CA2025869A1 - Horizontal spiral ground heat exchanger - Google Patents
Horizontal spiral ground heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- CA2025869A1 CA2025869A1 CA002025869A CA2025869A CA2025869A1 CA 2025869 A1 CA2025869 A1 CA 2025869A1 CA 002025869 A CA002025869 A CA 002025869A CA 2025869 A CA2025869 A CA 2025869A CA 2025869 A1 CA2025869 A1 CA 2025869A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- high density
- tubing
- elongated
- trench
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0052—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using the ground body or aquifers as heat storage medium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
TITLE
HORIZONTAL SPIRAL GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER
INVENTOR
Otto J. Svec ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A horizontal ground heat exchange system employing the natural thermal qualities just below the earth surface, comprising an elongated horizontal trench and a coil of high density elastomeric material horizontally inserted into an elongated horizontal trench. The coil is connected at one end by inlet tubing to an open holding tank and at the other end by return tubing connected to the heat pump unit. The entire coil is preferably enclosed in sand and backfill may be inserted in the horizontal trench to achieve ground level. A brine solution is passed through the system to transfer the thermal energy to or from the heat pump system.
HORIZONTAL SPIRAL GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER
INVENTOR
Otto J. Svec ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A horizontal ground heat exchange system employing the natural thermal qualities just below the earth surface, comprising an elongated horizontal trench and a coil of high density elastomeric material horizontally inserted into an elongated horizontal trench. The coil is connected at one end by inlet tubing to an open holding tank and at the other end by return tubing connected to the heat pump unit. The entire coil is preferably enclosed in sand and backfill may be inserted in the horizontal trench to achieve ground level. A brine solution is passed through the system to transfer the thermal energy to or from the heat pump system.
Description
2~2~
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of The Invention The present invention relates to a novel horizontal ground heat exchange system utilizing an elongated horizontal trench and a high density elastomeric coil of tubing installed in the elongated horizontal trench.
Description of the Prior Art 10The ground source heat pump system is a recognized source of renewable energy in most of North America and Northern Europe. In this system heat or cold is removed - from the ground utilizing a ground heat exchange system and the fluid from the ground heat exchange system is circulated through a heat pump system where he~t or cold is removed from the circulating fluid.
Typical systems require a hole to be bored within the earth to depths greater than ten metres for ` installation. Tha depth of the vertical hole is chosen to reach levels that are not directly affected by seasonal temperatures.
As a result, installation costs have been high, a factor which reduces the attractiveness and commercial success of ground source heat pump~. Naturally, repair costs of such a system would also be expensive since removal of components would require vertical excavation.
To be effectiv~, the materials used must all be relatively efficient in absorbing or transmitting thermal energy. Bfficiency is enhanced by increasing the degree . .
2- 2~2~86~
of earth matter contact with the tube. Gravel, sand, wet sand and concrete mixtures have been uced.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object o~ the present inventi~n is to effectively use the renewable energy existing within the soil near the surface effected by saasonal temperature changes using a novel horizontal heat exchange system comprised o~ an elongate horizontal trench and an elastomeric high density coil installed in the elongate horizontal trench to transmit heat or cold to or from the soil.
Installation cost is relatively inexpensive since the horizontal ground heat exchange system requires only that a ditch or trench be dug to a depth easily achievable ky the common backhoe. It is not necessary to achieve a depth where the temperature is relatively constant. Thus, the expense of the larger excavation machinery required for vertical yround heat exchange systems is not incurred. This will be especially true where the sublevels are composed o~ rock. As well, the nature o~ the material of the claimed device is such that it may be easily installed in the trench by a single person.
More speci~ically, the present invention consists o~
concentrically coiled elastomeric high density tubing inserted horizontally within an excavated trench. Where the coil begins and ends the tube straightens to return ~ ~ .
~2~
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of The Invention The present invention relates to a novel horizontal ground heat exchange system utilizing an elongated horizontal trench and a high density elastomeric coil of tubing installed in the elongated horizontal trench.
Description of the Prior Art 10The ground source heat pump system is a recognized source of renewable energy in most of North America and Northern Europe. In this system heat or cold is removed - from the ground utilizing a ground heat exchange system and the fluid from the ground heat exchange system is circulated through a heat pump system where he~t or cold is removed from the circulating fluid.
Typical systems require a hole to be bored within the earth to depths greater than ten metres for ` installation. Tha depth of the vertical hole is chosen to reach levels that are not directly affected by seasonal temperatures.
As a result, installation costs have been high, a factor which reduces the attractiveness and commercial success of ground source heat pump~. Naturally, repair costs of such a system would also be expensive since removal of components would require vertical excavation.
To be effectiv~, the materials used must all be relatively efficient in absorbing or transmitting thermal energy. Bfficiency is enhanced by increasing the degree . .
2- 2~2~86~
of earth matter contact with the tube. Gravel, sand, wet sand and concrete mixtures have been uced.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object o~ the present inventi~n is to effectively use the renewable energy existing within the soil near the surface effected by saasonal temperature changes using a novel horizontal heat exchange system comprised o~ an elongate horizontal trench and an elastomeric high density coil installed in the elongate horizontal trench to transmit heat or cold to or from the soil.
Installation cost is relatively inexpensive since the horizontal ground heat exchange system requires only that a ditch or trench be dug to a depth easily achievable ky the common backhoe. It is not necessary to achieve a depth where the temperature is relatively constant. Thus, the expense of the larger excavation machinery required for vertical yround heat exchange systems is not incurred. This will be especially true where the sublevels are composed o~ rock. As well, the nature o~ the material of the claimed device is such that it may be easily installed in the trench by a single person.
More speci~ically, the present invention consists o~
concentrically coiled elastomeric high density tubing inserted horizontally within an excavated trench. Where the coil begins and ends the tube straightens to return ~ ~ .
~2~
to a heat pump systam. The shorter of the straight portions of tubing in the ground is the inlet tube which is attached to an open holding tank or an outlet of the heat pump system, the longer portion (the return) is attached to the inlet of the heat pump. The tubing is backfilled with sand or other suitable material for backfilling to completely cover the tubing. Original earth material may be backfilled up to ground level on top of the primary sand or other suitable material.
A liquid such as a brine solution is pumped through the tubing of the ground heat exchanger from an open holding tank or from the outlet of the heat pump. The further expense of a closed pressure system is avoided.
The fluid circulates through the tubing and absorbs or releases thermal energy from or to the ground depending on the season. In so doing, the soil surrounding the tubing gradually discharges or becomes charged with thermal energy. The energizing process is such that the ground heat exchange system releases heat in winter and absorbs heat in summer.
Notwithstanding that the absolute temperature of the circulating fluid decreases with increased heating demand and ground thermal depletion, th2 temperature difference between the ingoing fluids and the outgoing fluids remains relatively constant. In summer, the apparatus operates to cool rather than heat. This cycle ~Irecharges~ the ground by replenishing thermal energy in preparation for winter and heating demand.
- 2~58~9 .
- One embodiment of the invention comprises excavating an elongated horizontal trench, installing an elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing from substantially end to end of said trench, the diameter of the elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing being slightly less than the width of said elongated trench, attaching one end of said elongated coil of high density e]astomeric tubing to the inlet tubing for circulating fluid through said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing, attaching the other end of said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing to the return tubing for returning said fluid to a heat pump ;, system.
:,;
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent from reading the following description which has been prepared in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure l is an elevated cut-away side view of the underground heat exchanging apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, particularly illustrating the completed installation of the apparatus.
Figure 2 is an elevated cross-sectional view of the apparatus as shown in Figure l.
2~2~8~9 DESCRIPTION_OF THE PREFERRED_EMBODIMENTS
A sectional view of the in-ground apparatus is schematically illustrated in Figura l. The apparatus consists of a single tube or portions of tube l comprised of an inlet tube 2, a coil tube 3 and a return tube 4.
The tube l is inserted horizontally within a horizontal trench 5. Inlet tube 2 is connected to an open holding tank 6 (not shown) or to the outlet of the heat pump 7 (not shown) and return tube 4 is connected to the inlet of heat pump 7. The horizontal trench 5 is an excavated trench. The tube 1 is placed in the horizontal trench 5 and the coil portion 3 extends from su~stantially end to end of the horizontal trench 5. The trench 5 is backfilled with sand 8 or other suitable soil material above the coil tube 3, and further backfilled with sand, earth or other material to the top of the horizontal trench 5. For the purpose of the invention, it is not required that the horizontal trench 5 be dug to a depth where the coil tube 3 is impervious to seasonal temperature fluctuations.
The tube l and coil tuhe 3 are constructed from high density elastomeric material such as high density polyethylene or polyhutylene. Plastic is the preferred material since it is a respectable conductor of thermal ~5 energy; it is easily manufactured and is relatively inexpensive, and it does not corrode.
~2~g~9 ~ 6 --The preferred diameter of the tube l is 1.5 cm to lO cm, dependent upon the application, the inventor's pre~erred diameter being 33mm.
The preferred diameter of the coi]L tube 3 ranges upward from 30 cm. A 60 cm spiral is regarded as representing both a practical and efficient diameter.
Due to the spiral construction of the coil tube 3 a designer may choose a heat extraction clensity through the degree the coil tube 3 is to be stretched. With the various diameters for tube 1, and the preferrsd coil tube 3 diameter, a pitch of 8 cm to 30 cm is suggested.
Figure 2 illustrates the location of the return tube 4 to the coil tube 3. The absolute length of the tube used for the coil tube 3 is so many times longer than that of the return tube 4, that thermal interference between them is negligible.
For a 60 cm diameter coil tube 3, a trench 5 of depth of 1.8 m is recommended. This depth may be easily achieved by use of a backhoe, and in most applications excavation costs should be relatively moderate. The trench 5 may be 30 meters or longer depending on the heat :~ or cold to be absorbed or disseminated.
Installation o~ the horizontal heat exchange apparatus is fast and simple, factors which greatly enhance the commercial application of ground source heat pumps. once horizontal trench 5 is excavated, the tubing 2, 3 and 4 is then placed within the horizontal trench 5.
Inlet tube 2 is connected to the open holding tank 6 (not 7 _ 2~2~8~9 shown) or to the outlet of the heat pump 7 (not shown) and return tube 4 is connected to the inlet of heat pump 7. The next step involves stretching the coil tube 3 to the desired pitch and connecting it to the inlet tube 2 and outlet tube 4. The high density elastomeric coil tube 3 is strong enough to allow easy and effective backfilling. The geometry of the coil tube 3 is automatically assured by the coil itself. The saturated sand 8 or other suitable material should be backfilled to above the diameter of the coils. Backfill may then be added to the horizontal trench 5 to achieve ground level.
By utilizing a high conductivity backfill such as saturated sand 8 to surround tubes 2, 3 and 4, contact between the saturated sand 8 and the surrounding ground becomes the actual heat transfer surface in this system.
A brine solution, such as watertmethanol, water/glycol or water/calcîum chloride, is used as the heat carrying fluid. The fluid circulates through the closed loop comprised of components 2 r 3 and 4, and through a water/refrigerant heat exchanger within the heat pump. The system anticipates an open holdîng tank and only enough pressure to circulate the fluid is required. The possibility of air collectîon at the top of the coils of the coil tube 3 can be overcome by using an oversized pump and carefully deaerating the system at the time of filling.
While the present invention has been descrîbed above merely with respect to a few preferred embodiments . "' ' .
;
:, ' ~,:
- 8 - 2 ~2 5 8 69 thereof, it should of course be understood that the invention is not thereby limited, but includes any acceptable or various changes which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the claims.
A liquid such as a brine solution is pumped through the tubing of the ground heat exchanger from an open holding tank or from the outlet of the heat pump. The further expense of a closed pressure system is avoided.
The fluid circulates through the tubing and absorbs or releases thermal energy from or to the ground depending on the season. In so doing, the soil surrounding the tubing gradually discharges or becomes charged with thermal energy. The energizing process is such that the ground heat exchange system releases heat in winter and absorbs heat in summer.
Notwithstanding that the absolute temperature of the circulating fluid decreases with increased heating demand and ground thermal depletion, th2 temperature difference between the ingoing fluids and the outgoing fluids remains relatively constant. In summer, the apparatus operates to cool rather than heat. This cycle ~Irecharges~ the ground by replenishing thermal energy in preparation for winter and heating demand.
- 2~58~9 .
- One embodiment of the invention comprises excavating an elongated horizontal trench, installing an elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing from substantially end to end of said trench, the diameter of the elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing being slightly less than the width of said elongated trench, attaching one end of said elongated coil of high density e]astomeric tubing to the inlet tubing for circulating fluid through said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing, attaching the other end of said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing to the return tubing for returning said fluid to a heat pump ;, system.
:,;
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent from reading the following description which has been prepared in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure l is an elevated cut-away side view of the underground heat exchanging apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, particularly illustrating the completed installation of the apparatus.
Figure 2 is an elevated cross-sectional view of the apparatus as shown in Figure l.
2~2~8~9 DESCRIPTION_OF THE PREFERRED_EMBODIMENTS
A sectional view of the in-ground apparatus is schematically illustrated in Figura l. The apparatus consists of a single tube or portions of tube l comprised of an inlet tube 2, a coil tube 3 and a return tube 4.
The tube l is inserted horizontally within a horizontal trench 5. Inlet tube 2 is connected to an open holding tank 6 (not shown) or to the outlet of the heat pump 7 (not shown) and return tube 4 is connected to the inlet of heat pump 7. The horizontal trench 5 is an excavated trench. The tube 1 is placed in the horizontal trench 5 and the coil portion 3 extends from su~stantially end to end of the horizontal trench 5. The trench 5 is backfilled with sand 8 or other suitable soil material above the coil tube 3, and further backfilled with sand, earth or other material to the top of the horizontal trench 5. For the purpose of the invention, it is not required that the horizontal trench 5 be dug to a depth where the coil tube 3 is impervious to seasonal temperature fluctuations.
The tube l and coil tuhe 3 are constructed from high density elastomeric material such as high density polyethylene or polyhutylene. Plastic is the preferred material since it is a respectable conductor of thermal ~5 energy; it is easily manufactured and is relatively inexpensive, and it does not corrode.
~2~g~9 ~ 6 --The preferred diameter of the tube l is 1.5 cm to lO cm, dependent upon the application, the inventor's pre~erred diameter being 33mm.
The preferred diameter of the coi]L tube 3 ranges upward from 30 cm. A 60 cm spiral is regarded as representing both a practical and efficient diameter.
Due to the spiral construction of the coil tube 3 a designer may choose a heat extraction clensity through the degree the coil tube 3 is to be stretched. With the various diameters for tube 1, and the preferrsd coil tube 3 diameter, a pitch of 8 cm to 30 cm is suggested.
Figure 2 illustrates the location of the return tube 4 to the coil tube 3. The absolute length of the tube used for the coil tube 3 is so many times longer than that of the return tube 4, that thermal interference between them is negligible.
For a 60 cm diameter coil tube 3, a trench 5 of depth of 1.8 m is recommended. This depth may be easily achieved by use of a backhoe, and in most applications excavation costs should be relatively moderate. The trench 5 may be 30 meters or longer depending on the heat :~ or cold to be absorbed or disseminated.
Installation o~ the horizontal heat exchange apparatus is fast and simple, factors which greatly enhance the commercial application of ground source heat pumps. once horizontal trench 5 is excavated, the tubing 2, 3 and 4 is then placed within the horizontal trench 5.
Inlet tube 2 is connected to the open holding tank 6 (not 7 _ 2~2~8~9 shown) or to the outlet of the heat pump 7 (not shown) and return tube 4 is connected to the inlet of heat pump 7. The next step involves stretching the coil tube 3 to the desired pitch and connecting it to the inlet tube 2 and outlet tube 4. The high density elastomeric coil tube 3 is strong enough to allow easy and effective backfilling. The geometry of the coil tube 3 is automatically assured by the coil itself. The saturated sand 8 or other suitable material should be backfilled to above the diameter of the coils. Backfill may then be added to the horizontal trench 5 to achieve ground level.
By utilizing a high conductivity backfill such as saturated sand 8 to surround tubes 2, 3 and 4, contact between the saturated sand 8 and the surrounding ground becomes the actual heat transfer surface in this system.
A brine solution, such as watertmethanol, water/glycol or water/calcîum chloride, is used as the heat carrying fluid. The fluid circulates through the closed loop comprised of components 2 r 3 and 4, and through a water/refrigerant heat exchanger within the heat pump. The system anticipates an open holdîng tank and only enough pressure to circulate the fluid is required. The possibility of air collectîon at the top of the coils of the coil tube 3 can be overcome by using an oversized pump and carefully deaerating the system at the time of filling.
While the present invention has been descrîbed above merely with respect to a few preferred embodiments . "' ' .
;
:, ' ~,:
- 8 - 2 ~2 5 8 69 thereof, it should of course be understood that the invention is not thereby limited, but includes any acceptable or various changes which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for extracting heat or cold from soil effected by seasonal temperatures comprising:
excavating an elongated horizontal trench, installing an elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing from substantially end to end of said trench, the diameter of the elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing being slightly less than the width of said elongated trench, attaching one end of said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing to the inlet tubing for circulating fluid through said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing, attaching the other end of said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing to the return tubing for returning said fluid to a heat pump system.
excavating an elongated horizontal trench, installing an elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing from substantially end to end of said trench, the diameter of the elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing being slightly less than the width of said elongated trench, attaching one end of said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing to the inlet tubing for circulating fluid through said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing, attaching the other end of said elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing to the return tubing for returning said fluid to a heat pump system.
2. The method of extracting heat or cold from soil of claim 1, in which the diameter of the coil of high density elastomaric tubing is between 30 and 150 cm.
3. The method of extracting heat or cold from soil of claim 2 in which the diameter of the high density elastomeric tubing used to form the coil is between 1.5cm to 10cm.
4. The method of extracting heat or cold from soil of claim 3 in which the spiral pitch of the coil of high density elastomeric tubing is between 8 cm and 16 cm.
5. The method of extracting heat or cold from soil of claim 1 or 2 in which the coil of high density elastomeric tubing is made from high density polyethylene.
6. The method of extracting heat or cold from soil of claim 1 or 2 in which the coil of elongated plastic pipe is made from polyethylene.
7. A coil of high density elastomeric tubing for use in a method for extracting heat or cold from soil, the diameter of the elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing being between 30 and 150 cm, the diameter of the pipe forming the elongated coil of high density elastomeric tubing being between 1.5 and 10 cm, and the spiral pitch of the coils of the elongated high density elastomeric tubing is between 8 and 30 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002025869A CA2025869A1 (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1990-09-20 | Horizontal spiral ground heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002025869A CA2025869A1 (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1990-09-20 | Horizontal spiral ground heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2025869A1 true CA2025869A1 (en) | 1992-03-21 |
Family
ID=4146023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002025869A Abandoned CA2025869A1 (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1990-09-20 | Horizontal spiral ground heat exchanger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2025869A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106595338A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-04-26 | 滨州市甲力太阳能科技有限公司 | Coil pipe type heat exchanger |
| CN110542339A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-06 | 安徽建筑大学 | Passive seasonal energy supply and storage system |
-
1990
- 1990-09-20 CA CA002025869A patent/CA2025869A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106595338A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-04-26 | 滨州市甲力太阳能科技有限公司 | Coil pipe type heat exchanger |
| CN106595338B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-10-12 | 滨州市甲力太阳能科技有限公司 | A kind of coil exchanger |
| CN110542339A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-06 | 安徽建筑大学 | Passive seasonal energy supply and storage system |
| CN110542339B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2023-10-13 | 安徽建筑大学 | Passive cross-season energy supply and energy storage system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Dead |