CA1332155C - Hot fill container - Google Patents
Hot fill containerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1332155C CA1332155C CA000616560A CA616560A CA1332155C CA 1332155 C CA1332155 C CA 1332155C CA 000616560 A CA000616560 A CA 000616560A CA 616560 A CA616560 A CA 616560A CA 1332155 C CA1332155 C CA 1332155C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- preform
- neck
- transition
- flange
- body transition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A blow molded container which is formed of a polyester resin which has formation and shape characteristics wherein it may be hot filled with a liquid at a temperature on the order of 180°- 185°F. with a maximum volumetric shrinkage of no greater than 1 percent. The container is formed from a specially configurated injection molded preform which is initially stretched axially only on the order of 25 percent, after which the preform is inflated and blow molded within a blow mold to a configuration which resists vacuum collapse or paneling of the body.
A blow molded container which is formed of a polyester resin which has formation and shape characteristics wherein it may be hot filled with a liquid at a temperature on the order of 180°- 185°F. with a maximum volumetric shrinkage of no greater than 1 percent. The container is formed from a specially configurated injection molded preform which is initially stretched axially only on the order of 25 percent, after which the preform is inflated and blow molded within a blow mold to a configuration which resists vacuum collapse or paneling of the body.
Description
133215~ :
This application is a division of Canadian Pa~ent Application Ser. No. 586,874, ~:
filed December 22, 1988.
This invention relates in general to new and useful improvements in plastic containerY, and more particularly to a container which is blow molded of a polyester resin and for the most part is highly biaxially oriented, but has a non-oriented neck finish for receiving a closure. Such a container must receive a hot fill product with a minimum of ~ `
shrinkage and diqtortion. ,~
In the past there have been developed ; wide mouth containers wherein the closure / -` `
`~ 15receiving portion or neck finish is highly biaxially oriented. Further, the neck finish - ~ -may be subjected to thermal crystallization.
; Such a container and the method of forming the .
same is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,618,515.
~ Thls patent, in turn, is an improvement on an earlier granted U.S. Patent ,.~-No. 4,4g6,064.
It~is now desired to form containers .`
having a non-oriented injection molded neck ~fin~ish which~is relatively small in diameter ','.' ,~' "''!
; and which container is p~rticularly adapted for .,~
the packaging of liquids, which liquids must be .`~
placed into the container while hot to provide for adequate sterilization.
One of the problems of forming a container~with an injection molded neck finish ~ ~;
is that immediately adjacent to the neck finish is~a neck to body transition which normally has ,` .
~; low biaxial orientation. This region tends to ~
! ~ 1332155 .
This application is a division of Canadian Pa~ent Application Ser. No. 586,874, ~:
filed December 22, 1988.
This invention relates in general to new and useful improvements in plastic containerY, and more particularly to a container which is blow molded of a polyester resin and for the most part is highly biaxially oriented, but has a non-oriented neck finish for receiving a closure. Such a container must receive a hot fill product with a minimum of ~ `
shrinkage and diqtortion. ,~
In the past there have been developed ; wide mouth containers wherein the closure / -` `
`~ 15receiving portion or neck finish is highly biaxially oriented. Further, the neck finish - ~ -may be subjected to thermal crystallization.
; Such a container and the method of forming the .
same is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,618,515.
~ Thls patent, in turn, is an improvement on an earlier granted U.S. Patent ,.~-No. 4,4g6,064.
It~is now desired to form containers .`
having a non-oriented injection molded neck ~fin~ish which~is relatively small in diameter ','.' ,~' "''!
; and which container is p~rticularly adapted for .,~
the packaging of liquids, which liquids must be .`~
placed into the container while hot to provide for adequate sterilization.
One of the problems of forming a container~with an injection molded neck finish ~ ~;
is that immediately adjacent to the neck finish is~a neck to body transition which normally has ,` .
~; low biaxial orientation. This region tends to ~
! ~ 1332155 .
distort to a high degree when exposed to temperatures above 160F. In the past this distortion problem has been solved by increasing the temperature resistance of PET through thermal crystallization since the degree of orientation is not adequate to yield sufficient strain crystallization to increase the temperature resistance of PET in this region. One of the features of this invention is to solve that problem.
Another problem in the art is the tendency of the body of the container to shrink such that the overall shrinkage of the container i5 in excess o~ 1 percent which is the present desired maximum permissible shrinlsage. In accordance with this invention, it has been found that through the application of specific process techniques, the shrinkage of the container, when hot filled with a liquid, will be no greater than 1 percent. Further, the paneled body is so configurated wherein a conventional label may be wrapped around the body and be sufficiently supported by the body notwithstanding the provision of the vacuum panels.
In accordance with the present invention, there iis provided a preform for forming a blow molded hot fill container, said preform being formed of a polyester resin and including a base portion, a body portion, a neck finish portion and a neck to body transition, said neck finish portion including a lower flange immediately adjarent said neck to body ,~ ~ 30 1 transition, said neck to body transition has a portion of minimum cross section spaced from said flange, said minimum cross section portion being of a lesser thickness than said body portion, and said neck to 3~ ~:5 5 ;~
body transition flaring in thickness to said body portion.
In accordance with the present invention, there is also provided a method of forming a blow molded hot fill plastic container, said method comprising the steps of providing a preform including a base portion, a body portion, a neck finish portion and a neck to body transition, said neck finish portion including a lower flange immediately adjacent said neck to body transition, said neck to body transition has a portion of minimum cross section spaced from said flange, said minimum cross section portion being of a lesser thickness than said body portion, and said neck to body transition flaring in thickness to said body portion, heating said base portion, said body portion and said neck to body transition to a blow molding ;~ temperature with the heating of the neck to body transition being heated to a point closely adjacent said flange, p-lacing the heated preform in a blow mold, axially elongating said preform at said neck to body transition, and then inflating said axially stretched preform to further stretch said preform both axially and circumferentially in accordance with the ; blow mold.
In accordance with the present invention, there is also provided a hot fill polyester resin blow molded container comprising a base, a cylindrical body, a shoulder portion, and a neck finish, said body having a plurality of circumferentially spaced and ~l ; 30 ! axially~elongated recessed pressure deformable vacuum ¦~ panels separated by vertical land areas, `~ ~ circumferential land areas above and below said vacuum panels joined to said vertical land areas.
133~155 - 3a -With the above and other objects in view that will hereinaftex appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description, the appended claims, and the several views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 i5 an elevational view with parts broken away of a preform formed in accordance with this invention.
.
:.; ~':
3~f2~. 55 Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view showlng the preEorm o~ Figure 1 initially being placed in a blow mold.
Figure 3 is another schematic 5 vertical sectional view similar to Figure 2 and shows a mechanical axial elongation of the preEorm.
Figure 4 1~ yet another ~chematic ;;~-vertical sectional view showing the previously 10 axially elongated preform being blow molded to match the coniguration of the blow mold.
Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary ;~
sectional view of that portion of the preform -~
! identified in Figure 1.
Figure 6 is an enLarged fragmentary I -~
vertical sectional view of that Eorm o~ the ~; preform identified in Figure 1. `.
Figure 7 is an enlarged ~ragmentary sectional view of the upper portion oE the 20 prefform afs ~hown in Figure S aEter the preform d`,~;~"--has been stretched in the manner shown in ~,", ,,,.~r~,~,"
Figure 3.
Figure 8 i8 an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the lower part of the preorm 25 shown in Figure 6 after the axial elongation of ~;d~!`,'"~
the preform as shown in Figure 3. `i Figure 9 is an.elevational view with parts broken away and shown in section of a ~ `
con'tainer formed in accordance with this 30 invention in the blow mold as shown in Figure 4 and having a label applied to the body thereof.
Figure 10 is a horizontal sectional ~-~
view taken generall~ along the line 10-10 of igure 9 and shows further the detai l s of the ~ `
container and the associated label.
i,: " . "
".
` . 1332155 Tllis invention starts with a special pre~orm 10 which is bes'c illustrated in Figures 1 and 5-8. The pre~orm 10 i8 in jection molded o a polye~ter resin with particular re~erence being made to PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
8asically speaking, the various portions o the pre~orm lO may be ldentif ied as including a base port~ on 12, a body portion 14, a neck ini~h portlon 16 and a neck to body transition 18.
Referrin~ now to Figure S, it will be seen that the upper pax'c of the pref orm 10 i~
il lustrated in detail. ~irst of al l, the illustrated neck ~lnish portion 16 is in the form of a conventional neck flnish which may include external threads 20 for receiving a closure, a locking bead 22 ~or engagement by a cl~sure tamper indicating ring or band, and a lower ~lange 24.
Immedia'cely below the f lange 24 is the n-3ak to body transition 18. It starts with an . internal thickening to de~ine a seat 26 for receiving, for example, a blow nozzle in seated engagement. Immediately below the neat, the transition may include a cylindrical part 28.
~3elow the cylindrical part 2P~, the transition 18 downwardly tapers in t~lckne~s externally as at 30 terminating in a further cylis~drical part 32 o~ minimal cross section. Below the cylindrical part 32, the transition 18 ~lares both internally and externally as at 34 to join the greater thickness body portion 14.
Referring now to Figure 6, it will be seen that the base portion begins at the lower end of the body 14 with a radius part 36 which . .
~.
I i .~ 21 ~ 5 ,.. ;,,.;
joins a frustoconical part 38 to the body ;~
portion 14. The frustoconical part, in turn, carrie~: a part spherical bottom 40 which tapers in thickness from the frustoconical part 38.
It is to be understood that the pre~orm 10 is formed by injection molding and when pre~ented to the blow molding apparatus ~ `
~not shown) is at room temperature. A preform, in a normal blow molding operation, is heated by a series of quartz heaters which results in -~` -~
the heating of the outer surface of the preform `~
to a higher temperature than the inner surface. `~-~
On the other hand, radio frequency heating has ~- been utilized with the result that the inner -~
surface of the preform is heated to a higher .
temperature. Hybrid heating utilizing a combination of quartz heaters and radio frequency heaters has been utilized in the past ~-~ to obtain a uniform temperature throughout the wall of the preform. Such a heating process is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,407,651. -~
More recently it has been found that if the average preform temperature is increased ~ `
to 225 F. as compared to the permissible average temperature in the 200- 210 F. range permissible with quartz heating and the 210- ~-220~F. range permissible with radio frequehcy ;~
heating, shrinkage of a biaxially oriented PET
container is reduced to 2 percent or less and ` ~
by increasing the average temperature of the , `
reheated preform at the time of stretch blowing to as high as 260F., the container shrinkage ;~
is reduced to on the order of less than 1 -~
percent. ~ -In accordance with this recent ,~
. ., .: .
; ` ,."~
1332155 :::
development in reheating of preforms, which is the subject of a pending U.S. application, the preform 10 will be reheated first utilizing a quartz oven or like quartz heater with this first reheating treatment resulting in the outside surface temperature of the preform ,~
ri.~ing to on the order of 240F. while the inside surface of the preform is only slightly ` .:~.
heated to a temperature on the order of 120F. j:~
The temperature of the center of the body wall of the preform is only slightly greater than .
the inside surface temperature and is on;the order of 140F. The initial reheating time is on the order of 14.5 seconds. ~.
15After the first quartz reheating, the ~; reheating is discontinued and the preform is ~
permitted to equilibrate for a period of time .~.
;~ on the order of 5 seconds. The temperature of the outside surface of the preform body continues to increase to a temperature on the . order of 250F. and then begins to cool down to a temperature on the order of 230F. At the ~:
same time, the temperature of the center of the preform body remains generall.y constant while i~ - -25the temperature of the inside surface of t.he `; -~.
preform body increases gradually to a . temperatu~e on the order of 135P., the temjperature of the inside surface..of t.he preform body approaching that of the center of , - :30 the preform body. ~. . .~......... .... .. .y~ Thereafter, it is preferred that :.-further reheating of the preform be also.by way.
of a quartz heater for a reheating period. The ~:~
~ time of this further quartz reheating is on the .~-~
~ 35order of 12.5 seconds and during this second ; ~ ' ~';
-: 1;
1332155 ~ : ~
- 8 ~
~ : ...::
period of quartz reheating, the temperature of .~
the exterior surface of the preform body ~ :
continu~s to rise above the temperature of the center of the preform body and the inside surface of the preform body. The exterior surface temperature ris.es to on the order of 350F. while the inside surface temperature 810wly gradually rises to a temperature on the ..
order of 180F. and the temperature at the '~
center of the preform wall slowly rises at a .~,~
slightly greater rate to a temperature on the .~ .
order of 220F. ,.~:
After the second quartz reheatlng, ~u ;
~ once again the temperature of the exterior .,,~
-~ 15 surface of the preform body i~ much greater than that of the interior surface and the .. ~
temperature at the center of the preform body has also gradually increased above that of the interior surface of the preform body.
The preform body is immediately ~
thereafter urther reheated by way of radio .
:frequen~cy heat~ing. While the temperature of ; .
the outside~surface of the preform body rises .
onl~y sl:lght~l~y during the radio frequency 25~- heati:ng~. the~heating of the inside surface of . ~m.~ .
the preform.body very rapidly increases from ,~1? ~ the temperature generally on the` order ~of 160 F. to a temperature slightly greater than 3~0 ~. The time~of radio frequency heating is ~~
-.~Y~ 30~ on the order of 2 seconds. During this time ther~e~is o~nly~ a minor increase in the temperatur~e:o$ the preform ~ody at the center f~`~ of the cross section thereof to a temperature .
`';`.~:; : on the order of 240F. Thus the temperature:of :35: the center of the preform body cross section is ; ~.:
:; ~,','``.~' . ,~ . .;. . ~
.,~ , ~ ,., .; . . .
-~ - t~3?~55 g the lowest and the temperatures of the inside surface and outside surface are greater.
At this point, the application of external heat to the preform is stopped and the 5 preform is directed into a blow mold, as will be discussed hereinafter, and blow molding steps are initiated with there being a total lapse of time on the order of 6 seconds.
During these 6 seconds, there is a second ~;
equilibration of the preform.
uring the second temperature equilibration, the temperature of the outside surfaces of the preform body will rapidly decrease to a temperature on the order of, but 15 below 280F. At the same time, the temperature on the inside surface of the preform body will continue to increase and then taper off to a temperature on the order of 350F. In a like manner, the temperature of the preform at the m 20 center of the body cross section will rise and then taper off at a temperature on the order of 260F. It will thus be seen that the ~;~
temperature at the center of the cross section r ~ ; of the preform body is still the lowest, but ! 25 the temperature of the outside surface is only slightly greater. -;~
Inasmuch as crystalliæation is a factor of temperature and time and sincelthe time during which surface crystallization may occur after reheating of the preform to its `~
maximum temperature is reduced, the desired high reheat temperature may be obtained in accordance with this reheating method without the undesired surface crystallization.
It is known to utilize a stretch rod .:
~;
- 10 _' 1 3321`55 ,,. ,;
to axially elongate a preform within a blow mold to assure the complete axial elongation of the preform. However, normally a similar rod is utilized solely for the purpose of maintaining the preform in a centered relationship with respect to the blow mold as the preform is inflated. However, in accordance with this invention, it is proposed to utilize the normal centering rod initially as a stretch rod, but prior to the introduction of a blowing gas into the preform. Thus, as is schematically shown in Figure 2, the preform 10, duly heated in the manner described above, is placed within an open split blow mold, generailly identified by the numeral 42 in a conventional manner. After the blow mold 42 has been closed, as shown in Figure 3, instead of immediately beginninq the inflation of the preform, the customary centering rod 44 is directed down into the preform 10 and engages the bottom part 40. The rod 44 is utilized to elongate the preorm on the order of 25 percent, as i~ shown in Figure 3. The results of this elongation of the preform 10 are best shown in Flgures 7 and 8~ Since the reheating of the preform 10 stops on the order of 2mm below the flange 24, and since the preform is supported against axial movement within the ~ ~blow mold by the flange 24, there is no ;;~ '!`30 deformation or elongation of the neck finish portion 16. On the other hand, since the ;~central part of the neck to body t~ansition 18 is of minimum cross section, it will be seen that there will be considerable elongation of 35 the neck to body transition 18. This will `'~
.~ , ' ~
I 3 .~2I ~
occur primarily in the cylindrical part 32 but will also occur partially within the downwardly tapering portion 30 and the downwardly flaring portion 34. Further, and rnost particularly, it will be seen that when the transition 18 is axially elongated, it will also neck down so as to as~ume a radially inwardly directed bowed configuration thus in effect reducing the diameter of the central part of the transition .-18. Becau~e of the radially inwardly directed bowing of the transition 18, it will be seen :~
that in the blow molding o~ the preform 10 within the blow mold 42 there will be a greater stretching of this portion of the preform in th.e hoop direction~
With reference to Figure 8, it will~ ~.
:~ be seen that since the base portion 12 of the ~; preform 10 is also heated to a high :
temperature, when it is engaged by the stretch rod 44, its resistance to thinning will not be ~: ~ as great as that of the body 14 so that there ~`~ will be an elongation of the base portion 12 as is best shown in Figure 8. This elongation ;~ wiLl be primarily in the radially outer portion ~:~ 25 of the body part 40 and in the frustoconical part 38 with the result that there will be a :~
newly formed body part ~6 which is generally ~-.
hemispherical together with a cylindrical part:~
; ,; . 1 48 in accordance with the diameter of the stretch rod 44. Finally there will be an upwardly flaring generally frustoconical part ~; 50 which joins the cylindrical part 48 to the body 14 by way of a curved part 52.
The preform 10, having been elongated on the order of 25 percent, is now ready for ~ ' ' ~:
, 1 3 ~
- 12 - ,:
the introduction of a blow gas so that the preform lO may be inflated in the customary manner to match the configuration of the blow ;
mold 42. If desired, during the inflation of ~-the stretched preform 10, the stretch rod 44 may be permitted to follow the axial elongation of the preform during inflation so as to make certain that the base portion 12 of the preform remains centered relative to the blow mold.
The inflation of the preform 10 within the blow mold 42 re~ults in the formation of a container in the form of a bottle generally identified by the nu~eral 54.
It is to be understood that the shape of the container or bottle 54 is also critical in the hot fill shrinkage thereof. As will be apparent, the bottle 54 will have a neck finish .
which is identical with the original neck ~-~
finish 16 of the preform 10 including the flange 24 and a portion of the preform immediately below the flange which wa~ not heated, as previously described. This portion ~; is generally in accordance with the previously described part 28 of the preform.
The bottle 54 also includes a ~i-downwardly and outwardly sloping shoulder portion 56 which is formed from the previously stretched neck to body transition portion 18.
The shoulder portion 56 in conventional ~ ~
container constructions is generally of a low ~;
orientation and is gradually formed during the 'j'~
inflation of the preform. However, inasmuch as the shoulder portion 56 is defined by that part , of the preform which was very r`apidly ;
mechanically stretched followed by the , ~
' ' ~
13.~?155 inflation of the preorm, the shoulder portion 56 has a high strain crystallization.
In accordance with the design configuration of the illustrated bottle 54, the shoulder portion 56 is connected by a radius 58 to an upper body portion 60 which flares slightly outwardly and downwardly. The upper body portion 60 terminates in a radially inwardly directed rib 62 which, in turn, is connected to a general}y cylindrical main body portion 64. The main body portion 64 includes upper and lower cylindrical bands 66, 68 with the body portion 64 between the bands 66, 68 including a plurality of radially inwardly r~cessed vacuum pressure panels 70. Each ;~pressure panel 70, as is best shown in Figure 9, is of a vertically elongated rectangular configuration with rounded corners and i5 generally chordal in configuration. Each pressure panel 70 is reinforced against deformation by a plurality of transverse horizontally extending radially recessed ribs 72 which are also of an elongated rectangular outline,~ but the elongation being in the 25~ horizontal or circumferential direction.
Adjacent pressure deformable vacuum panels 70 are separat~ed by a vertically elongated land area 74. Each land area 74 extends between the bands 66, 68 and is xelnforced by a vertically extending, radially inwardly directed rib 76.
;~The bottle 54 also includes a base 78 which include~ a ribbed recessed bottom 80 which is joined to the body 64 by a rounded `~35 base portion 82. The ribbed bottom, which is .~
~, ~
... .. .. . .
- 14 13321~S
best shown in Figure 10, may include Pive circum~erentially spaced, radiating downwardly directed ribs 84 which are defined by the base configuration of the blow mold 42.
As is be~t shown in Figure 9, the bands 66, 68 are recessed radially inwardly a slight distance with respect to the lower part of the rib 62 and the rounded portion 82 of the base portion 7~. This permits a conventional, low cost, full wrap label 86 to be applied to the body portion 64 in a protected position.
A~ ls clearly shown in Figure 10, the label 86 bridges the recessed pressure deformable vacuum panel 70 so as to give the bottle S4 the appearance of one wherein the body portion 64 i~ cylindrical.
. ., ",:
It is to be understood that due to the specific high temperature of the preform 10 which is possible in accordance with the heating procedure ou~lined above, and because of the speci~ic stretch ratio of the blow bottle 54 with respect to the preform 10 in both the axial and hoop directions, the resultant bottle 54 has in the body portions the reof a 28-30 percent sidewa l 1 crystallization which is a stress induced crystallization as opposed to being a temperature induced crystallization. Further, because of the specific cross sectional ; 30 configuration of the body portion 64 as well as the specific stress induced crystallization of the shoulder portion 56, when the bottle 54 is hot filled with a liquid at a temperature on the order of 180- 185F., the shrinkage of the bottle 54 by volume will be no qreater than 1 ' ~:
: ~;"::
- 15 _ 13321.~S
percent, i.e. the volumetric shrinkage should be between 0 and l percent. Thus the bottle 54, when hot filled with a heated liquid, will maintain this configuration. Further, because the neck finish l6 is non-oriented, it will be subjected to heat deformation. I~owever, because the neck finish 16 is injection molded and relatively thick, it will be able to with.stand the momentary heating thereof to a relatively high temperature without deformation which will prevent the closing and sealing of the bottle 54 utilizing conventional closures, particularly screw threaded closures.
It will also be noted that the recessed bottom or base portion 80 is of a relatively thick wall configuration and will ,;~
resist deformation when the bottle 54 is filled ~
`; with a heated liquid.
Although only a preferred embodiment ~
;~ 20 of the container and the method of forming the same, including a preferred embodiment of ~;~
preform, has been specifically described and ~;
illustratedr it is to be understood that minor variations may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
3b ` 35 `~
Another problem in the art is the tendency of the body of the container to shrink such that the overall shrinkage of the container i5 in excess o~ 1 percent which is the present desired maximum permissible shrinlsage. In accordance with this invention, it has been found that through the application of specific process techniques, the shrinkage of the container, when hot filled with a liquid, will be no greater than 1 percent. Further, the paneled body is so configurated wherein a conventional label may be wrapped around the body and be sufficiently supported by the body notwithstanding the provision of the vacuum panels.
In accordance with the present invention, there iis provided a preform for forming a blow molded hot fill container, said preform being formed of a polyester resin and including a base portion, a body portion, a neck finish portion and a neck to body transition, said neck finish portion including a lower flange immediately adjarent said neck to body ,~ ~ 30 1 transition, said neck to body transition has a portion of minimum cross section spaced from said flange, said minimum cross section portion being of a lesser thickness than said body portion, and said neck to 3~ ~:5 5 ;~
body transition flaring in thickness to said body portion.
In accordance with the present invention, there is also provided a method of forming a blow molded hot fill plastic container, said method comprising the steps of providing a preform including a base portion, a body portion, a neck finish portion and a neck to body transition, said neck finish portion including a lower flange immediately adjacent said neck to body transition, said neck to body transition has a portion of minimum cross section spaced from said flange, said minimum cross section portion being of a lesser thickness than said body portion, and said neck to body transition flaring in thickness to said body portion, heating said base portion, said body portion and said neck to body transition to a blow molding ;~ temperature with the heating of the neck to body transition being heated to a point closely adjacent said flange, p-lacing the heated preform in a blow mold, axially elongating said preform at said neck to body transition, and then inflating said axially stretched preform to further stretch said preform both axially and circumferentially in accordance with the ; blow mold.
In accordance with the present invention, there is also provided a hot fill polyester resin blow molded container comprising a base, a cylindrical body, a shoulder portion, and a neck finish, said body having a plurality of circumferentially spaced and ~l ; 30 ! axially~elongated recessed pressure deformable vacuum ¦~ panels separated by vertical land areas, `~ ~ circumferential land areas above and below said vacuum panels joined to said vertical land areas.
133~155 - 3a -With the above and other objects in view that will hereinaftex appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description, the appended claims, and the several views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 i5 an elevational view with parts broken away of a preform formed in accordance with this invention.
.
:.; ~':
3~f2~. 55 Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view showlng the preEorm o~ Figure 1 initially being placed in a blow mold.
Figure 3 is another schematic 5 vertical sectional view similar to Figure 2 and shows a mechanical axial elongation of the preEorm.
Figure 4 1~ yet another ~chematic ;;~-vertical sectional view showing the previously 10 axially elongated preform being blow molded to match the coniguration of the blow mold.
Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary ;~
sectional view of that portion of the preform -~
! identified in Figure 1.
Figure 6 is an enLarged fragmentary I -~
vertical sectional view of that Eorm o~ the ~; preform identified in Figure 1. `.
Figure 7 is an enlarged ~ragmentary sectional view of the upper portion oE the 20 prefform afs ~hown in Figure S aEter the preform d`,~;~"--has been stretched in the manner shown in ~,", ,,,.~r~,~,"
Figure 3.
Figure 8 i8 an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the lower part of the preorm 25 shown in Figure 6 after the axial elongation of ~;d~!`,'"~
the preform as shown in Figure 3. `i Figure 9 is an.elevational view with parts broken away and shown in section of a ~ `
con'tainer formed in accordance with this 30 invention in the blow mold as shown in Figure 4 and having a label applied to the body thereof.
Figure 10 is a horizontal sectional ~-~
view taken generall~ along the line 10-10 of igure 9 and shows further the detai l s of the ~ `
container and the associated label.
i,: " . "
".
` . 1332155 Tllis invention starts with a special pre~orm 10 which is bes'c illustrated in Figures 1 and 5-8. The pre~orm 10 i8 in jection molded o a polye~ter resin with particular re~erence being made to PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
8asically speaking, the various portions o the pre~orm lO may be ldentif ied as including a base port~ on 12, a body portion 14, a neck ini~h portlon 16 and a neck to body transition 18.
Referrin~ now to Figure S, it will be seen that the upper pax'c of the pref orm 10 i~
il lustrated in detail. ~irst of al l, the illustrated neck ~lnish portion 16 is in the form of a conventional neck flnish which may include external threads 20 for receiving a closure, a locking bead 22 ~or engagement by a cl~sure tamper indicating ring or band, and a lower ~lange 24.
Immedia'cely below the f lange 24 is the n-3ak to body transition 18. It starts with an . internal thickening to de~ine a seat 26 for receiving, for example, a blow nozzle in seated engagement. Immediately below the neat, the transition may include a cylindrical part 28.
~3elow the cylindrical part 2P~, the transition 18 downwardly tapers in t~lckne~s externally as at 30 terminating in a further cylis~drical part 32 o~ minimal cross section. Below the cylindrical part 32, the transition 18 ~lares both internally and externally as at 34 to join the greater thickness body portion 14.
Referring now to Figure 6, it will be seen that the base portion begins at the lower end of the body 14 with a radius part 36 which . .
~.
I i .~ 21 ~ 5 ,.. ;,,.;
joins a frustoconical part 38 to the body ;~
portion 14. The frustoconical part, in turn, carrie~: a part spherical bottom 40 which tapers in thickness from the frustoconical part 38.
It is to be understood that the pre~orm 10 is formed by injection molding and when pre~ented to the blow molding apparatus ~ `
~not shown) is at room temperature. A preform, in a normal blow molding operation, is heated by a series of quartz heaters which results in -~` -~
the heating of the outer surface of the preform `~
to a higher temperature than the inner surface. `~-~
On the other hand, radio frequency heating has ~- been utilized with the result that the inner -~
surface of the preform is heated to a higher .
temperature. Hybrid heating utilizing a combination of quartz heaters and radio frequency heaters has been utilized in the past ~-~ to obtain a uniform temperature throughout the wall of the preform. Such a heating process is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,407,651. -~
More recently it has been found that if the average preform temperature is increased ~ `
to 225 F. as compared to the permissible average temperature in the 200- 210 F. range permissible with quartz heating and the 210- ~-220~F. range permissible with radio frequehcy ;~
heating, shrinkage of a biaxially oriented PET
container is reduced to 2 percent or less and ` ~
by increasing the average temperature of the , `
reheated preform at the time of stretch blowing to as high as 260F., the container shrinkage ;~
is reduced to on the order of less than 1 -~
percent. ~ -In accordance with this recent ,~
. ., .: .
; ` ,."~
1332155 :::
development in reheating of preforms, which is the subject of a pending U.S. application, the preform 10 will be reheated first utilizing a quartz oven or like quartz heater with this first reheating treatment resulting in the outside surface temperature of the preform ,~
ri.~ing to on the order of 240F. while the inside surface of the preform is only slightly ` .:~.
heated to a temperature on the order of 120F. j:~
The temperature of the center of the body wall of the preform is only slightly greater than .
the inside surface temperature and is on;the order of 140F. The initial reheating time is on the order of 14.5 seconds. ~.
15After the first quartz reheating, the ~; reheating is discontinued and the preform is ~
permitted to equilibrate for a period of time .~.
;~ on the order of 5 seconds. The temperature of the outside surface of the preform body continues to increase to a temperature on the . order of 250F. and then begins to cool down to a temperature on the order of 230F. At the ~:
same time, the temperature of the center of the preform body remains generall.y constant while i~ - -25the temperature of the inside surface of t.he `; -~.
preform body increases gradually to a . temperatu~e on the order of 135P., the temjperature of the inside surface..of t.he preform body approaching that of the center of , - :30 the preform body. ~. . .~......... .... .. .y~ Thereafter, it is preferred that :.-further reheating of the preform be also.by way.
of a quartz heater for a reheating period. The ~:~
~ time of this further quartz reheating is on the .~-~
~ 35order of 12.5 seconds and during this second ; ~ ' ~';
-: 1;
1332155 ~ : ~
- 8 ~
~ : ...::
period of quartz reheating, the temperature of .~
the exterior surface of the preform body ~ :
continu~s to rise above the temperature of the center of the preform body and the inside surface of the preform body. The exterior surface temperature ris.es to on the order of 350F. while the inside surface temperature 810wly gradually rises to a temperature on the ..
order of 180F. and the temperature at the '~
center of the preform wall slowly rises at a .~,~
slightly greater rate to a temperature on the .~ .
order of 220F. ,.~:
After the second quartz reheatlng, ~u ;
~ once again the temperature of the exterior .,,~
-~ 15 surface of the preform body i~ much greater than that of the interior surface and the .. ~
temperature at the center of the preform body has also gradually increased above that of the interior surface of the preform body.
The preform body is immediately ~
thereafter urther reheated by way of radio .
:frequen~cy heat~ing. While the temperature of ; .
the outside~surface of the preform body rises .
onl~y sl:lght~l~y during the radio frequency 25~- heati:ng~. the~heating of the inside surface of . ~m.~ .
the preform.body very rapidly increases from ,~1? ~ the temperature generally on the` order ~of 160 F. to a temperature slightly greater than 3~0 ~. The time~of radio frequency heating is ~~
-.~Y~ 30~ on the order of 2 seconds. During this time ther~e~is o~nly~ a minor increase in the temperatur~e:o$ the preform ~ody at the center f~`~ of the cross section thereof to a temperature .
`';`.~:; : on the order of 240F. Thus the temperature:of :35: the center of the preform body cross section is ; ~.:
:; ~,','``.~' . ,~ . .;. . ~
.,~ , ~ ,., .; . . .
-~ - t~3?~55 g the lowest and the temperatures of the inside surface and outside surface are greater.
At this point, the application of external heat to the preform is stopped and the 5 preform is directed into a blow mold, as will be discussed hereinafter, and blow molding steps are initiated with there being a total lapse of time on the order of 6 seconds.
During these 6 seconds, there is a second ~;
equilibration of the preform.
uring the second temperature equilibration, the temperature of the outside surfaces of the preform body will rapidly decrease to a temperature on the order of, but 15 below 280F. At the same time, the temperature on the inside surface of the preform body will continue to increase and then taper off to a temperature on the order of 350F. In a like manner, the temperature of the preform at the m 20 center of the body cross section will rise and then taper off at a temperature on the order of 260F. It will thus be seen that the ~;~
temperature at the center of the cross section r ~ ; of the preform body is still the lowest, but ! 25 the temperature of the outside surface is only slightly greater. -;~
Inasmuch as crystalliæation is a factor of temperature and time and sincelthe time during which surface crystallization may occur after reheating of the preform to its `~
maximum temperature is reduced, the desired high reheat temperature may be obtained in accordance with this reheating method without the undesired surface crystallization.
It is known to utilize a stretch rod .:
~;
- 10 _' 1 3321`55 ,,. ,;
to axially elongate a preform within a blow mold to assure the complete axial elongation of the preform. However, normally a similar rod is utilized solely for the purpose of maintaining the preform in a centered relationship with respect to the blow mold as the preform is inflated. However, in accordance with this invention, it is proposed to utilize the normal centering rod initially as a stretch rod, but prior to the introduction of a blowing gas into the preform. Thus, as is schematically shown in Figure 2, the preform 10, duly heated in the manner described above, is placed within an open split blow mold, generailly identified by the numeral 42 in a conventional manner. After the blow mold 42 has been closed, as shown in Figure 3, instead of immediately beginninq the inflation of the preform, the customary centering rod 44 is directed down into the preform 10 and engages the bottom part 40. The rod 44 is utilized to elongate the preorm on the order of 25 percent, as i~ shown in Figure 3. The results of this elongation of the preform 10 are best shown in Flgures 7 and 8~ Since the reheating of the preform 10 stops on the order of 2mm below the flange 24, and since the preform is supported against axial movement within the ~ ~blow mold by the flange 24, there is no ;;~ '!`30 deformation or elongation of the neck finish portion 16. On the other hand, since the ;~central part of the neck to body t~ansition 18 is of minimum cross section, it will be seen that there will be considerable elongation of 35 the neck to body transition 18. This will `'~
.~ , ' ~
I 3 .~2I ~
occur primarily in the cylindrical part 32 but will also occur partially within the downwardly tapering portion 30 and the downwardly flaring portion 34. Further, and rnost particularly, it will be seen that when the transition 18 is axially elongated, it will also neck down so as to as~ume a radially inwardly directed bowed configuration thus in effect reducing the diameter of the central part of the transition .-18. Becau~e of the radially inwardly directed bowing of the transition 18, it will be seen :~
that in the blow molding o~ the preform 10 within the blow mold 42 there will be a greater stretching of this portion of the preform in th.e hoop direction~
With reference to Figure 8, it will~ ~.
:~ be seen that since the base portion 12 of the ~; preform 10 is also heated to a high :
temperature, when it is engaged by the stretch rod 44, its resistance to thinning will not be ~: ~ as great as that of the body 14 so that there ~`~ will be an elongation of the base portion 12 as is best shown in Figure 8. This elongation ;~ wiLl be primarily in the radially outer portion ~:~ 25 of the body part 40 and in the frustoconical part 38 with the result that there will be a :~
newly formed body part ~6 which is generally ~-.
hemispherical together with a cylindrical part:~
; ,; . 1 48 in accordance with the diameter of the stretch rod 44. Finally there will be an upwardly flaring generally frustoconical part ~; 50 which joins the cylindrical part 48 to the body 14 by way of a curved part 52.
The preform 10, having been elongated on the order of 25 percent, is now ready for ~ ' ' ~:
, 1 3 ~
- 12 - ,:
the introduction of a blow gas so that the preform lO may be inflated in the customary manner to match the configuration of the blow ;
mold 42. If desired, during the inflation of ~-the stretched preform 10, the stretch rod 44 may be permitted to follow the axial elongation of the preform during inflation so as to make certain that the base portion 12 of the preform remains centered relative to the blow mold.
The inflation of the preform 10 within the blow mold 42 re~ults in the formation of a container in the form of a bottle generally identified by the nu~eral 54.
It is to be understood that the shape of the container or bottle 54 is also critical in the hot fill shrinkage thereof. As will be apparent, the bottle 54 will have a neck finish .
which is identical with the original neck ~-~
finish 16 of the preform 10 including the flange 24 and a portion of the preform immediately below the flange which wa~ not heated, as previously described. This portion ~; is generally in accordance with the previously described part 28 of the preform.
The bottle 54 also includes a ~i-downwardly and outwardly sloping shoulder portion 56 which is formed from the previously stretched neck to body transition portion 18.
The shoulder portion 56 in conventional ~ ~
container constructions is generally of a low ~;
orientation and is gradually formed during the 'j'~
inflation of the preform. However, inasmuch as the shoulder portion 56 is defined by that part , of the preform which was very r`apidly ;
mechanically stretched followed by the , ~
' ' ~
13.~?155 inflation of the preorm, the shoulder portion 56 has a high strain crystallization.
In accordance with the design configuration of the illustrated bottle 54, the shoulder portion 56 is connected by a radius 58 to an upper body portion 60 which flares slightly outwardly and downwardly. The upper body portion 60 terminates in a radially inwardly directed rib 62 which, in turn, is connected to a general}y cylindrical main body portion 64. The main body portion 64 includes upper and lower cylindrical bands 66, 68 with the body portion 64 between the bands 66, 68 including a plurality of radially inwardly r~cessed vacuum pressure panels 70. Each ;~pressure panel 70, as is best shown in Figure 9, is of a vertically elongated rectangular configuration with rounded corners and i5 generally chordal in configuration. Each pressure panel 70 is reinforced against deformation by a plurality of transverse horizontally extending radially recessed ribs 72 which are also of an elongated rectangular outline,~ but the elongation being in the 25~ horizontal or circumferential direction.
Adjacent pressure deformable vacuum panels 70 are separat~ed by a vertically elongated land area 74. Each land area 74 extends between the bands 66, 68 and is xelnforced by a vertically extending, radially inwardly directed rib 76.
;~The bottle 54 also includes a base 78 which include~ a ribbed recessed bottom 80 which is joined to the body 64 by a rounded `~35 base portion 82. The ribbed bottom, which is .~
~, ~
... .. .. . .
- 14 13321~S
best shown in Figure 10, may include Pive circum~erentially spaced, radiating downwardly directed ribs 84 which are defined by the base configuration of the blow mold 42.
As is be~t shown in Figure 9, the bands 66, 68 are recessed radially inwardly a slight distance with respect to the lower part of the rib 62 and the rounded portion 82 of the base portion 7~. This permits a conventional, low cost, full wrap label 86 to be applied to the body portion 64 in a protected position.
A~ ls clearly shown in Figure 10, the label 86 bridges the recessed pressure deformable vacuum panel 70 so as to give the bottle S4 the appearance of one wherein the body portion 64 i~ cylindrical.
. ., ",:
It is to be understood that due to the specific high temperature of the preform 10 which is possible in accordance with the heating procedure ou~lined above, and because of the speci~ic stretch ratio of the blow bottle 54 with respect to the preform 10 in both the axial and hoop directions, the resultant bottle 54 has in the body portions the reof a 28-30 percent sidewa l 1 crystallization which is a stress induced crystallization as opposed to being a temperature induced crystallization. Further, because of the specific cross sectional ; 30 configuration of the body portion 64 as well as the specific stress induced crystallization of the shoulder portion 56, when the bottle 54 is hot filled with a liquid at a temperature on the order of 180- 185F., the shrinkage of the bottle 54 by volume will be no qreater than 1 ' ~:
: ~;"::
- 15 _ 13321.~S
percent, i.e. the volumetric shrinkage should be between 0 and l percent. Thus the bottle 54, when hot filled with a heated liquid, will maintain this configuration. Further, because the neck finish l6 is non-oriented, it will be subjected to heat deformation. I~owever, because the neck finish 16 is injection molded and relatively thick, it will be able to with.stand the momentary heating thereof to a relatively high temperature without deformation which will prevent the closing and sealing of the bottle 54 utilizing conventional closures, particularly screw threaded closures.
It will also be noted that the recessed bottom or base portion 80 is of a relatively thick wall configuration and will ,;~
resist deformation when the bottle 54 is filled ~
`; with a heated liquid.
Although only a preferred embodiment ~
;~ 20 of the container and the method of forming the same, including a preferred embodiment of ~;~
preform, has been specifically described and ~;
illustratedr it is to be understood that minor variations may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
3b ` 35 `~
Claims (34)
1. A preform (10) for forming a blow molded hot fill container, said preform being formed of a polyes-ter resin and including a base portion (12), a body portion (14), a neck finish portion (16) and a neck to body transition (18), said neck finish portion includ-ing a lower flange (24) immediately adjacent said neck to body transition, said neck to body transition including a first portion (30) adjacent to the flange (24), a second portion (32) adjacent to the first por-tion (30), the first portion (30) flaring in increasing thickness between the second portion (32) and the flange (24), the second portion (32) defining a minimum cross-section region of the neck to body transition (18), which minimum cross-section has a thickness less than that of the body portion (14) and being spaced from the flange (24), and a third portion (34) between the second portion (32) and the body portion (14), the third portion (34) flaring in increasing thickness towards the body portion (14).
2. The preform of claim 1 wherein said flaring in thickness of the third portion (34) is both internal and external.
3. The preform of claim 1 wherein said minimum cross section portion (32) is substantially cylindri-cal.
4. The preform of claim 1 wherein the first por-tion includes a substantially cylindrical portion (28) adjacent the flange and a flaring portion adjacent to the second portion (32).
5. The preform of claim 1 wherein said preform is heated to a blow molding temperature, and said neck to body transition is free of heat crystallization.
6. The preform of claim 1 wherein said preform is heated to a blow molding temperature, and said neck to body transition has been axially elongated and reduced in cross section.
7. The preform of claim 6 wherein the first por-tion includes an internal thickening adjacent the flange to define a seat (26) for receiving a blow noz-zle.
8. The preform of claim 6 wherein said base por-tion includes a central projecting tubular extension.
9. The preform of claim 1 wherein said base por-tion (12) includes a lowermost part-spherical part (40) and a frustoconical part (38) joining said part-spherical part (40) to said body portion (41).
10. The preform of claim 1 wherein the part-spheri-cal part (40) tapers in thickness from the frustoconi-cal part (38).
11. A preform according to claim 10 wherein the base portion (12) further includes a radius part (36) which joins the frustoconical part (38) to the body portion (14).
12. A preform according to claim 1, wherein the neck finish is non-oriented and is substantially free of heat crystallization.
13. A preform according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, wherein the polyester is poly-ethylene terephthalate.
14. A preform according to claim 1, wherein the first portion (30) flares in thickness by a greater amount per unit length of the preform (10) than the flaring of the third portion (34).
15. A preform according to claim 1, wherein the flaring of the first portion (30) is external.
16. A method of forming a blow molded hot fill plastic container, said method comprising the steps of: a) providing a preform (10) including a base por-tion (12), a body portion (14), a neck finish portion (16) and a neck to body transition (18), said neck finish portion including a lower flange (24) immedi-ately adjacent said neck to body transition, said neck to body transition has a portion (32) of minimum cross section spaced from said flange, said minimum cross section portion (32) being of a lesser thickness than said body portion (14), and said neck to body transi-tion flaring in thickness to said body portion; b) heating said base portion, said body portion and said neck to body transition to a blow molding temperature with the heating of the neck to body transition being heated to a point closely adjacent said flange; c) placing the heated preform in a blow mold (42); d) axially elongating said preform thereby causing pref-erential thinning of the minimum cross-section portion (32) of the preform (10) relative to the remainder of the neck to body transition (18), wherein during axial elongation the portion (32) is caused to neck down and assume a radially inwardly directed bowed configura-tion so as to undergo a greater stretching in the hoop direction during subsequent blow molding; and e) then inflating said axially stretched preform to further stretch said preform both axially and circumferen-tially in accordance with the blow mold.
17. A method according to claim 16, wherein the preform includes a downwardly tapering first portion (30) increasing in wall thickness toward the portion (32) of minimum cross-section, and wherein during axial elongation the first portion (30) also necks down and assumes a radially inwardly directed bowed configuration.
18. A method according to claim 17, wherein the preform further includes a third portion below the minimum cross-section portion (32), the third portion (34) flaring in increasing thickness towards the body portion, and wherein during axial elongation the third portion (34) also necks down and assumes a radially inwardly directed bowed configuration.
19. A method according to claim 16, wherein the neck finish portion includes a flange (24) immediately adjacent to the neck to body transition (18), the said portion (32) of the neck to body transition (18) is a middle portion thereof which is spaced from the flange (24) and the neck to body transition (18) flares in thickness to the body portion (14).
20. A method according to claim 19, wherein the axial elongation and blow molding steps (d) and (e) are carried out whereby the container (54) has a biaxially oriented relatively thin shoulder region (56) formed from the neck to body transition (18) adjacent to a relatively thick portion beneath the flange (24) of the neck finish portion (16) of the container (54).
21. The method of claim 16 wherein the axial elon-gation of said neck to body transition is effected by a push rod engaging said preform base portion inter-nally.
22. The method of claim 16 wherein the axial elon-gation of said preform prior to inflation is on the order of 25 %.
23. A method according to claim 16, wherein after heating step (b) the neck to body transition (18) is substantially free of heat crystallization.
24. A method according to claim 16, wherein in heating step (b) a portion of the neck to body transi-tion (18) of the preform (10) which extends on the order of 2mm below the flange (24) is unheated.
25. A method according to claim 16, wherein the body portion (14) of the container (54) has a strain-induced sidewall crystallization of up to about 30 %.
26. A method according to claim 16, wherein the container (54) has a volume shrinkage of no greater than 1% when hot filled with a liquid at a temperature of from 82 to 85°C (180 to 185°F).
27. A hot fill polyester resin blow molded con-tainer (54) comprising a base (78), a cylindrical body (64), a shoulder portion (56), and a neck finish (16), said body having a plurality of circumferentially spaced and axially elongated recessed pressure deform-able vacuum panels (70) separated by vertical land areas (74), circumferential land areas (66, 68) above and below said vacuum panels joined to said vertical land areas (74), wherein the body (64) has a strain-induced crystallization of up to about 30%, and the shoulder region (56) has a high biaxial orientation produced by a preferential thinning and necking in of the neck to body transition during stretch blow mold-ing and is substantially free of heat crystallization.
28. A hot fill container according to claim 27 together with a label (86) extending around said body (64) and supported by said circumferential land areas (66, 68).
29. A hot fill container according to claim 24 or 25, wherein said vacuum panels (70) are reinforced against deformation by horizontal ribs (72).
30. A hot fill container according to claim 29 wherein each said panel is reinforced by a plurality of transverse horizontally extending radially recessed ribs.
31. A hot fill container according to claim 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 or 30, wherein said vertical land areas (74) are reinforced by vertical ribs (76).
32. A hot fill container according to claim 16, wherein the neck finish (16) is non-oriented and sub-stantially free from heat induced crystallization.
33. A hot fill container according to claim 16 wherein said polyester is polyethylene terephthalate and said body has a shrinkage no greater than 1 % when filled at 82-85°C (180-185°F).
34. A hot fill container according to claim 16 wherein said neck to body transition has a low biaxial orientation and is free of heat crystallization, said neck to body transition having a shrinkage no greater than 1 % when filled at 82-85°C (180-185°F) due to a rapid initial axial elongation of said neck to body transition followed by inflation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000616560A CA1332155C (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1993-01-14 | Hot fill container |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US137,565 | 1987-12-24 | ||
| US07/137,565 US4863046A (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1987-12-24 | Hot fill container |
| CA 586874 CA1317556C (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1988-12-22 | Hot fill container |
| CA000616560A CA1332155C (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1993-01-14 | Hot fill container |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 586874 Division CA1317556C (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1988-12-22 | Hot fill container |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1332155C true CA1332155C (en) | 1994-09-27 |
Family
ID=25672332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000616560A Expired - Fee Related CA1332155C (en) | 1987-12-24 | 1993-01-14 | Hot fill container |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1332155C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104981331A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-10-14 | 西德尔合作公司 | Method for blow molding a hot-fill container with increased stretch ratios |
-
1993
- 1993-01-14 CA CA000616560A patent/CA1332155C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104981331A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-10-14 | 西德尔合作公司 | Method for blow molding a hot-fill container with increased stretch ratios |
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