CA1330445C - Herbicidal amide of 4-trifluoromethyl 3'-carboxyl-4'nitro diphenyl ethers - Google Patents
Herbicidal amide of 4-trifluoromethyl 3'-carboxyl-4'nitro diphenyl ethersInfo
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- CA1330445C CA1330445C CA000338052A CA338052A CA1330445C CA 1330445 C CA1330445 C CA 1330445C CA 000338052 A CA000338052 A CA 000338052A CA 338052 A CA338052 A CA 338052A CA 1330445 C CA1330445 C CA 1330445C
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/42—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/44—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C235/46—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
HERBICIDAL AMIDES OF 4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-3'-CARBOXYL-4'-NITRO DIPHENYL ETHERS
Abstract of the Disclosure Compounds of the formula
Abstract of the Disclosure Compounds of the formula
Description
t 3 3 ~
¦ HE~BICIDAL AMIDES OF 4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-3'-J CARBOXY-4'-NITRO DIPHENYL ETHERS ~.
The Disclosure This invention relates to novel compounds which show ~ -5 activity as herbicides, to novel herbicidal compositions which contain these compounds, and to new methods of controlling weeds with these herbicidal compositions. ~ .
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a new class of novel diphenyl ethers having the 10 formula : ;
. CF3 :~.
.
,~
~COIRlR~
~33a~
wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, a trihalomethyl group, preferably a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group, pref~rably having l to 4 carbon atoms, most preferably a methyl group, or a cyano group, i Y is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, i preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, l is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a (Cl-C43alkoxy group, an alkyl group, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more ~ halogen atoms, hydroxy groups, tCl-C4) j alkoxy groups, cyano groups, thiol groups, ~1 15 (Cl-C4) alkylthio groups, carboxy groups, or agronomically-acceptable salts thereof, or carb(Cl-C4)alkoxy groups, or a cycloalkyl :~ group, preferably having one carbocyclic ring and 5 to 7 carbon atoms, and R2 i5 a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, . preferably havlng l to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, hydroxy groups, (Cl-C4) alkoxy groups, cyano groups, thiol groups, (Cl-C4) alkylthio groups, carboxy groups, :~ or agronomically-acceptable salts thereof, or :
carb(Cl-C4)alkoxy groups, or a cycloalkyl . group, prefera~ly havina one carbocyclic ring ~:~ and 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or ; 30 R1 and R2 can be taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and up to one additional hetero nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom.
When the X, Rl, or R2 substituent is an alkyl group, it can have either a straight- or branched-chain ;~
~ ~ ~ ' `~ ` ~ '` ` ` ` " ~ ' ' ' ` ! `" ~ ` i ! . ; ~ ~; ` . ` : . ~ ~
.~!'., ~.~ .. ' ' ' . ,'. ~ ` ' , ' .
~ ~ 3,~",;,"`-.,""` '~
~33~A~L~
configuration. When Rl or R2 is a substituted alkyl group, it will preferably have a single substituent.
These novel compounds have been found to show unexpected activity as weed control agents. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, X i5 a halogen atom, most preferably a chlorine atom, Y is a hydrogen atom and Rl and R2 are individually a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted (Cl-C4)alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted ~ -(Cl-C4) alkyl group. Most preferab~y either Rl or R2 is a hydrogen atom, and the other an unsubstituted (Cl-C4) alkyl group.
Examples of the compounds of the invention embraced by Formula I include:
¦ HE~BICIDAL AMIDES OF 4-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-3'-J CARBOXY-4'-NITRO DIPHENYL ETHERS ~.
The Disclosure This invention relates to novel compounds which show ~ -5 activity as herbicides, to novel herbicidal compositions which contain these compounds, and to new methods of controlling weeds with these herbicidal compositions. ~ .
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a new class of novel diphenyl ethers having the 10 formula : ;
. CF3 :~.
.
,~
~COIRlR~
~33a~
wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, a trihalomethyl group, preferably a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group, pref~rably having l to 4 carbon atoms, most preferably a methyl group, or a cyano group, i Y is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, i preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, l is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a (Cl-C43alkoxy group, an alkyl group, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more ~ halogen atoms, hydroxy groups, tCl-C4) j alkoxy groups, cyano groups, thiol groups, ~1 15 (Cl-C4) alkylthio groups, carboxy groups, or agronomically-acceptable salts thereof, or carb(Cl-C4)alkoxy groups, or a cycloalkyl :~ group, preferably having one carbocyclic ring and 5 to 7 carbon atoms, and R2 i5 a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, . preferably havlng l to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, hydroxy groups, (Cl-C4) alkoxy groups, cyano groups, thiol groups, (Cl-C4) alkylthio groups, carboxy groups, :~ or agronomically-acceptable salts thereof, or :
carb(Cl-C4)alkoxy groups, or a cycloalkyl . group, prefera~ly havina one carbocyclic ring ~:~ and 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or ; 30 R1 and R2 can be taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and up to one additional hetero nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom.
When the X, Rl, or R2 substituent is an alkyl group, it can have either a straight- or branched-chain ;~
~ ~ ~ ' `~ ` ~ '` ` ` ` " ~ ' ' ' ` ! `" ~ ` i ! . ; ~ ~; ` . ` : . ~ ~
.~!'., ~.~ .. ' ' ' . ,'. ~ ` ' , ' .
~ ~ 3,~",;,"`-.,""` '~
~33~A~L~
configuration. When Rl or R2 is a substituted alkyl group, it will preferably have a single substituent.
These novel compounds have been found to show unexpected activity as weed control agents. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, X i5 a halogen atom, most preferably a chlorine atom, Y is a hydrogen atom and Rl and R2 are individually a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted (Cl-C4)alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted ~ -(Cl-C4) alkyl group. Most preferab~y either Rl or R2 is a hydrogen atom, and the other an unsubstituted (Cl-C4) alkyl group.
Examples of the compounds of the invention embraced by Formula I include:
2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methylbenzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N,N-diethylbenzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-t-butylbenzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-bromo-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzamide ` 2-Nitro-5-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N,N-4-oxapentamethylenebenzamide 2-Nitro-5-~2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methyl-N-(2-hydroxypropyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2 chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-~; cyclohexylbenzamide ~ ~
~ 2-Nitro-5-(2-cyano-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-! i ~ ;~ 30 carboxymethylbenzamide ~-Ni~ro-5-(2,4-bistrifluoromethylphenoxy~-N-ethyl-N-(methylthioethyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-(2-ethoxyethyl)benzamide ; 35 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-ethylbenzamide r ~; ~
~33~5 2-Nitro-5-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methyl-N-(l-carbethoxy)ethylbenzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -N-methylbenzamide 5 2-Nitro-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N,N-, pentamethylenebenzamide 7 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -N-¦ carboxymethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-cyano-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzamide ! lo 2-Nitro-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-(2-cyanoethyl)benzamide ~, 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4~trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N, Nl-bis-A,j (2-hydroxyethyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-hydroxy-benzamide2-Nitro-5-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methoxybenzamide The novel diphenyl ethers of the invention are useful both as preemergence and postemergence herbicides.
Preemergence herbicides are ordinarily used to treat the soil in which the desired crop is to be planted by application either before seeding, during seeding, or, as in most applications, after seeding and before the crop ~- emerges. Postemergence herbicides are those which are applied after the plants have emerged and during their growth period. Compounds of the invention are ~ particularly active against broadleaf weeds.
: Among the crops on which the diphenyl ethers of the invention can be advantageously employed are, for example, soybeans, peanuts, cotton, corn, wheat, barley, ;~ rice and other cereal crops, and the like.
;~ When used in transplanted rice crops, the ethers can be applied either preemergence or postemergence to the ; weeds--that is, they can be applied to the growth medium of the transplanted plants either before the weed plants ~ have emerged or while they are in their early stages of `, ';~
` '' ~, i,~". ~ ' ; .
133~
growth. The ethers can be applied to the growth medium either before or after the rice has been transplanted to that medium.
The diphenyl ethers of the invention can be applied in any amount which will give the desired degree of weed control. A preferred rate of application of the herbicides of the invention is from about 0.1 to 12, and most preferably about 0.25 to 4, pounds of the diphenyl ether per acreO
~ 10 Under some conditions, the diphenyl ethers of the ¦ invention may be advantageously incorporated into the soil or other growth medium prior to planting a crop.
This incorporation can be carried out by any convenient means, including by simple mixing with the soil, by applying the diphenyl ether to the surface of the soil and then disking or dragging into the soil to the desired depth, or by employing a liquid carrier to accomplish the necessary penetration and impregnation.
A diphenyl ether of the invention can be applied to the growth medium or to plants to be treated either by itself or, as is generally done, as a component in a herbicidal composition or formulation which also comprises an agronomically acceptable carrier. By agronomically-acceptable carrier is meant any substance 2S which can be used to dissolve, disperse, or diffuse a herbicidal com?ound in the composition without impairing the effectiveness of the herbicidal compound and which by ~ itsel has no detrimental effect on the soil, equipment, r~: crops, or agronomic environment. Mixtures of the diphenyl ethers of the invention may be used in any of these herbicidal formulations. The herbicidal compositions of the invention can be either solid or - liquid formulations or solutions. For example, the diphenyl ethers can be formulated as wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, granular formulations, ~ `~ - aerosols, or flowable emulsion concentrates. In such :~ , :~
~, , 6 7, ~ , , ", . ~
1 3 3 ~
formulations, the compounds are extended with a liquid or solid carrier and, when desired, suitable surfactants are incorporated.
It is usually desirable, particularly in postemergence applications, to include adjuvants, such as wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, stickers, adhesives, and the like, in accordance with agricultural practices. Examples of adjuvants which are commonly used in the art can be found in the John W.
McCutcheon, Inc. publication "Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual. n The diphenyl ether compounds of this invention can be formulated in any appropriate solvent. Examples of solvents which are useful in the practice of this invention include water, alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, dimethylformamide, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the like. Mixtures of these solvents can also be used. The concentration of the solution can vary from about 2% to about 98% with a preferred range being about 25% to about 75%.
For the preparation of emuls~fiable concentrates, the diphenyl ether can be dissolved in organic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, methylated naphthalene, ;~ 25 corn oil, pine oil, o-dichlorobenzene, isophorone, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, and the like, or in mixtures of these solvents, together with an emulsifying agent which permits dispersion in water. Suitable ~ emulsifiers include, for example, the ethylene oxide `~ 30 derivatives of alkylphenols or long-chain alcohols, mercaptans, carboxylic acids, and reactive amines and partially esterified polyhydric alcohols.
Solvent-soluble sulfates or sulfonates, such as the alkaline earth salts or amine salts of ~; 35 alkylbenzenesulfonates and the fatty alcohol sodium sulfates, having surface-active properties can be used as :~
" ~
133~
emulsifiers either alone or in conjunction with an ethylene oxide reaction product. Flowable emulsion concentrates are formulated similarly to the emulsifiable concentrates and include, in addition to the above components, water and a stabilizing agent such as a water-soluble cellulose derivative or a water-soluble salt of a polyacrylic acid. The concentration of the active ingredient in emulsifiable concentrates is ~ usually about 10% to 60% and in flowable emulsion j 10 concentrates, this can be as high as about 75%.
Wettable powders suitable for spraying, can be prepared by admixing the compound with a finely divided solid, such as clays, inorganic silicates and carbonates, and silicas and incorporating wetting agents, sticking agents, and/or dispersing agents in such mixtures. The concentratation of active ingredients in such formulations is usually in the range of about 20% to 98%, preferably about 40% to 75%. A dispersing agent can constitute about 0.5% to about 3% of the composition, and a wetting agent can constitute from about 0.1% to about 5% of the composition.
Dusts can be prepared by mixing the compounds of the invention with finely divided inert solids which may be organic or inorganic in nature. Materials useful for this purpose include, for example, botanical flours, silicas, carbonates and clays. One convenient method of preparing a dust is to dilute a wettable powder with a finely divided carrier. Dust concentrates containing about 20% to 80% of the active ingredient are commonly made and are subsequently diluted to about ]% to 10% use concentration.
Granular formulations can be prepared by impregnating a solid such as a granular fuller's earth, vermiculite, ground corn cobs, seed hulls, including bran ; 35 or other grainhulls, or similar material. A solution of <~`
~ 3 ~
one or more of the diphenyl ethers in a volatile organic solvent is then removed by evaporation. The granular - material can have any suitable size, with a preferable size range of 16 to 60 mesh. The diphenyl ether will usually comprise about 2 to 15% of the granular formulation.
The diphenyl ethers of the invention can also be mixed with fertilizers or fertilizing materials before their application. In one type of solid fertilizing composition in which the diphenyl ethers can be used, particles of a fertilizer or fertilizing ingredients, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium phosphate, can be coated with one or more of the ethers.
The solid diphenyl ethers and solid fertilizing material can also be admixed in mixing or blending equipment, or they can be incorporated with fertilizers in granular formulations. Any relative proportion of diphenyl ether and fertilizer can be used which is suitable for the crops and weeds to be treated. The diphenyl ether will commonly be from about 5% to about 25% of the fertilizing composition. These compositions provide fertilizing materials which promote the rapid growth of desired plants, and at the same time control the growth of ` undesired plants. -~ 25 The diphenyl ethers of the invention can be applied ;~ as herbicidal sprays by methods commonly employed, such as conventional high-gallonage hydraulic sprays, low gallonage sprays, airblast spray, aerial sprays and dusts. For low volume applications a solution of the ~; 30 compound is usually used. The dilution and rate of application will usually depend upon such factors as the type of equipment employed, the methods of application, the area to be treated and the type and stage of development of the weeds.
~; 35 For some applications, i~ may be desirable to add ;:~
,: ., ;' ~- ~ .
~" ~33~
g , one or more other herbicides along with diphenyl ethers of i the invention. Examples of other herbicides which can be incorporated to provide additional advantages and effectivenss include:
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid and its salts 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoic acid and its salts 2-methoxy-3,5,6-trichlorobenzoic acid and its salts 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid and its salts ~ 10 2,3-dichloro-6-methylbenzoic acid and its salts 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts and esters 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts and : esters 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts and : esters ;~
2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid and its : salts and esters 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid and its salts and esters 4-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)butyric acid and its salts and esters ~ 2,3,6-trichlorophenylacetic acid and its salts ; 3,6-endoxohexahydrophthalic acid 25 dimethyl 2,~5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate trichloroacetic acid and its salts 2,2-dichloropropionic acid and its salts k 2,3-dichloroisobutyric acid and its salts Carbamic Acid Derivatives 30 ethyl N,N-di(n-propyl)thiolcarbamate propyl N,N-di(n-propyl)thiolcarbamate ~ :~ ethyl N-ethyl-N-(n-butyl)thiolcarbamate .~ propyl N-ethyl-N-(n-butyl~thiolcarbamate ~t, '`. 2-chloroallyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate ;; ~ 35 N-methyldithiocarbamic acid salts !~`
,~, :~
;, ~, :: ~
,37~`' ~33~
ethyl l-hexamethyleneiminecarbothiolate isopropyl N-phenylcarbamate isopropyl N-(m-chlorophenyl)carbamate 4-chloro-2-butynyl N-(m-chlorophenyl)carbamate methyl N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)carbamate Phenols dinitro-o-(sec-butyl)phenol and its salts pentachlorophenol and its salts Substituted Ureas ~ 10 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)~ dimethylurea i 3-phenyl-l,l~dimethylurea . 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methoxy-1,1-dimethylurea 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methoxy-1,1-dimethylurea 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-n-butyl-1-methylurea 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea : 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea ; 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1,3-trimethylurea 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-diethylurea ~ dichloral urea ¦ 20 Substituted Triazines t~j 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-chloro-4,6-bis(methoxypropylamino)-s-triazine 2-methoxy-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-(3-methoxypropylamino)-s-.~ : triazine 2-methylmercapto-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-methylmercapto-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine : 2-methylmercapto-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-: 30 triazine .~
2-chloro-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-methoxy-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine . ~ 2-methoxy-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine 2-methylmercapto-4-(2-methoxyethylamino)-6-isopropyoamino-s-triazine ~ `: :
'~
~ 3 3 ~
Diphenyl Ether Derivatives 2,4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4,6-trichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4-dichloro-6-fluoro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether :
3-methyl-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 3,5-dimethyl-4~-nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4'-dinitro-4-trifluoromethyldiphenyl ether 2,4-dichloro-3'-methoxy-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-3'-ethoxy-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 1 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-3'-carbethoxy-4'-I nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4-dichloro-3'-carbomethoxy-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether Anilides N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)propionamide N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methacrylamide ~:
N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-2-methylpentanamide N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)trimethylacetamide N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-a,a-dimethylvaleramide N-isopropyl-N-phenylchloroacetamide N-n-butoxymethyl-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl~chloroacetamide N-n-methoxymethyl-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)chloroacetamide .
Uracils 25 5-bromo-3-s-butyl-6-methyluracil :
S-bromo-3-cyclohexyl-1,6-dimethyluracil 3-cyclohexyl-5,6-trimethyleneuracil 5-bromo-3-isopropyl~6-methyluracil 3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil ~. :; _ Nitriles 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile diphenylacetonitrile ~ -3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile ., '~ .
~ ~: :
~ , :
:::
a6 ,Ij~
~1 3 3 ~
I Other Organic Herbicides j 2-chloro-N,N-diallylacetamide N-(l,l-dimethyl-2-propynyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide maleic hydrazide 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole monosodium methanearsonate disodium methanearsonate N,N-dimethyl-~,-diphenylacetamide N,N-di(n-propyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylaniline N,N-di(n-propyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline N,N-di(n-propyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylsulfonylaniline 0-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-O-methyl-isopropylphosphor-amidothioate 4-amino-3,5,6-trichlorop.icolinic acid 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone e di(methoxythiocarbonyl)disulfide 3-isopropyl-lH-2,1,3-benzothiazidin~-(4)3H-one-2,2-dioxide 6,7-dihydrodipyridoil,2-a:2',1'-c~pyrazidinium salts 20 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium salts 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2-thio-2~-1,3,5-thiadiazine.
4-Am~no-6-~1,1-dimethylethyl)~3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazin-5-~4H)-one 25 3-Amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid N3, N3-Diethyl-2,4-dinitro-6-trifluoromethyl-1,3-phenylene-diamine N-(2-chloroethyl?-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-trifluoro- :
methylaniline N-Cyclopropylmethyl- ~ ~, ~trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-~-toluidine N-(l-Ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzeneamine : S-(O,O-diisopropyl)phosphorodithioate ester of N-~2-, ~ mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide 2-~-Naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide , ` ~ ,~
~r~
133~
2-Chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-t2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide Methylsulfanilylcarbamate 3-(~ -Chlorophenoxy)phenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea Phosphonomethylglycine.
Methyl 2-(4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propionate Sodium 2- 4-[13,5-dichloro)-2-pyridyloxylphenoxy propionate Methyl 2-(4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy)-propionate When mixtures of herbicides are employed, the relative proportions which are used will depend upon the crop to ; be treated and the degree of selectivity in weed control which is desired.
15The ethers of the invention can be prepared by reacting an acid halide, preferably an acid chloride of a diphenyl ether of the formula .,.
~ y~X
rII) I COOH
. N02 wherein X and Y are as defined above, with an excess of ~ 20 an amine of the formula ,~ HNRlR2 (III) .
/ .',,:
~:
`~: _ . ~
.~ ~ I " ~
. ~ ~
13 3 0 4 ~ 3 wherein Rl and R2 are as defined above. This reaction is generally carried out in a solvent in which the acid chloride is soluble, such as diethyl ether, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, or the 5 like, at a temperature of about 0 to about 100C, preferably at about 0 to about 40C. The amination reaction can also be carried out under Schotten-Bauman conditions, where one equivalent of an amine of Formula III is first added to a mixture of an organic solvent, 10 such as diethyl ether or the like, and an aqueous solution of a strong inorganic base, such as sodium hydroxide, or the like, followed by the slow addition of an organic solution of the acid chloride, for example in toluene, to the agitated two-phase system. This reaction 15 is generally carried out at a temperature of about 0 to about 100C, preferably about 10 to about 40C.
, Compounds of the invention can also be prepared by 3 reacting an ester of a diphenyl ether of Formula II with an amine of Formula III, using an acid catalyst, such as 20 ~-toluenesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or the like in a suitable inert solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran, glyme, toluene, xylene, or the like, at a temperaturs of about 20 to the reflux temperature of the solvent. In another route to the compounds of the 25 invention, an ammonium salt of a diphenyl ether of Formula II, in which the cation has the formula -NH2R R (IIIa) ~;~ wherein Rl and R2 are as defined above, is heated at a temperature of about 100 to about 200 in a ~; 30 high-boiling inert solvent, such as toluene, xylene, diglyme, or the like, to produce the amide directly.
;~ The diphenyl ether precursors can be prepared by -reacting a suitably substituted phenol, or the potassium :~
!. ~;'.'.``.. , ,'.j ., ,. i ' , ;' I . .
~ ~ '' "'' '' ~ ; ' ~ ` '~ ' ~ ~ ~'~ ;'''~' '' 1330.~A~
or sodium salt of the phenol, with a suitably substituted halobenzene, such as a chloro- or fluorobenzene in the presence of an alkaline agent. Such precursors and their preparation are described in U.S. Patent 3,928,416, of Bayer et al., granted December 23, 1975, and U.s.Patent 4,031,131, of Johnson, granted June 21, 1977, Another route to the compounds of the invention involves the nitration of a diphenyl ether of the formula Y~\X
o ~IV) ,~ ~'' ;~
CONR R
wherein X, Y, Rl and R2 are as defined above, using typical niteating agents such as potassium nitrate in ~ sulfuric acid, acetyl nitrate, mixed sulfuric acid/nitric ;~ aci~d, nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, and the like. The nitration reaction is generally caeried out at about -20 to about; 100C, ~rererably about 0 to about 5C, ~
optionally in the presence of an inert organic solvent, such as methylene chloride or other chlorinated hydrocarbon.
Amides of the invention can also be prepared by condensing a phenol of the formula ~-, ~, , ~ ?
~ ~.s~i' ~ ~ ~.~,~,.,. ~ , ;'; ` '.,' ' ~` , - . ...
-1330~
~/
Y I X
0~ .
wherein X and Y are as defined above with a substituted halobenzene of the formula xl ~ (Vl) ;
CONR R
wherein X is a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom, and Rl and R2 are as defined above. This reaction is generally carried out at a temperature of about 0 to about 250C, preferably about 75 to about 200C, optionally in the presence of an appropriate ;~ 10 solvent, such as sulfolane, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoroustriamlde, or other inert polar organic solvent.
The following examples will further illustrate this invention but are not intended to limit it in any way.
In Table I, typical diphenyl ethers of the invention are listed with their elemental analyses. A specific illustrative preparation of the co~pound of Example 2 is set forth before Table I. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius and parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
.~
,.
133~
Example 2 Experimental:
Preparation of 2-nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy-N-methylbenzamide A solution of 2-nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoro-methylphenoxy)benzoyl chloride (10 g., 0.026 mole) and an excess of methylamine was stirred at room temperature in toluene for five hours. Amine hydrochloride was filtered off and the filtrate stripped to yield 2-(nitro-S-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzoyl chloride (8 g.) m.p. 118-120C.
TABLE I . :
Diphenyl Ethers - Phy cal Data ~Cl f ~coNRlR2 ~' , l :i~
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The following examples show the herbicidal properties of diphenyl ethers of the invention.
Example 6 This example shows the herbicidal activity of diphenyl ethers of the invention towards a number of common weeds. using the procedure described below, diphenyl ethers are evaluated for control of various plant species.
The following test procedure is employed. Seeds of selected crops and weeds are planted in soil in trays.
~or preemergence tests, the trays are treated with the test compound immediately after the planting. For postemergence tests, the seeds are allowed to germinate, and after two weeks the trays are treated with the test compound immediately after the planting. The compound to be evaluated is dissolved in acetone, diluted with water, and sprayed over the trays using a carrier volume equivalent to 50 gallons per acre at the rate of application of two or four pounds per acre. About two weeks after the application of the test compound, the statè of growth of the plants is observed and the phytotoxic effect of the compound is evaluated. The results of typical tests are summarized in Table II, which gives the aver~ge percent control achieved by the test ~ompounds with 0 representing no weed control and 100 complete kill of the plant.
The following species were tested:
Monocots;
barnyardgrass Echinochloa crusgalli 30 downybrome Bromus tectorum green ,oxtail Setaria vividis johnsongrass Sorghum halepense yellow nutsedge Cyperus esculentus wild oats Avena fatua ^ ~
,~
~ 3 3 ~
Dicots .
cocklebur Xanthium pensylvanicum marigold Tagetes patula tomato ~ycopersicum esculentum 5 morningglory Ipomoea sp nightshade Solanum nigrum velvetleaf Abutilon theophrasti safflower ~ t IAC~Or;U~
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Example 7 This example shows the selectivity of the diphenyl ethers of the invention towards several common crops, including corn, cotton, rice, soybeans and wheat. Using a procedure similar to Example 6, the following crops were planted and treated--corn, cotton, rape, rice, sugarbeet, soybeans and wheat. The results of typical tests are summarized in Table III, which gives the average percent injury caused by the test compound with O
representing no in~ury and 100 complete kill of the plant.
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~330~5 It is to be understood that changes and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.
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~ 2-Nitro-5-(2-cyano-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-! i ~ ;~ 30 carboxymethylbenzamide ~-Ni~ro-5-(2,4-bistrifluoromethylphenoxy~-N-ethyl-N-(methylthioethyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-(2-ethoxyethyl)benzamide ; 35 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-ethylbenzamide r ~; ~
~33~5 2-Nitro-5-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methyl-N-(l-carbethoxy)ethylbenzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -N-methylbenzamide 5 2-Nitro-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N,N-, pentamethylenebenzamide 7 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -N-¦ carboxymethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-cyano-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzamide ! lo 2-Nitro-5-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-(2-cyanoethyl)benzamide ~, 2-Nitro-5-(2-chloro-4~trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N, Nl-bis-A,j (2-hydroxyethyl)benzamide 2-Nitro-5-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-hydroxy-benzamide2-Nitro-5-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methoxybenzamide The novel diphenyl ethers of the invention are useful both as preemergence and postemergence herbicides.
Preemergence herbicides are ordinarily used to treat the soil in which the desired crop is to be planted by application either before seeding, during seeding, or, as in most applications, after seeding and before the crop ~- emerges. Postemergence herbicides are those which are applied after the plants have emerged and during their growth period. Compounds of the invention are ~ particularly active against broadleaf weeds.
: Among the crops on which the diphenyl ethers of the invention can be advantageously employed are, for example, soybeans, peanuts, cotton, corn, wheat, barley, ;~ rice and other cereal crops, and the like.
;~ When used in transplanted rice crops, the ethers can be applied either preemergence or postemergence to the ; weeds--that is, they can be applied to the growth medium of the transplanted plants either before the weed plants ~ have emerged or while they are in their early stages of `, ';~
` '' ~, i,~". ~ ' ; .
133~
growth. The ethers can be applied to the growth medium either before or after the rice has been transplanted to that medium.
The diphenyl ethers of the invention can be applied in any amount which will give the desired degree of weed control. A preferred rate of application of the herbicides of the invention is from about 0.1 to 12, and most preferably about 0.25 to 4, pounds of the diphenyl ether per acreO
~ 10 Under some conditions, the diphenyl ethers of the ¦ invention may be advantageously incorporated into the soil or other growth medium prior to planting a crop.
This incorporation can be carried out by any convenient means, including by simple mixing with the soil, by applying the diphenyl ether to the surface of the soil and then disking or dragging into the soil to the desired depth, or by employing a liquid carrier to accomplish the necessary penetration and impregnation.
A diphenyl ether of the invention can be applied to the growth medium or to plants to be treated either by itself or, as is generally done, as a component in a herbicidal composition or formulation which also comprises an agronomically acceptable carrier. By agronomically-acceptable carrier is meant any substance 2S which can be used to dissolve, disperse, or diffuse a herbicidal com?ound in the composition without impairing the effectiveness of the herbicidal compound and which by ~ itsel has no detrimental effect on the soil, equipment, r~: crops, or agronomic environment. Mixtures of the diphenyl ethers of the invention may be used in any of these herbicidal formulations. The herbicidal compositions of the invention can be either solid or - liquid formulations or solutions. For example, the diphenyl ethers can be formulated as wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dusts, granular formulations, ~ `~ - aerosols, or flowable emulsion concentrates. In such :~ , :~
~, , 6 7, ~ , , ", . ~
1 3 3 ~
formulations, the compounds are extended with a liquid or solid carrier and, when desired, suitable surfactants are incorporated.
It is usually desirable, particularly in postemergence applications, to include adjuvants, such as wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, stickers, adhesives, and the like, in accordance with agricultural practices. Examples of adjuvants which are commonly used in the art can be found in the John W.
McCutcheon, Inc. publication "Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual. n The diphenyl ether compounds of this invention can be formulated in any appropriate solvent. Examples of solvents which are useful in the practice of this invention include water, alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, dimethylformamide, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the like. Mixtures of these solvents can also be used. The concentration of the solution can vary from about 2% to about 98% with a preferred range being about 25% to about 75%.
For the preparation of emuls~fiable concentrates, the diphenyl ether can be dissolved in organic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, methylated naphthalene, ;~ 25 corn oil, pine oil, o-dichlorobenzene, isophorone, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, and the like, or in mixtures of these solvents, together with an emulsifying agent which permits dispersion in water. Suitable ~ emulsifiers include, for example, the ethylene oxide `~ 30 derivatives of alkylphenols or long-chain alcohols, mercaptans, carboxylic acids, and reactive amines and partially esterified polyhydric alcohols.
Solvent-soluble sulfates or sulfonates, such as the alkaline earth salts or amine salts of ~; 35 alkylbenzenesulfonates and the fatty alcohol sodium sulfates, having surface-active properties can be used as :~
" ~
133~
emulsifiers either alone or in conjunction with an ethylene oxide reaction product. Flowable emulsion concentrates are formulated similarly to the emulsifiable concentrates and include, in addition to the above components, water and a stabilizing agent such as a water-soluble cellulose derivative or a water-soluble salt of a polyacrylic acid. The concentration of the active ingredient in emulsifiable concentrates is ~ usually about 10% to 60% and in flowable emulsion j 10 concentrates, this can be as high as about 75%.
Wettable powders suitable for spraying, can be prepared by admixing the compound with a finely divided solid, such as clays, inorganic silicates and carbonates, and silicas and incorporating wetting agents, sticking agents, and/or dispersing agents in such mixtures. The concentratation of active ingredients in such formulations is usually in the range of about 20% to 98%, preferably about 40% to 75%. A dispersing agent can constitute about 0.5% to about 3% of the composition, and a wetting agent can constitute from about 0.1% to about 5% of the composition.
Dusts can be prepared by mixing the compounds of the invention with finely divided inert solids which may be organic or inorganic in nature. Materials useful for this purpose include, for example, botanical flours, silicas, carbonates and clays. One convenient method of preparing a dust is to dilute a wettable powder with a finely divided carrier. Dust concentrates containing about 20% to 80% of the active ingredient are commonly made and are subsequently diluted to about ]% to 10% use concentration.
Granular formulations can be prepared by impregnating a solid such as a granular fuller's earth, vermiculite, ground corn cobs, seed hulls, including bran ; 35 or other grainhulls, or similar material. A solution of <~`
~ 3 ~
one or more of the diphenyl ethers in a volatile organic solvent is then removed by evaporation. The granular - material can have any suitable size, with a preferable size range of 16 to 60 mesh. The diphenyl ether will usually comprise about 2 to 15% of the granular formulation.
The diphenyl ethers of the invention can also be mixed with fertilizers or fertilizing materials before their application. In one type of solid fertilizing composition in which the diphenyl ethers can be used, particles of a fertilizer or fertilizing ingredients, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium phosphate, can be coated with one or more of the ethers.
The solid diphenyl ethers and solid fertilizing material can also be admixed in mixing or blending equipment, or they can be incorporated with fertilizers in granular formulations. Any relative proportion of diphenyl ether and fertilizer can be used which is suitable for the crops and weeds to be treated. The diphenyl ether will commonly be from about 5% to about 25% of the fertilizing composition. These compositions provide fertilizing materials which promote the rapid growth of desired plants, and at the same time control the growth of ` undesired plants. -~ 25 The diphenyl ethers of the invention can be applied ;~ as herbicidal sprays by methods commonly employed, such as conventional high-gallonage hydraulic sprays, low gallonage sprays, airblast spray, aerial sprays and dusts. For low volume applications a solution of the ~; 30 compound is usually used. The dilution and rate of application will usually depend upon such factors as the type of equipment employed, the methods of application, the area to be treated and the type and stage of development of the weeds.
~; 35 For some applications, i~ may be desirable to add ;:~
,: ., ;' ~- ~ .
~" ~33~
g , one or more other herbicides along with diphenyl ethers of i the invention. Examples of other herbicides which can be incorporated to provide additional advantages and effectivenss include:
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid and its salts 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoic acid and its salts 2-methoxy-3,5,6-trichlorobenzoic acid and its salts 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid and its salts ~ 10 2,3-dichloro-6-methylbenzoic acid and its salts 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts and esters 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts and : esters 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts and : esters ;~
2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid and its : salts and esters 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid and its salts and esters 4-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)butyric acid and its salts and esters ~ 2,3,6-trichlorophenylacetic acid and its salts ; 3,6-endoxohexahydrophthalic acid 25 dimethyl 2,~5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate trichloroacetic acid and its salts 2,2-dichloropropionic acid and its salts k 2,3-dichloroisobutyric acid and its salts Carbamic Acid Derivatives 30 ethyl N,N-di(n-propyl)thiolcarbamate propyl N,N-di(n-propyl)thiolcarbamate ~ :~ ethyl N-ethyl-N-(n-butyl)thiolcarbamate .~ propyl N-ethyl-N-(n-butyl~thiolcarbamate ~t, '`. 2-chloroallyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate ;; ~ 35 N-methyldithiocarbamic acid salts !~`
,~, :~
;, ~, :: ~
,37~`' ~33~
ethyl l-hexamethyleneiminecarbothiolate isopropyl N-phenylcarbamate isopropyl N-(m-chlorophenyl)carbamate 4-chloro-2-butynyl N-(m-chlorophenyl)carbamate methyl N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)carbamate Phenols dinitro-o-(sec-butyl)phenol and its salts pentachlorophenol and its salts Substituted Ureas ~ 10 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)~ dimethylurea i 3-phenyl-l,l~dimethylurea . 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methoxy-1,1-dimethylurea 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methoxy-1,1-dimethylurea 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-n-butyl-1-methylurea 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea : 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea ; 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1,3-trimethylurea 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-diethylurea ~ dichloral urea ¦ 20 Substituted Triazines t~j 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-chloro-4,6-bis(methoxypropylamino)-s-triazine 2-methoxy-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-(3-methoxypropylamino)-s-.~ : triazine 2-methylmercapto-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-methylmercapto-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine : 2-methylmercapto-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-: 30 triazine .~
2-chloro-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine 2-methoxy-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine . ~ 2-methoxy-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine 2-methylmercapto-4-(2-methoxyethylamino)-6-isopropyoamino-s-triazine ~ `: :
'~
~ 3 3 ~
Diphenyl Ether Derivatives 2,4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4,6-trichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4-dichloro-6-fluoro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether :
3-methyl-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 3,5-dimethyl-4~-nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4'-dinitro-4-trifluoromethyldiphenyl ether 2,4-dichloro-3'-methoxy-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-3'-ethoxy-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether 1 2-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-3'-carbethoxy-4'-I nitrodiphenyl ether 2,4-dichloro-3'-carbomethoxy-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether Anilides N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)propionamide N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methacrylamide ~:
N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-2-methylpentanamide N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)trimethylacetamide N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-a,a-dimethylvaleramide N-isopropyl-N-phenylchloroacetamide N-n-butoxymethyl-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl~chloroacetamide N-n-methoxymethyl-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)chloroacetamide .
Uracils 25 5-bromo-3-s-butyl-6-methyluracil :
S-bromo-3-cyclohexyl-1,6-dimethyluracil 3-cyclohexyl-5,6-trimethyleneuracil 5-bromo-3-isopropyl~6-methyluracil 3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil ~. :; _ Nitriles 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile diphenylacetonitrile ~ -3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile ., '~ .
~ ~: :
~ , :
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a6 ,Ij~
~1 3 3 ~
I Other Organic Herbicides j 2-chloro-N,N-diallylacetamide N-(l,l-dimethyl-2-propynyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzamide maleic hydrazide 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole monosodium methanearsonate disodium methanearsonate N,N-dimethyl-~,-diphenylacetamide N,N-di(n-propyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylaniline N,N-di(n-propyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline N,N-di(n-propyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-methylsulfonylaniline 0-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-O-methyl-isopropylphosphor-amidothioate 4-amino-3,5,6-trichlorop.icolinic acid 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone e di(methoxythiocarbonyl)disulfide 3-isopropyl-lH-2,1,3-benzothiazidin~-(4)3H-one-2,2-dioxide 6,7-dihydrodipyridoil,2-a:2',1'-c~pyrazidinium salts 20 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium salts 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2-thio-2~-1,3,5-thiadiazine.
4-Am~no-6-~1,1-dimethylethyl)~3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazin-5-~4H)-one 25 3-Amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid N3, N3-Diethyl-2,4-dinitro-6-trifluoromethyl-1,3-phenylene-diamine N-(2-chloroethyl?-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-trifluoro- :
methylaniline N-Cyclopropylmethyl- ~ ~, ~trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-~-toluidine N-(l-Ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzeneamine : S-(O,O-diisopropyl)phosphorodithioate ester of N-~2-, ~ mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide 2-~-Naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide , ` ~ ,~
~r~
133~
2-Chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-t2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide Methylsulfanilylcarbamate 3-(~ -Chlorophenoxy)phenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea Phosphonomethylglycine.
Methyl 2-(4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy)propionate Sodium 2- 4-[13,5-dichloro)-2-pyridyloxylphenoxy propionate Methyl 2-(4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy)-propionate When mixtures of herbicides are employed, the relative proportions which are used will depend upon the crop to ; be treated and the degree of selectivity in weed control which is desired.
15The ethers of the invention can be prepared by reacting an acid halide, preferably an acid chloride of a diphenyl ether of the formula .,.
~ y~X
rII) I COOH
. N02 wherein X and Y are as defined above, with an excess of ~ 20 an amine of the formula ,~ HNRlR2 (III) .
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.~ ~ I " ~
. ~ ~
13 3 0 4 ~ 3 wherein Rl and R2 are as defined above. This reaction is generally carried out in a solvent in which the acid chloride is soluble, such as diethyl ether, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, or the 5 like, at a temperature of about 0 to about 100C, preferably at about 0 to about 40C. The amination reaction can also be carried out under Schotten-Bauman conditions, where one equivalent of an amine of Formula III is first added to a mixture of an organic solvent, 10 such as diethyl ether or the like, and an aqueous solution of a strong inorganic base, such as sodium hydroxide, or the like, followed by the slow addition of an organic solution of the acid chloride, for example in toluene, to the agitated two-phase system. This reaction 15 is generally carried out at a temperature of about 0 to about 100C, preferably about 10 to about 40C.
, Compounds of the invention can also be prepared by 3 reacting an ester of a diphenyl ether of Formula II with an amine of Formula III, using an acid catalyst, such as 20 ~-toluenesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or the like in a suitable inert solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran, glyme, toluene, xylene, or the like, at a temperaturs of about 20 to the reflux temperature of the solvent. In another route to the compounds of the 25 invention, an ammonium salt of a diphenyl ether of Formula II, in which the cation has the formula -NH2R R (IIIa) ~;~ wherein Rl and R2 are as defined above, is heated at a temperature of about 100 to about 200 in a ~; 30 high-boiling inert solvent, such as toluene, xylene, diglyme, or the like, to produce the amide directly.
;~ The diphenyl ether precursors can be prepared by -reacting a suitably substituted phenol, or the potassium :~
!. ~;'.'.``.. , ,'.j ., ,. i ' , ;' I . .
~ ~ '' "'' '' ~ ; ' ~ ` '~ ' ~ ~ ~'~ ;'''~' '' 1330.~A~
or sodium salt of the phenol, with a suitably substituted halobenzene, such as a chloro- or fluorobenzene in the presence of an alkaline agent. Such precursors and their preparation are described in U.S. Patent 3,928,416, of Bayer et al., granted December 23, 1975, and U.s.Patent 4,031,131, of Johnson, granted June 21, 1977, Another route to the compounds of the invention involves the nitration of a diphenyl ether of the formula Y~\X
o ~IV) ,~ ~'' ;~
CONR R
wherein X, Y, Rl and R2 are as defined above, using typical niteating agents such as potassium nitrate in ~ sulfuric acid, acetyl nitrate, mixed sulfuric acid/nitric ;~ aci~d, nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, and the like. The nitration reaction is generally caeried out at about -20 to about; 100C, ~rererably about 0 to about 5C, ~
optionally in the presence of an inert organic solvent, such as methylene chloride or other chlorinated hydrocarbon.
Amides of the invention can also be prepared by condensing a phenol of the formula ~-, ~, , ~ ?
~ ~.s~i' ~ ~ ~.~,~,.,. ~ , ;'; ` '.,' ' ~` , - . ...
-1330~
~/
Y I X
0~ .
wherein X and Y are as defined above with a substituted halobenzene of the formula xl ~ (Vl) ;
CONR R
wherein X is a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom, and Rl and R2 are as defined above. This reaction is generally carried out at a temperature of about 0 to about 250C, preferably about 75 to about 200C, optionally in the presence of an appropriate ;~ 10 solvent, such as sulfolane, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoroustriamlde, or other inert polar organic solvent.
The following examples will further illustrate this invention but are not intended to limit it in any way.
In Table I, typical diphenyl ethers of the invention are listed with their elemental analyses. A specific illustrative preparation of the co~pound of Example 2 is set forth before Table I. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius and parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
.~
,.
133~
Example 2 Experimental:
Preparation of 2-nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy-N-methylbenzamide A solution of 2-nitro-5-(2-chloro-4-trifluoro-methylphenoxy)benzoyl chloride (10 g., 0.026 mole) and an excess of methylamine was stirred at room temperature in toluene for five hours. Amine hydrochloride was filtered off and the filtrate stripped to yield 2-(nitro-S-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzoyl chloride (8 g.) m.p. 118-120C.
TABLE I . :
Diphenyl Ethers - Phy cal Data ~Cl f ~coNRlR2 ~' , l :i~
;:
~ ' 1 3 ~
u~ O ~
~ ~ D O
tP
,1 Z c~ r o ~ c~ ~o 1~
dP
w r~
C~ I CD 00 G '1 t~ ~9 ~ o~r ~ _I ~ ~ c~ _I 1`
: ~
C ~n C ~nc ~ c ~n c ~q ~ o ~ o ~ o ~ o ~ o ~ o a~ , :: ~ o ~
:~ ~r ~ ~ o _I
~, _ c~ o u~
o : ~ ~
~ :: . e E E El O13 E ::
. i, .' ,'i .~ V :
"
X
,~
.- a . ~ ~ ~ E z ,~
'.~ X
-:~
: ~ ~
,~` ," o .~
~ ~ .
`~
:~
~3~Q~
The following examples show the herbicidal properties of diphenyl ethers of the invention.
Example 6 This example shows the herbicidal activity of diphenyl ethers of the invention towards a number of common weeds. using the procedure described below, diphenyl ethers are evaluated for control of various plant species.
The following test procedure is employed. Seeds of selected crops and weeds are planted in soil in trays.
~or preemergence tests, the trays are treated with the test compound immediately after the planting. For postemergence tests, the seeds are allowed to germinate, and after two weeks the trays are treated with the test compound immediately after the planting. The compound to be evaluated is dissolved in acetone, diluted with water, and sprayed over the trays using a carrier volume equivalent to 50 gallons per acre at the rate of application of two or four pounds per acre. About two weeks after the application of the test compound, the statè of growth of the plants is observed and the phytotoxic effect of the compound is evaluated. The results of typical tests are summarized in Table II, which gives the aver~ge percent control achieved by the test ~ompounds with 0 representing no weed control and 100 complete kill of the plant.
The following species were tested:
Monocots;
barnyardgrass Echinochloa crusgalli 30 downybrome Bromus tectorum green ,oxtail Setaria vividis johnsongrass Sorghum halepense yellow nutsedge Cyperus esculentus wild oats Avena fatua ^ ~
,~
~ 3 3 ~
Dicots .
cocklebur Xanthium pensylvanicum marigold Tagetes patula tomato ~ycopersicum esculentum 5 morningglory Ipomoea sp nightshade Solanum nigrum velvetleaf Abutilon theophrasti safflower ~ t IAC~Or;U~
'~ ~
''' : ':
,~
., :
, .
::
, ,'~
,.
.
,~
, , ~
@``~
~ "i,;,"", ~ " ,, . - -.;, -` - ,,, ,,, , - " ~, f ~
~330~
~ahlo~
I o o a~ ~ o ~ o o o o ~al~,aAIa~ ~ O ~ a~ ~o ~ ~ o~
J ap~s~ O O t I t o .Iol~uFu.Io~ ~~ c4 ~o r ~ a ~ D
I o o u~ o o O O O
O~,~U10,~ 1 1 0 ~0 a~ ~r o o ~ ~
o o a~ o o o ~ u~
Pl~o~ ~o ~ I~ o o a~ a~
v oo oo oo oo oo _l .mqal~o~ ~ co r~
O I o o u~ u~ O O a~ ~ o o v s~o Pl~
c~o oo o o o ~ oa~
a9pas~nu Molla~ a. ~.~ o ~ o~ ut a~
3 v( S~u~lpaas )~ O O a~ o o o ~ o~
~ gSS~ UOSU~O~ 0~ ~ ~ O 1` ~ ~ ~ er D
cO, ~ .
~xo,~ uaal~ o r o o O ~ O oO a` o O
C~ aulo~lq~6uMo~,o~ GO ~ ~ ~ ~ ~r SSB.I~p~IB~UI~ cr~ a~ cra~ o ~ 0 . ~ n I
1~ . V V V ~ V
~ Z p~ O p~ ~ O O ~
.~ ~ E
3 ~
, ~ .
O u~
, ;~ .
~: ~ .$1~, ,~,,,, ,~,.
:~
13~0~
V 13MO~ 2S ¦ I I I
a~Bal~,a~ o o o ~pB~S~ I I I I (~
~.IO~ U~U-IO~
o~UI,I, I_O, ,o~
a plo~F.Iz~l O O ~ o~ I I
_ o .mqal~l~o~ cr~ ~ er :
C O S~BO Pll~ ~ o o Hl~ o a~pas~nu Molla~¦ ~n ~o li3 aJ o ( S5~UFIp3a S ) I In ~ ~ ~
~: ~ o ~SSBl~uOsu~Orl ~ ~
~: ~IF~xo~ uaa~ O ~ 0~ O O
~ aUlO<Iq.~UMOa¦ 1~~ O ~0 0 o ~
: u~a~ oo co v , ~ S9B.I~p-lBl~U-IBa a~ ~ v r ~ :
,o v v æ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 v ~"; o s~
.~ 6 19 .,~
"~ C) Id ~ u7 ~ O
:'~
,. , 13304~
Example 7 This example shows the selectivity of the diphenyl ethers of the invention towards several common crops, including corn, cotton, rice, soybeans and wheat. Using a procedure similar to Example 6, the following crops were planted and treated--corn, cotton, rape, rice, sugarbeet, soybeans and wheat. The results of typical tests are summarized in Table III, which gives the average percent injury caused by the test compound with O
representing no in~ury and 100 complete kill of the plant.
~ : ~
: ~:
.' ;v~
' '~ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' " . ' ,'~ ' i(i~
, ~
1 3 ~ t~
In O In u~ o ut Ul In ~ o u~ u~
LH~
o o o o o o o o ~ o U o ~os ~
I ooo oou~ ~oo oo~n ~S I ~ ~ ~ ~ U~
C) o o o n ~ o o u~ In o I~I ~ ,~
E ooo ooo ooo ooo c ~~ ~ ~ co co ~q O I 000 OoO u~ ooo ~~1 ~D~O ~er ~ ~ ~.
U'~ O O U~ O O U~ ~ O
N~
U~OO ooo ooo ~U~O
LHM ¦ ~
ooo ooo oo o ooo H ~i O S t~
H ~ :
. ~ OoO oou~ lnoo o~o : ~ a ~S o o o a~ o a~ cr ~ 1-- o a~ cs U ~
OOU~ 000 000 000 ~ ' ~ I~;I ~ ~ ~
::' aJ o . .
a~ O O O O O O O O U--l O U~ O
~ Y~ 000 0_10 ooa~ o~a 0~ ~ ~
LO~l ooo ooo ooo ooo '~:' ~, OU~O 000 ~00 000 - N;:) co ~ H -I
~:
~ ~ O 1~
. . c a~ z Z x Z Z
I
,~
,~ o _, .~
~ ~`
~ `
'i~
;g;: ~ :
~330~5 It is to be understood that changes and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.
,:;:
:
:
:' . '' , ' ~:
'', ii ~ ~
~ : .
~,,,~ .
~ `'~
~,, :
Claims (22)
1. A compound of the formula wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C1-C4)alkyl group, a cyano group, or a trifluoromethyl group, Y is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a (C1-C4)alkoxy group, a (C1-C4)alkyl group, optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a (C1-C4)alkoxy group, a cyano group, a thiol group, a (C1-C4)alkylthio group or a carb(C1-C4)alkoxy group, or a monocyclic (C5-C7)cycloalkyl group, and R2 is a hydrogen atom, a (C1-C4)alkyl group, optionally substituted with a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a (C1-C4)alkoxy group, a cyano group, a thiol group, a (C1-C4)alkylthio group or a carb(C1-C4)alkoxy group, or a monocyclic (C5-C7)cycloalkyl group, or R1 and R2 can be taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and up to one additional hetero nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atom.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted or substituted (C1-C4)alkyl group.
3. The compound of claim 2 wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted (C1-C4)alkyl group.
4. The compound of claim 2 wherein Y is a hydrogen atom.
5. The compound of claim 4 wherein X is a halogen atom.
6. The compound of claim 5 wherein one of R1 and R2 is a hydrogen atom.
7. A method of controlling weeds which comprises applying to the surface of the growth medium prior to the emergence of the weeds from the growth medium a compound of claim 1 in an amount effective to control the growth of the weeds.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the compound is applied in an amount of about 0.1 to about 12 pounds per acre.
9. A method of controlling weeds which comprises applying to weed seedlings a compound of claim 1 in an amount sufficient to control the growth of the seedlings.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the compound is applied in an amount of about 0.1 to about 12 pounds per acre.
11. A method for selectively controlling weeds in an agronomic crop which comprises applying to the area in which the crop is growing or is to be grown a compound of claim 1 in an amount sufficient to control the growth of the weeds without significantly affecting the growth of the agronomic crop.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein the crop is corn, cotton, rice, soybean or wheat.
13. A compound of the formula in which R8 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R9 is a hydroxy group; an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; or an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms substituted by a group selected from cyano and an alkoxy group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
14. A method for combating undesirable weeds comprising applying to the weeds, or to a habitat thereof, a herbicidally effective amount of a compound according to claim 13.
15. A compound of the formula in which R8 and R9 are taken together with the attached nitrogen to form a saturated heterocyclic ring having 5 to 7 members comprising carbon in combination with one of sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen.
16. A method of combating undesirable weeds comprising applying to the weeds, or to a habitat thereof, a herbicidally effective amount of a compound according to claim 15.
17. A compound of the formula wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C1-C4)alkyl group, a cyano group, or a trifluoromethyl group, Y is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R1 is a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted (C1-C4)alkyl, and R2 is a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted (C1-C4)alkyl group.
18. The compound of claim 17 wherein X is a chlorine atom, Y and R1 are hydrogen atoms and R2 is a methyl or ethyl group.
19. A herbicidal composition which comprises a compound according to claim 1, 2 or 3, together with an agronomically-acceptable carrier.
20. A herbicidal composition which comprises a compound according to claim 4, 5 or 6, together with an agronomically-acceptable carrier.
21. A herbicidal composition which comprises a compound according to claim 13, 15 or 17, together with an agronomically-acceptable carrier.
22. A herbicidal composition which comprises a compound according to claim 1, 2 or 3, a surfactant, and an agronomically-acceptable carrier.
30.
30.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6098179A JPS54151943A (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1979-05-17 | Herbicidal amide of 44trifluoromethyll3** carboxyy4**nitrodiphenylether |
| CA000338052A CA1330445C (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1979-10-19 | Herbicidal amide of 4-trifluoromethyl 3'-carboxyl-4'nitro diphenyl ethers |
| US06/856,428 US4937381A (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1986-04-21 | Herbicidal amides of 4-trifluoromethyl-3'-carboxyl-4'-nitro-diphenyl ethers |
| US07/096,217 US5073188A (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1987-09-08 | Herbicidal amides of 4-trifluoromethyl-3'-carboxyl-4'-nitrodiphenyl ethers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US90763678A | 1978-05-19 | 1978-05-19 | |
| CA000338052A CA1330445C (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1979-10-19 | Herbicidal amide of 4-trifluoromethyl 3'-carboxyl-4'nitro diphenyl ethers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1330445C true CA1330445C (en) | 1994-06-28 |
Family
ID=25668979
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000338052A Expired - Fee Related CA1330445C (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1979-10-19 | Herbicidal amide of 4-trifluoromethyl 3'-carboxyl-4'nitro diphenyl ethers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54151943A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1330445C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3045805A1 (en) * | 1980-12-05 | 1982-07-08 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | DIPHENYL ETHER, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THEIR USE AS HERBICIDES |
| CH658453A5 (en) * | 1982-12-17 | 1986-11-14 | Rhone Poulenc Agrochimie | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SULFONAMIDE GROUP ARYLOXYBENZOIC ACIDS. |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5048129A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-04-30 | ||
| JPS5346933A (en) * | 1976-10-06 | 1978-04-27 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | #-phenoxybenzoic acid derivatives, their preparation and herbicides containing the same as active constituents |
| JPS5949222B2 (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1984-12-01 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Metaphenoxybenzoic acid amide derivative and method for producing the same |
-
1979
- 1979-05-17 JP JP6098179A patent/JPS54151943A/en active Pending
- 1979-10-19 CA CA000338052A patent/CA1330445C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54151943A (en) | 1979-11-29 |
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