CA1329489C - Cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material - Google Patents
Cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1329489C CA1329489C CA000581977A CA581977A CA1329489C CA 1329489 C CA1329489 C CA 1329489C CA 000581977 A CA000581977 A CA 000581977A CA 581977 A CA581977 A CA 581977A CA 1329489 C CA1329489 C CA 1329489C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cooling chamber
- chamber according
- fan
- shut
- flaps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
- F27D15/02—Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
- F27B9/3011—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
- F27D2007/045—Fans
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps permitting throughflow, in particular of ingot stocks of light metal semi-finished products, has a fan which delivers into an exhaust duct and on the suction side of which a bifurcated pipe is arranged; a shut-off and regulating flap is located at each branch of the bifurcated pipe. Feed ducts which are allocated to the branches of the bifurcated pipe are arranged symmetrically to the material; each feed duct has a further shut-off and regulating flap; the shut-off and regulating flaps in the bifurcated pipe and in the feed ducts can be adjusted in such a way that, by reason of the suction effect of the fan, the material is flowed through by the main stream or by a part-stream and that the direction of flow of the cooling medium can be reversed.
Description
32~89 Cooling Chamber for the Convection Coollng of Two-Dimensionally ~rranged Material The invention relates to a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps allowing throughflow, in particular of so-called ingot stoc~s of light metal semi-finished products of the generic type stated in the pre-characterizing clause of Claim l.
II1 the heat treatment of stocks of material, e.g. light metal ingot stocks, following homogenization, highly efficient, as uniform as possible cooling of the material must be performed.
Depending on the metallurgical/specifications, this cooling must be controlled or interrupted by holding phases, in which the temperature must not change.
These two-dimensionally arranged materials may, for example, be several layers of light metal bars laid one on the other to form a stock, the said bars being subjected to the cooling process at an initial material temperature of 580C. The weight of such a stock can amount to 25 t or more. In the first few hours of the cooling process, 8,000,000 to lO,000,000 KJ (8 - 10 GJ) of heat energy must be removed.
These figures illustrate the problems connected with the cooling of such a stock, in particular in view of the fact that the temperatures of the individual bars of such a stock, which may contain a large number of bars, must not differ from each other by more than a few degrees C during the cooling process.
To solve this cooling problem, it is customary to place the stock to be cooled in a chamber, the so-called "cooling chamber", in which a circulation of air is generated by the aid of fans. Such cooling chambers are divided into two basic types, namely cooling chambers which operate on the basis of an open circuit ,,~, X --~,'c~
II1 the heat treatment of stocks of material, e.g. light metal ingot stocks, following homogenization, highly efficient, as uniform as possible cooling of the material must be performed.
Depending on the metallurgical/specifications, this cooling must be controlled or interrupted by holding phases, in which the temperature must not change.
These two-dimensionally arranged materials may, for example, be several layers of light metal bars laid one on the other to form a stock, the said bars being subjected to the cooling process at an initial material temperature of 580C. The weight of such a stock can amount to 25 t or more. In the first few hours of the cooling process, 8,000,000 to lO,000,000 KJ (8 - 10 GJ) of heat energy must be removed.
These figures illustrate the problems connected with the cooling of such a stock, in particular in view of the fact that the temperatures of the individual bars of such a stock, which may contain a large number of bars, must not differ from each other by more than a few degrees C during the cooling process.
To solve this cooling problem, it is customary to place the stock to be cooled in a chamber, the so-called "cooling chamber", in which a circulation of air is generated by the aid of fans. Such cooling chambers are divided into two basic types, namely cooling chambers which operate on the basis of an open circuit ,,~, X --~,'c~
-2- ~ 3 ~ 9 and cooling chambers which utilize the closed circuit principle.
In open circuit cooling chambersl ambient air is blown onto the stock and then withdrawn from the cooling chamber, while, following its remsval from the cooling chamber, the air conveyed by the fan in the case of closed circuit cooling chambers flows through a cooler which serves as a heat-exchanger and is in general water-cooled, and then through the material to be cooled.
In order to achieve the sufficient uniformity of cooling and hence the homogeneous temperature distribution in the cooling chamber during this cooling process, so-called "reversing", i.e. a reversal of the direction of flow of the blowing air is used. This reversing is effected almost exclusively by reversal of the direction of rotation of the axial fan used as the flow drive. However, this simple solution, in terms of expenditure, has one decisive disadvantage: a fan suitable for ~eversing the flow must have neither a preliminary nor a secondary guide impeller and in addition must have blades which are set at 45 so that the flow output in the two directions is at least approximately equal. However, this restriction in the design of the axial fan severely limits the possibility of increasing the pressure of the blowing medium and hence improving the efficiency, with the result that in the case of stocks having high throughflow resistances, as encountered in the case of two-dimensionally arranged materials in arrangements having gaps permitting throughflow, the large volume flows required to achieve the high cooling rates are not achieved.
This is particularly the case when, in a closed circuit, a cooling unit has to be flowed through.
Another solution, which is disclosed in DE-OS
In open circuit cooling chambersl ambient air is blown onto the stock and then withdrawn from the cooling chamber, while, following its remsval from the cooling chamber, the air conveyed by the fan in the case of closed circuit cooling chambers flows through a cooler which serves as a heat-exchanger and is in general water-cooled, and then through the material to be cooled.
In order to achieve the sufficient uniformity of cooling and hence the homogeneous temperature distribution in the cooling chamber during this cooling process, so-called "reversing", i.e. a reversal of the direction of flow of the blowing air is used. This reversing is effected almost exclusively by reversal of the direction of rotation of the axial fan used as the flow drive. However, this simple solution, in terms of expenditure, has one decisive disadvantage: a fan suitable for ~eversing the flow must have neither a preliminary nor a secondary guide impeller and in addition must have blades which are set at 45 so that the flow output in the two directions is at least approximately equal. However, this restriction in the design of the axial fan severely limits the possibility of increasing the pressure of the blowing medium and hence improving the efficiency, with the result that in the case of stocks having high throughflow resistances, as encountered in the case of two-dimensionally arranged materials in arrangements having gaps permitting throughflow, the large volume flows required to achieve the high cooling rates are not achieved.
This is particularly the case when, in a closed circuit, a cooling unit has to be flowed through.
Another solution, which is disclosed in DE-OS
3,049,162 comprises directing the flowing air onto the ~32~8~
-2a-stock by means of a fan and altering the direction of the air stream by means of an adjusting flap. however, a device of this kind is only suitable for simple dryers which are not expected to meet particularly stringent requirements with regard to uniform cooling of a large volume of material; given the stringent requirement for a uniform temperature distribution, such as that required X '' '~
` - 3 - 1~2~89 ~or the cooling of light metal, this apparatus does not lead to the desired result.
Corresponding disadvantages also apply to the circulatiny apparatus known from DE-OS 2,600,724.
Finally, a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps permitting throughflow, of the generic type stated, is disclosed in DE-OS 3,215,509.
In this arrangement, a fan forces the gas stream 10 through the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material; in order to obtain the desired uniform temperature distribution over the whole volume of the material, the direction of the gas stream can be controlled by sliding valve plates similar to cover 15 plates. The fundamental disadvantage of this apparatus lies in the fact that the flow through the gaps in the material occurs only on the delivery side of the fan, i.e. the air which brings about cooling is blown onto the stock. This blowing on with the aid of jets which pass through the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material produces locally very different cooling rates which are not reconcilable with the stringent requirements on the uniform temperature distribution during cooling of high-volume light metal stocks 2s following homogenization.
The present invention seeks to create a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps allowing throughflow, in particular of so-called ingot stocks of light metal semi-finished products, of the generic type stated, in which the above-mentioned disadvantages do not occur.
In particular, the invention seeks to provide an apparatus which guarantees a highly uniform tempera-3s ture distribution over the whole of the material to becooled even when extremely large masses of material have to be treated.
A
- 3a - 13 2 9 4 8 9 In accordance with the invention there is provided a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangement~
having gaps allowing throughflow, in particular of s ingot stocks o~ light metal semi-finished products, having at least one fan deli~eIing into an exhaust duct, characterized in thati.
i) a bifurcated pipe is arranged on a suction side of the fan;
ii) a shut-off and regu:Lating flap is provided in each branch of the bifurcated pipei iii) feed ducts, which are associated with the branches of the bifurcated pipe, are arranged symmetrically to the material to be cooled;
15 iv) each of said feed ducts has a further shut-off and regulating flap;
v) the shut-off and regulating flaps in the bifurcated pipe and in the feed ducts are set so that, by reason of the suction effect of the fan, the material to be cooled is flowed through by the main or a part-stream and so that the direction of flow is reversed.
, , . ,, ~ . ., . "' ~,1 ' ,. , , , ~ '~ ~j "~ , ", " ` ,~
_4_ ~3~
Expedient embodiments are defined by the features of the subclaims.
The advantages achieved with the invention are based on the fact that an exactly defined part-stream of the air stream drawn in by the fan flows through the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material and the material is thereby cooled, enabling the cooling to be exactly defined. Despite this, the entire conveyed stream is available at the fan, enabling the operating temperature of the fan to be kept within limits by mixing the blowing air with fresh air. This in turn makes possible the use of industrial fans employing conventional bearing and driving technology without the need to employ special embodiments of high-temperature fans.
By virtue of the arrangement of the material on the suction side of the fan, a uniform flow through the yaps in the material is achieved; the direction of flow can be changed as desired by means of the flaps. In comparison with devices in which the direction of rotation of the fan has to be changed for this purpose, this represents a major advantage since, in the case of an alteration of the direction of rotation of the fan, the latter must in each case be started, braked and accelerated again and this leads to considerable problems of design and wear in the case of continuous operation. Finally, it is also possible with the apparatus according to the invention for the gaps in the material to be flowed through in a closed circuit, this proving extremely advantageous particularly in the case of holding phases.
For particular requirements, i.e., when, for example, holding times at certain temperatures are to be maintained using such a cooling chamber, additional pivoted flaps can be installed in the side walls.
X
-5- ~ 32~ ~ g~
Given appropriate temperature lnsulation of the cooling chamber, the temperature of the material scarcely alters in the holding phase, making the additional installation of a heating facility superfluous in almost all cases.
The invention is explained in greater detail below by means of an exemplary embodiment, with reference to the attached schematic drawings, in which:
Figure l shows a cross-section through a cooling chamber, and Figure 2 shows the cooling chamber according to Figure l, partly in longitudinal section and partly in side view.
The cooling chamber which can be seen in the figures and is indicated in general by the reference 10 accommodates an ingot stock 12 which, according to the representation of Fig. l, consists of a stock of several layers of light metal bars. The ingot stock 12 rests on a conventional support 14, the height of which can be adjusted by means of a schematically indicated adjusting device.
Gaps through which a cooling medium, in general air, flows in a manner which will be explained below are necessarily formed between the individual light metal bars of the ingot stock 12.
The ingot stock 12 is surrounded by a thermally insulated housing 16 having side walls 16a and an intermediate ceiling 16b, the said housing being at such a distance from the lateral surfaces of the ingot stock 12 that ducts 13a, 13b for the feeding and removal of the blowing air are formed between the side walls 16a of the housing 16 and the ingot stock 12.
A powerful axial fan 18, which has a secondary guide impeller and delivers into an exhaust duct 20 arranged vertically above the axial fan 18l is arranged vertically and symmetrically above the ingot stock 12, X
-6- ~32~8~
i.e. above the intermediate ceiling 16b. This exhaust duct 20 can be completely or partially closed by a shut-off and regulating flap 22 designed as a louvered flap.
5At least one connecting duct 24a, 24b, which is in each case provided with a louvered flap 26a, 26b serving as a shut-off and regulating flap, branches off on each side from the exhaust duct 20 downstream of the axial fan 18 but upstream of the shut-off and regulating flap 22, as seen in the direction of flow.
These connecting ducts 24a, 24b in each case open into a feed duct 28a, 28b arranged at the side of the ingot stock 12. Upstream of the mouths of the connecting ducts 24a, 24b, louvered flaps 30a, 30b likewise serving as shut-off and regulating flaps are built into the feed ducts 28a, 28b. Through these feed ducts 2Ba, 28b, which are in alignment with ducts 13a, 13b, ambient air can be drawn against and through the ingot stock 12 by the axial fan 18.
20Towards the ingot stock 12, i.e. towards the bottom, the axial fan 18 is connected to a bifurcated pipe 32 having a left-hand branch 32a, a right-hand branch 32b and a header 32c. In each branch 32a, 32b there is a shut-off and regulating flap 34a, 34b. The 25branches 32a, 32b are turned towards the ducts 13a, 28a and 13b, 28b while the header 32c is connected to the axial fan 18.
Finally, pivoted flaps 36a, 36b are also provided, which are located approximately at the level of the intermediate ceiling 16b and open or close the ducts 13a, 13b on both sides of the ingot stock 12 between their side walls and the side walls 16a of the housing 16.
These pivoted flaps 36a, 36b are formed by parts of the insulated side walls 16a.
X ''.
.
~32~89 Thus, in this cooling chamber 10, the cooling medium, air, is drawn through the gaps in the ingot stock 12 by the axial fan 1~, the corresponding direction of flow being determined by adjusting the respective louvered flaps. Since the shape of the flow cross-sections narrows constantly towards the ingot stock 12, jet-like applications and hence nonuniform cooling is avoided.
If, for example, as illustrated in Fig. l, the flow is to pass through the ingot stock 12 from right to left, the louvered flap 34a located in the right-hand branch 32a of the bifurcated pipe 32 is closed and the louvered flap 34b located in the left-hand branch 32a is opened. The louvered flap 30a in the feed duct 28a must simultaneously be opened and the louvered flap 30 in the feed duct 28b simultaneously closed.
The two flaps 36a, 36b are of course open.
The air drawn in by the axial fan 18 now flows through the feed duct 28a in the direction of the arrows, downwards, on the right-hand side of the ingot stock 12, through the duct 13a, through the gaps in the ingot stock 12, upwards, on the left-hand side of the ingot stock 12, through the duct 13b, and then through the left-hand branch 32b of the bifurcated pipe 32 and the header 32c to the axial fan 18, which conveys the air into the exhaust duct 20.
A nonuni-Eorm temperature distribution in the horizontal direction of the two-dimensionally arranged material is produced by reason of the heating of the air during its passage through the two-dimensionally arranged material, making it necessary to reverse the direction of flow at regular intervals.
With the exception of flaps 36a and 36b, the hitherto opened flaps are for this purpose closed and the hitherto closed flaps are opened, so that the air is now drawn in via the feed channel 28b and flows from X
-8- 1~2~
the left--hand side through duct 13b into the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material 12, emerges on the right-hand side from the two-dimensionally arranged material 12 and then, via ducts 13a and the right-hand branch 32a, reaches the axial fan, which conveys the heated air into the exhaust duct 20.
By partial opening or closure of the flaps 34a, 34b in the two branches 32a, 32b of the bifurcated pipe, it is possible to ensure that an exactly defined part-stream of the air stream drawn in by the axial fan 18 flows through the ingot stock 12. The cooling effect can thus be exactly proportioned.
In addition, by partial opening of the flaps 26a and 26b in the connecting ducts 24a, 24b, the air stream drawn off can be mixed in a controlled manner with fresh air in order to achieve particular temperature effects.
In addition, the operating temperature of the fan 18 can thereby be held within limits.
For particular requirements, when, for example,, holding times at a particular temperature are to be achieved with the cooling chamber 10, the flaps 36a, 36b are pivoted into the ducts 13a, 13b and hence the housing 16 is sealed. Given appropriate insulation, the temperature of the ingot stock 12 then scarcely alters during such a holding phase, making the additional installation of a heating facility superfluous in almost all cases.
Finally, by closing the flaps 30a, 30b in the feed ducts 28a, 28b and opening the flaps 26a, 26b in the connecting ducts 24a, 24b, the cooling chamber 10 can also be operated as a closed circuit. This is expedient in particular when the ingot stock 12 must be kept at a particular temperature in the holding phases.
The inlet cross-sections of the two branches 32a, 32b of the bifurcated pipe 32 and the cross-X
-8a- 1329489 sections of the feed ducts 28a, 28b and of the ducts 13a, 13b are rectangular in shape; the major axls of the rectangles corresponds to the zone length for which a fan is provided; the transformation from the rectangular cross-section to be circular section cross-section of the axial fan 18 takes place in the header 32c of the bifurcated pipe 32.
The ducts 13a, 13b on the two sides of the ingot stock 12 are provided with flow-guiding devices.
Noise control devices can furthermore be provided in the exhaust duct 20.
In the embodiment illustrated and described, the fan 18 is designed as an axial fan; in the same way, it is however also possible to use a radial fan.
X
-2a-stock by means of a fan and altering the direction of the air stream by means of an adjusting flap. however, a device of this kind is only suitable for simple dryers which are not expected to meet particularly stringent requirements with regard to uniform cooling of a large volume of material; given the stringent requirement for a uniform temperature distribution, such as that required X '' '~
` - 3 - 1~2~89 ~or the cooling of light metal, this apparatus does not lead to the desired result.
Corresponding disadvantages also apply to the circulatiny apparatus known from DE-OS 2,600,724.
Finally, a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps permitting throughflow, of the generic type stated, is disclosed in DE-OS 3,215,509.
In this arrangement, a fan forces the gas stream 10 through the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material; in order to obtain the desired uniform temperature distribution over the whole volume of the material, the direction of the gas stream can be controlled by sliding valve plates similar to cover 15 plates. The fundamental disadvantage of this apparatus lies in the fact that the flow through the gaps in the material occurs only on the delivery side of the fan, i.e. the air which brings about cooling is blown onto the stock. This blowing on with the aid of jets which pass through the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material produces locally very different cooling rates which are not reconcilable with the stringent requirements on the uniform temperature distribution during cooling of high-volume light metal stocks 2s following homogenization.
The present invention seeks to create a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps allowing throughflow, in particular of so-called ingot stocks of light metal semi-finished products, of the generic type stated, in which the above-mentioned disadvantages do not occur.
In particular, the invention seeks to provide an apparatus which guarantees a highly uniform tempera-3s ture distribution over the whole of the material to becooled even when extremely large masses of material have to be treated.
A
- 3a - 13 2 9 4 8 9 In accordance with the invention there is provided a cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangement~
having gaps allowing throughflow, in particular of s ingot stocks o~ light metal semi-finished products, having at least one fan deli~eIing into an exhaust duct, characterized in thati.
i) a bifurcated pipe is arranged on a suction side of the fan;
ii) a shut-off and regu:Lating flap is provided in each branch of the bifurcated pipei iii) feed ducts, which are associated with the branches of the bifurcated pipe, are arranged symmetrically to the material to be cooled;
15 iv) each of said feed ducts has a further shut-off and regulating flap;
v) the shut-off and regulating flaps in the bifurcated pipe and in the feed ducts are set so that, by reason of the suction effect of the fan, the material to be cooled is flowed through by the main or a part-stream and so that the direction of flow is reversed.
, , . ,, ~ . ., . "' ~,1 ' ,. , , , ~ '~ ~j "~ , ", " ` ,~
_4_ ~3~
Expedient embodiments are defined by the features of the subclaims.
The advantages achieved with the invention are based on the fact that an exactly defined part-stream of the air stream drawn in by the fan flows through the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material and the material is thereby cooled, enabling the cooling to be exactly defined. Despite this, the entire conveyed stream is available at the fan, enabling the operating temperature of the fan to be kept within limits by mixing the blowing air with fresh air. This in turn makes possible the use of industrial fans employing conventional bearing and driving technology without the need to employ special embodiments of high-temperature fans.
By virtue of the arrangement of the material on the suction side of the fan, a uniform flow through the yaps in the material is achieved; the direction of flow can be changed as desired by means of the flaps. In comparison with devices in which the direction of rotation of the fan has to be changed for this purpose, this represents a major advantage since, in the case of an alteration of the direction of rotation of the fan, the latter must in each case be started, braked and accelerated again and this leads to considerable problems of design and wear in the case of continuous operation. Finally, it is also possible with the apparatus according to the invention for the gaps in the material to be flowed through in a closed circuit, this proving extremely advantageous particularly in the case of holding phases.
For particular requirements, i.e., when, for example, holding times at certain temperatures are to be maintained using such a cooling chamber, additional pivoted flaps can be installed in the side walls.
X
-5- ~ 32~ ~ g~
Given appropriate temperature lnsulation of the cooling chamber, the temperature of the material scarcely alters in the holding phase, making the additional installation of a heating facility superfluous in almost all cases.
The invention is explained in greater detail below by means of an exemplary embodiment, with reference to the attached schematic drawings, in which:
Figure l shows a cross-section through a cooling chamber, and Figure 2 shows the cooling chamber according to Figure l, partly in longitudinal section and partly in side view.
The cooling chamber which can be seen in the figures and is indicated in general by the reference 10 accommodates an ingot stock 12 which, according to the representation of Fig. l, consists of a stock of several layers of light metal bars. The ingot stock 12 rests on a conventional support 14, the height of which can be adjusted by means of a schematically indicated adjusting device.
Gaps through which a cooling medium, in general air, flows in a manner which will be explained below are necessarily formed between the individual light metal bars of the ingot stock 12.
The ingot stock 12 is surrounded by a thermally insulated housing 16 having side walls 16a and an intermediate ceiling 16b, the said housing being at such a distance from the lateral surfaces of the ingot stock 12 that ducts 13a, 13b for the feeding and removal of the blowing air are formed between the side walls 16a of the housing 16 and the ingot stock 12.
A powerful axial fan 18, which has a secondary guide impeller and delivers into an exhaust duct 20 arranged vertically above the axial fan 18l is arranged vertically and symmetrically above the ingot stock 12, X
-6- ~32~8~
i.e. above the intermediate ceiling 16b. This exhaust duct 20 can be completely or partially closed by a shut-off and regulating flap 22 designed as a louvered flap.
5At least one connecting duct 24a, 24b, which is in each case provided with a louvered flap 26a, 26b serving as a shut-off and regulating flap, branches off on each side from the exhaust duct 20 downstream of the axial fan 18 but upstream of the shut-off and regulating flap 22, as seen in the direction of flow.
These connecting ducts 24a, 24b in each case open into a feed duct 28a, 28b arranged at the side of the ingot stock 12. Upstream of the mouths of the connecting ducts 24a, 24b, louvered flaps 30a, 30b likewise serving as shut-off and regulating flaps are built into the feed ducts 28a, 28b. Through these feed ducts 2Ba, 28b, which are in alignment with ducts 13a, 13b, ambient air can be drawn against and through the ingot stock 12 by the axial fan 18.
20Towards the ingot stock 12, i.e. towards the bottom, the axial fan 18 is connected to a bifurcated pipe 32 having a left-hand branch 32a, a right-hand branch 32b and a header 32c. In each branch 32a, 32b there is a shut-off and regulating flap 34a, 34b. The 25branches 32a, 32b are turned towards the ducts 13a, 28a and 13b, 28b while the header 32c is connected to the axial fan 18.
Finally, pivoted flaps 36a, 36b are also provided, which are located approximately at the level of the intermediate ceiling 16b and open or close the ducts 13a, 13b on both sides of the ingot stock 12 between their side walls and the side walls 16a of the housing 16.
These pivoted flaps 36a, 36b are formed by parts of the insulated side walls 16a.
X ''.
.
~32~89 Thus, in this cooling chamber 10, the cooling medium, air, is drawn through the gaps in the ingot stock 12 by the axial fan 1~, the corresponding direction of flow being determined by adjusting the respective louvered flaps. Since the shape of the flow cross-sections narrows constantly towards the ingot stock 12, jet-like applications and hence nonuniform cooling is avoided.
If, for example, as illustrated in Fig. l, the flow is to pass through the ingot stock 12 from right to left, the louvered flap 34a located in the right-hand branch 32a of the bifurcated pipe 32 is closed and the louvered flap 34b located in the left-hand branch 32a is opened. The louvered flap 30a in the feed duct 28a must simultaneously be opened and the louvered flap 30 in the feed duct 28b simultaneously closed.
The two flaps 36a, 36b are of course open.
The air drawn in by the axial fan 18 now flows through the feed duct 28a in the direction of the arrows, downwards, on the right-hand side of the ingot stock 12, through the duct 13a, through the gaps in the ingot stock 12, upwards, on the left-hand side of the ingot stock 12, through the duct 13b, and then through the left-hand branch 32b of the bifurcated pipe 32 and the header 32c to the axial fan 18, which conveys the air into the exhaust duct 20.
A nonuni-Eorm temperature distribution in the horizontal direction of the two-dimensionally arranged material is produced by reason of the heating of the air during its passage through the two-dimensionally arranged material, making it necessary to reverse the direction of flow at regular intervals.
With the exception of flaps 36a and 36b, the hitherto opened flaps are for this purpose closed and the hitherto closed flaps are opened, so that the air is now drawn in via the feed channel 28b and flows from X
-8- 1~2~
the left--hand side through duct 13b into the gaps in the two-dimensionally arranged material 12, emerges on the right-hand side from the two-dimensionally arranged material 12 and then, via ducts 13a and the right-hand branch 32a, reaches the axial fan, which conveys the heated air into the exhaust duct 20.
By partial opening or closure of the flaps 34a, 34b in the two branches 32a, 32b of the bifurcated pipe, it is possible to ensure that an exactly defined part-stream of the air stream drawn in by the axial fan 18 flows through the ingot stock 12. The cooling effect can thus be exactly proportioned.
In addition, by partial opening of the flaps 26a and 26b in the connecting ducts 24a, 24b, the air stream drawn off can be mixed in a controlled manner with fresh air in order to achieve particular temperature effects.
In addition, the operating temperature of the fan 18 can thereby be held within limits.
For particular requirements, when, for example,, holding times at a particular temperature are to be achieved with the cooling chamber 10, the flaps 36a, 36b are pivoted into the ducts 13a, 13b and hence the housing 16 is sealed. Given appropriate insulation, the temperature of the ingot stock 12 then scarcely alters during such a holding phase, making the additional installation of a heating facility superfluous in almost all cases.
Finally, by closing the flaps 30a, 30b in the feed ducts 28a, 28b and opening the flaps 26a, 26b in the connecting ducts 24a, 24b, the cooling chamber 10 can also be operated as a closed circuit. This is expedient in particular when the ingot stock 12 must be kept at a particular temperature in the holding phases.
The inlet cross-sections of the two branches 32a, 32b of the bifurcated pipe 32 and the cross-X
-8a- 1329489 sections of the feed ducts 28a, 28b and of the ducts 13a, 13b are rectangular in shape; the major axls of the rectangles corresponds to the zone length for which a fan is provided; the transformation from the rectangular cross-section to be circular section cross-section of the axial fan 18 takes place in the header 32c of the bifurcated pipe 32.
The ducts 13a, 13b on the two sides of the ingot stock 12 are provided with flow-guiding devices.
Noise control devices can furthermore be provided in the exhaust duct 20.
In the embodiment illustrated and described, the fan 18 is designed as an axial fan; in the same way, it is however also possible to use a radial fan.
X
Claims (19)
1. A cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material in arrangements having gaps allowing throughflow, in particular of ingot stocks of light metal semi-finished products, having at least one fan delivering into an exhaust duct, characterized in that:
i) a bifurcated pipe is arranged on a suction side of the fan;
ii) a shut-off and regulating flap is provided in each branch of the bifurcated pipe;
iii) feed ducts, which are associated with the branches of the bifurcated pipe, are arranged symmetrically to the material to be cooled;
iv) each of said feed ducts has a further shut-off and regulating flap;
v) the shut-off and regulating flaps in the bifurcated pipe and in the feed ducts are set so that, by reason of the suction effect of the fan, the material to be cooled is flowed through by the main or a part stream and so that the direction of flow is reversed.
i) a bifurcated pipe is arranged on a suction side of the fan;
ii) a shut-off and regulating flap is provided in each branch of the bifurcated pipe;
iii) feed ducts, which are associated with the branches of the bifurcated pipe, are arranged symmetrically to the material to be cooled;
iv) each of said feed ducts has a further shut-off and regulating flap;
v) the shut-off and regulating flaps in the bifurcated pipe and in the feed ducts are set so that, by reason of the suction effect of the fan, the material to be cooled is flowed through by the main or a part stream and so that the direction of flow is reversed.
2. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that inlet cross-sections of said branches of the bifurcated pipe and the cross-sections of the feed ducts are rectangular in shape.
3. A cooling chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that the major axis of the rectangles corresponds to the zone length for which a fan is provided, and in that the transformation from the rectangular cross-section to the circular suction
4. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a shut-off and regulating flap is arranged in the exhaust duct.
5. A cooling chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that a connecting duct which connects the exhaust duct to the feed ducts arranged on both sides of the material to be cooled, is in each case provided upstream of the shut-off and regulating flap in the exhaust duct, as seen in the direction of flow.
6. A cooling chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that each connecting duct is provided with a shut-off and regulating flap.
7. A cooling chamber according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that each connecting duct opens into the feed duct between the regulating flaps and the connection to the bifurcated pipe.
8. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that at least some of the shut-off and regulating flaps are designed as louvered flaps.
9. A cooling chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that at least some of the shut-off and regulating flaps are designed as louvered flaps.
10. A cooling chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that at least some of the shut-off and regulating flaps are designed as louvered flaps.
11. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 or 10, characterized in that the feed ducts on both sides of the material to be cooled have flow-guiding devices.
12. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 or 10, characterized in that said fan is an axial fan
13. A cooling chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that said fan is an axial fan.
14. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9 or 10, characterized in that said fan is a radial fan.
15. A cooling chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that said fan is a radial fan.
16. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13 or 15, characterized in that a housing surrounding the material to be cooled is provided with heat and sound insulation.
17. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13 or 15, characterized in that a housing surrounding the material to be cooled can be shut off by pivotable flaps.
18. A cooling chamber according to claim 17, characterized in that the pivotable flaps are formed by parts of insulated side walls of a housing surrounding the material to be cooled, and are located at the level of an intermediate ceiling of the housing.
19. A cooling chamber according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13 or 15, characterized in that noise control devices are provided in the exhaust pipe.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3737254.8 | 1987-11-03 | ||
| DE19873737254 DE3737254A1 (en) | 1987-11-03 | 1987-11-03 | COOLING CHAMBER FOR CONVECTION COOLING OF SURFACE GOODS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1329489C true CA1329489C (en) | 1994-05-17 |
Family
ID=6339674
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000581977A Expired - Fee Related CA1329489C (en) | 1987-11-03 | 1988-11-02 | Cooling chamber for the convection cooling of two-dimensionally arranged material |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0315590B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE100929T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1329489C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3737254A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO172364C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4337533A1 (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-11 | Schmitz & Apelt Loi Industrieo | Industrial furnace for heat treatment of feed material, which is arranged in a batch in a heat treatment room |
| DE102008008648B3 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2009-07-16 | Andreas Breloer | Device for cooling a workpiece |
| CN109425231B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2024-02-13 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Air draft type circulating cooling system and process for sinter |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2619341A (en) * | 1947-09-26 | 1952-11-25 | Sunbeam Corp | Heat-treating furnace |
| BE850200A (en) * | 1977-01-07 | 1977-05-02 | Cobelcomex | CONVECTION AIR CIRCULATION OVEN |
| DE3035032C1 (en) * | 1980-09-17 | 1982-08-26 | Stahlwerke Röchling-Burbach GmbH, 6620 Völklingen | Process for the heat treatment of wire coils and continuous furnace for carrying out the process |
| DE3049162A1 (en) * | 1980-12-24 | 1982-07-15 | Keramikindustrieanlagen W.Strohmenger GmbH & Co KG, 8524 Neunkirchen | Ceramic item drying equipment - has hollow walls with fans and air holes on inside |
| US4395233A (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1983-07-26 | G. S. Blodgett Co., Inc. | Dual flow heating apparatus |
| DE3215509A1 (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-10-27 | Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden | Vacuum chamber oven |
| DE3322386A1 (en) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-01-10 | Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden | METHOD FOR COOLING A BATCH AFTER A HEAT TREATMENT, AND OVEN SYSTEM FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| DE3441289A1 (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1985-10-31 | Paul Schneider Rohrleitungsbau GmbH, 8633 Rödental | Method for the physical and/or chemical influencing and/or treatment of stacked or piled material by means of flowing media |
-
1987
- 1987-11-03 DE DE19873737254 patent/DE3737254A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-10-26 DE DE88810733T patent/DE3887452D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-26 AT AT88810733T patent/ATE100929T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-26 EP EP88810733A patent/EP0315590B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-01 NO NO884857A patent/NO172364C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-02 CA CA000581977A patent/CA1329489C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO884857D0 (en) | 1988-11-01 |
| NO884857L (en) | 1989-05-05 |
| EP0315590A3 (en) | 1991-05-22 |
| EP0315590B1 (en) | 1994-01-26 |
| DE3737254A1 (en) | 1989-05-18 |
| ATE100929T1 (en) | 1994-02-15 |
| NO172364C (en) | 1993-07-14 |
| NO172364B (en) | 1993-03-29 |
| EP0315590A2 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| DE3887452D1 (en) | 1994-03-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |