CA2010235A1 - Injecting gas into molten metal - Google Patents
Injecting gas into molten metalInfo
- Publication number
- CA2010235A1 CA2010235A1 CA002010235A CA2010235A CA2010235A1 CA 2010235 A1 CA2010235 A1 CA 2010235A1 CA 002010235 A CA002010235 A CA 002010235A CA 2010235 A CA2010235 A CA 2010235A CA 2010235 A1 CA2010235 A1 CA 2010235A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- passageway
- molten metal
- gas
- media disperser
- openings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 43
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005441 aurora Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 freon Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
INJECTING GAS INTO MOLTEN METAL
Abstract Gas is injected into molten metal by flowing the molten metal through a passageway (24), and by providing a plurality of openings about the periphery of the passageway (24). The gas is injected through the openings into the molten metal flowing through the passageway (24). Preferably, the openings are defined by a porous ceramic media disperser (32) that forms a portion of the passageway (24).
Abstract Gas is injected into molten metal by flowing the molten metal through a passageway (24), and by providing a plurality of openings about the periphery of the passageway (24). The gas is injected through the openings into the molten metal flowing through the passageway (24). Preferably, the openings are defined by a porous ceramic media disperser (32) that forms a portion of the passageway (24).
Description
2~
INJECTING GAS INTO MOLTEN METAL
Background of_the Invention 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to techniques for injecting gas into molten metal and, more particularly, to a technique for uniformly injecting gas into molten metal being pumped through a passageway.
2. Description of the Prior Art In the course of processing molten metals, it sometimes is necessary to treat the metals with gas. For example, it is customary to in~ect gases such as nitrogen, chlorine, and argon into molten aluminum and molten aluminum alloys in order to remove undeslrable constituents such as hydrogen gas, non-metallic lncluslons, and alkali metal~. The gases added to the molten metal chemically react wlth the undesired constituents to convert them to a form (such as a precipitate, a dross, or an insoluble gas compound) that can be separated readily from the remainder of the molten metal.
As used herein, reference to "molten metal" will be understood to mean any metal such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, iron, and alloys thereof, which are amenable to gas purification.
Further, the term "gas" will be understood to mean any gas or combination of gases, including argon, nitrogen, chlorine, freon, sulfur hexafluoride, and the like, that have a purifying effect upon molten metals with which they are mixed.
. -~ 3 ~235 In the particular case of molten metal that has been melted in a reverberatory furnace, gas injection typically is accomplished by immersing a molten metal pump into the molten metal, and by injecting gas through a conduit into the outlet passageway of the pump. Suitable gas injection pumps of the type described are available commercially from Metaullics Systems, 31935 Aurora Road, Solon, Ohio 44139, under the model designation M30-CSD-Cl~ et al. In the referenced pumps, the gas is injected through a so-called flux tube, or injection tube having an inner diameter of approximately one-half inch. The flux tube is connected to the discharge passageway of the pump along the upper ~ide of the passageway.
Although the referenced pumps function well to in;ect purifying gas into the molten metal, certain problems have not been addressed. One of these problems relates to mixing the purifying gas as uniformly a~ possible with the molten metal being pumped.
Because the gas i8 injected through a relatively large tube at a single injection point, relatively large bubbles (incipient bubbles) of gas are discharged into the molten metal. It i5 only the high speed stream of molten metal which shears the incipient bubbles into a wide array of finely dispersed, smaller bubbles.
The speed of the molten metal, which is dependent upon the speed of rotation of the pump 1 8 impeller, thus ~ontrols the reaction rate, with smaller bubbles, of the gas with the metal.
Desirably, the gas would be injected uniformly into the molten metal in the form of very small incipient bubbles so that intimate mixing of the gas and molten metal would occur as quickly as po6sible. It also would be desirable to be able to inje~t small 2~3~
bubbles and dispexse the~ a~ rapidly as possible at all pump speeds, including very low speeds.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a new and improved S technique for injecting gas into molten metal that addresses the foregoing concerns. Apparatus according to the invention includes a passageway through which molten metal can be passed. A plurality of openings are disposed about the periphery of the passageway, and a means for injecting gas through the openings is provided.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the passageway constitute~ the outlet of a molten metal pump, and the op~nings are defined by a porous media disperser that is disposed within the passageway 80 as to form a portion of the inner wall of the pas~ageway. The media disperser preferably is made from bonded ceramic grain porous media, but it can be made from other material~, including graphite. The means for injecting gas includes a circumferential groove formed about the media disperser, the groove being in fluid communication with a source of compressed gas.
The invention also includes a method for injecting gas into molten metal that comprises the steps of passing the molten metal through a passageway having a predetermined cross-section, providing a plurality of openings in the passageway about the periphery of the passageway, and injecting gas into the molten metal through the openings of the passageway. In the preferred embodiment, the cross-section defines a circle, and the openings are defined by a porous ceramic media disperser.
.
.
2~ 5 By use of the present in~ention, the gas is injected into the molten metal uniformly about the periphery of the passageway. Moreover, because the gas is passed through a porous media disperser, exceedingly small bubbles of gas are discharged into the molten metal. By injecting very small bubbles and by in~ecting them uniformly about the periphery of the passageway, the gas is intimately mixed with the molten metal in a very short period of time. Excellent results are obtained at all pump speeds.
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and are dQscribed in more detail in the specification and claims that ~ollow.
8rief Descri~tion of the Drawinas Figure 1 i8 a perspective view of a vessel containing molten metal into which a gas injection apparatus has been immersed;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the gas injection apparatus of Figure 1 with a gas injection conduit being shown out of position for purposes of clarity o~ illustration~
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1, taken along a plane indicated by line 3-3 in Figure 2;
and Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, showing an alternative embodiment of the invention.
2~23~
Description of the PreferredlE~odiment Referrinq to Figures 1-3, a gas injection apparatus according to the invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 10. The apparatus 10 is in the for~ of a pump that is adapted to be immersed in molten metal contained within a vessel 14. The vessel 14 can be any container containing molten metal that i3 desired to be purified, although it is expected that the vessel 14 will be the external well of a reverberatory furnace.
It is to be understood that the pump can be any type of pump ~uitable for pumping molten metal. Generally speaking, however, and as particularly shown in Figures 2 and 3, the pump will have a base member 16 within which an impeller 18 is disposed.
The ba~e member 16 includes an outlet passageway 20. A fitting 22 is secured to the base member 16, the fitting including a ; 15 passageway 24 that 18 aliqned with the outlet passageway 20. A
sleeve 26 is secured to the fitting 22 hy means of a threaded ~;~ connection indicated at 28. A fluid-tight seal is effected by refractory cement indicated by the reference numeral 29. The sleeve 26 is hollow so as to define a longitudinally extending bore 30. The bore 30 is axially aligned with the passageway 24.
;~ Referring particularly to Figure 3, a porous ceramic media disperser 32 in the form of a ring is disposed within the ,~ fitting 22, and is held in place there by the sleeve 26. The media disperser 32 is compressed against a shoulder 34 formed within the fitting 22, the compression being accomplished by the end of the sleeve 26. A circumferential groove 36 is formed in the fitting 22 about the outer periphery of the media disperser 32. The fitting 22 includes a passageway 38 that is in fluid communication , :-'` , , ' .
2~ 5 , .
with the groove 36. Similarly, the base member 16 includes a passageway 40 that is in fluid communication with the passageway - 38. A gas in~ection conduit 42 i5 connected to the base member 16. The conduit 42 includes an internal passageway 44 that is in fluid communica~ion with the passageway 40 and with a source of compressed gas (not shown). The conduit 42 also functions as a support for the base member 16.
The media disperser 32 preferably is made from bonded ceramic grain porous media commercially available from Metaullics System~ of Solon, Ohio. A variety of materials can be used to make the media disperser 32. It has been found that glass frit-bonded aluminum oxide or glass frit-bonded silicon carbide works e~pecially well when in~ecting inert gase6 such as nitrogen, argon, or sul~ur hexafluoride into molten aluminum, magnesium, copper, or alloy~ thereof. Alternatively, a porous graphite media disperser or a ~intered oxide-based ceramic media disperser may be used when the gas being in~ected ig chlorine. The size and number of the openlngs in the media disperser 32 are important because they determine, in large measure, the size of the bubbles that are in~ected into the molten metal discharged by the pump 10.
Commercially available porous media dispersers that provide acceptable ga6 flow rates and small bubble size have pore diameters in the range of 10-100 microns. Gas flow rates and volumes are dependent upon the size of the media disperser and applied pres~ure. Those skilled in the art will be able to select appropriate media dispersers to suit their particular needs.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 4. In this embodiment of the invention, the fitting 22 ,~
, ~
,:
Z~2~5 :
is replaced by a fitting 50. The fitting 50 i8 substantially similar to the fitting 22, and like elements are indicated by like re~erence numerals carried over from Figures 2 and 3. Instead of employing the pas~ageway 38, however, the embodiment shown in Figure 4 employs a passageway 52 which opens into a counterbored portion 54. A gas in;ection conduit 56 having an internal passageway 58 is secured within the counterbored portion 54 so that the pa~sageways 52, 58 are in fluid communication with each other. The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 4 thus is usable with a molten metal pump of virtually any type, provided the fitting 50 can be secured to the outlet of the pump.
By use of the present invention, gas is injected into the molten metal uni~ormly about the periphery of the passageway 24.
: The bubbles that are injected are very small, and they become intimately mixed with the molten metal flowing through the pa~sageway 24 and the bore 30. The only significant limitation on the sleeve 26 is that it should be long enough to ensure complete mixing of the gas and the molten metal. Additionally, because the media disperser 32 is formed of a ceramic material, it withstands very well the corrosive and erosive action of the molten metal. Additionally, because the sleeve 26 is threaded into the fitting 22, the media disperser 32 can be replaced conveniently when necessary.
Although the invention has been described in its : 25 preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it will be understood that the present disclosure of the preferred embodiment has been made only by way of example and that various changes may be resorted to without departing from the true spirit and scope of .
2C~ 5 the ~nvention as hereinafter claimed. It i8 intended that the patent shall cover, by suitable expression in the appended claims, whatever features of patentable novelty exist in the invention disclosed.
INJECTING GAS INTO MOLTEN METAL
Background of_the Invention 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to techniques for injecting gas into molten metal and, more particularly, to a technique for uniformly injecting gas into molten metal being pumped through a passageway.
2. Description of the Prior Art In the course of processing molten metals, it sometimes is necessary to treat the metals with gas. For example, it is customary to in~ect gases such as nitrogen, chlorine, and argon into molten aluminum and molten aluminum alloys in order to remove undeslrable constituents such as hydrogen gas, non-metallic lncluslons, and alkali metal~. The gases added to the molten metal chemically react wlth the undesired constituents to convert them to a form (such as a precipitate, a dross, or an insoluble gas compound) that can be separated readily from the remainder of the molten metal.
As used herein, reference to "molten metal" will be understood to mean any metal such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, iron, and alloys thereof, which are amenable to gas purification.
Further, the term "gas" will be understood to mean any gas or combination of gases, including argon, nitrogen, chlorine, freon, sulfur hexafluoride, and the like, that have a purifying effect upon molten metals with which they are mixed.
. -~ 3 ~235 In the particular case of molten metal that has been melted in a reverberatory furnace, gas injection typically is accomplished by immersing a molten metal pump into the molten metal, and by injecting gas through a conduit into the outlet passageway of the pump. Suitable gas injection pumps of the type described are available commercially from Metaullics Systems, 31935 Aurora Road, Solon, Ohio 44139, under the model designation M30-CSD-Cl~ et al. In the referenced pumps, the gas is injected through a so-called flux tube, or injection tube having an inner diameter of approximately one-half inch. The flux tube is connected to the discharge passageway of the pump along the upper ~ide of the passageway.
Although the referenced pumps function well to in;ect purifying gas into the molten metal, certain problems have not been addressed. One of these problems relates to mixing the purifying gas as uniformly a~ possible with the molten metal being pumped.
Because the gas i8 injected through a relatively large tube at a single injection point, relatively large bubbles (incipient bubbles) of gas are discharged into the molten metal. It i5 only the high speed stream of molten metal which shears the incipient bubbles into a wide array of finely dispersed, smaller bubbles.
The speed of the molten metal, which is dependent upon the speed of rotation of the pump 1 8 impeller, thus ~ontrols the reaction rate, with smaller bubbles, of the gas with the metal.
Desirably, the gas would be injected uniformly into the molten metal in the form of very small incipient bubbles so that intimate mixing of the gas and molten metal would occur as quickly as po6sible. It also would be desirable to be able to inje~t small 2~3~
bubbles and dispexse the~ a~ rapidly as possible at all pump speeds, including very low speeds.
Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a new and improved S technique for injecting gas into molten metal that addresses the foregoing concerns. Apparatus according to the invention includes a passageway through which molten metal can be passed. A plurality of openings are disposed about the periphery of the passageway, and a means for injecting gas through the openings is provided.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the passageway constitute~ the outlet of a molten metal pump, and the op~nings are defined by a porous media disperser that is disposed within the passageway 80 as to form a portion of the inner wall of the pas~ageway. The media disperser preferably is made from bonded ceramic grain porous media, but it can be made from other material~, including graphite. The means for injecting gas includes a circumferential groove formed about the media disperser, the groove being in fluid communication with a source of compressed gas.
The invention also includes a method for injecting gas into molten metal that comprises the steps of passing the molten metal through a passageway having a predetermined cross-section, providing a plurality of openings in the passageway about the periphery of the passageway, and injecting gas into the molten metal through the openings of the passageway. In the preferred embodiment, the cross-section defines a circle, and the openings are defined by a porous ceramic media disperser.
.
.
2~ 5 By use of the present in~ention, the gas is injected into the molten metal uniformly about the periphery of the passageway. Moreover, because the gas is passed through a porous media disperser, exceedingly small bubbles of gas are discharged into the molten metal. By injecting very small bubbles and by in~ecting them uniformly about the periphery of the passageway, the gas is intimately mixed with the molten metal in a very short period of time. Excellent results are obtained at all pump speeds.
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and are dQscribed in more detail in the specification and claims that ~ollow.
8rief Descri~tion of the Drawinas Figure 1 i8 a perspective view of a vessel containing molten metal into which a gas injection apparatus has been immersed;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the gas injection apparatus of Figure 1 with a gas injection conduit being shown out of position for purposes of clarity o~ illustration~
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1, taken along a plane indicated by line 3-3 in Figure 2;
and Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, showing an alternative embodiment of the invention.
2~23~
Description of the PreferredlE~odiment Referrinq to Figures 1-3, a gas injection apparatus according to the invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 10. The apparatus 10 is in the for~ of a pump that is adapted to be immersed in molten metal contained within a vessel 14. The vessel 14 can be any container containing molten metal that i3 desired to be purified, although it is expected that the vessel 14 will be the external well of a reverberatory furnace.
It is to be understood that the pump can be any type of pump ~uitable for pumping molten metal. Generally speaking, however, and as particularly shown in Figures 2 and 3, the pump will have a base member 16 within which an impeller 18 is disposed.
The ba~e member 16 includes an outlet passageway 20. A fitting 22 is secured to the base member 16, the fitting including a ; 15 passageway 24 that 18 aliqned with the outlet passageway 20. A
sleeve 26 is secured to the fitting 22 hy means of a threaded ~;~ connection indicated at 28. A fluid-tight seal is effected by refractory cement indicated by the reference numeral 29. The sleeve 26 is hollow so as to define a longitudinally extending bore 30. The bore 30 is axially aligned with the passageway 24.
;~ Referring particularly to Figure 3, a porous ceramic media disperser 32 in the form of a ring is disposed within the ,~ fitting 22, and is held in place there by the sleeve 26. The media disperser 32 is compressed against a shoulder 34 formed within the fitting 22, the compression being accomplished by the end of the sleeve 26. A circumferential groove 36 is formed in the fitting 22 about the outer periphery of the media disperser 32. The fitting 22 includes a passageway 38 that is in fluid communication , :-'` , , ' .
2~ 5 , .
with the groove 36. Similarly, the base member 16 includes a passageway 40 that is in fluid communication with the passageway - 38. A gas in~ection conduit 42 i5 connected to the base member 16. The conduit 42 includes an internal passageway 44 that is in fluid communica~ion with the passageway 40 and with a source of compressed gas (not shown). The conduit 42 also functions as a support for the base member 16.
The media disperser 32 preferably is made from bonded ceramic grain porous media commercially available from Metaullics System~ of Solon, Ohio. A variety of materials can be used to make the media disperser 32. It has been found that glass frit-bonded aluminum oxide or glass frit-bonded silicon carbide works e~pecially well when in~ecting inert gase6 such as nitrogen, argon, or sul~ur hexafluoride into molten aluminum, magnesium, copper, or alloy~ thereof. Alternatively, a porous graphite media disperser or a ~intered oxide-based ceramic media disperser may be used when the gas being in~ected ig chlorine. The size and number of the openlngs in the media disperser 32 are important because they determine, in large measure, the size of the bubbles that are in~ected into the molten metal discharged by the pump 10.
Commercially available porous media dispersers that provide acceptable ga6 flow rates and small bubble size have pore diameters in the range of 10-100 microns. Gas flow rates and volumes are dependent upon the size of the media disperser and applied pres~ure. Those skilled in the art will be able to select appropriate media dispersers to suit their particular needs.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 4. In this embodiment of the invention, the fitting 22 ,~
, ~
,:
Z~2~5 :
is replaced by a fitting 50. The fitting 50 i8 substantially similar to the fitting 22, and like elements are indicated by like re~erence numerals carried over from Figures 2 and 3. Instead of employing the pas~ageway 38, however, the embodiment shown in Figure 4 employs a passageway 52 which opens into a counterbored portion 54. A gas in;ection conduit 56 having an internal passageway 58 is secured within the counterbored portion 54 so that the pa~sageways 52, 58 are in fluid communication with each other. The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 4 thus is usable with a molten metal pump of virtually any type, provided the fitting 50 can be secured to the outlet of the pump.
By use of the present invention, gas is injected into the molten metal uni~ormly about the periphery of the passageway 24.
: The bubbles that are injected are very small, and they become intimately mixed with the molten metal flowing through the pa~sageway 24 and the bore 30. The only significant limitation on the sleeve 26 is that it should be long enough to ensure complete mixing of the gas and the molten metal. Additionally, because the media disperser 32 is formed of a ceramic material, it withstands very well the corrosive and erosive action of the molten metal. Additionally, because the sleeve 26 is threaded into the fitting 22, the media disperser 32 can be replaced conveniently when necessary.
Although the invention has been described in its : 25 preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it will be understood that the present disclosure of the preferred embodiment has been made only by way of example and that various changes may be resorted to without departing from the true spirit and scope of .
2C~ 5 the ~nvention as hereinafter claimed. It i8 intended that the patent shall cover, by suitable expression in the appended claims, whatever features of patentable novelty exist in the invention disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A method of injecting gas into molten metal, comprising the steps of:
passing the molten metal through a passageway (24) having a predetermined cross-section;
providing a plurality of openings about the periphery of the passageway (24); and injecting gas through the openings into the metal in the passageway (24).
passing the molten metal through a passageway (24) having a predetermined cross-section;
providing a plurality of openings about the periphery of the passageway (24); and injecting gas through the openings into the metal in the passageway (24).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the openings are defined by a porous media disperser (32).
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the media disperser (32) is in the form of a porous body of ceramic or graphite.
4. A method of injecting gas into molten metal, comprising the steps of:
providing a molten metal pump (10) having an outlet passageway (24) of a predetermined cross-section;
passing molten metal under pressure through the outlet passageway (24);
providing a plurality of openings about the periphery of the passageway (24); and injecting gas through the openings into molten metal flowing through the passageway (24).
providing a molten metal pump (10) having an outlet passageway (24) of a predetermined cross-section;
passing molten metal under pressure through the outlet passageway (24);
providing a plurality of openings about the periphery of the passageway (24); and injecting gas through the openings into molten metal flowing through the passageway (24).
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the openings are defined by a porous media disperser (32).
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the media disperser (32) is in the form of a porous body of ceramic or graphite.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the openings are defined by a porous media disperser (32), and the inner diameter of the media disperser (32) defines the inner diameter of a portion of the passageway (24).
8. Apparatus for injecting gas into molten metal, comprising:
a passageway (24) through which the molten metal can flow;
a porous media disperser (32) disposed within the passageway (24) about the periphery of the passageway (24); and means for injecting gas through the porous media disperser (32) into the molten metal flowing through the passageway (24).
a passageway (24) through which the molten metal can flow;
a porous media disperser (32) disposed within the passageway (24) about the periphery of the passageway (24); and means for injecting gas through the porous media disperser (32) into the molten metal flowing through the passageway (24).
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the passageway (24) is defined by a fitting (22) to which a sleeve (26) is secured, the sleeve (26) engaging the media disperser (32) and holding the media disperser (32) in place within the fitting (22).
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the inner diameter of the media disperser (32) defines the inner diameter of a portion of the passageway (24).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US31289389A | 1989-02-17 | 1989-02-17 | |
| US312,893 | 1989-02-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2010235A1 true CA2010235A1 (en) | 1990-08-17 |
Family
ID=23213482
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002010235A Abandoned CA2010235A1 (en) | 1989-02-17 | 1990-02-16 | Injecting gas into molten metal |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0385617A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02290930A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900013092A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4988890A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9000732A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2010235A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT57277A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL93349A0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO900760L (en) |
| PT (1) | PT93185A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2652018B1 (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1994-03-25 | Pechiney Rhenalu | DEVICE FOR TREATING WITH GAS FROM A LARGE SURFACE ALUMINUM LIQUID BATH MAINTAINED IN A STATIONARY STATE IN AN OVEN. |
| FR2670839A1 (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-06-26 | Cit Alcatel | MACHINE, SUCH AS A VACUUM PUMP OR COMPRESSOR OF THE VOLUMETRIC OR DRIVE TYPE. |
| AUPN204895A0 (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1995-04-27 | University Of Queensland, The | Method of generation and dispersion of fine bubbles and apparatus therefor |
| CN108396109B (en) * | 2017-02-05 | 2019-08-27 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for generating dispersed bubbles in molten steel in steel ladle |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2101000B1 (en) * | 1970-08-04 | 1977-01-14 | Activite Atom Avance | |
| US4052199A (en) * | 1975-07-21 | 1977-10-04 | The Carborundum Company | Gas injection method |
| CH641839A5 (en) * | 1979-07-10 | 1984-03-15 | Alusuisse | DEVICE FOR INITIATING GASES IN METAL MELT. |
| US4351514A (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-09-28 | Koch Fenton C | Apparatus for purifying molten metal |
| IT1176428B (en) * | 1984-07-18 | 1987-08-18 | Radex Italiana Spa | OUTLET SLEEVE IN A DEVICE TO CONTROL THE STEEL FLOW MELTED FROM A LADLE OR A BASKET |
-
1990
- 1990-02-12 IL IL93349A patent/IL93349A0/en unknown
- 1990-02-15 EP EP90301657A patent/EP0385617A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-02-16 BR BR909000732A patent/BR9000732A/en unknown
- 1990-02-16 PT PT93185A patent/PT93185A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-02-16 AU AU49888/90A patent/AU4988890A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-02-16 JP JP2035986A patent/JPH02290930A/en active Pending
- 1990-02-16 CA CA002010235A patent/CA2010235A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-02-16 NO NO90900760A patent/NO900760L/en unknown
- 1990-02-16 HU HU90835A patent/HUT57277A/en unknown
- 1990-02-17 KR KR1019900002002A patent/KR900013092A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT93185A (en) | 1991-10-15 |
| HU900835D0 (en) | 1990-05-28 |
| JPH02290930A (en) | 1990-11-30 |
| NO900760L (en) | 1990-08-20 |
| HUT57277A (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| KR900013092A (en) | 1990-09-03 |
| AU4988890A (en) | 1990-08-23 |
| IL93349A0 (en) | 1990-11-29 |
| NO900760D0 (en) | 1990-02-16 |
| BR9000732A (en) | 1991-01-22 |
| EP0385617A1 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |