CA1335555C - Device for collecting biological material - Google Patents
Device for collecting biological materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1335555C CA1335555C CA 566725 CA566725A CA1335555C CA 1335555 C CA1335555 C CA 1335555C CA 566725 CA566725 CA 566725 CA 566725 A CA566725 A CA 566725A CA 1335555 C CA1335555 C CA 1335555C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- loop
- shaft
- collection
- section
- distal end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0291—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy for uterus
Abstract
A device for collecting biological material is disclosed. The device comprises a shaft with a loop-like collection means at one end. The collection means provides a non-cutting, scraping edge to allow collection of the material without cutting. In a preferred embodiment, the collection means retains the material by diverting it into the interior portion of the collection means. The biological material is released from the device by rotation of the shaft or by elution in an appropriate solvent.
Description
DEVICE FOR COLLECTING BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of Invention This invention relates to devices for collecting 15 biological samples. The devices are particularly ~uited for collecting exudates, fluids and columnar epithelium from the endocervix.
Swabs with rough, woven surfaces have been used historically to collect specimens for the analysis of 20 infectious disease from various anatomical sites, including the throat, urethra, vagina, endocervix, rectum and skin. Materials such as cotton, rayon, dacron and nylon were commonly employed as swabs because they absorb significant volumes of fluid and provide for some 25 scrapin9 action.
Swabs are, however, unsuitable for elution methods and for the preparation of direct smears. The absorption and retention properties of swabs and the release properties of swabs are mutually exclusive. A swab made 30 from a material that readily absorbs fluid generally has poor release properties. Therefore, material which is transferred from such a swab to a glass slide contributes significantly to poor assay sensitivity; Furthermore, attempts to elute absorbed material from swabs have shown 7165Y ~ 26150-FF
~ -2- 1335S5~
that, even with the addition of reagents such as detergents, salts and the like to aid elution, the absorption of biological materials by swabs is difficult to reverse. Furthermore, reagents used to chemically actuate elution can actually contribute to the problems associated with loss of antigenic integrity of the subject analyte, toxicity to indicator cell lines in culture tests and an increase in background noise or interference in the assay.
A second problem area relates to specimen quality in terms of how the test material is temporarily absorbed by the swab. For example, as a swab is inserted into the endocervix, it will begin to absorb lumenal material first depending on the viscosity and volume of the 5 contacted material. Thereafter, cellular material and material lining the surface of the endocervix is scraped off as the swab is rotated. The cellular material and the material lining the surface of the endocervix may or may not be absorbed by the swab. Low viscosity lumenal 20 material will reside in the interior of the swab to a greater degree than the superficial epithelial cells and adherent analyte. When the collected material is transferred directly to a glass slide only that part of the specimen on the outside of the swab is transferred.
25 Whereas, if elution is used, extraction of lumenal material from the interior of the swab may also be poor.
In those instances wherein lumenal mucus is heavy, access of material to the interior of the swab may be blocked off, thereby effectively stopping absorption early on.
30 Furthermore, the outside of a swab cannot scrap effectively, if covered by a cushion of mucus. The performance of the swab is, therefore, highly dependent on the qualitative and quantitative content of the specimen at the time of sampling. The stage of a 35 disease, such as, for example, chlamydia, and other physiological factors may markedly effect the qualitative content of the specimen at the site.
Metal or plastic bacti loops are often used in place of swabs to obtain urogenital samples for testing sexually transmissible diseases. Metal loops have been used primarily in Europe but for safety reasons are not generally considered acceptable in the United States.
The plastic loops available in the United States cannot, in the absence of copious exudate, be relied on to gather sufficient material or to provide for a scraping action as does the swab or, to a lesser extent, the metal loop.
A device called a cytobrush has been used in place of a swab for collecting endocervical samples in nonpregnant patients. The device resembles a miniature bottle cleaning brush and has bristles of various lengths. During collection, biological material including columnar cells adhere to the bristles.
There is a need, therefore, for a collection device that will allow scraping of a surface to collect material without cutting, and will retain the sample material, including both lumenal and scraped material, during and after collection of the specimen. Additionally, such a device will provide consistent qualitative sampling and substantially complete quantitative release during 25 elution.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of Invention This invention relates to devices for collecting 15 biological samples. The devices are particularly ~uited for collecting exudates, fluids and columnar epithelium from the endocervix.
Swabs with rough, woven surfaces have been used historically to collect specimens for the analysis of 20 infectious disease from various anatomical sites, including the throat, urethra, vagina, endocervix, rectum and skin. Materials such as cotton, rayon, dacron and nylon were commonly employed as swabs because they absorb significant volumes of fluid and provide for some 25 scrapin9 action.
Swabs are, however, unsuitable for elution methods and for the preparation of direct smears. The absorption and retention properties of swabs and the release properties of swabs are mutually exclusive. A swab made 30 from a material that readily absorbs fluid generally has poor release properties. Therefore, material which is transferred from such a swab to a glass slide contributes significantly to poor assay sensitivity; Furthermore, attempts to elute absorbed material from swabs have shown 7165Y ~ 26150-FF
~ -2- 1335S5~
that, even with the addition of reagents such as detergents, salts and the like to aid elution, the absorption of biological materials by swabs is difficult to reverse. Furthermore, reagents used to chemically actuate elution can actually contribute to the problems associated with loss of antigenic integrity of the subject analyte, toxicity to indicator cell lines in culture tests and an increase in background noise or interference in the assay.
A second problem area relates to specimen quality in terms of how the test material is temporarily absorbed by the swab. For example, as a swab is inserted into the endocervix, it will begin to absorb lumenal material first depending on the viscosity and volume of the 5 contacted material. Thereafter, cellular material and material lining the surface of the endocervix is scraped off as the swab is rotated. The cellular material and the material lining the surface of the endocervix may or may not be absorbed by the swab. Low viscosity lumenal 20 material will reside in the interior of the swab to a greater degree than the superficial epithelial cells and adherent analyte. When the collected material is transferred directly to a glass slide only that part of the specimen on the outside of the swab is transferred.
25 Whereas, if elution is used, extraction of lumenal material from the interior of the swab may also be poor.
In those instances wherein lumenal mucus is heavy, access of material to the interior of the swab may be blocked off, thereby effectively stopping absorption early on.
30 Furthermore, the outside of a swab cannot scrap effectively, if covered by a cushion of mucus. The performance of the swab is, therefore, highly dependent on the qualitative and quantitative content of the specimen at the time of sampling. The stage of a 35 disease, such as, for example, chlamydia, and other physiological factors may markedly effect the qualitative content of the specimen at the site.
Metal or plastic bacti loops are often used in place of swabs to obtain urogenital samples for testing sexually transmissible diseases. Metal loops have been used primarily in Europe but for safety reasons are not generally considered acceptable in the United States.
The plastic loops available in the United States cannot, in the absence of copious exudate, be relied on to gather sufficient material or to provide for a scraping action as does the swab or, to a lesser extent, the metal loop.
A device called a cytobrush has been used in place of a swab for collecting endocervical samples in nonpregnant patients. The device resembles a miniature bottle cleaning brush and has bristles of various lengths. During collection, biological material including columnar cells adhere to the bristles.
There is a need, therefore, for a collection device that will allow scraping of a surface to collect material without cutting, and will retain the sample material, including both lumenal and scraped material, during and after collection of the specimen. Additionally, such a device will provide consistent qualitative sampling and substantially complete quantitative release during 25 elution.
2. Description of the Prior Art U.S. Patent No. 4,020,847 discloses a rotating cutter catheter with a straight cutting edge configured 30 to cut only protruding irregularities along non-desquamating endothelial lining of blood vessels without sampling the intact, normal surface. U.S. Patent No. 2,437,329 discloses a surgical instrument for curetting having a longitudinal opening formed in the 35 wall of the tube. One lip of the longitudinal opening is everted to form a curetting member. A rectal scraper is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2,495,794. U.S. Patent No.
3,626,470 discloses a diagnostic device for obtaining cytological samples. The device has an elongated handle with a flexibly coupled platform with a spongelike pledget. A cutting tool and a biopsy punch are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,876,777 and 2,778,357, respectively. Inoculation devices are disclosed in U.S.
Patent Nos. 3,850,754, 3,455,788 and 3,234,109.
Curettes are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. Des.
275,127 and 219,252. Inoculating loops are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. Des. 274,464 and 271,519. A surgical aspiration catheter and a disposable loop are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. Des. 264,246 and 251,012, respectively.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a device for collection of biological material. The collection device comprises a shaft which has a loop-like collection means at one of its ends. The collection means provides a non-cutting scraping edge.
The collection device of the present invention has the advantage of being contoured to permit optimal sampling over a dimensional anatomical range.
Additionally, the device allows for scraping without cutting and has an internal capacity suitable for collection and retention of a large sample. The overall dimensional configuration of the device permits efficient retention of the sample during and after collection and allows release of substantially all of the collected material by rotation of the shaft with or without elution in an appropriate solvent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the device of FIG. 1.
FIG. 2A is an enlarged side elevation of a portion of the device taken along lines 2A-2A of FIG. 3.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of the device taken along lines 3-3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4Ais a f ront elevation of the device taken along lines 4A-4A of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4B is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 4B-4B of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 4C is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 4C-4C of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 5 is a rear elevation of the device taker~ along lines 5-5 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6A is an enlarged side elevation of the device 20 taken along lines 6A-6A of FIG. 7.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged top plan view of the device taken along lines 7-7 of FIG. 6A.
FIG. 8 is a front elevation of the device taken along lines 8-8 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 9A is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 9A-9A in FIG. 6. ' FIG. 9B is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 9B-9B in FIG. 6.
FIG. 10 is a rear elevation of the device taken along lines 10-10 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of another embodiment of a collection device of the present invention. I
FIG. llA is a top plan view taken along lines 35 llA-llA of the device of FIG. 11.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of still another embodiment of a collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 12A is a top plan view taken along lines 12A-12A of the device of FIG. 12.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of another embodiment of a collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 13A is a top plan view taken along lines 13A-13A of the device of FIG. 13.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of yet another embodiment of the collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 14A is a top plan view taken along lines 14A-14A of the device of FIG. 14.
FIG. 15 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of another embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal 20 end of another embodiment of the collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 16A is a top plan view taken along lines 16A-16A of the device of FIG. 16.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
The device of the present invention is useful for collecting and dispensing biological material. In its broadest aspect the collection device comprises a shaft which has a loop-like collection means at one end of the 30 shaft. The collection means provides a non-cutting scraping edge.
The device of the present invention is particularly suited for collecting and dispensing endocervical specimens. However, any biological material, for example 35 exudates, fluids, cells, and the like may be collected and dispensed using a device in accordance with the present invention. Such material may be collected from various anatomical sites including, but not limited to, the throat, urethra, vagina, rectum, skin, and the like.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a shaft having a loop-like collection means at one end. The end at which the collection means is located is generally referred to as-the distal end of the shaft. The collection means has a substantially 10 non-cutting edge that scrapes biological material and retains it by diverting it into an interior portion of the collection means. The loop-like collection means may have a variety of different shapes. By way of example, but not limitation, the loop-like collection means may be 15 round, oval, elliptical or elongated. The loop-like collection means is preferably elongated. Generally, the loop-like collection means has two sections, a first section and a second section. The first and second sections are defined by a reference plane passing through 20 the distal end of the collection means and perimeter of the collection means. Each section has an external surface and an internal surface. The external surface may be arched. At least one of the sections may be spoon-like. At least one of the sections has a 25 non-cutting scraping edge. The non-cutting scraping edge is generally defined by the junction of the arched --surface of the collection means and its opposed internal surface. The term "loop-like" is used herein to mean a three-dimensional structure that bends so as to form a 30 closed or a partially open curve within itself through which an object can be passed. The end of the loop-like collection means which may be closed or open is preferably rounded and blunt.
The shaft of the present invention is elongated and 35 is preferably substantially rigid. The shaft may be _ -8- 1335555 either solid or hollow. In those cases wherein the shaft is solid, the device is useful for passive sampling. In those instances where the shaft is hollow, the device is useful for active sampling and may be adapted to attach to a source of irrigation or suction at or near the proximal end of the shaft. The shaft may have a means for grasping the device near or at its proximal end. The proximal end is that end of the shaft opposed to the collection means. By way of example, but not limitation, 10 such grasping means may include at least one rib or ridge on the external surface of the shaft, a textured surface, or at least one groove on the external surface of the shaft.
The scraping edge of the present invention scrapes 15 material to be collected without cutting the surrounding tissue. In one aspect, the scraping edge comprises at least one leading edge. The term "leading edge" is used herein to refer to one or more edges which protrude beyond the other edge or edges ~referred to as the 20 trailing or non-scraping edge or edges) and thereby aid the diversion of material into the interior of the collection means when the shaft is rotated. In cases where the device has two leading edges, they may be positioned so as to be sequential or consecutive, thereby 25 allowing collection of material when the device is rotated in either a clockwise or a counter-clockwise -direction. Alternatively, in those instances wherein clockwise or counter-clockwise rotation is preferred, the device may have two leading edges that are non-sequential 30 or non-consecutive. The term "trailing edge" is used herein to refer to one or more edges that are not leading edges and do not protrude.
The end on the tip of the loop-like collection means of the present invention is rounded to prevent cutting of 35 material. The end may be open or closed. Preferably, the end will be open or, if closed, will be as narrow as practical so as to facilitate the flow and collection of material.
Further, the device may include sample retention means mounted within the collection means. The retention means may be attached to the internal surface of at least one section of the collection means. Retention means include by way of example, but not by way of limitation, a grate-like structure, a web-like structure, a fin-like structure, tooth-like or toadstool-like means, ridges, or a septum protruding from at least one internal surface of the collection means and means including at least one member extending between opposed sides of the internal surface of the collection means.
The external surface of the collection means of the present invention may also include a scraping means.
Such scraping means include but are not limited to a textured surface, such as a saw-toothed pattern, at least one ridge, or at least one groove. The scraping means 20 may be axially parallel or perpendicular to the central axis of the shaft of the device. On the other hand, the pattern of the scraping means may be random, for example, a textured surface. The scraping means may cover the entire external surface of the collection means or a 25 portion thereof.
the device of the present invention may optionally include an air channel. The term "air channel" is used herein to indicate a means for allowing the release of air from the interior portion or space of the collection 30 means during collection of biological material.
Preferably, the air channel will comprise at least one longitudinal groove extending a portion of the length of the shaft near or at the distal end thereof and will communicate with the interior space or portion of the 35 collection means.
-lo- 1335555 Tne device of the present invention may be adapted to be inserted into a body orifice of a patient to collect the material by scraping without substantially altering the material being collected. In one instance, the device is adapted to collect the material by encasing lumenal matter. The phrase "encasing lumenal matter" is used herein to mean efficiently capturing or enclosing lumenal contents without altering its quality.
In one aspect, the device is adapted to allow the 10 release of substantially all of the collected material from the interior portion of the loop. Preferably, the device is adapted to release the material without substantially altering it. By this is meant that the collected material is released in such a way as to 15 generally maintain the integrity of the collected .
material. The collected material may be released without substantially altering it by rotating the shaft of the device. Preferably the collected material is released without elution. In some cases, the material may be zo released by placing the collection means in a liquid and rotating the shaft. To facilitate removal of collected material, the device of the present invention may be comprised of reversibly wettable plastic material or be subjected to surface treatment. Such surface treatment 25 techniques include, but are not limited to plasma surface treatment, flame treatment, corona discharge, or a -' chemical bath. In a preferred embodiment the internal surfaces of the collection means are subjected to plasma surface treatment. Information concerning plasma surface 30 treatment is found in Plastics Technology, 28:23-26 ~1982).
The device may be made of a variety of materials including metals and plastics, including polymers such as polycarbonate, polyethylene, nylon and copolymers 35 thereof. Preferable materials include reversibly . ;~, ~ .
wettable plastics. The material selected should be medically acceptable and should not have any adverse effects on the biological material being collected.
The collection device in accordance with the present invention can be further illustrated by reference to the attached drawings.
FIGS. 1-5 are illustrative of one embodiment of a collection device in accordance with the present invention. Now referring to FIGS. 1-5, shaft 10 is 10 preferably substantially rigid and generally has a uniform cross-section. The shaft has a distal end 22 and a proximal end 2~. The shaft as shown is solid;
therefore, the collection device is suitable for passive collection of biological material. The shaft may be provided with a means 17 for grasping the collection device. The device as illustrated is optionally provided with ribs or ridges for grasping the collection device.
Continuing to refer to FIGS. 1-5, the shaft 10 has a collection means 11 at its distal end 22. The collection 20 means 11 includes at least one non-cutting scraping edge 12 adapted to divert biological material into the interior 20 of the collection means and at least one non-scraping or trailing edge 1~. As shown in the present embodiment, the collection means is an elongated 25 loop-like means comprised of a first section 25, a second section 26 and a closed end 18 and defining an interior space or portion 20. The first section 25 and the second section 26 are defined by a reference plane 28 passing through the proximal end 21 and the distal end 18 of the 30 collection means 11. Each section has an internal surface 27 and an external surface 24. At least one of the external surfaces is arched such that the junction of the arched surface and its opposed internal surface define a non-scraping cutting edge 12. As illustrated, 35 the first and second sections are spoon-like.
-12- 133555~
The dimensions of the collection means are dependent on the anatomical site from which the sample is to be collected and the amount of material needed to complete the test. Generally, however, the collection means will have an internal volume of 10 ~ to 1,000 ~, preferably to 10 ~ to 500 ~. In those embodiments where the device of the present invention is adapted for collection of endocervical specimens, the collection means will generally have an internal volume of 75 to 500 ~ and preferably 100 ~ to 150 ~. The distal end 18 as illustrated is closed, rounded and blunt. The width of the closed distal end 18 or tip of the collection means will vary depending on the nature of the sample and the anatomical site from which the 15 specimen will be collected. However, generally the width of the closed end generally is 0.25mm to 2.5mm and preferably 0.5mm to lmm. In those embodiments having a closed end, the end will generally be as narrow as is practicable so as to allow the material to flow easily 20 around the end. As discussed below, the distal end 18 may also be open. The dimensions and the shape of the end, including determination as to whether the end will be open or closed, will be selected to accommodate various factors including the quantity of material to be 25 collected, the type of material to be collected and the anatomical site from which the material will be collected.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, in a preferred embodiment the collection means 11 is provided with two leading or scraping edges 12 sequentially or 30 consecutively located so as to allow collection of material when the shaft is rotated in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. As depicted, the collection device also has two non-scraping or trailing edges 13. In such an embodiment, the two scraping edges 35 12 protrude more than the two non-scraping edges 1~ and _ -13- 1335555 the surface area 25 of the first section 25 of the collection means 11 is greater than the surface area 26 of the second section of the collection means 11.
Continuing to refer to FIGS. 1-5, the shaft 10 of the device preferably includes an air channel 15. The air channel is a means for receiving air trapped in the collection means 11 and for moving it away from the collection means during sampling. The air channel 15 as shown in the present embodiment of the device is a groove 10 that extends a portion of the length of the shaft 10 and communicates with the interior space 20 of the collection means 11.
Additionally, sample retention means 14 may optionally be provided within the collection means 11.
The sample retention means 14 of the device is mounted within the collection means and may be attached to or integrally formed with at least one internal surface of one section of the collection means 11 and protrude into the interior portion 20 of the collection means 11.
20 Preferably, the sample retention 14 means includes at least one member extending between opposed sides of the collection means. As is shown in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, the retention means 14 may be grate-like. As illustrated in Fig. 6A, retention means 25 34 may include one or more rigdes or fins mounted on internal surface 47 of at least one section 45 or 46 of collection means 31. As shown in FIG. 11, retention means 54 may include a wall or septum mounted within collection means 51, or as shown in FIG. 12 retention 30 means 74 may be substantially parallel to a reference plane passing through the distal end of the shaft and the perimeter of collection means 71. As shown in FIG. 15, retention means 154 may be web-like. As i1lustrated in FIG. 16, retention means 134 may be tooth-like and 35 protrude into the interior of the collection means 140 _ -14- 1335555 without extending between opposed sides of the collection means 140. The illustrations of retention means in the figures are made by way of example and not by way of limitations other means for providing retention of the material will be suggested to those skilled in the art.
Additionally, one or more scraping means 16 may be included on the external surface 24 at least one section 25 or 26 of the collection means 11. Exemplary of such scraping means are textured surfaces, ridges, grooves, 10 and the like. The scraping means 16 may be parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The scraping means 16 may also be randomly placed. As shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, preferred scraping means 16 includes texturing external surface 24 of collection means 11. In 15 FIG. 12, a preferred scraping means includes saw-tooth like members 76. Other scraping, non-cutting means will be suggested to those skilled in the art.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is depicted in FIGS. 6-10. The numbering 20 convention used in FIGS. 6-10 have been designed so that the second digit of the number is the same as the second digit of the number of the corresponding element found in the collection device depicted in FIGS. 1-5. Referring to FIGS. 6-10, shaft 30 has a distal end 42 and proximal 25 end 43. Shaft 30 has a passage 39 and may be attached to a suction or irrigation device (not illustrated) at or near proximal end 43. Thus, the device may be used for both passive or active collection of material.
Shaft 30 has a collection means 31 at the distal end 30 42. The collection means 31 has a first section 45 and a second section 46 defined by a central longitudinal axis of the shaft bisecting the perimeter of the collection means. Each section has an internal surface 47 and an external surface 44. The device, as illustrated, has two 35 leading or scraping edges 32 and two trailing or ~ -15- 13~555~
nonscraping edges 33. In a preferred embodiment, as illustrated, the leading edges are arranged non-sequentially or non-consecutively, so as to allow collection of material when the shaft 30 is rotated in a clockwise direction. It is also envisioned, and well within the invention, that the leading edges 32 may be arranged non-sequentially so as to provide scraping edges so that material is collected when the device is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction.
As mentioned above, the embodiment of the device illustrated in FIGS. 6-10 has sample retention means 34 which one fin-like ridges and are mounted on at least one internal surface 47 of one section 45 or 46 of collection means 31.
As discussed above scrapping means may be provided on one or both external surfaces of the collection means. As shown, scraping means 36 may be included on the external surface 44 of at least one of the external surfaces 44 of the sections 45 or 46 of the collection 20 means. As suggested above, the scraping means can include any noncutting, scraping configuration such as, but not limited to, ridges, grooves, textured surfaces and the like.
Additional embodiments of the collection device are 25 illustrated in FIGS. 11-16A. The numbering convention used in FIGS. 11-16A have been designed so that the final ~' digit of the number is the same as the second digit of the number of the corresponding element of the device depicted in FIGS. 1-5.
Now referring to FIGS. 11 and llA, the device of the present invention has a shaft 50 with a collection means 51 at one end. The collection means 51 has leading edge 52 and trailing edge 53. As further illustrated in FIG.
11, the distal end 58 of the collection means 51 is open 35 to facilitate collection of material. Collection means ~ -16- 133~55~
51 has retention means 54 extending between interior surfaces of opposed sides of the collection means.
FIG. 11 also illustrates optional air channel 55 for receiving air trapped in the collection means 51. The air channel 55 communicates with the interior space 60 of the collection means 51 and facilitates the movement of air away from the interior of the collection means 51 during sampling.
Referring to FIGS. 12 and 12A, the device of the 10 present invention has shaft 70 with collection means 71.
The end 78 of collection means 71 is closed. As depicted, the collection means 71 has leading or scraping edge 72 and trailing edge 73. The external surface 84 of the collection means 71 has optional scraping means 76.
15 The scraping means 76 as illustrated is in a saw-toothed pattern and may be on the external surface of one or both sections of the collection means. Additionally, the device has a retention means 74 which is substantially parallel to the shaft 70 of the device.
As depicted in FIGS. 13 and 13A, the device of the present invention includes shaft 90 having collection means 91. The shaft has passage 99, therefore, the device may be utilized in active sampling, for example by attachment to a device that provides suction and/or 25 irrigation. The collection means 91 has a first section 105 an~ second section 106 for retaining the material, a scraping edge 92 and a trailing or nonscraping edge 93.
The distal end 98 of collection means 91 is open to facilitate collection of the material. The tips of 30 end 98 are rounded so that the material will be collected without cutting.
Referring now to FIGS. 14 and 14A, the device of the present invention has a shaft 110 and a~collection means 111. The collection means 111 has a scraping edge 112 35 and trailing or nonscraping edges 113. The distal end -17- 1~5555 118 of the collection means 111 is rounded.
Additionally, optional air channel 115 is shown at the distal end of the shaft in communication with the interior 120 of the collection means.
As illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 15A, the distal end 158 of the collection means 151 is closed and the collection means 151 is provided with one leading or scraping edge 152 and three non-scraping edges 153. The scraping edge is located so as to allow collection of material wnen the shaft is rotated in a clockwise direction. The leading edge 152 can be located so as to allow collection when the device is rotated in a counterclockwise direction. As mentioned above, the retention means 154 of the present invention may be 15 web-like.
As illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 16A, the device of the present invention has a shaft 130 having a collection means 131. The collection means 131 has a first section 145 and a second section 146. Each section has an 20 internal surface 147 and an external surface 144. The collection means 131 has a leading edge 132 and a trailing edge 133 and its distal end 138 is open to facilitate collection of biological material. The tips of the distal end 138 are rounded so that material is 25 collected without cutting. The collection means 131 has retention means 134 attached to the internal surfaces 147 and extending into the interior portion of the collection means 131. As illustrated the retention means 134 do not extend between opposed sides of the collection means.
Collection devices of the present invention can be manufactured from any suitable material. Illustrative considerations for the selection of a suitable material are (a) non-reactivity with and insolubility in the material to be collected, (b) physical properties which 35 allow material to be collected and subsequently released, 7165Y 2615n-FF
~ -18- ~33S~SS
and (c) sufficient rigidity to allow for manipulation of the device and collection of a sample in accordance with the invention.
As has been mentioned previously, suitable materials include metals such as aluminum, steel, nickel alloys and plastics, such as polycarbonate, polyethylene, nylon and the like and copolymers thereof. It is also contemplated and within the present invention that the physical properties of one or more surfaces of the device be treated to promote retention of the material and/or to facilitate removal of the material. Such treatments include, but are not limited, to plasma surface treatment, flame treatment, corona discharge and chemical baths.
As mentioned earlier, the collection device Or the present invention is particularly suited for co}lecting biological material from a body orifice of a patient.
~ There are a number of instances in which collection of such material is desirable. For example, in diagnostic 20 methods for detecting sexually transmitted diseases a sample of lumenal material may be required. The present device is particularly suited for use in conjunction with the collection of samples ~or performing an assay.
Likewise, the sampling device of the present invention is 25 suitable for use with a diagnostic immunochemical ins~ru~ent or device.
Therefore, as a matter of convenience, the device of the present invention can be provided in a kit in packaged combination including the device of the present 30 invention and reagents to detect the desired analyte.
The kit may also contain an immunochemical instrument or device.
-lg- 1335~55 The invention has been described in detail with particular re~erence to the above embodiments. It will be understood, however, that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Nos. 3,850,754, 3,455,788 and 3,234,109.
Curettes are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. Des.
275,127 and 219,252. Inoculating loops are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. Des. 274,464 and 271,519. A surgical aspiration catheter and a disposable loop are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. Des. 264,246 and 251,012, respectively.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a device for collection of biological material. The collection device comprises a shaft which has a loop-like collection means at one of its ends. The collection means provides a non-cutting scraping edge.
The collection device of the present invention has the advantage of being contoured to permit optimal sampling over a dimensional anatomical range.
Additionally, the device allows for scraping without cutting and has an internal capacity suitable for collection and retention of a large sample. The overall dimensional configuration of the device permits efficient retention of the sample during and after collection and allows release of substantially all of the collected material by rotation of the shaft with or without elution in an appropriate solvent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the device of FIG. 1.
FIG. 2A is an enlarged side elevation of a portion of the device taken along lines 2A-2A of FIG. 3.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of the device taken along lines 3-3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4Ais a f ront elevation of the device taken along lines 4A-4A of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4B is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 4B-4B of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 4C is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 4C-4C of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 5 is a rear elevation of the device taker~ along lines 5-5 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6A is an enlarged side elevation of the device 20 taken along lines 6A-6A of FIG. 7.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged top plan view of the device taken along lines 7-7 of FIG. 6A.
FIG. 8 is a front elevation of the device taken along lines 8-8 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 9A is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 9A-9A in FIG. 6. ' FIG. 9B is a cross-section of the device taken along lines 9B-9B in FIG. 6.
FIG. 10 is a rear elevation of the device taken along lines 10-10 of FIG. 6.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of another embodiment of a collection device of the present invention. I
FIG. llA is a top plan view taken along lines 35 llA-llA of the device of FIG. 11.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of still another embodiment of a collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 12A is a top plan view taken along lines 12A-12A of the device of FIG. 12.
FIG. 13 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of another embodiment of a collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 13A is a top plan view taken along lines 13A-13A of the device of FIG. 13.
FIG. 14 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of yet another embodiment of the collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 14A is a top plan view taken along lines 14A-14A of the device of FIG. 14.
FIG. 15 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal end of another embodiment of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged side elevation of the distal 20 end of another embodiment of the collection device of the present invention.
FIG. 16A is a top plan view taken along lines 16A-16A of the device of FIG. 16.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
The device of the present invention is useful for collecting and dispensing biological material. In its broadest aspect the collection device comprises a shaft which has a loop-like collection means at one end of the 30 shaft. The collection means provides a non-cutting scraping edge.
The device of the present invention is particularly suited for collecting and dispensing endocervical specimens. However, any biological material, for example 35 exudates, fluids, cells, and the like may be collected and dispensed using a device in accordance with the present invention. Such material may be collected from various anatomical sites including, but not limited to, the throat, urethra, vagina, rectum, skin, and the like.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a shaft having a loop-like collection means at one end. The end at which the collection means is located is generally referred to as-the distal end of the shaft. The collection means has a substantially 10 non-cutting edge that scrapes biological material and retains it by diverting it into an interior portion of the collection means. The loop-like collection means may have a variety of different shapes. By way of example, but not limitation, the loop-like collection means may be 15 round, oval, elliptical or elongated. The loop-like collection means is preferably elongated. Generally, the loop-like collection means has two sections, a first section and a second section. The first and second sections are defined by a reference plane passing through 20 the distal end of the collection means and perimeter of the collection means. Each section has an external surface and an internal surface. The external surface may be arched. At least one of the sections may be spoon-like. At least one of the sections has a 25 non-cutting scraping edge. The non-cutting scraping edge is generally defined by the junction of the arched --surface of the collection means and its opposed internal surface. The term "loop-like" is used herein to mean a three-dimensional structure that bends so as to form a 30 closed or a partially open curve within itself through which an object can be passed. The end of the loop-like collection means which may be closed or open is preferably rounded and blunt.
The shaft of the present invention is elongated and 35 is preferably substantially rigid. The shaft may be _ -8- 1335555 either solid or hollow. In those cases wherein the shaft is solid, the device is useful for passive sampling. In those instances where the shaft is hollow, the device is useful for active sampling and may be adapted to attach to a source of irrigation or suction at or near the proximal end of the shaft. The shaft may have a means for grasping the device near or at its proximal end. The proximal end is that end of the shaft opposed to the collection means. By way of example, but not limitation, 10 such grasping means may include at least one rib or ridge on the external surface of the shaft, a textured surface, or at least one groove on the external surface of the shaft.
The scraping edge of the present invention scrapes 15 material to be collected without cutting the surrounding tissue. In one aspect, the scraping edge comprises at least one leading edge. The term "leading edge" is used herein to refer to one or more edges which protrude beyond the other edge or edges ~referred to as the 20 trailing or non-scraping edge or edges) and thereby aid the diversion of material into the interior of the collection means when the shaft is rotated. In cases where the device has two leading edges, they may be positioned so as to be sequential or consecutive, thereby 25 allowing collection of material when the device is rotated in either a clockwise or a counter-clockwise -direction. Alternatively, in those instances wherein clockwise or counter-clockwise rotation is preferred, the device may have two leading edges that are non-sequential 30 or non-consecutive. The term "trailing edge" is used herein to refer to one or more edges that are not leading edges and do not protrude.
The end on the tip of the loop-like collection means of the present invention is rounded to prevent cutting of 35 material. The end may be open or closed. Preferably, the end will be open or, if closed, will be as narrow as practical so as to facilitate the flow and collection of material.
Further, the device may include sample retention means mounted within the collection means. The retention means may be attached to the internal surface of at least one section of the collection means. Retention means include by way of example, but not by way of limitation, a grate-like structure, a web-like structure, a fin-like structure, tooth-like or toadstool-like means, ridges, or a septum protruding from at least one internal surface of the collection means and means including at least one member extending between opposed sides of the internal surface of the collection means.
The external surface of the collection means of the present invention may also include a scraping means.
Such scraping means include but are not limited to a textured surface, such as a saw-toothed pattern, at least one ridge, or at least one groove. The scraping means 20 may be axially parallel or perpendicular to the central axis of the shaft of the device. On the other hand, the pattern of the scraping means may be random, for example, a textured surface. The scraping means may cover the entire external surface of the collection means or a 25 portion thereof.
the device of the present invention may optionally include an air channel. The term "air channel" is used herein to indicate a means for allowing the release of air from the interior portion or space of the collection 30 means during collection of biological material.
Preferably, the air channel will comprise at least one longitudinal groove extending a portion of the length of the shaft near or at the distal end thereof and will communicate with the interior space or portion of the 35 collection means.
-lo- 1335555 Tne device of the present invention may be adapted to be inserted into a body orifice of a patient to collect the material by scraping without substantially altering the material being collected. In one instance, the device is adapted to collect the material by encasing lumenal matter. The phrase "encasing lumenal matter" is used herein to mean efficiently capturing or enclosing lumenal contents without altering its quality.
In one aspect, the device is adapted to allow the 10 release of substantially all of the collected material from the interior portion of the loop. Preferably, the device is adapted to release the material without substantially altering it. By this is meant that the collected material is released in such a way as to 15 generally maintain the integrity of the collected .
material. The collected material may be released without substantially altering it by rotating the shaft of the device. Preferably the collected material is released without elution. In some cases, the material may be zo released by placing the collection means in a liquid and rotating the shaft. To facilitate removal of collected material, the device of the present invention may be comprised of reversibly wettable plastic material or be subjected to surface treatment. Such surface treatment 25 techniques include, but are not limited to plasma surface treatment, flame treatment, corona discharge, or a -' chemical bath. In a preferred embodiment the internal surfaces of the collection means are subjected to plasma surface treatment. Information concerning plasma surface 30 treatment is found in Plastics Technology, 28:23-26 ~1982).
The device may be made of a variety of materials including metals and plastics, including polymers such as polycarbonate, polyethylene, nylon and copolymers 35 thereof. Preferable materials include reversibly . ;~, ~ .
wettable plastics. The material selected should be medically acceptable and should not have any adverse effects on the biological material being collected.
The collection device in accordance with the present invention can be further illustrated by reference to the attached drawings.
FIGS. 1-5 are illustrative of one embodiment of a collection device in accordance with the present invention. Now referring to FIGS. 1-5, shaft 10 is 10 preferably substantially rigid and generally has a uniform cross-section. The shaft has a distal end 22 and a proximal end 2~. The shaft as shown is solid;
therefore, the collection device is suitable for passive collection of biological material. The shaft may be provided with a means 17 for grasping the collection device. The device as illustrated is optionally provided with ribs or ridges for grasping the collection device.
Continuing to refer to FIGS. 1-5, the shaft 10 has a collection means 11 at its distal end 22. The collection 20 means 11 includes at least one non-cutting scraping edge 12 adapted to divert biological material into the interior 20 of the collection means and at least one non-scraping or trailing edge 1~. As shown in the present embodiment, the collection means is an elongated 25 loop-like means comprised of a first section 25, a second section 26 and a closed end 18 and defining an interior space or portion 20. The first section 25 and the second section 26 are defined by a reference plane 28 passing through the proximal end 21 and the distal end 18 of the 30 collection means 11. Each section has an internal surface 27 and an external surface 24. At least one of the external surfaces is arched such that the junction of the arched surface and its opposed internal surface define a non-scraping cutting edge 12. As illustrated, 35 the first and second sections are spoon-like.
-12- 133555~
The dimensions of the collection means are dependent on the anatomical site from which the sample is to be collected and the amount of material needed to complete the test. Generally, however, the collection means will have an internal volume of 10 ~ to 1,000 ~, preferably to 10 ~ to 500 ~. In those embodiments where the device of the present invention is adapted for collection of endocervical specimens, the collection means will generally have an internal volume of 75 to 500 ~ and preferably 100 ~ to 150 ~. The distal end 18 as illustrated is closed, rounded and blunt. The width of the closed distal end 18 or tip of the collection means will vary depending on the nature of the sample and the anatomical site from which the 15 specimen will be collected. However, generally the width of the closed end generally is 0.25mm to 2.5mm and preferably 0.5mm to lmm. In those embodiments having a closed end, the end will generally be as narrow as is practicable so as to allow the material to flow easily 20 around the end. As discussed below, the distal end 18 may also be open. The dimensions and the shape of the end, including determination as to whether the end will be open or closed, will be selected to accommodate various factors including the quantity of material to be 25 collected, the type of material to be collected and the anatomical site from which the material will be collected.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, in a preferred embodiment the collection means 11 is provided with two leading or scraping edges 12 sequentially or 30 consecutively located so as to allow collection of material when the shaft is rotated in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. As depicted, the collection device also has two non-scraping or trailing edges 13. In such an embodiment, the two scraping edges 35 12 protrude more than the two non-scraping edges 1~ and _ -13- 1335555 the surface area 25 of the first section 25 of the collection means 11 is greater than the surface area 26 of the second section of the collection means 11.
Continuing to refer to FIGS. 1-5, the shaft 10 of the device preferably includes an air channel 15. The air channel is a means for receiving air trapped in the collection means 11 and for moving it away from the collection means during sampling. The air channel 15 as shown in the present embodiment of the device is a groove 10 that extends a portion of the length of the shaft 10 and communicates with the interior space 20 of the collection means 11.
Additionally, sample retention means 14 may optionally be provided within the collection means 11.
The sample retention means 14 of the device is mounted within the collection means and may be attached to or integrally formed with at least one internal surface of one section of the collection means 11 and protrude into the interior portion 20 of the collection means 11.
20 Preferably, the sample retention 14 means includes at least one member extending between opposed sides of the collection means. As is shown in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, the retention means 14 may be grate-like. As illustrated in Fig. 6A, retention means 25 34 may include one or more rigdes or fins mounted on internal surface 47 of at least one section 45 or 46 of collection means 31. As shown in FIG. 11, retention means 54 may include a wall or septum mounted within collection means 51, or as shown in FIG. 12 retention 30 means 74 may be substantially parallel to a reference plane passing through the distal end of the shaft and the perimeter of collection means 71. As shown in FIG. 15, retention means 154 may be web-like. As i1lustrated in FIG. 16, retention means 134 may be tooth-like and 35 protrude into the interior of the collection means 140 _ -14- 1335555 without extending between opposed sides of the collection means 140. The illustrations of retention means in the figures are made by way of example and not by way of limitations other means for providing retention of the material will be suggested to those skilled in the art.
Additionally, one or more scraping means 16 may be included on the external surface 24 at least one section 25 or 26 of the collection means 11. Exemplary of such scraping means are textured surfaces, ridges, grooves, 10 and the like. The scraping means 16 may be parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The scraping means 16 may also be randomly placed. As shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, preferred scraping means 16 includes texturing external surface 24 of collection means 11. In 15 FIG. 12, a preferred scraping means includes saw-tooth like members 76. Other scraping, non-cutting means will be suggested to those skilled in the art.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is depicted in FIGS. 6-10. The numbering 20 convention used in FIGS. 6-10 have been designed so that the second digit of the number is the same as the second digit of the number of the corresponding element found in the collection device depicted in FIGS. 1-5. Referring to FIGS. 6-10, shaft 30 has a distal end 42 and proximal 25 end 43. Shaft 30 has a passage 39 and may be attached to a suction or irrigation device (not illustrated) at or near proximal end 43. Thus, the device may be used for both passive or active collection of material.
Shaft 30 has a collection means 31 at the distal end 30 42. The collection means 31 has a first section 45 and a second section 46 defined by a central longitudinal axis of the shaft bisecting the perimeter of the collection means. Each section has an internal surface 47 and an external surface 44. The device, as illustrated, has two 35 leading or scraping edges 32 and two trailing or ~ -15- 13~555~
nonscraping edges 33. In a preferred embodiment, as illustrated, the leading edges are arranged non-sequentially or non-consecutively, so as to allow collection of material when the shaft 30 is rotated in a clockwise direction. It is also envisioned, and well within the invention, that the leading edges 32 may be arranged non-sequentially so as to provide scraping edges so that material is collected when the device is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction.
As mentioned above, the embodiment of the device illustrated in FIGS. 6-10 has sample retention means 34 which one fin-like ridges and are mounted on at least one internal surface 47 of one section 45 or 46 of collection means 31.
As discussed above scrapping means may be provided on one or both external surfaces of the collection means. As shown, scraping means 36 may be included on the external surface 44 of at least one of the external surfaces 44 of the sections 45 or 46 of the collection 20 means. As suggested above, the scraping means can include any noncutting, scraping configuration such as, but not limited to, ridges, grooves, textured surfaces and the like.
Additional embodiments of the collection device are 25 illustrated in FIGS. 11-16A. The numbering convention used in FIGS. 11-16A have been designed so that the final ~' digit of the number is the same as the second digit of the number of the corresponding element of the device depicted in FIGS. 1-5.
Now referring to FIGS. 11 and llA, the device of the present invention has a shaft 50 with a collection means 51 at one end. The collection means 51 has leading edge 52 and trailing edge 53. As further illustrated in FIG.
11, the distal end 58 of the collection means 51 is open 35 to facilitate collection of material. Collection means ~ -16- 133~55~
51 has retention means 54 extending between interior surfaces of opposed sides of the collection means.
FIG. 11 also illustrates optional air channel 55 for receiving air trapped in the collection means 51. The air channel 55 communicates with the interior space 60 of the collection means 51 and facilitates the movement of air away from the interior of the collection means 51 during sampling.
Referring to FIGS. 12 and 12A, the device of the 10 present invention has shaft 70 with collection means 71.
The end 78 of collection means 71 is closed. As depicted, the collection means 71 has leading or scraping edge 72 and trailing edge 73. The external surface 84 of the collection means 71 has optional scraping means 76.
15 The scraping means 76 as illustrated is in a saw-toothed pattern and may be on the external surface of one or both sections of the collection means. Additionally, the device has a retention means 74 which is substantially parallel to the shaft 70 of the device.
As depicted in FIGS. 13 and 13A, the device of the present invention includes shaft 90 having collection means 91. The shaft has passage 99, therefore, the device may be utilized in active sampling, for example by attachment to a device that provides suction and/or 25 irrigation. The collection means 91 has a first section 105 an~ second section 106 for retaining the material, a scraping edge 92 and a trailing or nonscraping edge 93.
The distal end 98 of collection means 91 is open to facilitate collection of the material. The tips of 30 end 98 are rounded so that the material will be collected without cutting.
Referring now to FIGS. 14 and 14A, the device of the present invention has a shaft 110 and a~collection means 111. The collection means 111 has a scraping edge 112 35 and trailing or nonscraping edges 113. The distal end -17- 1~5555 118 of the collection means 111 is rounded.
Additionally, optional air channel 115 is shown at the distal end of the shaft in communication with the interior 120 of the collection means.
As illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 15A, the distal end 158 of the collection means 151 is closed and the collection means 151 is provided with one leading or scraping edge 152 and three non-scraping edges 153. The scraping edge is located so as to allow collection of material wnen the shaft is rotated in a clockwise direction. The leading edge 152 can be located so as to allow collection when the device is rotated in a counterclockwise direction. As mentioned above, the retention means 154 of the present invention may be 15 web-like.
As illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 16A, the device of the present invention has a shaft 130 having a collection means 131. The collection means 131 has a first section 145 and a second section 146. Each section has an 20 internal surface 147 and an external surface 144. The collection means 131 has a leading edge 132 and a trailing edge 133 and its distal end 138 is open to facilitate collection of biological material. The tips of the distal end 138 are rounded so that material is 25 collected without cutting. The collection means 131 has retention means 134 attached to the internal surfaces 147 and extending into the interior portion of the collection means 131. As illustrated the retention means 134 do not extend between opposed sides of the collection means.
Collection devices of the present invention can be manufactured from any suitable material. Illustrative considerations for the selection of a suitable material are (a) non-reactivity with and insolubility in the material to be collected, (b) physical properties which 35 allow material to be collected and subsequently released, 7165Y 2615n-FF
~ -18- ~33S~SS
and (c) sufficient rigidity to allow for manipulation of the device and collection of a sample in accordance with the invention.
As has been mentioned previously, suitable materials include metals such as aluminum, steel, nickel alloys and plastics, such as polycarbonate, polyethylene, nylon and the like and copolymers thereof. It is also contemplated and within the present invention that the physical properties of one or more surfaces of the device be treated to promote retention of the material and/or to facilitate removal of the material. Such treatments include, but are not limited, to plasma surface treatment, flame treatment, corona discharge and chemical baths.
As mentioned earlier, the collection device Or the present invention is particularly suited for co}lecting biological material from a body orifice of a patient.
~ There are a number of instances in which collection of such material is desirable. For example, in diagnostic 20 methods for detecting sexually transmitted diseases a sample of lumenal material may be required. The present device is particularly suited for use in conjunction with the collection of samples ~or performing an assay.
Likewise, the sampling device of the present invention is 25 suitable for use with a diagnostic immunochemical ins~ru~ent or device.
Therefore, as a matter of convenience, the device of the present invention can be provided in a kit in packaged combination including the device of the present 30 invention and reagents to detect the desired analyte.
The kit may also contain an immunochemical instrument or device.
-lg- 1335~55 The invention has been described in detail with particular re~erence to the above embodiments. It will be understood, however, that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. A device for collecting biological material comprising:
a shaft having a loop-like collection means at one end thereof providing a non-cutting scraping edge and sample retention means mounted within said loop-like means, said sample retention means including at least one member extending between opposed sides of said loop-like means.
a shaft having a loop-like collection means at one end thereof providing a non-cutting scraping edge and sample retention means mounted within said loop-like means, said sample retention means including at least one member extending between opposed sides of said loop-like means.
2. The device of Claim 1 wherein said shaft contains a loop-like collection means at one end thereof, said means providing a substantially non-cutting edge for scraping biological material and for retaining said material by diverting said material into an interior portion of said means.
3. The device of Claim 2 wherein said loop-like means contains a spoon-like section providing said non-cutting edge.
4. The device of Claim 2 wherein said loop-like means has an open end.
5. The device of Claim 2 wherein said loop-like means has a closed end.
6. The device of Claim 2 wherein said loop-like means has a rounded end.
7. The device of Claim 2 adapted to be inserted into a body orifice of a patient to collect said material without substantially altering material being collected.
8. The device of Claim 7 wherein said device is adapted to collect said material by encasing lumenal matter.
9. The device of Claim 2 wherein said device is adapted to release subsequent to collection substantially all of said material from said interior portion of said loop-like means by rotating said shaft.
10. The device of Claim 2 wherein said scraping means is a leading edge for diverting said material into said interior of said loop-like means when said shaft is rotated.
11. The device of Claim 2 wherein said shaft includes means for receiving air trapped in said loop-like means and chanelling said air away from said loop-like means.
12. The device of Claim 1 wherein said shaft contains a distal end and a proximal end; said distal end having a loop-like means with first and second sections defined by a reference plane passing through said distal end and the perimeter of said loop-like means, each section having an internal surface and an external surface, wherein at least one of said sections has a non-cutting scraping edge defined by the arching of the external surface thereof.
13. The device of Claim 12 wherein said shaft is hollow, and said shaft is adapted to attach to a source of suction or irrigation.
14. The device of Claim 12 wherein said loop-like means defines an interior space and said shaft has an external surface defining at least one longitudinal groove extending a portion of the length of said shaft and communicating with said interior space.
15. The device of Claim 12 wherein surface area of said first section is greater than surface area of said second section.
16. The device of Claim 12 wherein said internal surfaces of said loop-like means are subjected to plasma surface treatment.
17. The device of Claim 1 wherein said shaft contains a distal end and a proximal end; said distal end having a substantially elongated loop including a first and a second section as defined by a central longitudinal axis of said shaft bisecting the perimeter of said loop, each section having an internal surface and an external surface, wherein at least one of said external surfaces is arched and the junction of said arched surface and its opposed internal surface defines a non-cutting scraping edge; and sample retention means within said loop.
18. The device of Claim 1 for collecting biological material adapted to collect said material from a body orifice of a patient comprising:
an elongated solid shaft member, said shaft member having a distal end, a proximal end and an external surface;
said distal end of said shaft having a substantially elliptical loop defining an interior space including a first and a second section as defined by a central longitudinal axis of said shaft bisecting the perimeter of said loop, each section having an internal surface and an external surface, wherein at least one of said external surfaces is arched and the junction of said arched surface and its opposed internal surface define a scraping edge which is a leading edge when said shaft is rotated; wherein said shaft has at least one longitudinal groove extending a portion of the length of said shaft and communicating with said interior space; and sample retention means within said loop.
an elongated solid shaft member, said shaft member having a distal end, a proximal end and an external surface;
said distal end of said shaft having a substantially elliptical loop defining an interior space including a first and a second section as defined by a central longitudinal axis of said shaft bisecting the perimeter of said loop, each section having an internal surface and an external surface, wherein at least one of said external surfaces is arched and the junction of said arched surface and its opposed internal surface define a scraping edge which is a leading edge when said shaft is rotated; wherein said shaft has at least one longitudinal groove extending a portion of the length of said shaft and communicating with said interior space; and sample retention means within said loop.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5084887A | 1987-05-15 | 1987-05-15 | |
| US050,848 | 1993-04-21 |
Publications (1)
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|---|---|
| CA1335555C true CA1335555C (en) | 1995-05-16 |
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ID=21967856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 566725 Expired - Fee Related CA1335555C (en) | 1987-05-15 | 1988-05-13 | Device for collecting biological material |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2558324B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1335555C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3816477A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2615094A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2204496B (en) |
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| JP6836047B1 (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-02-24 | 有限会社Ｄｉｘ | Virus removal device and virus removal system |
| DE102020124917A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-24 | Frank Schure | Medical instrument for minimally invasive removal of biological material from a human or animal body |
| JP7245572B1 (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-24 | 合同会社陶徳堂研究所 | body fluid collector |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US275127A (en) * | 1883-04-03 | Hydrocarbon-gas stove | ||
| US274464A (en) * | 1883-03-27 | Harmonic attachment for key-boards | ||
| US271519A (en) * | 1883-01-30 | John m | ||
| GB382904A (en) * | 1932-05-27 | 1932-11-03 | Adam Maksymiljan Papee | Scraper curette |
| GB1192654A (en) * | 1968-02-12 | 1970-05-20 | Goran Olof Uddenberg | Curette |
| GB1208172A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1970-10-07 | Ralph Rollin Robinson | Curette device |
| US3635222A (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1972-01-18 | Ralph R Robinson | Angular curette |
| US3828765A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1974-08-13 | Medical Testing Syst Inc | Genitourinary test instrument |
| US3850754A (en) * | 1973-01-24 | 1974-11-26 | Nasa | Automatic inoculating apparatus |
| US4311140A (en) * | 1976-05-10 | 1982-01-19 | Henry Bridgman | Vacuum curet having an improved curetting opening |
| FR2447177A1 (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1980-08-22 | Arts Tech Nles | DEVICE FOR ENDOMETER SAMPLING |
-
1988
- 1988-05-13 FR FR8806460A patent/FR2615094A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-05-13 CA CA 566725 patent/CA1335555C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-05-13 JP JP63116786A patent/JP2558324B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-13 DE DE19883816477 patent/DE3816477A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-05-13 GB GB8811333A patent/GB2204496B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63302838A (en) | 1988-12-09 |
| DE3816477A1 (en) | 1988-12-01 |
| GB2204496A (en) | 1988-11-16 |
| GB2204496B (en) | 1991-09-11 |
| JP2558324B2 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
| FR2615094A1 (en) | 1988-11-18 |
| GB8811333D0 (en) | 1988-06-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |