldehyde containing material which is safe for the 30environment.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a composition which can be used for the safe disposal of formaldehyde and formal.dehyde bearing solutions, particularly those . ; , ,, .: :
- , ' '.
.
, 2~A.L~
which are used in hospital laboratories, medical and veterinary research and testing laboratories, and mortuaries.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method of treatment of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions which are used for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservatives and the like to render said formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions readily disposable for dumping or for external treatment without harming the environment, which comprises contacting said formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solution with a composition comprising about 30 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3 to about 12 weight percent of a product selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and ammonium chloride,the balance consisting of water, allowing substantially all the formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solution to be neutrali~ed by the composition to give a reaction product, and disposing of the reaction product.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises about 30 to about 50 weight percent urea, about 5 to about 12 weight percent ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water, most preferably about 40 weight percent urea and about 8 weight percent ammonium chloride.
In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises about 40 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3.5 to about 7 weight percent phosphoric acid, the balance consisting of water, most preferably and 50 weight percent urea and about 4.3 weight percent phosphoric acid.
:
:
,. ~ - : , 2~7~
The product which results from the treatment according to the invention, is an inert powder residue which is environmentally harmless and safe for disposed such as into a normal sewer system.
EXAMPLE
DAILY DISPOSAL SYSTEM
For the daily neutralization of formaldehyde solutions in regular use, the following procedure should be followed:
a) Calculate the lab's daily formaldehyde solution waste generated.
b) A covered plastic reservoir is filled a sufficient amount of a composition according to the invention containing 55 weight percent urea, 4.3 weight percent H3PO4, and water to neutralize the maximum daily formaldehyde waste generated by the lab.
The following table shows the required quantities.
Per liter of Formaldehyde Amount of Content ~ composition required*
1- Formaldehyde 37%37% 1.7 lts 2- Fixative solutions 4% 275 ml.
4% with acid, sulphate alcohol buffer 3- Fixative solutions 10~ 550 ml.
10% with acid, phosphate buffers 4- Fixative solutions 6% 385 ml.
6% with acid/phosphate buffers 5- Formalin 10% with4% 275 ml.
* Includes a 10 percent safery margin against excess formaldehyde content. The reservoir is sized to hold a minimum of 50 liters.
, .
, - , . , . ~ : ,. , .: : , .
, .
.
,, ' ~ . ,.
As waste formaldehyde solutions are generated, they are disposed of directly into the reservoir. The neutralization occurs immediately and a fine inert powdered residue settles at the bottom of the container. The reservoir is kept covered unless open to deposit waste solution. At the end of the day, the contents of the reservoir are stirred and allowed to stand for 15 minutes to assure that all formaldehyde has been neutralized.
The inert powder residue is environmentally harmless and safe to dispose of into the sewer system. The reservoir can be moved from the lab and washed with water. Once rinsed, the container can be reused.
Tests made with compositions containing various ranges of urea and phosphoric acid, and substituting ammonium chloride for phosphoric acid, within the ranges specified above, gave equivalent results.
It is understood that modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, provided the composition falls within the scope of the appended claims.
. . :
:: . -
Claims (10)
1. Method of treatment of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions which are used for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservatives and the like to render said formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions readily disposable for dumping or for external treatment without harming the environment which comprises contacting said formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solution with a composition comprising about 30 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3 to about 12 weight percent of a product selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water, allowing substantially all said formaldehyde or formaldehyde bearing solution to be neutralized by said composition to give a reaction product, and disposing of said reaction product.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein said composition comprises about 30 to about 50 weight percent urea, about 5 to about 12 weight percent ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein said composition comprises about 40 weight percent urea, about 8 weight percent ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water.
4. Method according to claim 1, wherein said composition comprises about 40 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3.5 to about 7 weight percent phosphoric acid, the balance consisting of water.
5. Method according to claim 1, wherein said composition comprises about 50 weight percent urea, about 4.3 weight percent phosphoric acid, the balance consisting of water.
6. Composition for the treatment of formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions which are used for tissue fixation, for providing biological sample preservative and the like to render said formaldehyde and formaldehyde bearing solutions readily disposable for dumping or for external treatment without harming the environment, said composition comprising about 30 to about 55 weight percent urea, about 3 to about 12 weight percent of a product selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water.
7. Composition according to claim 1, which comprises about 30 to about 50 weight percent urea, about 5 to about 12 weight percent ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water.
8. Composition according to claim 2, which comprises about 40 weight percent urea, about 8 weight percent ammonium chloride, the balance consisting of water.
9. Composition according to claim 1, which comprises about 40 to about 25 weight percent urea, about 3.5 to about 7 weight percent phosphoric acid, the balance consisting of water.
10. Composition according to claim 1, which comprises about 50 weight percent urea, about 4.3 weight percent phosphoric acid, the balance consisting of water.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002034746A CA2034746C (en) | 1991-01-22 | 1991-01-22 | Method of neutralizing hazardous products and composition therefor |
| US07/660,057 US5108621A (en) | 1991-01-22 | 1991-02-25 | Method of neutralizing hazardous products |
| GB9121542A GB2252102B (en) | 1991-01-22 | 1991-10-10 | Method of neutralizing hazardous products and composition therefor |
| JP3327649A JPH04277079A (en) | 1991-01-22 | 1991-12-11 | Method for neutralization of harmful product and composition for use in said method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002034746A CA2034746C (en) | 1991-01-22 | 1991-01-22 | Method of neutralizing hazardous products and composition therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2034746A1 CA2034746A1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| CA2034746C true CA2034746C (en) | 1997-11-18 |
Family
ID=4146880
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002034746A Expired - Lifetime CA2034746C (en) | 1991-01-22 | 1991-01-22 | Method of neutralizing hazardous products and composition therefor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5108621A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04277079A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2034746C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2252102B (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU4102493A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1994-11-08 | Envirosurgical, Inc. | Surgery plume filter device and method of filtering |
| US5910291A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1999-06-08 | Envirosurgical, Inc. | Surgery plume filter device and method of filtering |
| US5288469A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1994-02-22 | Envirosurgical, Inc. | Surgery plume filter device |
| US5352368A (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1994-10-04 | Isolyser Co., Inc. | Aldehyde treatment system |
| JPH10504242A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1998-04-28 | モンサント・カンパニー | Treatment of waste streams containing formaldehyde |
| WO1997039330A1 (en) | 1996-04-12 | 1997-10-23 | Oncor, Inc. | Method and composition for controlling formaldehyde fixation by delayed quenching |
| US6072086A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 2000-06-06 | Intergen Company | Method and composition for controlling formaldehyde fixation by delayed quenching |
| US6043405A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2000-03-28 | Isolyser Company, Inc. | Formulation for neutralization of formaldehyde and method of using and disposing of the same |
| JP2002053838A (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-02-19 | Nankyou Efunika Kk | Composition for removing aldehyde |
| US6849664B2 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2005-02-01 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for disposing biocide-containing cooling water |
| RU2228303C1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-05-10 | Брянская государственная инженерно-технологическая академия | Waste water treatment process |
| RU2228302C1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-05-10 | Брянская государственная инженерно-технологическая академия | Waste water treatment process |
| CN102285711A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-12-21 | 张婷丽 | Method for lowering pH value of basic aquaculture water body |
| CN103656955A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-26 | 中铁九局集团工程检测试验有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-efficiency formaldehyde scavenger |
| CN102989107B (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2015-02-11 | 郑丽 | Formaldehyde removal method |
| JP6960891B2 (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-11-05 | エア・ウォーター・ベルパール株式会社 | Wastewater treatment method |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3340212A (en) * | 1961-11-09 | 1967-09-05 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Electrical insulating resin composition of epoxy resin, acid-terminated polyester and stannous octoate |
| FR1540926A (en) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-10-04 | Meissner Fa Josef | Process for the preparation of urea-formaldehyde condensation products |
| CH515189A (en) * | 1969-08-01 | 1971-11-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for removing dissolved, emulsified or suspended organic substances from water |
| US3689463A (en) * | 1971-05-07 | 1972-09-05 | Anatoly Abramovich Kruglikov | Method of producing liquid water-soluble urea-formaldehyde resins employing an aryl or alkyl sulfonic acid |
| US4081366A (en) * | 1971-11-08 | 1978-03-28 | Orgonics, Inc. | Process for dewatering organic waste product |
| US3714124A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1973-01-30 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Dimethylol propionic acid-urea-aldehyde resins |
| IT956493B (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1973-10-10 | Sir Soc Italiana Resine Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE RECOVERY OF PHENOL CONTAINED IN WASTEWATER AND FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF SAID PHENOL INTO RESINOUS PRODUCTS |
| IL40253A (en) * | 1972-08-30 | 1975-04-25 | Imi Inst For Res & Dev | Removal of dissolved organic matter from acidic aqueous solution |
| US3883462A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1975-05-13 | Glenn A Pearson | Novel resinous compositions comprising sequential reaction product of formaldehyde, inorganic acid, triethanolamine and urea |
| AR205801A1 (en) * | 1973-11-08 | 1976-06-07 | Ciba Geigy Ag | PHENOLSULPHONIC ACID - UREA - FORMALDEHYDE REACTION PRODUCTS, PARTICULARLY USEFUL AS TANNING SUBSTANCES |
| FI64793C (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1984-01-10 | Degussa | FOERFARANDE FOER RENING AV AVFALLSVATTEN SOM INNEHAOLLER FENOLFENOLDERIVAT ELLER FENOL OCH FORMALDEHYD |
| DE2757220C2 (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1981-09-24 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Process for the production of soft and hard resins and their use |
| US4338196A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1982-07-06 | Celanese Corporation | Biological treatment of a formaldehyde-containing waste water contacted with a biomass together with a nitrogen compound |
| US4454048A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1984-06-12 | Scm Corporation | Treating waste water contaminated with a low concentration of latex |
| US4518508A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-05-21 | Solidtek Systems, Inc. | Method for treating wastes by solidification |
| SU1198025A1 (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-12-15 | Трест "Ленинградоргстрой" | Method of waste water purification |
| DE3406473A1 (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-19 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS OF CONDENSATION PRODUCTS FROM UREA AND CH-ACIDEN ALDEHYDES AND THE USE THEREOF |
| FR2591505B1 (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1988-02-26 | Atochem | PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM THEIR AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OR SUSPENSIONS. |
| US4909947A (en) * | 1986-03-03 | 1990-03-20 | Uop | Process for detoxifying high aqueous content hazardous waste streams |
| US4757108A (en) * | 1986-06-18 | 1988-07-12 | Borden, Inc. | Water soluble phenolic resole-urea composition |
| US4901410A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1990-02-20 | The University Of Michigan | Anatomical preparation station |
| US4931192A (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1990-06-05 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Method for the disposal of hazardous non-polar organic wastes |
-
1991
- 1991-01-22 CA CA002034746A patent/CA2034746C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-25 US US07/660,057 patent/US5108621A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-10 GB GB9121542A patent/GB2252102B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-11 JP JP3327649A patent/JPH04277079A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2034746A1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| GB2252102A (en) | 1992-07-29 |
| GB2252102B (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| US5108621A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
| JPH04277079A (en) | 1992-10-02 |
| GB9121542D0 (en) | 1991-11-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |