CA2030511A1 - Multipurpose navigation plotter - Google Patents
Multipurpose navigation plotterInfo
- Publication number
- CA2030511A1 CA2030511A1 CA 2030511 CA2030511A CA2030511A1 CA 2030511 A1 CA2030511 A1 CA 2030511A1 CA 2030511 CA2030511 CA 2030511 CA 2030511 A CA2030511 A CA 2030511A CA 2030511 A1 CA2030511 A1 CA 2030511A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plotter
- navigation
- protractor
- rotably
- hairline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
- G01C21/22—Plotting boards
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Instructional Devices (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT.
This invention relates to a manually operable "multi-purpose navigation plotter" which allows direct; course, distance and position plotting without: arithmetic calculations, Latitude/Longitude scales, compass roses imprinted on charts or any other instruments commonly used. This plotter is universally applicable for both marine and air navigation using charts scaled in accordance with any measuring system used in the world.
The "basic" plotter consist of four layered transparent members held together or taken apart by a special fastener. The "complete plotter" consist of several optional attachments, the "leeway/drift vector" and the "extension ruler/hairline". Each attachment locks-on and rotates on this fastener. Desired "magnetic" values are obtained by the rotational relationship between the "magnetic"
rotably protractor disk and the adjacent fixed circular "true"
protractor "base" having multiple straight sides, only four shown.
This invention relates to a manually operable "multi-purpose navigation plotter" which allows direct; course, distance and position plotting without: arithmetic calculations, Latitude/Longitude scales, compass roses imprinted on charts or any other instruments commonly used. This plotter is universally applicable for both marine and air navigation using charts scaled in accordance with any measuring system used in the world.
The "basic" plotter consist of four layered transparent members held together or taken apart by a special fastener. The "complete plotter" consist of several optional attachments, the "leeway/drift vector" and the "extension ruler/hairline". Each attachment locks-on and rotates on this fastener. Desired "magnetic" values are obtained by the rotational relationship between the "magnetic"
rotably protractor disk and the adjacent fixed circular "true"
protractor "base" having multiple straight sides, only four shown.
Description
The large ~iz~ and design of the special fa~tener applie~ ~he proper drag on the rotably disk hold1ng it from moving. Compass correct~on data are incorporated on the "compass correction plate~ at corresponding compass angle~. Desired "compass corrected" values are then obtained by the rotation of the rotably protractor disk relative to these angular corrections. The air or marine "projection plate", featuring the Latitude and Longitude scale~, allows the multi-purpo~e naviga$ion plotter to psrform direct navi~ation operations inherent to the3e scale~. The nprojection plate" also adapts the plotter to the lo~al geographical area.
- The general structural arrangement of thi~ invention particularly the multi-layered structure, and the int~rchangea~ility and the detachability of its components allows simple, complQte and direct chart plotting, converting "true" values t~ "compa~s corrected" value~ and vice versa.
The interchanaeability of compon~nts adapts this plotter to local geographical areas in which the craft is navigating. The interchangeability feature also allows dirQct geographical distance measurQments and direct coord~nates r~a~in~ and measurements in Latitude and Lo~gitude of ~eo~raphical position~, The ~etachability feature of this plotter, incorporates the flex~billty of ~$tachme~t of the leeway/drift vector and the "extension ruler/hairlin~". The~e attachments ~re locked-on individually and separat~ly on the ~pecial ~astener. The "leeway/drift vector" attachment allows plottin~ o~ any navigation vect~r~ whereas the "exten~ion rule~/hairline" attachment is used for longer di~tanc~ measurements and when hairline reference is preferred to vi3ual hol~in~ prac~ice.
-Navigation plotting as it is practiced at the present time i~
seldom performed with accuracy. Because of the many variabl~s involved; meAsurements, lnt~rpretations, calculations of geogra-phical variable data, the intri~s$c de~ign limitations o$ the multiple plotting instruments n~eded, chart folding and small or non e~istent chart table ~pace, are factors that ar~ known to introduce human error.
Accuracy in plotting any navigation operation on a chart to a "corrected com~ass~ headlng of a ship, is therefore affected by one's ability to correctly apply the correction factors of local magnetic variation, compass deviation particular to each vessel or aircraft, drift correction caused by; wind, leeway and current through the water and Latitude/Longitude scales measurements.
Due to their engineering limitations, protractors commercially available are classified a~ "conversion" types and can only perform a single operation. Therefore other i~struments must be used in perfor~ing the rest o~ the required oparations inh~rent to nav~gation plotting. The dividers is one instrume~t still needed ~or makin~ di~tance an~ coordinates measurements, using the Latitude and Longitude scales imprinted on the sides of charts. The divider also affect the lif~ usage of navigation charts due to the wear the chart undergoes being repeatedly punctured by the divider's sharp metal point~. Life usage oi navigation charts i8 further shortened b~ the unavoidable un~oldi~ ana folding o~ these charts, a practic~ deemea necessary ~or ac~essi~ the Latitude ~nd Longitude scaleæ.
It has al80 been a ~ouxce o~ ~m~rou~ accide~ts at ~ea. The stabbing o~ the foot and arm when the divider ~lides off the chart tahle when the cra~t is lively.
- I have found that the problem~ encountered in navi~ation plotting u~ing multiple manually operable in~trume~ts, are eliminated by incorporating the required ele~ents into a sin~le instrument. The general ~truetural arrangement o~ this invention, allow~ navigation plotting without the need ~or calculations or ~or the use of other instruments.
The "basic" multi-purpose navigation plotter of the present invention allow~ simpli~iad nAvigation plotting, having only one movable c~mponent. Th~ required navigation operations is p~rformQd in one continuous process.
The conversion for a particular heading fr~m "true" to nmagnetic" ~o "compas~ corrected" values are obtained through the relationship of the fixed and rotational protractors of the rotably disk and square "base". "Magnetic variation" data is obtained from charts whereas the "compas~ correction" information is ob~ained from data marked on the added "compass correction platen. ~his arrangement eliminates the need ~or arithmetic calculations, compas~ rose~, compass correction tables and the assortments of manual navigation inst~uments.
By adding the air/marine "projection plate" the geographical distance of two Polnts and the coordinates of ~ geographical position can be measured. The interchangeable 'lair/marine projection plate" display~ Latitude and Longitude scales which represent the local geographical area. It is replaced for each new location the craft is intended to navigate. The set of dividers, the Latitude and Longitude ~cales and the folding of charts to access the Latitude and Longitude scales are ~o longer required.
The '7compass correction plate" and the air/mari~e 'lprojection plate~
are affixed into the square recsss on the underside of the plotter n base".
The interchangeability o~ the components customiz~s the plotter to the Skipp~-r~ name, color preferenca, and to the vessel's char~cteristic8, compas~ correction table, reyistration number and home port~
With the detachability feature of this plottar, tha optional "extension ruler/hairli~e" and the "leeway/dr-ft vector"
attachment~ are individually and separately locked-on on the special ~astener by a ~lide-lock which allows each attac~ment to freely rotate and locked ~hen nee~ed.
With the "extension ruler/hairline" attachment, navigation operations which re~uire ~reater length than the "base's" square sides can be made and also when the use of a movable hairline in~tead of a visu~l reference is preferred for readi~g angul~r units across a plurality of protractors.
Navigation operations to he accurate must also include dri~t correction caused by; wind, leeway and current through the water.
The drif~ correction must be repeatedly calculated for each change of course the craft is undertaking, a process seldom practiced by navigators. With the "leeway~drift vector" attachment, a "function to color" matching system i~ incorporated allowing rapid plotting of any vector such as; the course to steer/speed to use, the cour~e to make good/speed made good, the ~ourse steered/speed through the water, the course made good/ speed made good, and th~ set/dri~t with the ~a~tors of; wind, leeway and current through the ~ater having been accaunted for.
The multi-purpose naviga~ion plotter of the present invention eliminates the use and practice of parallel-rule, dividers, triangles, arithmetic and geometrical calculations, compass roses, compass correction tables, Latituda an~ longitude scales, navigation table and the unfolding and folding of navigation charts.
The only additional tool n~eded with this plotter is a 0,5 mm lead pencil.
-"In drawings whlch illu~trate embodiments of the invention.
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the navigation plotter accQrding to the invention.
Figure 2 Is a plan view of a third in~icator ~ber of the ~avigation plotter accordi~g to the lnvention.
~igure 3 i8 a plan view of a four~h indicator member of the navigation plotter according ~o the invention.
Figure 4 is a cros~ sectional view of the fifth indicator member of the na~i~ation plotter according to the invention.
Figure 5- I~ a top plan view of the optional sixth indicator member, the ~extension ruler/ ~airline", version ~ne oi the navigation plot~er aceording to the invention.
Figure 6- Is a cross æectional view of the locki~g device o~ the ~ptional si~th lndicator member, the "extension ruler~ hairlinen, version one and version two, and of the seventh indicator member o~
the navigation plotter according to the invention.
Figure 7- I~ a top plan view of the optional sixth indicator mamber, the "extension ruler/ hairline", version two of the navigation plotter acoording to the invention.
,,.," ~
Figure 8- Is a crsss sectional end YieW of ~he optio~al ~ixth indicator me~ber version two o~ FigurA 7 o~ the navig~tion plotter according to the invention.
Figure 9- Is a plan view of the optional seventh indicator ~em~r, the "leeway/drift vector" attachment showing t~a locklng slide and slot on member 76. of th~ navigation plotter according to the invention.
Figure 10- Is a plan view of the optional seventh indicator member, the "leeway/drift vector" attachment. For clarity pUrpQs2 the locking device, part of member 76 is not shown on the navigation plotter according to the invention.
For clari~ication purposes, some details on plotter 10 are omitted in the accompanying drawings.
The assembled plotter 10, Fig.l, of the present invention comprises;
a first indicator member 12; a visually clear and unobstructed flexible or ~emi rigid, hard surfaced base; comprising multiple 8~raight ed~es, only four aide shown, beveled on top 9. The underside surface having a s~uare recess allowing snug fit~ing to a duality of plates, the plotter's square base further comprising four registration holss 41,42,43,44, rep~esentin~ the zero mark for each LatitudeJlongitude scales 45,46,47,48, for every interchangeable calibrated La~itude~lon~itude projection plates 18 fig 3. A large aperture hole 56 in the geometrical center of the plotter ba~e lZ, is u~ed as a receptacle for the large diameter eyelet/fastner 22. A duality of 360-degree protractors 25,26, are impri~ted unto the base 12, in cooperative relationship with the ro~ably magnetic protractor di~c 14, secured thereon. The first duality of protractor 25, a non circular one, imprinted on the underside peri~hery o~ the four strai~ht edges 9, having angular markings numbered clockwise every 5-degrees~ The four cardinal points extended inwardly 21. A course line representing magnetic north 21, is impxinted upon the base and passes ~hrough the center 24 of the ba~e 12, the centxal section of the line is not shown.
The north line 21 being designated by the capital letter N., which also divides the wor~s true, in more than one langua~e, it's center bein~ coaxially aligned with the center of the plotter's square base 12. The second duality of 360-de~ree protractors 26 is imprinted on the top8ide surface, it's diameter proportioned smaller than the distance between the most closely adjacent ones of the callbrated pro~ection La*itud~/longi~ude ~c~
45,46,47,48. The angular markings b0ing numbered clockwi~e every 5-~egree~ The four cardinal polnt~ 21 ext~nding outwardly, and I~'~
north line merging with the one of the first duality of protractor~
25, which ~lso separates the word true, inscribed in more than one language. The center of circular protractor 24 being coaxially aligned to the axis of the plotter base 12.
The only movable part of the present basic invention is the second indicator member l~ the transparent magnetic protractor disc which is rotably affixed onto the gaom~trical center 24 of the base 12 and having clockwisa an~ular markings num~ered every 5-degrees imprinte~ ~n the insids o~ the disc's 14 periphery thereon, and designated as magnetic course ~nd compass course, in more than one language. Tha diameter of the rotably magne~ic protractor dlsc 14 being proportioned slightly larger than the diameter of the second duality of protractors 26, imprinted on the fir~t in~icator member 12.
A large aperture hole 56, in the geometrical center i~ used as a r~ceptacle ior the large diameter eyel0t/fastner 22. The rotably magnetic pro~ractor disc being coated to preven~ eventual rotational streaks.
The second indic~tor member 14, having ~urther an arcuate zero-center correction scale 27, ~ocated at ths ls~er central periphery, includes a~ east-variation scale 29 extending rightwardly from the zero-mark 52, to the 50-d~gree mark and a we~t-variation ~cale 30, extending leftwardly from the zero-mark 52, to the 50-~egree mark (0 to 30-dQgr~e sho~n). Directlon of rotation indicators are in~cribed in cooperative relationship with the rotably magnetic protractor di~c, whereby thc zero-center c~rrection scale 52, can be u~ed to m~nually correct for e~fect~ of magnetic ~ariation, compass deviation and dri~t correction, they are marked accordingly in more than one language.
The second indicator ~ember 14, having it's di~meter proportion~d i~
a manner allowing the overlappin0 o~ it~ angular gra~uation~ ~2, over those of the second plurality o~ pr~tractor~ 26 imprinted on the first indicator member 12. This overlapping creates a visual effect when t~e rotably magnetic protractor disc 14 i9 rotated.
This vi~ual effect called Moire, i8 incorporated in the plotter 10 and occurs when the equispaced parallel angular lines of the rotably magnetic protractor disc 15 are superimpos~d and rotated over the fixed circular protractor ~6 imprinted on the first indicator member 12, "beat" frin~es or "weave" action appear by the gradual darkening and lighteni~g of the space ~etween the angular line marking~ This feature allows hairline alignment of the angular graduations of both prot~actors 15,26.
The third indicator me~ber of the present invention fig ~, the compass deYiation plate 16, i8 used for marking and displaying compa~s correction values corre~ponding to various courses particular t~ each ve~sel. Thi~ arrangement features a new system for recording and displayi~g the compass correction tables. The third indicator member 16, i~ then semi-PermanentlY affixed unto the square recess on the underside of the irst indicator member 12 with double sided clear a~hesive ta~e. The co~pass deviat~on plate lnclude~ a longitudinal area ~0, reces~ ~rom it~ fo~r si~es 9, in a manner allowing this area to be a~jaeent to the fir~t plurality of protractors 25 on the plotter's s~uare base 12. The compass deviati~n values are marked in the allocated area 32, with permanent ink at increments o~ 15-degrees Th~e 15~degree markings further indicate Easterly or Westerly rotation 33,30, in cooperative relationship with the rotably maynetic protractor di~c 14. The alloca~ed area is furthor identlfied by E.DE~.+ and - W.DEV. on either side of the north-south line at the 360~degree mark an~ at the 180-degree mark of the tr~nsparent plotter's ~quare ba~e 12.
The third lndicator member 16, of th~ pr~sent i~v~nti~ 10 furth~r provides an alloca~ed area ~or marklng, with a ~ermanent ink marker, the name 34 and registration number 35 of the sailing cra~t or pl ane.
The fourth indicator me~ber 1~ ~ig 3, of the present invention 10, ~eatures a new sy~tem for mea~uring a geographical position and distance on a chart, through the use of interchangeabls calibrated Latitude/longitude scale plates which appropriately represents the ~ailing chart to b~ used and which is identi~ied by the chart's project$on scale 53, e.g, 1:639,400 at Latitude 29-degrees north.
Imprinted alorlg the inside periphery are; 3 Latitude scales 45,46,47, l lon~itude scale 4~ and a plurality of hor~zontal and vertical grid lines 17,19, ~hich are parallel to the North-South and ths East-Weæt dlrection of the chart's grid lines. T~e grid lines on the ~ourth indicator m~mber 18, also represent calibr~ted d~stance lines which are mea~ured at th~ chart~s pro~ected parallel o~ Latitude. They are also used to align the plotter to either the parallel o~ Latitude or the meridian of longitude on the chart.
These grid lines 17,19, are interrupted by a clear circumferential area 55, occupied by the ~ngular markings of the second duality of protractors 26, on the plotter' 8 square base 12 and ~he rotably magnetic ~rotractor di~c 14. The ~ourth indicator mem~er l~, is attached through its g~ometrical center hole 56, by the ma~nifier/eyelet/snap-fa~tenQr ~Z and snugly ~itted unto tha u~eræide rece~s of the plotter's square base 12. Thiæ new ~ystem ~or measuring distance an~ ~eo~raphical position on a chart, through the use of intarchangeable calibrated Latitude/longitude ~cale plate~ lB, precludes the us~ o~ navigatlon tools and the Latitude and longitude s~al~. Considerable time and e~fort is thus saved slnce the need to un~old the chart to access the Latitude and longitude scale~ imprlnted on the chart sides, is no longer re~uired.
, The present invention pro~ide3 a fi~th lndicator member ~lg 4, a multi-purpos2 ~astening device 22, made of optically clear pla~tic, allowing guicX removal and reassembly of its cQmpsnents.
This fastening device or magnifier/eyelet/snap-fastener, comprises;
a large magnifying lens 23 which ~acilitates the positioning of the plotter upon the chart. This magnifying lens 23 is perforated ~y a hole 24 which facilitates the fine positioniny of the plotter upon the point of departure on the chart and which allows the tip of a 0,5mm lead pencil to be passed trough. The magnifier/eyelet/snap-fa~tener 22, having a diameter relatively large provides the proper friction and drag, to ~he rotably magnetic protractor disc 14 from turning freely relative to the plotter's s~uare base 12. Thi~
inno~vative approach to simultaneously fastening all components together and preventing free rotation of the rotably magnetic protractor disc by the ma~ni~ier/eyelet/snap-fastener, precludes the need of an a~xiliary f~stening device~ as i~ presently used on some plotters.
The sixth indicator member ~ig. 5,7, includes an exten~ion rulerthairline, ver~ion 1, fig.5, for drawing ~ cour~e line and ~or laying off a course line in a speciiic direction, to t~ice the length of the base's ~traight edges. Said ruler~hairl1ne is optional becau~e navigation plotting can be done iust as well without it. The ~xtension ruler~hairline cros~es a pluralit~ o~
scales precludin~ the mental re~ention of an int~rsecting line ac~oss a plurality of ~cales. If the use of said extsnsion ruler/hairline i8 pre~erred for plotting operation, it can easily be installed by adapting it on the magnifier/eyslet/snap-fastener 22, and held i~ place by a slide brake 54. In version 1 the magnifying len~ 50, is incorporated and located at where the hairline 37, and the plurzlity o~ scales 25,26,15, on the plotter are intersected.
The edge 49, of the extension ruler 20, can be graduated 87, in centimeter and inche~ or any other measuring option, and can be used ~or plotting or for non plotting measurements.
In keeping with the concept o~ a ~ot~l fle~ plotter, th~
extension rul~ar/hairline version 2, fig,7,8, can b~ extende~ to twice the length, or any length in between, o~ either one of the plotter's 4 straight edges, 9. Once the course-line has been drawn, tha extension ruler can be retracted and confined to ~he plotter dimensions.
The seventh indicator member ~ig. 9,10, the "leeway/driit vector"
attachment 7, make~ possib~e through manual method and triangular vector diagram, the plotting o~ any v~ctor such as; the course to steer and speed to use, the course to make good and speed made good, the course steered and speed through the water, the course made good and speed made good, and the set and drift.
The triangular vector diagram consi~t of more than one vector drawn to the same scale and reference, and in correct position relativa to each other ~or plotting any combination of vector or vectors.
Said "leeway/drift vector~ attachment 7, comprises 5 individual members Indicator member 1, course steered/set, and speed through the water/ drift, 75. Indicator member 2; course made good/course to make good, and speed made good, 76. Indicator member 3 set/cour~e to steer, and speed to u~e/dri~t, 78. Member 4; rstably protractor disk: cour~e steered/ course to s~eer~set, 93. Member 5;
slider and the large diameter halrline ~astener, 91. Indicator m~mbers 75 and 76, are coaxially centered and assembled to~ether by a special ri~g (not shown), which i~ mounted and locked by the slide brake 54 fig.5, on the fifth indicator member; the e~elet/ ~astener 22~ on the multi-purpose navigation plotter lU, of the present invention.
All components oi the pr~sent invention comprise a fairly lar~e aperture hole 56, all being equal in size and coaxially aligned with the geometrical axis 24 of the base 12. ~he close fit of the large aperture hole, o~ the second indicator member, thè rotary magnatic protractor disc 14, with the large diameter o~ ~he m~gni~ier/eyelet/~nap-~a~ten~r 2~, cr~ate~ ~he neces~ry fric~lon and drag ~or preventing ~ree ro~ation of the rotably magneti~
protraGtor disc and precludes the use o~ an auxillary fastening device.
Th~ following is a desoription and e~planation of the naYigational use of the plotter by a ship.
In the illustrative operation the ~hip's sailing area is in the Sea of Cortes, near Latitude 029-degre~ North and longit~de 112~degree We~t.
The first navigatiQnal operation to be described will be that o~
determining the ~hip's "cnrrected compass" course, for the æhip to be steered, in course~ from a point of departure A, toward the desired destination B, the factors of variation and deviation ~aing accsunted for in the correction.
Accordingly, a cour~e line A-B is to be drawn, using one of the straight edges 9, interconnecting the ~oints o~ departure A and destination B on the chart~
The optlonal exten6ion ruler~hairline 20, Figure 5 and 7, is not required at this ~ime ~ince course~line h-B i~ within the len~th of strai~ht edge 9 Re~erring to Figur~ 1, the naYigatOr first places plotter 1~ on the chart, and attention i~ ~iven in the po~itionin~ of the central aperture 24 9~ indicator member 12 sver the ~oint of departure A, regardl~s~ of navigation plotter 10 alia,nment relativ~ to the chart. Plotter 10 being transparent facilitates a rough positioning while th~ fi~th i~dicator ~em~er; ~agnifier/ayelet/snap-fastener 22, having a magnifying central portion 23 allows for a fine positioning of the point of departur~ A. Introducing a 0,5 mm lead pencil throu~h the central aperture 24 allow~ the pinning down of the navigation plotter 10 to the point of departure A. While hol~ing the pencil firmly perpendicular to the chart, plotter 10 is rotated thr~ugh it's center until eit~r ons G~ th~ ~our ~rai~ht edges 9, or the north-~outh ~rid lin~s 17, or the e~3~-we~t grid lines l9 on the fourth ln~icator mem~er 1~ lgree~) ~i~ure 3, whi~h is the ~IprojectioR scale plate", i8 align~d with the parallel of Latitude lines, east-west, or meridian of longitude lines, north-south, on the chart.
Next, the cour~e reading or true bearing for the intended cour~e is determined ~y reading the intersection point 66, of the intended course-line A-B, on the straight protractor 25 ~black) or the circular protractor 26 (red) on member 12.
Once the true bearin~ has been established, which for illustrative operation is 68-degrees, the navigation plotter 10 can ~e p$cked-up and the subsequ~nk ~perations are done without t~e need of holding i* steady on the chart.
Next, the local magnetic variation corrQction is to be applied, a~
now explained. Firstly, the variation corractio~ is noted a~
printed on the compass rose on the chart, which is seen ~o ba 12-degree~ 22-~inutes East, for 1980, rounded o~f to 12-degree, while the annual change is 5-minutes West.
Secondly, mem~es 14 ~red~, which is the magnetic rotably protractor disc, is rotated in a clockwise direction as indicated by arrows 29, in an aasterly direction, until the an~ular markings 27 of 12-degree, lines up with the north-sou~h lîne 28 on the lower s~ction 66 A, o~ the fir~t indicat~r me~ber 12.
Thirdly, the annual varia~ion change being 5-~inute~ West since 1980, a~ds up to 50-minutes for 19~0, rounded-off ~o l-degree WPst.
Member 14 (red) is now rotated in a counterclockwise direction a~
indicated by arrow 30, ~or a westerly direction of l-degree, thu~
resulting in a magnetic variation o~ degrees East, 6SA.
T~e visual e~ect called Moire ~2, in~orporated in the p}ot~er ~llow8 hairli~e accuracy of angular line alignment o~ both protractor scalP~ 26 (blac~) and 15 ~red). A ~ractional rotation of the ~econd indicator member 14, as ~een on ~cale 15, will create "beat" ~ringes or "weave" action ~y the gradual darkening and ....
lightenin~ o~ ~he space b~tw~en ~he angular line maxkings o~ ~cal~s 26 ~nd 15. No shadlng thereYore meaning hairllne allgnment o~
angular lines.
Member 14 has ~een now eorrected for magnetic vari~tion, accordingly, simultaneous interconversions is done visually since the true angular scale 26 is opposite the magnetic angular scale 15.
The true cour~e heading of cour~e line ~-B ~ei~g 68-degrees, is located on scale 26 and carrying across to the magnetic scale 15, yielding 57-degree magnetic, 66.
Fourthly, compass correctlon must be applied to the magnetic course. To do this atte~tion should be yiven to the compass correction plate 16 (blue) Fi~ure 2. The k~own compass d~viation 32, as give~ by a compass ad~ustor, was previously marked with a fine tipped permanent ink marker, at every 15-degrees markings 31, and should ~e done each time ~he compass is adju~ted. Once the compass correction data has been entered on memb~r 16 (blue); the compass deviation plate is then fastened in recess 13 under member 12, by means of preYiously attached double sided adhesive tape 40 and th~nce become~ a~ inte~ral part o~ navigat$on plotter 10.
Accordingly, compass deviation value in area 32, corresponding to 57-degree magnetic is found by interronverting the 57-degree mark of scale 15, to scale 26 ana to soale 25, yielding 2 degree and since the interval marking~ 31 ~how a right ~o left indicating arrow and furt~r de~cribed as - W. DEV. member 14 ~ust be rotated in a counter clockwise 30 direction, for 2-degrees 27, aligning it 66 at the north-south hairllne 28. Thus reading on scale 15 across from th~ 68-de~ree true heading on ~cales 25 and 26, yields 59-degree "correcte~ compass" course, 66.
Now that membar 14 has been set for the "corrected cQmpass~
course, this setting can remain on the plott~r so long as the chart in question i~ used. There is no need to constantly r~-calcul~te the variation every time there is a chan~e in the vessel's course heading, o~ly the compa~ deviation may need to be re-applied.
There is no tlghtening knob or screw to fasten the magnetic rotably lc~
protractor disc, member 14. Furthermore, there i~ no need ~or cumbersome long ~rms to pro~rude and easily knocked ou$ of po~ltion~
The extension ruler/hairl~ne; the ~ixth indicator member 20 Fig~re 5 and 7, is introduced at this time to permit a reciprocal bearing to be taken for the illustrativ~ operation above. It is an optional member ~ince all navigation operations can be done as well without it. 5ince there is no need ~or drawing a course-line or for laying o~f a coursa-line longer than the langth of the base's straight ed~e~ 9~ For those who prefer a ~olid reference line across the plurality of scales, 26, 25 and 15, in~tead of a mental visualization o~ it, the extension ruler/hairline version 1 or ver~ion ~ can be u~ed. Ver~ion 1 Figure ~, i8 used ~or the abov~
operation. It is de~cribed aæ follow.
Pu~hing ~ e 54 alonq tracks 54B toward the center aperture 56 of member 20, spread~ gap 54A allowing elbow 39 to be engaged on top of magnifier/eyelet/s~ap-iastener 2Z. Slide 54 is n~w moved back allowing the exten~ion ruler to r~tated. The straight edg~ 36 intersects the 68-degre~s true the original course heading, on scale and where ~air-line 37 on the built-in magnif~ing len~e 50 inter~ects scale 26 and 59-degree compass cou~se on ~cale 15. It i6 then locked in place by pu~hing the slide brake 54 further away from tha canter aperture 56. Acco~dingly, the reclprocal hair line 38 intersects the 239-degree mark on scale 15, for a reciprocal "corrected compass" course heading a~d intersects a~ well the 248-de~ree6 mark on scale 26, for a rec~procal ~rue bearing. Graduati~n 87 on edge 49 are in centimeters starting at the geometrical center 56. Another feature incorporated on member 20 is an eraæable area 11, for writing pertinent notes with a lead pencil.
The exten~ion ruler/hairline, the e~tendable version 2; member 20a Figure 7, can be used ln~tea~ of ver~ion 1. It can he retracted and no protruding arm to deal with. It is engaged on eyelet ~2 with slide 54 pu~hed t~ward the center a~erture 56 clearing elbo~
39. It is then rotated and alig~ed to the couxs~ line and locked hy pu~hing slide 54 fur~her away from center 56. The sliaing p~rt 82 is pulled out over tracks 83 and 86 until it reaches the limit stop 84, or any length in between, against shoulder 85. Hairline/edge 36 may be graduate~ in centimeters, with the zero mark at the end of the ruler, whereas graduation 87 on the opposite edge 49, has its zero mark at the geometrical center of aperture 56. Graduations on member 20 is illustrative and not limited to centimeters, other measurement applications can be used.
The second navigational operatiQn to be desoribed wil~ be that of datermining the distance, without the use of the traditional dividers and without the use o~ the Latitude scales imprinted sn the right and left ~ordars of the chart. Thls is accomplished by the introduction o~ an innovativ~ new system which uses cali~rated projection plate~ 18 (green) Figure 3, which will be available and sold in ~he same manner a~ are curre~t, air and marine charts, Each calibrated projection plate 18 when not needed, is stored in its own storage envelope and i~ ~lued with the ~elf-adhesive backing to its particular chart below the chart's name and project~on number.
Due to the general arrangement of a multi-structural nature, the cal~brated projection plates 18 can be easily removed and replaced as required in the follow.ing ~anner; lifting one side of the plotter with the left ha~d while the opposite side of the plotter re~ts on a flat surface. Pressure is applied with the right index fin~er on lens 23, until magnifier/eyelet/snap-fa~tener 22 bottom section 22A comes apart. The projection plate 18 ls then removed and replaced with the appropriate ~ne, identi$ied by the imprinted parallel of Latitude 53.
1~
~n the illustrative operation the ship's ~ailin~ ~rea is in the Sea of Cortes, near Latitude Z9-degree North and longitude 112-degree West a~d the distance to be measured i~ from the point o~
departura A toward the desired destinatlon B on the chart.
The navigator must first chose one of the three calibrated Latitude scales, 45, 46 and 47, on tha fourth indicator member 18. Each calibrated scale representing one degree and is divided in 60 minutes. Each minute representing one marlne mile (U.S. chart is used). The 29-degree Latitude scale 46 is chosen and is placed over and aligned with the intended course line A-B. ~ole 42, the zero mark for scale 46, is moved over the point of departure A and pined down by the insertion of the 0,5 mm lead pencil onto the chart. The intersection of the destination point B wit~ the graduation on scal~ 46, represen~s the distance in what ever measuring system the chart is using. In the illustrative operation th~ measured distance is 49.5 marine miles. There i8 ns need for unfoldin~ the chart to access the Latitude scales and there is no need ~or any of the many distance scal~s used for air and marine charts of different pro~ections and of different m asurement systems, which are usually cluttered on other types of plottsrs..
The third navigational operation to be de~cribed will ba that of determinin~ the position of the ship' 8 destination point B on the chart. Thi~ operation i8 done ~ithout the use of the dividers or the Latituda and longitude scal~ imprinted on the ~orders of the marine chart, thus makin~ unfolding of ~he chart unnecessary.
Mea~uring the coordinates o~ destina~ion point B is ~one by using the ~alibrated projection plate, member 18 ~green3 Figure 3.
Vis~al observation of de~tina~ion point B, will indicate which parallel of Latitude and which meridian of longitude are closest to point B. I~ our illustrative operation, destination point 8 iæ
closest to the 29-degree parallel o~ Latitude north and the 112.0-degrees meridian of longitude We~t.
In order to find the Latitude of destination point B, the navigator place~ the 29-degree Latitude scale 46 o~ member 18 with th~ z~
mark 42 aligned with the 29-degree parallel of L~titude line on the chart. ~he inter~ection of the point of destination B with the graduation mark of the Latitude ~cale 46 on member 18, is directly read in minu~es of Latitude. In the illustrative operation the Latitude is ~9-degrea 14.5 minutes North.
In order to ~ind the longitude o~ destination point B, the navigator selects the longitude scale 48 on member 18, and the zero mark 41 is aligned with the 112-degree meridian of longitude line on the chart. The intersection of the point of destination B on the chart with the gradu~tion mark of the longitude scale 48 is directly read, from right to left, in minutes of lon~itudes. In the illustrative operation, the longitude is 11~-degrea 1.0 minutes West.
The fourth navigational operation to be described will be that of determining 1- the course made ~ood and ~peed made good, and 2-the cvurse t~ steer and speed to use, ~or headings from the point of departure A toward th~ desired destination B. The factors oi the combined elements such as; se~, dri~t and leeway, are expressed a~ current. ~o other navigation tools are requires except for the optional indicator m~mbe~ 7; the "leeway/drift vector~ attachment.
Referring to ~igure 9, member 91; the ~l~der, is moveable over indicator member 75. Indi~ator m~mber 93; the rotably protractor is affi~ed to the geometrical c~nter of slider 31, whil~ indicator member 78 i8 a~ixed to the rotably protractor 93 and sl~d~r/hairline 91, throu~h its zero mark by the large diameter ~airline/~astener 92. Indlcator member 75; course steered 58, has a longitudinal center direction line 60 graduated in centimeters 67 imprinted thereto. Graduation starting at ~ centimeters for a length of ~0 centimeter~, repre~enting speed through water 59 in marine miles.
Indlcator meldber 76; course made good 6~, has a longitudinal centsr direction lins ~8, graduated in centimeters, 70, imprinted thereto. ~adu~tion starting at 2 centimeter~ f~r a length o~ 20 centimeters and representing speed made good, 63. 1ndicator member 78; the eet 65 and drift 7~, has a longitu~inal center dlrectio~
line 64, graduated in çentimeter~ 69 imprinted thereto. Graduation starting at 1 centimeter, ~or a length of ~0 centimeters, r~presenting drift.
The following description will allow the navigator to engages thP
seventh indicator member; the "leeway/drift vector" attac~ent 7, on magni~ier~eyelet/snap-fastener 22 by pushing slide 54 toward the center 5~ clearing elbow 39 and then pushin~ it back for free rotation. To lock, sli~e 5~ i~ moved further away from the center aperture 56. Since each indicator member has a duality of functions, attention should b~ given to the color imprint, green and red, of the ~unctional n~mes an each indicator member, and should be matched for the subsequent operation.
In the first illu~trative exam~1e, the ship has been ~ollowing a course o~ 80-~egree at a speed o~ 10 knots, the current having a set of 140-degree ~nd a drift of 2 knots. Required are: 1- the course made good and 2- the speed made good. The color ~cheme is green ~d 18 matched throu~hout this operation. ~em~er 7S; course steer~d 5~ (green), ls rota~ed and its longitudinal center li~e 60 is ali~nQd over the 80-de~ree mark 6~ of scale 26 on plotter 10. The sp~ed of the vessel being 10 knots, me~ber 91; ~he slider/hairline, is mov~d so that hairli~ 94 coincîde with the 10 graduation mark 67 on member 75, representin~ ~peed through the water 5~, of the ve~sel. Mem~er 93, ~he rotably protrac~ar disk, is rotated to coincide with the 80-degree mark, the ~hip's steering course 66, and center line 60 on member 75. The set, current direction, b2ing 140-de~ree, member 78; tne set 65 lgreen), is rotated to the 1~0-degree mark 66B, on thQ rotably protractor disc 93. The course made yood, is found by aliyning member 76; c~nter line 68 to the 2 mark 66D on member 78, representin~ dri~t, 72. Center lîne 68 o~
member 76, intersects the 89-degree mark 66C, the course made good, on scale 26 on plo~er lO, The cen~r lin~ 64 on memb~r 78, i~ lnters~cted by ce~ter line 68 o~ member 76 a the 2 knot graduatsd mark 69. The speed made good 66D i~ reaa of~ ~he gradu~ted center line 68 on member 76 which is 11.4 knots.
In the second illustrative example, the captain of a ship wants to make good a course o~ 45-degree at a speed of 10 knots, the set beiny llO-degree and drift being 3.5 knots. Reguired are; l-th2 course to steer and, 2- the ~peed to use. The color scheme is red and is matched throughout this operation Figure 10. The course made good beiny 45-degr~e, member 76; course to make good 71 (red), center line ~8 is aligned ~n the 45-degree mark 66 on ~cale 26 and on plotter 10. The ~et, current direction, being l~0-degree member 75; set 77 (red~, center line 60 i~3 lined up tc> the 11~-degree ~nark 66A on scale 25 and 26 Oll plotter 10. The dri~t, current speed, being 3.5 knots member 91; slider/hairline is mo~ed 80 that hairline g4 is lined up ~o the 3.5 kno~ mark 66B on member 75. Mem~er 93; the ro~ably protractor disk, is rotated to coinci~e with the llO-degree mark 66A, the set of the current, and center line 60 on member 75. The speed ma~e good b~ing lO X~ots, member 78; course to steer 73 (red) is ~ow rotated, ali~ning its ce~ter line 64 at the graduation mark 10 66C, on member 76. The course ~o steer 66D, is ~ead off at th~ i~tersection o~ center line 64, memb2r 78, ana the ~ngular marking 81 on membe~ 93; the rotably protractor di~k, which is 23-de~ree, 66D.
The speed to use 66C, ls read o~f a~ the interæection of member 78 cen~er line 64 and the 10 knot gradua~ion mar~ on mem~er 76 yielding 9.2 ~knot~) 66C, on member 7~.
'~
- The general structural arrangement of thi~ invention particularly the multi-layered structure, and the int~rchangea~ility and the detachability of its components allows simple, complQte and direct chart plotting, converting "true" values t~ "compa~s corrected" value~ and vice versa.
The interchanaeability of compon~nts adapts this plotter to local geographical areas in which the craft is navigating. The interchangeability feature also allows dirQct geographical distance measurQments and direct coord~nates r~a~in~ and measurements in Latitude and Lo~gitude of ~eo~raphical position~, The ~etachability feature of this plotter, incorporates the flex~billty of ~$tachme~t of the leeway/drift vector and the "extension ruler/hairlin~". The~e attachments ~re locked-on individually and separat~ly on the ~pecial ~astener. The "leeway/drift vector" attachment allows plottin~ o~ any navigation vect~r~ whereas the "exten~ion rule~/hairline" attachment is used for longer di~tanc~ measurements and when hairline reference is preferred to vi3ual hol~in~ prac~ice.
-Navigation plotting as it is practiced at the present time i~
seldom performed with accuracy. Because of the many variabl~s involved; meAsurements, lnt~rpretations, calculations of geogra-phical variable data, the intri~s$c de~ign limitations o$ the multiple plotting instruments n~eded, chart folding and small or non e~istent chart table ~pace, are factors that ar~ known to introduce human error.
Accuracy in plotting any navigation operation on a chart to a "corrected com~ass~ headlng of a ship, is therefore affected by one's ability to correctly apply the correction factors of local magnetic variation, compass deviation particular to each vessel or aircraft, drift correction caused by; wind, leeway and current through the water and Latitude/Longitude scales measurements.
Due to their engineering limitations, protractors commercially available are classified a~ "conversion" types and can only perform a single operation. Therefore other i~struments must be used in perfor~ing the rest o~ the required oparations inh~rent to nav~gation plotting. The dividers is one instrume~t still needed ~or makin~ di~tance an~ coordinates measurements, using the Latitude and Longitude scales imprinted on the sides of charts. The divider also affect the lif~ usage of navigation charts due to the wear the chart undergoes being repeatedly punctured by the divider's sharp metal point~. Life usage oi navigation charts i8 further shortened b~ the unavoidable un~oldi~ ana folding o~ these charts, a practic~ deemea necessary ~or ac~essi~ the Latitude ~nd Longitude scaleæ.
It has al80 been a ~ouxce o~ ~m~rou~ accide~ts at ~ea. The stabbing o~ the foot and arm when the divider ~lides off the chart tahle when the cra~t is lively.
- I have found that the problem~ encountered in navi~ation plotting u~ing multiple manually operable in~trume~ts, are eliminated by incorporating the required ele~ents into a sin~le instrument. The general ~truetural arrangement o~ this invention, allow~ navigation plotting without the need ~or calculations or ~or the use of other instruments.
The "basic" multi-purpose navigation plotter of the present invention allow~ simpli~iad nAvigation plotting, having only one movable c~mponent. Th~ required navigation operations is p~rformQd in one continuous process.
The conversion for a particular heading fr~m "true" to nmagnetic" ~o "compas~ corrected" values are obtained through the relationship of the fixed and rotational protractors of the rotably disk and square "base". "Magnetic variation" data is obtained from charts whereas the "compas~ correction" information is ob~ained from data marked on the added "compass correction platen. ~his arrangement eliminates the need ~or arithmetic calculations, compas~ rose~, compass correction tables and the assortments of manual navigation inst~uments.
By adding the air/marine "projection plate" the geographical distance of two Polnts and the coordinates of ~ geographical position can be measured. The interchangeable 'lair/marine projection plate" display~ Latitude and Longitude scales which represent the local geographical area. It is replaced for each new location the craft is intended to navigate. The set of dividers, the Latitude and Longitude ~cales and the folding of charts to access the Latitude and Longitude scales are ~o longer required.
The '7compass correction plate" and the air/mari~e 'lprojection plate~
are affixed into the square recsss on the underside of the plotter n base".
The interchangeability o~ the components customiz~s the plotter to the Skipp~-r~ name, color preferenca, and to the vessel's char~cteristic8, compas~ correction table, reyistration number and home port~
With the detachability feature of this plottar, tha optional "extension ruler/hairli~e" and the "leeway/dr-ft vector"
attachment~ are individually and separately locked-on on the special ~astener by a ~lide-lock which allows each attac~ment to freely rotate and locked ~hen nee~ed.
With the "extension ruler/hairline" attachment, navigation operations which re~uire ~reater length than the "base's" square sides can be made and also when the use of a movable hairline in~tead of a visu~l reference is preferred for readi~g angul~r units across a plurality of protractors.
Navigation operations to he accurate must also include dri~t correction caused by; wind, leeway and current through the water.
The drif~ correction must be repeatedly calculated for each change of course the craft is undertaking, a process seldom practiced by navigators. With the "leeway~drift vector" attachment, a "function to color" matching system i~ incorporated allowing rapid plotting of any vector such as; the course to steer/speed to use, the cour~e to make good/speed made good, the ~ourse steered/speed through the water, the course made good/ speed made good, and th~ set/dri~t with the ~a~tors of; wind, leeway and current through the ~ater having been accaunted for.
The multi-purpose naviga~ion plotter of the present invention eliminates the use and practice of parallel-rule, dividers, triangles, arithmetic and geometrical calculations, compass roses, compass correction tables, Latituda an~ longitude scales, navigation table and the unfolding and folding of navigation charts.
The only additional tool n~eded with this plotter is a 0,5 mm lead pencil.
-"In drawings whlch illu~trate embodiments of the invention.
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the navigation plotter accQrding to the invention.
Figure 2 Is a plan view of a third in~icator ~ber of the ~avigation plotter accordi~g to the lnvention.
~igure 3 i8 a plan view of a four~h indicator member of the navigation plotter according ~o the invention.
Figure 4 is a cros~ sectional view of the fifth indicator member of the na~i~ation plotter according to the invention.
Figure 5- I~ a top plan view of the optional sixth indicator member, the ~extension ruler/ ~airline", version ~ne oi the navigation plot~er aceording to the invention.
Figure 6- Is a cross æectional view of the locki~g device o~ the ~ptional si~th lndicator member, the "extension ruler~ hairlinen, version one and version two, and of the seventh indicator member o~
the navigation plotter according to the invention.
Figure 7- I~ a top plan view of the optional sixth indicator mamber, the "extension ruler/ hairline", version two of the navigation plotter acoording to the invention.
,,.," ~
Figure 8- Is a crsss sectional end YieW of ~he optio~al ~ixth indicator me~ber version two o~ FigurA 7 o~ the navig~tion plotter according to the invention.
Figure 9- Is a plan view of the optional seventh indicator ~em~r, the "leeway/drift vector" attachment showing t~a locklng slide and slot on member 76. of th~ navigation plotter according to the invention.
Figure 10- Is a plan view of the optional seventh indicator member, the "leeway/drift vector" attachment. For clarity pUrpQs2 the locking device, part of member 76 is not shown on the navigation plotter according to the invention.
For clari~ication purposes, some details on plotter 10 are omitted in the accompanying drawings.
The assembled plotter 10, Fig.l, of the present invention comprises;
a first indicator member 12; a visually clear and unobstructed flexible or ~emi rigid, hard surfaced base; comprising multiple 8~raight ed~es, only four aide shown, beveled on top 9. The underside surface having a s~uare recess allowing snug fit~ing to a duality of plates, the plotter's square base further comprising four registration holss 41,42,43,44, rep~esentin~ the zero mark for each LatitudeJlongitude scales 45,46,47,48, for every interchangeable calibrated La~itude~lon~itude projection plates 18 fig 3. A large aperture hole 56 in the geometrical center of the plotter ba~e lZ, is u~ed as a receptacle for the large diameter eyelet/fastner 22. A duality of 360-degree protractors 25,26, are impri~ted unto the base 12, in cooperative relationship with the ro~ably magnetic protractor di~c 14, secured thereon. The first duality of protractor 25, a non circular one, imprinted on the underside peri~hery o~ the four strai~ht edges 9, having angular markings numbered clockwise every 5-degrees~ The four cardinal points extended inwardly 21. A course line representing magnetic north 21, is impxinted upon the base and passes ~hrough the center 24 of the ba~e 12, the centxal section of the line is not shown.
The north line 21 being designated by the capital letter N., which also divides the wor~s true, in more than one langua~e, it's center bein~ coaxially aligned with the center of the plotter's square base 12. The second duality of 360-de~ree protractors 26 is imprinted on the top8ide surface, it's diameter proportioned smaller than the distance between the most closely adjacent ones of the callbrated pro~ection La*itud~/longi~ude ~c~
45,46,47,48. The angular markings b0ing numbered clockwi~e every 5-~egree~ The four cardinal polnt~ 21 ext~nding outwardly, and I~'~
north line merging with the one of the first duality of protractor~
25, which ~lso separates the word true, inscribed in more than one language. The center of circular protractor 24 being coaxially aligned to the axis of the plotter base 12.
The only movable part of the present basic invention is the second indicator member l~ the transparent magnetic protractor disc which is rotably affixed onto the gaom~trical center 24 of the base 12 and having clockwisa an~ular markings num~ered every 5-degrees imprinte~ ~n the insids o~ the disc's 14 periphery thereon, and designated as magnetic course ~nd compass course, in more than one language. Tha diameter of the rotably magne~ic protractor dlsc 14 being proportioned slightly larger than the diameter of the second duality of protractors 26, imprinted on the fir~t in~icator member 12.
A large aperture hole 56, in the geometrical center i~ used as a r~ceptacle ior the large diameter eyel0t/fastner 22. The rotably magnetic pro~ractor disc being coated to preven~ eventual rotational streaks.
The second indic~tor member 14, having ~urther an arcuate zero-center correction scale 27, ~ocated at ths ls~er central periphery, includes a~ east-variation scale 29 extending rightwardly from the zero-mark 52, to the 50-d~gree mark and a we~t-variation ~cale 30, extending leftwardly from the zero-mark 52, to the 50-~egree mark (0 to 30-dQgr~e sho~n). Directlon of rotation indicators are in~cribed in cooperative relationship with the rotably magnetic protractor di~c, whereby thc zero-center c~rrection scale 52, can be u~ed to m~nually correct for e~fect~ of magnetic ~ariation, compass deviation and dri~t correction, they are marked accordingly in more than one language.
The second indicator ~ember 14, having it's di~meter proportion~d i~
a manner allowing the overlappin0 o~ it~ angular gra~uation~ ~2, over those of the second plurality o~ pr~tractor~ 26 imprinted on the first indicator member 12. This overlapping creates a visual effect when t~e rotably magnetic protractor disc 14 i9 rotated.
This vi~ual effect called Moire, i8 incorporated in the plotter 10 and occurs when the equispaced parallel angular lines of the rotably magnetic protractor disc 15 are superimpos~d and rotated over the fixed circular protractor ~6 imprinted on the first indicator member 12, "beat" frin~es or "weave" action appear by the gradual darkening and lighteni~g of the space ~etween the angular line marking~ This feature allows hairline alignment of the angular graduations of both prot~actors 15,26.
The third indicator me~ber of the present invention fig ~, the compass deYiation plate 16, i8 used for marking and displaying compa~s correction values corre~ponding to various courses particular t~ each ve~sel. Thi~ arrangement features a new system for recording and displayi~g the compass correction tables. The third indicator member 16, i~ then semi-PermanentlY affixed unto the square recess on the underside of the irst indicator member 12 with double sided clear a~hesive ta~e. The co~pass deviat~on plate lnclude~ a longitudinal area ~0, reces~ ~rom it~ fo~r si~es 9, in a manner allowing this area to be a~jaeent to the fir~t plurality of protractors 25 on the plotter's s~uare base 12. The compass deviati~n values are marked in the allocated area 32, with permanent ink at increments o~ 15-degrees Th~e 15~degree markings further indicate Easterly or Westerly rotation 33,30, in cooperative relationship with the rotably maynetic protractor di~c 14. The alloca~ed area is furthor identlfied by E.DE~.+ and - W.DEV. on either side of the north-south line at the 360~degree mark an~ at the 180-degree mark of the tr~nsparent plotter's ~quare ba~e 12.
The third lndicator member 16, of th~ pr~sent i~v~nti~ 10 furth~r provides an alloca~ed area ~or marklng, with a ~ermanent ink marker, the name 34 and registration number 35 of the sailing cra~t or pl ane.
The fourth indicator me~ber 1~ ~ig 3, of the present invention 10, ~eatures a new sy~tem for mea~uring a geographical position and distance on a chart, through the use of interchangeabls calibrated Latitude/longitude scale plates which appropriately represents the ~ailing chart to b~ used and which is identi~ied by the chart's project$on scale 53, e.g, 1:639,400 at Latitude 29-degrees north.
Imprinted alorlg the inside periphery are; 3 Latitude scales 45,46,47, l lon~itude scale 4~ and a plurality of hor~zontal and vertical grid lines 17,19, ~hich are parallel to the North-South and ths East-Weæt dlrection of the chart's grid lines. T~e grid lines on the ~ourth indicator m~mber 18, also represent calibr~ted d~stance lines which are mea~ured at th~ chart~s pro~ected parallel o~ Latitude. They are also used to align the plotter to either the parallel o~ Latitude or the meridian of longitude on the chart.
These grid lines 17,19, are interrupted by a clear circumferential area 55, occupied by the ~ngular markings of the second duality of protractors 26, on the plotter' 8 square base 12 and ~he rotably magnetic ~rotractor di~c 14. The ~ourth indicator mem~er l~, is attached through its g~ometrical center hole 56, by the ma~nifier/eyelet/snap-fa~tenQr ~Z and snugly ~itted unto tha u~eræide rece~s of the plotter's square base 12. Thiæ new ~ystem ~or measuring distance an~ ~eo~raphical position on a chart, through the use of intarchangeable calibrated Latitude/longitude ~cale plate~ lB, precludes the us~ o~ navigatlon tools and the Latitude and longitude s~al~. Considerable time and e~fort is thus saved slnce the need to un~old the chart to access the Latitude and longitude scale~ imprlnted on the chart sides, is no longer re~uired.
, The present invention pro~ide3 a fi~th lndicator member ~lg 4, a multi-purpos2 ~astening device 22, made of optically clear pla~tic, allowing guicX removal and reassembly of its cQmpsnents.
This fastening device or magnifier/eyelet/snap-fastener, comprises;
a large magnifying lens 23 which ~acilitates the positioning of the plotter upon the chart. This magnifying lens 23 is perforated ~y a hole 24 which facilitates the fine positioniny of the plotter upon the point of departure on the chart and which allows the tip of a 0,5mm lead pencil to be passed trough. The magnifier/eyelet/snap-fa~tener 22, having a diameter relatively large provides the proper friction and drag, to ~he rotably magnetic protractor disc 14 from turning freely relative to the plotter's s~uare base 12. Thi~
inno~vative approach to simultaneously fastening all components together and preventing free rotation of the rotably magnetic protractor disc by the ma~ni~ier/eyelet/snap-fastener, precludes the need of an a~xiliary f~stening device~ as i~ presently used on some plotters.
The sixth indicator member ~ig. 5,7, includes an exten~ion rulerthairline, ver~ion 1, fig.5, for drawing ~ cour~e line and ~or laying off a course line in a speciiic direction, to t~ice the length of the base's ~traight edges. Said ruler~hairl1ne is optional becau~e navigation plotting can be done iust as well without it. The ~xtension ruler~hairline cros~es a pluralit~ o~
scales precludin~ the mental re~ention of an int~rsecting line ac~oss a plurality of ~cales. If the use of said extsnsion ruler/hairline i8 pre~erred for plotting operation, it can easily be installed by adapting it on the magnifier/eyslet/snap-fastener 22, and held i~ place by a slide brake 54. In version 1 the magnifying len~ 50, is incorporated and located at where the hairline 37, and the plurzlity o~ scales 25,26,15, on the plotter are intersected.
The edge 49, of the extension ruler 20, can be graduated 87, in centimeter and inche~ or any other measuring option, and can be used ~or plotting or for non plotting measurements.
In keeping with the concept o~ a ~ot~l fle~ plotter, th~
extension rul~ar/hairline version 2, fig,7,8, can b~ extende~ to twice the length, or any length in between, o~ either one of the plotter's 4 straight edges, 9. Once the course-line has been drawn, tha extension ruler can be retracted and confined to ~he plotter dimensions.
The seventh indicator member ~ig. 9,10, the "leeway/driit vector"
attachment 7, make~ possib~e through manual method and triangular vector diagram, the plotting o~ any v~ctor such as; the course to steer and speed to use, the course to make good and speed made good, the course steered and speed through the water, the course made good and speed made good, and the set and drift.
The triangular vector diagram consi~t of more than one vector drawn to the same scale and reference, and in correct position relativa to each other ~or plotting any combination of vector or vectors.
Said "leeway/drift vector~ attachment 7, comprises 5 individual members Indicator member 1, course steered/set, and speed through the water/ drift, 75. Indicator member 2; course made good/course to make good, and speed made good, 76. Indicator member 3 set/cour~e to steer, and speed to u~e/dri~t, 78. Member 4; rstably protractor disk: cour~e steered/ course to s~eer~set, 93. Member 5;
slider and the large diameter halrline ~astener, 91. Indicator m~mbers 75 and 76, are coaxially centered and assembled to~ether by a special ri~g (not shown), which i~ mounted and locked by the slide brake 54 fig.5, on the fifth indicator member; the e~elet/ ~astener 22~ on the multi-purpose navigation plotter lU, of the present invention.
All components oi the pr~sent invention comprise a fairly lar~e aperture hole 56, all being equal in size and coaxially aligned with the geometrical axis 24 of the base 12. ~he close fit of the large aperture hole, o~ the second indicator member, thè rotary magnatic protractor disc 14, with the large diameter o~ ~he m~gni~ier/eyelet/~nap-~a~ten~r 2~, cr~ate~ ~he neces~ry fric~lon and drag ~or preventing ~ree ro~ation of the rotably magneti~
protraGtor disc and precludes the use o~ an auxillary fastening device.
Th~ following is a desoription and e~planation of the naYigational use of the plotter by a ship.
In the illustrative operation the ~hip's sailing area is in the Sea of Cortes, near Latitude 029-degre~ North and longit~de 112~degree We~t.
The first navigatiQnal operation to be described will be that o~
determining the ~hip's "cnrrected compass" course, for the æhip to be steered, in course~ from a point of departure A, toward the desired destination B, the factors of variation and deviation ~aing accsunted for in the correction.
Accordingly, a cour~e line A-B is to be drawn, using one of the straight edges 9, interconnecting the ~oints o~ departure A and destination B on the chart~
The optlonal exten6ion ruler~hairline 20, Figure 5 and 7, is not required at this ~ime ~ince course~line h-B i~ within the len~th of strai~ht edge 9 Re~erring to Figur~ 1, the naYigatOr first places plotter 1~ on the chart, and attention i~ ~iven in the po~itionin~ of the central aperture 24 9~ indicator member 12 sver the ~oint of departure A, regardl~s~ of navigation plotter 10 alia,nment relativ~ to the chart. Plotter 10 being transparent facilitates a rough positioning while th~ fi~th i~dicator ~em~er; ~agnifier/ayelet/snap-fastener 22, having a magnifying central portion 23 allows for a fine positioning of the point of departur~ A. Introducing a 0,5 mm lead pencil throu~h the central aperture 24 allow~ the pinning down of the navigation plotter 10 to the point of departure A. While hol~ing the pencil firmly perpendicular to the chart, plotter 10 is rotated thr~ugh it's center until eit~r ons G~ th~ ~our ~rai~ht edges 9, or the north-~outh ~rid lin~s 17, or the e~3~-we~t grid lines l9 on the fourth ln~icator mem~er 1~ lgree~) ~i~ure 3, whi~h is the ~IprojectioR scale plate", i8 align~d with the parallel of Latitude lines, east-west, or meridian of longitude lines, north-south, on the chart.
Next, the cour~e reading or true bearing for the intended cour~e is determined ~y reading the intersection point 66, of the intended course-line A-B, on the straight protractor 25 ~black) or the circular protractor 26 (red) on member 12.
Once the true bearin~ has been established, which for illustrative operation is 68-degrees, the navigation plotter 10 can ~e p$cked-up and the subsequ~nk ~perations are done without t~e need of holding i* steady on the chart.
Next, the local magnetic variation corrQction is to be applied, a~
now explained. Firstly, the variation corractio~ is noted a~
printed on the compass rose on the chart, which is seen ~o ba 12-degree~ 22-~inutes East, for 1980, rounded o~f to 12-degree, while the annual change is 5-minutes West.
Secondly, mem~es 14 ~red~, which is the magnetic rotably protractor disc, is rotated in a clockwise direction as indicated by arrows 29, in an aasterly direction, until the an~ular markings 27 of 12-degree, lines up with the north-sou~h lîne 28 on the lower s~ction 66 A, o~ the fir~t indicat~r me~ber 12.
Thirdly, the annual varia~ion change being 5-~inute~ West since 1980, a~ds up to 50-minutes for 19~0, rounded-off ~o l-degree WPst.
Member 14 (red) is now rotated in a counterclockwise direction a~
indicated by arrow 30, ~or a westerly direction of l-degree, thu~
resulting in a magnetic variation o~ degrees East, 6SA.
T~e visual e~ect called Moire ~2, in~orporated in the p}ot~er ~llow8 hairli~e accuracy of angular line alignment o~ both protractor scalP~ 26 (blac~) and 15 ~red). A ~ractional rotation of the ~econd indicator member 14, as ~een on ~cale 15, will create "beat" ~ringes or "weave" action ~y the gradual darkening and ....
lightenin~ o~ ~he space b~tw~en ~he angular line maxkings o~ ~cal~s 26 ~nd 15. No shadlng thereYore meaning hairllne allgnment o~
angular lines.
Member 14 has ~een now eorrected for magnetic vari~tion, accordingly, simultaneous interconversions is done visually since the true angular scale 26 is opposite the magnetic angular scale 15.
The true cour~e heading of cour~e line ~-B ~ei~g 68-degrees, is located on scale 26 and carrying across to the magnetic scale 15, yielding 57-degree magnetic, 66.
Fourthly, compass correctlon must be applied to the magnetic course. To do this atte~tion should be yiven to the compass correction plate 16 (blue) Fi~ure 2. The k~own compass d~viation 32, as give~ by a compass ad~ustor, was previously marked with a fine tipped permanent ink marker, at every 15-degrees markings 31, and should ~e done each time ~he compass is adju~ted. Once the compass correction data has been entered on memb~r 16 (blue); the compass deviation plate is then fastened in recess 13 under member 12, by means of preYiously attached double sided adhesive tape 40 and th~nce become~ a~ inte~ral part o~ navigat$on plotter 10.
Accordingly, compass deviation value in area 32, corresponding to 57-degree magnetic is found by interronverting the 57-degree mark of scale 15, to scale 26 ana to soale 25, yielding 2 degree and since the interval marking~ 31 ~how a right ~o left indicating arrow and furt~r de~cribed as - W. DEV. member 14 ~ust be rotated in a counter clockwise 30 direction, for 2-degrees 27, aligning it 66 at the north-south hairllne 28. Thus reading on scale 15 across from th~ 68-de~ree true heading on ~cales 25 and 26, yields 59-degree "correcte~ compass" course, 66.
Now that membar 14 has been set for the "corrected cQmpass~
course, this setting can remain on the plott~r so long as the chart in question i~ used. There is no need to constantly r~-calcul~te the variation every time there is a chan~e in the vessel's course heading, o~ly the compa~ deviation may need to be re-applied.
There is no tlghtening knob or screw to fasten the magnetic rotably lc~
protractor disc, member 14. Furthermore, there i~ no need ~or cumbersome long ~rms to pro~rude and easily knocked ou$ of po~ltion~
The extension ruler/hairl~ne; the ~ixth indicator member 20 Fig~re 5 and 7, is introduced at this time to permit a reciprocal bearing to be taken for the illustrativ~ operation above. It is an optional member ~ince all navigation operations can be done as well without it. 5ince there is no need ~or drawing a course-line or for laying o~f a coursa-line longer than the langth of the base's straight ed~e~ 9~ For those who prefer a ~olid reference line across the plurality of scales, 26, 25 and 15, in~tead of a mental visualization o~ it, the extension ruler/hairline version 1 or ver~ion ~ can be u~ed. Ver~ion 1 Figure ~, i8 used ~or the abov~
operation. It is de~cribed aæ follow.
Pu~hing ~ e 54 alonq tracks 54B toward the center aperture 56 of member 20, spread~ gap 54A allowing elbow 39 to be engaged on top of magnifier/eyelet/s~ap-iastener 2Z. Slide 54 is n~w moved back allowing the exten~ion ruler to r~tated. The straight edg~ 36 intersects the 68-degre~s true the original course heading, on scale and where ~air-line 37 on the built-in magnif~ing len~e 50 inter~ects scale 26 and 59-degree compass cou~se on ~cale 15. It i6 then locked in place by pu~hing the slide brake 54 further away from tha canter aperture 56. Acco~dingly, the reclprocal hair line 38 intersects the 239-degree mark on scale 15, for a reciprocal "corrected compass" course heading a~d intersects a~ well the 248-de~ree6 mark on scale 26, for a rec~procal ~rue bearing. Graduati~n 87 on edge 49 are in centimeters starting at the geometrical center 56. Another feature incorporated on member 20 is an eraæable area 11, for writing pertinent notes with a lead pencil.
The exten~ion ruler/hairline, the e~tendable version 2; member 20a Figure 7, can be used ln~tea~ of ver~ion 1. It can he retracted and no protruding arm to deal with. It is engaged on eyelet ~2 with slide 54 pu~hed t~ward the center a~erture 56 clearing elbo~
39. It is then rotated and alig~ed to the couxs~ line and locked hy pu~hing slide 54 fur~her away from center 56. The sliaing p~rt 82 is pulled out over tracks 83 and 86 until it reaches the limit stop 84, or any length in between, against shoulder 85. Hairline/edge 36 may be graduate~ in centimeters, with the zero mark at the end of the ruler, whereas graduation 87 on the opposite edge 49, has its zero mark at the geometrical center of aperture 56. Graduations on member 20 is illustrative and not limited to centimeters, other measurement applications can be used.
The second navigational operatiQn to be desoribed wil~ be that of datermining the distance, without the use of the traditional dividers and without the use o~ the Latitude scales imprinted sn the right and left ~ordars of the chart. Thls is accomplished by the introduction o~ an innovativ~ new system which uses cali~rated projection plate~ 18 (green) Figure 3, which will be available and sold in ~he same manner a~ are curre~t, air and marine charts, Each calibrated projection plate 18 when not needed, is stored in its own storage envelope and i~ ~lued with the ~elf-adhesive backing to its particular chart below the chart's name and project~on number.
Due to the general arrangement of a multi-structural nature, the cal~brated projection plates 18 can be easily removed and replaced as required in the follow.ing ~anner; lifting one side of the plotter with the left ha~d while the opposite side of the plotter re~ts on a flat surface. Pressure is applied with the right index fin~er on lens 23, until magnifier/eyelet/snap-fa~tener 22 bottom section 22A comes apart. The projection plate 18 ls then removed and replaced with the appropriate ~ne, identi$ied by the imprinted parallel of Latitude 53.
1~
~n the illustrative operation the ship's ~ailin~ ~rea is in the Sea of Cortes, near Latitude Z9-degree North and longitude 112-degree West a~d the distance to be measured i~ from the point o~
departura A toward the desired destinatlon B on the chart.
The navigator must first chose one of the three calibrated Latitude scales, 45, 46 and 47, on tha fourth indicator member 18. Each calibrated scale representing one degree and is divided in 60 minutes. Each minute representing one marlne mile (U.S. chart is used). The 29-degree Latitude scale 46 is chosen and is placed over and aligned with the intended course line A-B. ~ole 42, the zero mark for scale 46, is moved over the point of departure A and pined down by the insertion of the 0,5 mm lead pencil onto the chart. The intersection of the destination point B wit~ the graduation on scal~ 46, represen~s the distance in what ever measuring system the chart is using. In the illustrative operation th~ measured distance is 49.5 marine miles. There i8 ns need for unfoldin~ the chart to access the Latitude scales and there is no need ~or any of the many distance scal~s used for air and marine charts of different pro~ections and of different m asurement systems, which are usually cluttered on other types of plottsrs..
The third navigational operation to be de~cribed will ba that of determinin~ the position of the ship' 8 destination point B on the chart. Thi~ operation i8 done ~ithout the use of the dividers or the Latituda and longitude scal~ imprinted on the ~orders of the marine chart, thus makin~ unfolding of ~he chart unnecessary.
Mea~uring the coordinates o~ destina~ion point B is ~one by using the ~alibrated projection plate, member 18 ~green3 Figure 3.
Vis~al observation of de~tina~ion point B, will indicate which parallel of Latitude and which meridian of longitude are closest to point B. I~ our illustrative operation, destination point 8 iæ
closest to the 29-degree parallel o~ Latitude north and the 112.0-degrees meridian of longitude We~t.
In order to find the Latitude of destination point B, the navigator place~ the 29-degree Latitude scale 46 o~ member 18 with th~ z~
mark 42 aligned with the 29-degree parallel of L~titude line on the chart. ~he inter~ection of the point of destination B with the graduation mark of the Latitude ~cale 46 on member 18, is directly read in minu~es of Latitude. In the illustrative operation the Latitude is ~9-degrea 14.5 minutes North.
In order to ~ind the longitude o~ destination point B, the navigator selects the longitude scale 48 on member 18, and the zero mark 41 is aligned with the 112-degree meridian of longitude line on the chart. The intersection of the point of destination B on the chart with the gradu~tion mark of the longitude scale 48 is directly read, from right to left, in minutes of lon~itudes. In the illustrative operation, the longitude is 11~-degrea 1.0 minutes West.
The fourth navigational operation to be described will be that of determining 1- the course made ~ood and ~peed made good, and 2-the cvurse t~ steer and speed to use, ~or headings from the point of departure A toward th~ desired destination B. The factors oi the combined elements such as; se~, dri~t and leeway, are expressed a~ current. ~o other navigation tools are requires except for the optional indicator m~mbe~ 7; the "leeway/drift vector~ attachment.
Referring to ~igure 9, member 91; the ~l~der, is moveable over indicator member 75. Indi~ator m~mber 93; the rotably protractor is affi~ed to the geometrical c~nter of slider 31, whil~ indicator member 78 i8 a~ixed to the rotably protractor 93 and sl~d~r/hairline 91, throu~h its zero mark by the large diameter ~airline/~astener 92. Indlcator member 75; course steered 58, has a longitudinal center direction line 60 graduated in centimeters 67 imprinted thereto. Graduation starting at ~ centimeters for a length of ~0 centimeter~, repre~enting speed through water 59 in marine miles.
Indlcator meldber 76; course made good 6~, has a longitudinal centsr direction lins ~8, graduated in centimeters, 70, imprinted thereto. ~adu~tion starting at 2 centimeter~ f~r a length o~ 20 centimeters and representing speed made good, 63. 1ndicator member 78; the eet 65 and drift 7~, has a longitu~inal center dlrectio~
line 64, graduated in çentimeter~ 69 imprinted thereto. Graduation starting at 1 centimeter, ~or a length of ~0 centimeters, r~presenting drift.
The following description will allow the navigator to engages thP
seventh indicator member; the "leeway/drift vector" attac~ent 7, on magni~ier~eyelet/snap-fastener 22 by pushing slide 54 toward the center 5~ clearing elbow 39 and then pushin~ it back for free rotation. To lock, sli~e 5~ i~ moved further away from the center aperture 56. Since each indicator member has a duality of functions, attention should b~ given to the color imprint, green and red, of the ~unctional n~mes an each indicator member, and should be matched for the subsequent operation.
In the first illu~trative exam~1e, the ship has been ~ollowing a course o~ 80-~egree at a speed o~ 10 knots, the current having a set of 140-degree ~nd a drift of 2 knots. Required are: 1- the course made good and 2- the speed made good. The color ~cheme is green ~d 18 matched throu~hout this operation. ~em~er 7S; course steer~d 5~ (green), ls rota~ed and its longitudinal center li~e 60 is ali~nQd over the 80-de~ree mark 6~ of scale 26 on plotter 10. The sp~ed of the vessel being 10 knots, me~ber 91; ~he slider/hairline, is mov~d so that hairli~ 94 coincîde with the 10 graduation mark 67 on member 75, representin~ ~peed through the water 5~, of the ve~sel. Mem~er 93, ~he rotably protrac~ar disk, is rotated to coincide with the 80-degree mark, the ~hip's steering course 66, and center line 60 on member 75. The set, current direction, b2ing 140-de~ree, member 78; tne set 65 lgreen), is rotated to the 1~0-degree mark 66B, on thQ rotably protractor disc 93. The course made yood, is found by aliyning member 76; c~nter line 68 to the 2 mark 66D on member 78, representin~ dri~t, 72. Center lîne 68 o~
member 76, intersects the 89-degree mark 66C, the course made good, on scale 26 on plo~er lO, The cen~r lin~ 64 on memb~r 78, i~ lnters~cted by ce~ter line 68 o~ member 76 a the 2 knot graduatsd mark 69. The speed made good 66D i~ reaa of~ ~he gradu~ted center line 68 on member 76 which is 11.4 knots.
In the second illustrative example, the captain of a ship wants to make good a course o~ 45-degree at a speed of 10 knots, the set beiny llO-degree and drift being 3.5 knots. Reguired are; l-th2 course to steer and, 2- the ~peed to use. The color scheme is red and is matched throughout this operation Figure 10. The course made good beiny 45-degr~e, member 76; course to make good 71 (red), center line ~8 is aligned ~n the 45-degree mark 66 on ~cale 26 and on plotter 10. The ~et, current direction, being l~0-degree member 75; set 77 (red~, center line 60 i~3 lined up tc> the 11~-degree ~nark 66A on scale 25 and 26 Oll plotter 10. The dri~t, current speed, being 3.5 knots member 91; slider/hairline is mo~ed 80 that hairline g4 is lined up ~o the 3.5 kno~ mark 66B on member 75. Mem~er 93; the ro~ably protractor disk, is rotated to coinci~e with the llO-degree mark 66A, the set of the current, and center line 60 on member 75. The speed ma~e good b~ing lO X~ots, member 78; course to steer 73 (red) is ~ow rotated, ali~ning its ce~ter line 64 at the graduation mark 10 66C, on member 76. The course ~o steer 66D, is ~ead off at th~ i~tersection o~ center line 64, memb2r 78, ana the ~ngular marking 81 on membe~ 93; the rotably protractor di~k, which is 23-de~ree, 66D.
The speed to use 66C, ls read o~f a~ the interæection of member 78 cen~er line 64 and the 10 knot gradua~ion mar~ on mem~er 76 yielding 9.2 ~knot~) 66C, on member 7~.
'~
Claims (12)
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1- A manualy operable multi-purpose navigation plotter, universaly applicable for both marine and air navigation, adaptable to any charts system used. Comprising of four layered semi rigid transparent plastic members held together by a special fastener upon which several attachments are mounted.
2- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, comprising a base having; multiple beveled sides, four sides shown, a square recess underside for snug fitting of a duality of plates, registration holes in cooperative relationship with Latitude/Longitude scales displayed on the projection plate and a large aperture hole geometrically cantered. Imprinted upon are a duality of 360-degree protractors graduated every 5-10 degrees, 10-degrees shown, a non circular one on the underside surface inside the periphery of the straight edges and a circular one on the top surface between the center and the sides.
3- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which a 360-degree transparent magnetic protractor disc, rotably affixed to the geometrical center of the base having clock-wise angular markings numbered every 5-10 degree, 10-degrees shown, imprinted on the inside of the disc's periphery thereon and designated as magnetic course and compass course. The diameter of said rotably magnetic protractor disc being proportioned slightly larger than the diameter of the second duality of protractors imprinted on the top surface of the base.
4- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 3, in which an arcuate zero center protractor, located at the lower center of the rotably magnetic protractor disk, displays an east-variation protractor extending rightwardly from the zero-mark to 30-50 degree mark, every 30-degrees shown, and a west-variation protractor extending leftwardly from the zero-mark to 30-50 degree mark, zero to 30 degree shown. Direction of rotation indicators are imprinted in cooperative relationship with the rotably magnetic protractor disc.
- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2, 3, in which the diameter of the rotably magnetic protractor disc being proportioned larger allowing the overlapping of its angular graduations over those of the second duality of protractors imprinted on the base.
6- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,5, in which the visual effect called Moire allows hairline alignment of angular graduations of both protractors.
7- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which the compass correction plate is permanently secured unto the square recess of the plotter's base, Incremental markings and direction of rotation are imprinted every 15 degrees and further identified by "E. DEV.+"
and "-W. DEV.", on either side of the north-south line of the plotter's base around the periphery and slightly off the straight edges. Compass correction values corresponding to various courses particular to each vessel are marked for refference.
and "-W. DEV.", on either side of the north-south line of the plotter's base around the periphery and slightly off the straight edges. Compass correction values corresponding to various courses particular to each vessel are marked for refference.
8- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 7, in which an allocated area for marking; the name, call sign, home-port and registration number of the sailing craft or plane is provided.
9- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which the "leeway/drift vector" attachment is used for direct triangular A
navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which an interchangeable calibrated Latitude/Longitude scale plate is introduced, secured through its geometrical center unto the square recess of the plotter's base, it displays imprinted plurality of Latitude scales, three are shown, plurality of Longitude scales, one is shown, and plurality of horizontal and vertical grid lines representing calibrated distance lines. Said Latitude/Longitude plate also comprising registration holes in cooperative relationship with each calibrated Latitude/Longitude scales.
navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which an interchangeable calibrated Latitude/Longitude scale plate is introduced, secured through its geometrical center unto the square recess of the plotter's base, it displays imprinted plurality of Latitude scales, three are shown, plurality of Longitude scales, one is shown, and plurality of horizontal and vertical grid lines representing calibrated distance lines. Said Latitude/Longitude plate also comprising registration holes in cooperative relationship with each calibrated Latitude/Longitude scales.
10- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 9, in which a new concept is introduced featuring direct distance measurements between two geographical points and direct coordinates measurements of a geographical position on a chart.
11- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which a magnifier/eyelet/snap-fastener is used to: simultaneously fasten all components together, preventing free rotation of the rotably magnetic protractor disc and provides suport for several attachments. Said magnifier/eyelet/snap-fastener made of clear plastic, consists of a magnifying lens at its center whose geometrical center is perforated, having a relatively large diameter proportioned in size to provide the proper friction and drag in order to prevent the rotably magnetic protractor disc from turning freely relative to the plotter base.
12- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which the "leeway/drift vector" attachment is used for direct triangular vector plotting of any navigation vector. Said "leeway/drift vector"
attachment consist of 5 individual members; the first and second elongated members are coaxially centered and rotably assembled together by the ring and comprising a slide brake for engaging and looking it on the plotter, a slider which moves on the first or second member upon which the rotably protractor disk and the third elongated member are affixed through their geometrical center by the large diameter hairline/fastener.
13- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,7,8,9,(10),12,14,15 in which a large diameter center aperture equal in size and common to all ancillary component and are coaxially aligned with the geometrical axis of the plotter base.
14- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which an extension ruler/hairline is adapted, version one, having twice the length, or any length in between, of the plotter's straight edges.
A magnifying lens is incorporated and strategically located, and further comprising a slide brake for engaging and locking it on the plotter. Said extension ruler/hairline is shown graduated in centimeters but is not limited to it. Any other measuring system for other specific application can be integrated and used, e.g.
inches, celestial navigation. Said extension ruler/hairline comprising further an erasable area for writing pertinent notes with a lead pencil.
15- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which the extension ruler/hairline is adapted, version two is extendable to twice the length, or any length in between, of the plotter's straight edges and retractable to the plotter's dimensions. Said extension ruler/hairline version two further comprising a slide brake for engaging and locking it on the plotter. It is graduated in centimeters but is not limited to it.
16- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 12,14,15, in which the atachability and detachability of the extension ruler/hairline and the "leeway/drift vector" attachments are featured.
17- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 12,14,15,16, in which the mounting, rotation and locking of the extension ruler/hairline and the leeway/drift vector attachments to the magnifier/eyelet/snap-fastener are featured.
18- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, (10),12, in which the optional color scheme; a "function to color"
matching system is featured. Any color or combination of colors can be used.
19- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,8,9,(10),11,12,14,15 in which the removal and interchange of ancillary components are featured.
20- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,4,7,8,9,10,
12- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which the "leeway/drift vector" attachment is used for direct triangular vector plotting of any navigation vector. Said "leeway/drift vector"
attachment consist of 5 individual members; the first and second elongated members are coaxially centered and rotably assembled together by the ring and comprising a slide brake for engaging and looking it on the plotter, a slider which moves on the first or second member upon which the rotably protractor disk and the third elongated member are affixed through their geometrical center by the large diameter hairline/fastener.
13- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,7,8,9,(10),12,14,15 in which a large diameter center aperture equal in size and common to all ancillary component and are coaxially aligned with the geometrical axis of the plotter base.
14- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which an extension ruler/hairline is adapted, version one, having twice the length, or any length in between, of the plotter's straight edges.
A magnifying lens is incorporated and strategically located, and further comprising a slide brake for engaging and locking it on the plotter. Said extension ruler/hairline is shown graduated in centimeters but is not limited to it. Any other measuring system for other specific application can be integrated and used, e.g.
inches, celestial navigation. Said extension ruler/hairline comprising further an erasable area for writing pertinent notes with a lead pencil.
15- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1, in which the extension ruler/hairline is adapted, version two is extendable to twice the length, or any length in between, of the plotter's straight edges and retractable to the plotter's dimensions. Said extension ruler/hairline version two further comprising a slide brake for engaging and locking it on the plotter. It is graduated in centimeters but is not limited to it.
16- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 12,14,15, in which the atachability and detachability of the extension ruler/hairline and the "leeway/drift vector" attachments are featured.
17- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 12,14,15,16, in which the mounting, rotation and locking of the extension ruler/hairline and the leeway/drift vector attachments to the magnifier/eyelet/snap-fastener are featured.
18- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, (10),12, in which the optional color scheme; a "function to color"
matching system is featured. Any color or combination of colors can be used.
19- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,8,9,(10),11,12,14,15 in which the removal and interchange of ancillary components are featured.
20- A navigation plotter as defined in claim 1 and 2,3,4,7,8,9,10,
12,14,15 in which indicative words of more than one language are imprinted on the plotter.
It is thus seen that a navigation plotter according to the invention, provides an all in one multi-purpose navigation plotter which is simple in construction yet which is quite convenient and accurate in its operation, being useful for finding, the "corrected compass" heading for the ship to be steered, taking account of and correcting for, variation, deviation and drift. The plotter using an entirely new concept, provides means for determining; distance and location of a craft, course to steer and speed to use, course made good and speed made good during the craft's journey.
These navigational operations being done without the use of any of the traditional navigation tools presently in use by navigators.
Thus, the present invention accomplishes its intended object, including those herein before pointed out and others that are inherent in the invention.
It will be understood that modifications and variations may be effected without departing from the scope of the novel concept of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
It is thus seen that a navigation plotter according to the invention, provides an all in one multi-purpose navigation plotter which is simple in construction yet which is quite convenient and accurate in its operation, being useful for finding, the "corrected compass" heading for the ship to be steered, taking account of and correcting for, variation, deviation and drift. The plotter using an entirely new concept, provides means for determining; distance and location of a craft, course to steer and speed to use, course made good and speed made good during the craft's journey.
These navigational operations being done without the use of any of the traditional navigation tools presently in use by navigators.
Thus, the present invention accomplishes its intended object, including those herein before pointed out and others that are inherent in the invention.
It will be understood that modifications and variations may be effected without departing from the scope of the novel concept of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2030511 CA2030511A1 (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1990-11-01 | Multipurpose navigation plotter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2030511 CA2030511A1 (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1990-11-01 | Multipurpose navigation plotter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2030511A1 true CA2030511A1 (en) | 1992-05-02 |
Family
ID=4146493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2030511 Abandoned CA2030511A1 (en) | 1990-11-01 | 1990-11-01 | Multipurpose navigation plotter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2030511A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2370365A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-26 | Leo Filson | Navigation plotter |
-
1990
- 1990-11-01 CA CA 2030511 patent/CA2030511A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2370365A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-26 | Leo Filson | Navigation plotter |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |