CA2028032A1 - Switching electrical receptacle - Google Patents
Switching electrical receptacleInfo
- Publication number
- CA2028032A1 CA2028032A1 CA 2028032 CA2028032A CA2028032A1 CA 2028032 A1 CA2028032 A1 CA 2028032A1 CA 2028032 CA2028032 CA 2028032 CA 2028032 A CA2028032 A CA 2028032A CA 2028032 A1 CA2028032 A1 CA 2028032A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- receptacle
- contacts
- electrical
- female
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Landscapes
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A switching electrical receptacle includes a fixed set of female contacts mounted to be connected to electric power lines. A housing supports a plurality of sliding contacts of substantially cylindrical symmetry disposed parallel to an axis. The housing can be slid axially into and out of electrical contact with the female contacts to make or break a circuit. The sliding contacts are in permanent sliding contact with another set of female contacts that are connected to load terminals that are adapted to receive an electric plug. Each sliding contact is split along its axis and is spring-loaded from within to exert radial forces that assure good electrical connections between the sliding contact and each set of female contacts. Seals are readily installed in the housing to make the receptacle explosion-proof and also appropriate for outdoor use.
A switching electrical receptacle includes a fixed set of female contacts mounted to be connected to electric power lines. A housing supports a plurality of sliding contacts of substantially cylindrical symmetry disposed parallel to an axis. The housing can be slid axially into and out of electrical contact with the female contacts to make or break a circuit. The sliding contacts are in permanent sliding contact with another set of female contacts that are connected to load terminals that are adapted to receive an electric plug. Each sliding contact is split along its axis and is spring-loaded from within to exert radial forces that assure good electrical connections between the sliding contact and each set of female contacts. Seals are readily installed in the housing to make the receptacle explosion-proof and also appropriate for outdoor use.
Description
2~2~32 E;WI~C~ING E~ECT~ ECEPT~CLE~
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is related to electrical receptacles for use with electrical plugs. In particular, it is an improved electrical receptacle that can be switched at the ~;
receptacle.
Electrical receptacles for currents of fifteen amperes or more typically have contacts for three, four or five wires. Such receptacles may injure an operator and may damage the receptacle if they are connected or disconnected to the electric power system under load. For these reasons, it is conventional to provide some fQrm of switch with the receptacle, often interlocked with the receptacle, to insure that the plug is not removed from or inserted into the receptacle under load. The switch is often a safety switch or relay that is installed in a switchbox that serves as a mount for the receptacle. In the alternative, the receptacle may be combined with a circuit breaker. Either of these alternatives increases the cost of installing a receptacle over the cost of the receptacle itself.
' ' . .
'.~...
2 ~
It would be useful to have a self-contained receptacle that c~uld be switched to cut off eleatricity to a plug before the plug is removed from or inserte~ in~o the receptacle. Such a receptacle could be operated ~s a stand-alone device or it could be combined with an interlock as an additional assurance that the plug is not inserted into or removed from the receptacle under load. It would also be useful to have a switching electrical receptacle that would meet requirements for rating for explosion-proof service. Such a switching receptacle could be smaller than a combination safety switch and receptacle, and would therefore be cheaper to manufacture and easier to insta}l. It could also more easily be made explosion-proof because its contacts open and close in a relatively small volume within the receptacle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a better electrical receptacle for currents of fifteen amperes or more per phase.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a switching electrical receptacle that can be switched manually at the receptacle.
~ t is a further object of the present invention to prov;de a switching electrical receptacle that can be switched at the receptacle by a manually-operated over-center linkage.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a switching electrical receptacle that can ke switched electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically at the receptacle.
_z_ . , . . , ~ , : , ,. . . , . . . . .. ~ ~ ~ , .
- . : - . ~ ': ', , , .
, ~-` 2~2~3~ ~
It is a further ob~ect of the present in~ention to provide an electrical receptacls that can be switched on and off by axial motion of a contact carrier.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an explosion-proof switching electrical receptacle.
Other objects will become apparent in the course of a detailed description of the invention.
A switching electrical receptacle includes a fixed set of female contacts mounted to be connected to electric power lines. A housing supports a plurality of sliding contacts of substantially cylindrical symmetry disposed parallel to an axis. The housing can be slid axially into and out of electrical contact with th~ female contacts to maXe or ~ ?~
break a circuit. The sliding contacts are in permanent sliding contact with another set of female contacts that are connected to load terminals that are adapted to receive an electric plug. Each sliding contact is split along its axis and is spring-loaded from within to exert radial forces that assure good electrical connections between the sliding contact and ;~
each set of female contacts. Seals are readily installed in the housing to make the receptacle explosion-proof and also appropriate for outdoor use.
.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Fig. 1 is a central sectional side view of the apparatu~ of the present invention with a switch in an open position.
~`` 2~28~32 -Fig. 2 is a central sectional side view of the apparatus of the present invention with the switch in a closed position.
Fig. 3 is a central sectional side view of a sliding contact for the practice of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of an apparatus for the present invention including an actuator.
Fig. 5 is a central sectional side view of the apparatus of Fig. 4.
~ETAI1ED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fig. l is a central sectional side view of an apparatus for the practice of the present in~ention with a switch in an open position, and Fig. 2 is a central sectional side view of the apparatus with the switch in a closed position. In Figs. l and 2, a receptacle l~ is affixed to a wall 12. The receptacle 12 contains a plurality of female terminals 14 that are connected to wire terminals 16. Wires, which are not shown here, are inserted into the wire terminals 16 to supply electric power to the receptacle l0.
Each wire terminal 16 has a screw 18 that can be tightened on an inserted wire to establish a secure electrical and mechanical contact between such a wire and each wire terminal 16.
In use, it i5 desired to make connections between the female terminals 14 of the receptacle lO and a corresponding set of female terminals 24 that are part of a plug 26. The :
female terminals 24 are also adapted to be connected by a se~
. : . , ~ , ~ . . ., . : ., ~,~. . , ' ' . : , ' ~:: .: . ' .--- 2~2~32 of screws 28 to wires that are not shown here. A contact carrier 32 carries a sliding contact 34 for each associated pair of wire terminals 14 and 24. Fig. 1 shows the contact carrier 32 in a position where each of the female terminals 14 is connected to a corresponding one of the ~emale terminals 24 by the sliding contact 34 that moves with the contact carrier 32. This is the "on" position for the switching receptacle 10. Fig. 2 shows the opposite situation, with the contact carrier 32 moved to a position where contact is interrupted between the female terminals 14 and 24. A
detent 40 is inserted in a hole 42 in the casing ~4 of the plug 26 when electric power is connected so that the plug 26 c~nnot be removed from the receptacle 12 under load. In Figs. 1 and 2, the detent 40 i5 operated by a rod 48 that can be lifted only when a cam 50 is moved out of a blocXing position by a rod 52. An interlock to a circuit breaker or disconnect switch, none of which is shown here, operates the cam 50 to permit the detent 40 to be raised only when the power is off. S~ch an interlock could equally as well be operated by a conventional over-center mechanism connected to operate the contact carrier 32.
In Figs. 1 and 2, the plug 26 is in the receptacle lO, holding a hinged cap 58 in an open position. If the plug 26 is removed from the receptacle 10, the hinged cap 58 closes to protect the female terminals 24 from dirt, moisture and the like.
Fig. 3 is a sectional side view of one of the sliding contacts 34 of Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 3, the sliding :,;,,.. ,.-, -- . . , ................... : ~ ., ~ , :: . , . . . - . .
:: . . : . . ~ .:
~`` 2 ~ 3 ~
contact 34 exhibits cylindrical symmetry about an axis 62. A
first half 64 is attached to a second half 66 by rivets 68 : i and 70. The rivets 68 and 70 are sized to permit the first half 64 to move radially with respect to the second half 66, but are ~eaded to keep the first half 64 and second half 66 together. It should be evident that other means such as screws threaded into tapped holes or nuts and bolts could equally as well be used ~o keep the first half 64 and second half 66 together w~ile permitting them to move radially with respect to each other. In the alternative, the halves 64 and 66 could be held together by retaining rings inserted in qroov~s so that the rings would not contact the female terminals 14 and 24.
The rivets 68 and 70 are preferred because they provide guides for relative radial motion between the halves 64 and 66.
Two springs 76 and 78 that are placed between the halves 64 and 66 exert forces on the halves 64 and 66 that will tend to keep them apart and will thus make good electrical connections between the sliding contact 34 and the female terminals 14 and 24. A shoulder 82 has a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the contact regions 86 and 88. A
relieved regi~n 90 is given a diameter slightly less, of the order of 0.001-0.010 ", to reduce sliding friction upon insertion of the sliding contact 34 ~nto a female terminal 14 or its removal from the terminal 14. Chamfers 94 and 96 at opposite ends of the sliding contact i4 aid in connecting the plug 26 to the receptacle 10 and in moving the sliding contact 34 into the female terminal 14. The construction described here insures good electrical contact-without ._ . . . - , : - - . ~ : :
,. :: : :.............................. , ~. .
:~. , . : . . .
2 ~
requiring the machining of especially close tolerances, and it does no~ use the elasticity of the brass or similar matPrial of the sliding cc,ntact 34.
Fig. 4 is a top view of an apparatus for the practice of the present invention including an actuator for the switch, and Fig. S is a central sectional side view of the apparatus of Fig. 4. In Figs. 4 and 5, a frame llo, which may be part of a wall or of a switch box, provides support for a housing 112 which in turn supports a contact carrier 114. A sliding contact 116 is shown in an open position in which it does not make contact with a female terminal 118. The contact carrier 114 has a male terminal 120 that will be slid axially ;
into contact with the female terminal 118 by an actuating rod 126 that may be moved manually, hydraulically, pneumatically or by an electrical relay. None of these actuating means is shown here. The receptacle of Fig~ 5 also differs from that of Fig. 1 in having a ground contact 128 that is not switched but that makes continuous contact with a plug ' (not shown) that may be inserted into the receptacle of Fig. 5. To do so, an operator must lift a cover 130 and also rotate a rod 134. This rtates a linkage 136 to raise a detent 138, allowing insertion of a plug. The r~d 134 connected by a rod 140 to a cam plate 142 which prevents ~, insertion of a plug when the contact carrier 114 is in the "on"
position.
The embodiments of the invention described above are intended to describe the best mode for the practice of the invention, and should be taken as exemplary and not as : : . .: .................. . . ....................... .
.,: ~ . ,' ` ' ': . - : . . :
- ~2~32 limiting. The scope of the invention is that of the appended claims and their equivalents.
-8- ~ :
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is related to electrical receptacles for use with electrical plugs. In particular, it is an improved electrical receptacle that can be switched at the ~;
receptacle.
Electrical receptacles for currents of fifteen amperes or more typically have contacts for three, four or five wires. Such receptacles may injure an operator and may damage the receptacle if they are connected or disconnected to the electric power system under load. For these reasons, it is conventional to provide some fQrm of switch with the receptacle, often interlocked with the receptacle, to insure that the plug is not removed from or inserted into the receptacle under load. The switch is often a safety switch or relay that is installed in a switchbox that serves as a mount for the receptacle. In the alternative, the receptacle may be combined with a circuit breaker. Either of these alternatives increases the cost of installing a receptacle over the cost of the receptacle itself.
' ' . .
'.~...
2 ~
It would be useful to have a self-contained receptacle that c~uld be switched to cut off eleatricity to a plug before the plug is removed from or inserte~ in~o the receptacle. Such a receptacle could be operated ~s a stand-alone device or it could be combined with an interlock as an additional assurance that the plug is not inserted into or removed from the receptacle under load. It would also be useful to have a switching electrical receptacle that would meet requirements for rating for explosion-proof service. Such a switching receptacle could be smaller than a combination safety switch and receptacle, and would therefore be cheaper to manufacture and easier to insta}l. It could also more easily be made explosion-proof because its contacts open and close in a relatively small volume within the receptacle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a better electrical receptacle for currents of fifteen amperes or more per phase.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a switching electrical receptacle that can be switched manually at the receptacle.
~ t is a further object of the present invention to prov;de a switching electrical receptacle that can be switched at the receptacle by a manually-operated over-center linkage.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a switching electrical receptacle that can ke switched electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically at the receptacle.
_z_ . , . . , ~ , : , ,. . . , . . . . .. ~ ~ ~ , .
- . : - . ~ ': ', , , .
, ~-` 2~2~3~ ~
It is a further ob~ect of the present in~ention to provide an electrical receptacls that can be switched on and off by axial motion of a contact carrier.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an explosion-proof switching electrical receptacle.
Other objects will become apparent in the course of a detailed description of the invention.
A switching electrical receptacle includes a fixed set of female contacts mounted to be connected to electric power lines. A housing supports a plurality of sliding contacts of substantially cylindrical symmetry disposed parallel to an axis. The housing can be slid axially into and out of electrical contact with th~ female contacts to maXe or ~ ?~
break a circuit. The sliding contacts are in permanent sliding contact with another set of female contacts that are connected to load terminals that are adapted to receive an electric plug. Each sliding contact is split along its axis and is spring-loaded from within to exert radial forces that assure good electrical connections between the sliding contact and ;~
each set of female contacts. Seals are readily installed in the housing to make the receptacle explosion-proof and also appropriate for outdoor use.
.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Fig. 1 is a central sectional side view of the apparatu~ of the present invention with a switch in an open position.
~`` 2~28~32 -Fig. 2 is a central sectional side view of the apparatus of the present invention with the switch in a closed position.
Fig. 3 is a central sectional side view of a sliding contact for the practice of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of an apparatus for the present invention including an actuator.
Fig. 5 is a central sectional side view of the apparatus of Fig. 4.
~ETAI1ED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fig. l is a central sectional side view of an apparatus for the practice of the present in~ention with a switch in an open position, and Fig. 2 is a central sectional side view of the apparatus with the switch in a closed position. In Figs. l and 2, a receptacle l~ is affixed to a wall 12. The receptacle 12 contains a plurality of female terminals 14 that are connected to wire terminals 16. Wires, which are not shown here, are inserted into the wire terminals 16 to supply electric power to the receptacle l0.
Each wire terminal 16 has a screw 18 that can be tightened on an inserted wire to establish a secure electrical and mechanical contact between such a wire and each wire terminal 16.
In use, it i5 desired to make connections between the female terminals 14 of the receptacle lO and a corresponding set of female terminals 24 that are part of a plug 26. The :
female terminals 24 are also adapted to be connected by a se~
. : . , ~ , ~ . . ., . : ., ~,~. . , ' ' . : , ' ~:: .: . ' .--- 2~2~32 of screws 28 to wires that are not shown here. A contact carrier 32 carries a sliding contact 34 for each associated pair of wire terminals 14 and 24. Fig. 1 shows the contact carrier 32 in a position where each of the female terminals 14 is connected to a corresponding one of the ~emale terminals 24 by the sliding contact 34 that moves with the contact carrier 32. This is the "on" position for the switching receptacle 10. Fig. 2 shows the opposite situation, with the contact carrier 32 moved to a position where contact is interrupted between the female terminals 14 and 24. A
detent 40 is inserted in a hole 42 in the casing ~4 of the plug 26 when electric power is connected so that the plug 26 c~nnot be removed from the receptacle 12 under load. In Figs. 1 and 2, the detent 40 i5 operated by a rod 48 that can be lifted only when a cam 50 is moved out of a blocXing position by a rod 52. An interlock to a circuit breaker or disconnect switch, none of which is shown here, operates the cam 50 to permit the detent 40 to be raised only when the power is off. S~ch an interlock could equally as well be operated by a conventional over-center mechanism connected to operate the contact carrier 32.
In Figs. 1 and 2, the plug 26 is in the receptacle lO, holding a hinged cap 58 in an open position. If the plug 26 is removed from the receptacle 10, the hinged cap 58 closes to protect the female terminals 24 from dirt, moisture and the like.
Fig. 3 is a sectional side view of one of the sliding contacts 34 of Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 3, the sliding :,;,,.. ,.-, -- . . , ................... : ~ ., ~ , :: . , . . . - . .
:: . . : . . ~ .:
~`` 2 ~ 3 ~
contact 34 exhibits cylindrical symmetry about an axis 62. A
first half 64 is attached to a second half 66 by rivets 68 : i and 70. The rivets 68 and 70 are sized to permit the first half 64 to move radially with respect to the second half 66, but are ~eaded to keep the first half 64 and second half 66 together. It should be evident that other means such as screws threaded into tapped holes or nuts and bolts could equally as well be used ~o keep the first half 64 and second half 66 together w~ile permitting them to move radially with respect to each other. In the alternative, the halves 64 and 66 could be held together by retaining rings inserted in qroov~s so that the rings would not contact the female terminals 14 and 24.
The rivets 68 and 70 are preferred because they provide guides for relative radial motion between the halves 64 and 66.
Two springs 76 and 78 that are placed between the halves 64 and 66 exert forces on the halves 64 and 66 that will tend to keep them apart and will thus make good electrical connections between the sliding contact 34 and the female terminals 14 and 24. A shoulder 82 has a diameter that is greater than the diameter of the contact regions 86 and 88. A
relieved regi~n 90 is given a diameter slightly less, of the order of 0.001-0.010 ", to reduce sliding friction upon insertion of the sliding contact 34 ~nto a female terminal 14 or its removal from the terminal 14. Chamfers 94 and 96 at opposite ends of the sliding contact i4 aid in connecting the plug 26 to the receptacle 10 and in moving the sliding contact 34 into the female terminal 14. The construction described here insures good electrical contact-without ._ . . . - , : - - . ~ : :
,. :: : :.............................. , ~. .
:~. , . : . . .
2 ~
requiring the machining of especially close tolerances, and it does no~ use the elasticity of the brass or similar matPrial of the sliding cc,ntact 34.
Fig. 4 is a top view of an apparatus for the practice of the present invention including an actuator for the switch, and Fig. S is a central sectional side view of the apparatus of Fig. 4. In Figs. 4 and 5, a frame llo, which may be part of a wall or of a switch box, provides support for a housing 112 which in turn supports a contact carrier 114. A sliding contact 116 is shown in an open position in which it does not make contact with a female terminal 118. The contact carrier 114 has a male terminal 120 that will be slid axially ;
into contact with the female terminal 118 by an actuating rod 126 that may be moved manually, hydraulically, pneumatically or by an electrical relay. None of these actuating means is shown here. The receptacle of Fig~ 5 also differs from that of Fig. 1 in having a ground contact 128 that is not switched but that makes continuous contact with a plug ' (not shown) that may be inserted into the receptacle of Fig. 5. To do so, an operator must lift a cover 130 and also rotate a rod 134. This rtates a linkage 136 to raise a detent 138, allowing insertion of a plug. The r~d 134 connected by a rod 140 to a cam plate 142 which prevents ~, insertion of a plug when the contact carrier 114 is in the "on"
position.
The embodiments of the invention described above are intended to describe the best mode for the practice of the invention, and should be taken as exemplary and not as : : . .: .................. . . ....................... .
.,: ~ . ,' ` ' ': . - : . . :
- ~2~32 limiting. The scope of the invention is that of the appended claims and their equivalents.
-8- ~ :
Claims (4)
1. A switching electrical receptacle comprising:
a. a substantially cylindrical electrical contact;
b. a frame supporting the contact;
c. a contact carrier receiving the contact and capable of moving with the contact along an axis, the contact carrier sliding with respect to the frame;
d. a first fixed terminal secured to the frame and connectible to an electrical power line, the first fixed terminal aligned with the axis;
e. a second fixed terminal secured to the frame and connectible to an electric plug and aligned with the axis; and f. means for moving the contact carrier axially so as to remain in electrical contact with the second fixed terminal and so as to make and break contact with the first terminal.
a. a substantially cylindrical electrical contact;
b. a frame supporting the contact;
c. a contact carrier receiving the contact and capable of moving with the contact along an axis, the contact carrier sliding with respect to the frame;
d. a first fixed terminal secured to the frame and connectible to an electrical power line, the first fixed terminal aligned with the axis;
e. a second fixed terminal secured to the frame and connectible to an electric plug and aligned with the axis; and f. means for moving the contact carrier axially so as to remain in electrical contact with the second fixed terminal and so as to make and break contact with the first terminal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the contact is split and is internally spring-loaded to exert radial forces on the second terminal at all times and on the first terminal when the contact is touching the first terminal.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising in addition means for preventing insertion of a plug into the receptacle when the contact is touching the first terminal.
4. A switching electrical receptacle adapted to receive an electric plug and to make and break electrical contact with the plug, the receptacle comprising:
a. a plurality of female electrical contacts disposed substantially parallel to each other, each of the female contacts disposed to be connected to an electric power line;
b. a housing connected to the female electrical contacts and insulated electrically from the female electrical contacts;
c. a contact holder mounted in sliding engagement with the housing and disposed to slide in a direction parallel to the female contacts; and d. a plurality of sliding contacts mounted in the contact holder and disposed to slide into and out of electrical contact with the female contacts at a first end, each of the sliding contacts including a male portion at a second end that is opposite to the first end, the male portions projecting to make contact with the plug.
a. a plurality of female electrical contacts disposed substantially parallel to each other, each of the female contacts disposed to be connected to an electric power line;
b. a housing connected to the female electrical contacts and insulated electrically from the female electrical contacts;
c. a contact holder mounted in sliding engagement with the housing and disposed to slide in a direction parallel to the female contacts; and d. a plurality of sliding contacts mounted in the contact holder and disposed to slide into and out of electrical contact with the female contacts at a first end, each of the sliding contacts including a male portion at a second end that is opposite to the first end, the male portions projecting to make contact with the plug.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US527,055 | 1990-04-29 | ||
| US52705590A | 1990-05-22 | 1990-05-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2028032A1 true CA2028032A1 (en) | 1991-10-30 |
Family
ID=24099920
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2028032 Abandoned CA2028032A1 (en) | 1990-04-29 | 1990-10-19 | Switching electrical receptacle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2028032A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107196099A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-22 | 杭州航天电子技术有限公司 | A kind of radial shear separation connector under water |
-
1990
- 1990-10-19 CA CA 2028032 patent/CA2028032A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107196099A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-22 | 杭州航天电子技术有限公司 | A kind of radial shear separation connector under water |
| CN107196099B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2023-06-13 | 杭州航天电子技术有限公司 | Underwater radial shearing separation electric connector |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |