CA1329009C - Process for producing an assembled shaft - Google Patents
Process for producing an assembled shaftInfo
- Publication number
- CA1329009C CA1329009C CA000590253A CA590253A CA1329009C CA 1329009 C CA1329009 C CA 1329009C CA 000590253 A CA000590253 A CA 000590253A CA 590253 A CA590253 A CA 590253A CA 1329009 C CA1329009 C CA 1329009C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tubular member
- driving
- bearings
- shaft
- coupling elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P13/00—Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H53/00—Cams ; Non-rotary cams; or cam-followers, e.g. rollers for gearing mechanisms
- F16H53/02—Single-track cams for single-revolution cycles; Camshafts with such cams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A process for producing an assembled shaft, especially a camshaft or a driveshaft, consisting of a tubular member with driving or coupling elements attached to it, in which roller bearings with undivided outer bearing races are slid onto the tubular member and finished - assembled prior to the hydraulic expansion of the tubular member for the purpose of fixing the driving and coupling element.
This invention also relates to a shaft produced by this process. This process produces a lightweight shaft, especially a camshaft, with a low friction loss.
This invention also relates to a shaft produced by this process. This process produces a lightweight shaft, especially a camshaft, with a low friction loss.
Description
1 32qO09 The invention relates to an assembled shaft, especially a camshaft or driveshaft, comprising a tubular member with driving or coupling elements attached to it, as well as a process for producing such an assembled shaft. Camshafts and driveshafts are only given by way of example. Other applications are also possible.
Camshafts produced in accordance with the above mentioned process have already been described (P 36 33 435.9). Like conventional single-part shafts, camshafts of this type ; 10 are guided in friction bearings whose size is determined by the diameter of the shaft memher whose cross section is in turn determined by existing strength requirements. It goes without saying that with the same boundary conditions, i.e. especially with a pre-determined torque load~ the outer diameters of shafts with a hollow tube member are usually larger than those of solid shafts. The strength of the tube itself and more especially the seat ; surfacs required for a friction-locking fit of the driving or coupling elements on the tubular member determine the diameter. A further aspect in determining the size of the tubular member is the required inner diameter which must ;~ remain free for inserting a probe to connect the tubular ~ member and the driving elements, for example by `; introducing hydraulic fluid through the probe to internally expand the tubular member.
A disadYantage of the above-mentioned shafts is that, because of the size of their bearings, they have an undesirably hlgh friction loss. Furthermore, the problem of bearing lubrication is not solved satisfactorily: to supply the lubricating oil, special measures have to be taken inside the shaft; and these increase production costs.
It is, therefore, the object of the present invention to provide an improved type of assembled shaft and a process ,,' ' , ' ' ; .
,:
Camshafts produced in accordance with the above mentioned process have already been described (P 36 33 435.9). Like conventional single-part shafts, camshafts of this type ; 10 are guided in friction bearings whose size is determined by the diameter of the shaft memher whose cross section is in turn determined by existing strength requirements. It goes without saying that with the same boundary conditions, i.e. especially with a pre-determined torque load~ the outer diameters of shafts with a hollow tube member are usually larger than those of solid shafts. The strength of the tube itself and more especially the seat ; surfacs required for a friction-locking fit of the driving or coupling elements on the tubular member determine the diameter. A further aspect in determining the size of the tubular member is the required inner diameter which must ;~ remain free for inserting a probe to connect the tubular ~ member and the driving elements, for example by `; introducing hydraulic fluid through the probe to internally expand the tubular member.
A disadYantage of the above-mentioned shafts is that, because of the size of their bearings, they have an undesirably hlgh friction loss. Furthermore, the problem of bearing lubrication is not solved satisfactorily: to supply the lubricating oil, special measures have to be taken inside the shaft; and these increase production costs.
It is, therefore, the object of the present invention to provide an improved type of assembled shaft and a process ,,' ' , ' ' ; .
,:
- 2 - l 32 9 0 0 9 for producing assembled shafts which permits the cost-effective production of shafts which have a reduced friction loss yet do not have the said disadvantages regarding lubrication. This objective is achieved by sliding onto the 'ubular member of the shaft roller bearings in alternating sequence with driving or coupling elements. The roller bearings with bearing races, of which at least the outer race is undivided, are finish-assembled on the bearing regions of the shaft. The driving or coupling elements are slid loosely onto the ;~ shaft and are placed on the shaft exclusively outside the ; axial regions taken up by the roller bearings.
Subsequently, the driving or coupling elements are fixed to the shaft by internal hydraulic expansion of portions of the tubular member of the shaft. The type of shaft produced in accordance with this invention makes it possible to produce camshafts supported in roller bearings and the like with reduced fxiction losses and without lubrication problems. Costs, which are largely determined by the simple production method of using roller bearings with undivided outer races, are thus kept at an acceptable level.
`:
` In a further aspect, the invention provides a process for":
producing an assembled shaft, especially a camshaft or driveshaft, comprised of a tubular member with driving or coupling elements attached to it, consisting of a) sliding onto the tubular member roller bearings with bearing races, of which at least the outer race is undivided;
b) loosely sliding driving or coupling elements onto the tubular member, in -~ alternating sequence with the bearings, so .
that the bearings are placed between the driving or coupling elements;
c~ finish-assembling the roller bearings on ~ the bearing region of the shaft:
, . .
,' 1 32900q d) positioning the driving or coupling elements on the tubular member of the shaft exclusively outside the axial regions taken up by the roller bearings;
and e) fixing the driving or coupling elements to the sha~t by interior hydraulic expansion of portions of the tubular member of the shaft.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the tubular me-mber itself serves as the inner bearing race. Prior to sliding on the dxiving elements and the bearings in an alternating sequence, the bearing race regions of the tubular member may be machined, hardened and polished.
The use of a smooth tubular member in these process steps saves considerable ¢osts. Since bearings of small radial size (for example needle bearings) may be used, conventional friction bearings may quite easily be replaced in the case of shafts produced in accordance with ~` 20 the invention. In this invention the region of the inner bearing race is not subjected to pressure for joining purposes. This is particularly important in this case where finish - machining takes place prior to assembly.
The tubular member does not, o~ course, have to be in one part. Instead it may be in an assembled design consisting of individual tubular pieces and sleeves, corresponding to ~; the state of the art achieved to date.
~ ~ .
A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, in which Figure 1 shows a longitudinal cross section through a camshaft~
Figure 1 shows an inner tubular member 1 with individual thickened wall portions 2, 3 onto which stepped sleeves 4, .
_ 4 _ l 32 9 0 0 9 5 are slid which, with collar regions 6, 7 with reduced diameters, engage underneath two driving elements 8, 9 in - the form of cams offset relative to each other by 90. An outer tubular member 10 has been slid onto the inner tubular member 1 between the said sleeves and is connected to it in a force-locking way by radially expanding the inner tubular member 1 in the regions pre-determined by sealing rings as indicat~d. At the outer tubular member ~-0, there has been turned in a bearing track 11 which at the same time serves to secure axially the needle bearings 12, 13 arranged in two rows. The member 10 thus forms an ~ inner bearing race separate from and attached to the ,~ tubular member 1. The bearings 12, 13 are held by the , outer bearing race 14 whose inner diameter is smaller than the diameter of the driving elements 8, 9 in their largest siæe. Underneath the raised cam portions the driving elements 8, 9 comprise apertures 15, 16 for weight saving ' purposes.
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Subsequently, the driving or coupling elements are fixed to the shaft by internal hydraulic expansion of portions of the tubular member of the shaft. The type of shaft produced in accordance with this invention makes it possible to produce camshafts supported in roller bearings and the like with reduced fxiction losses and without lubrication problems. Costs, which are largely determined by the simple production method of using roller bearings with undivided outer races, are thus kept at an acceptable level.
`:
` In a further aspect, the invention provides a process for":
producing an assembled shaft, especially a camshaft or driveshaft, comprised of a tubular member with driving or coupling elements attached to it, consisting of a) sliding onto the tubular member roller bearings with bearing races, of which at least the outer race is undivided;
b) loosely sliding driving or coupling elements onto the tubular member, in -~ alternating sequence with the bearings, so .
that the bearings are placed between the driving or coupling elements;
c~ finish-assembling the roller bearings on ~ the bearing region of the shaft:
, . .
,' 1 32900q d) positioning the driving or coupling elements on the tubular member of the shaft exclusively outside the axial regions taken up by the roller bearings;
and e) fixing the driving or coupling elements to the sha~t by interior hydraulic expansion of portions of the tubular member of the shaft.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the tubular me-mber itself serves as the inner bearing race. Prior to sliding on the dxiving elements and the bearings in an alternating sequence, the bearing race regions of the tubular member may be machined, hardened and polished.
The use of a smooth tubular member in these process steps saves considerable ¢osts. Since bearings of small radial size (for example needle bearings) may be used, conventional friction bearings may quite easily be replaced in the case of shafts produced in accordance with ~` 20 the invention. In this invention the region of the inner bearing race is not subjected to pressure for joining purposes. This is particularly important in this case where finish - machining takes place prior to assembly.
The tubular member does not, o~ course, have to be in one part. Instead it may be in an assembled design consisting of individual tubular pieces and sleeves, corresponding to ~; the state of the art achieved to date.
~ ~ .
A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, in which Figure 1 shows a longitudinal cross section through a camshaft~
Figure 1 shows an inner tubular member 1 with individual thickened wall portions 2, 3 onto which stepped sleeves 4, .
_ 4 _ l 32 9 0 0 9 5 are slid which, with collar regions 6, 7 with reduced diameters, engage underneath two driving elements 8, 9 in - the form of cams offset relative to each other by 90. An outer tubular member 10 has been slid onto the inner tubular member 1 between the said sleeves and is connected to it in a force-locking way by radially expanding the inner tubular member 1 in the regions pre-determined by sealing rings as indicat~d. At the outer tubular member ~-0, there has been turned in a bearing track 11 which at the same time serves to secure axially the needle bearings 12, 13 arranged in two rows. The member 10 thus forms an ~ inner bearing race separate from and attached to the ,~ tubular member 1. The bearings 12, 13 are held by the , outer bearing race 14 whose inner diameter is smaller than the diameter of the driving elements 8, 9 in their largest siæe. Underneath the raised cam portions the driving elements 8, 9 comprise apertures 15, 16 for weight saving ' purposes.
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.
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. ~ .
~ .
r'~ .
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~':
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,. .
.,
Claims (10)
1. An assembled shaft, especially a camshaft or a driveshaft, having a tubular member and a) driving or coupling elements attached to it, by hydraulic expansion of portions of the interior of the tubular member; and b) in the bearing regions finish-assembled roller bearings with bearing races, of which at least the outer race is undivided, positioned axially on the tubular member between the driving and coupling elements.
2. An assembled shaft according to claim 1 in which the inner bearing race is provided directly on the tubular member.
3. An assembled shaft according to claim 2 in which that the inner bearing race is formed by a turned-in portion of the tubular member.
4. An assembled shaft according to claim 1 in which a separate inner bearing race is attached to the tubular member by a press fit.
5. An assembled shaft according to claim 1 in which the roller bearings are provided in several rows.
6. An assembled shaft according to claim 1 in which the bearings comprise needle bearings.
7. An assembled shaft according to claim 1 in which that the bearings comprise ball bearings.
8. A process for producing an assembled shaft, especially a camshaft or driveshaft, comprised of a tubular member with driving or coupling elements attached to it, consisting of a) sliding onto the tubular member roller bearings with bearing races, of which at least the outer race is undivided;
b) loosely sliding driving or coupling elements onto the tubular member, in alternating sequence with the bearings, so that the bearings are placed between the driving or coupling elements;
c) finish-assembling the roller bearings on the bearing region of the shaft;
d) positioning the driving or coupling elements on the tubular member of the shaft exclusively outside the axial regions taken up by the roller bearings;
and e) fixing the driving or coupling elements to the shaft by interior hydraulic expansion of portions of the tubular member of the shaft.
b) loosely sliding driving or coupling elements onto the tubular member, in alternating sequence with the bearings, so that the bearings are placed between the driving or coupling elements;
c) finish-assembling the roller bearings on the bearing region of the shaft;
d) positioning the driving or coupling elements on the tubular member of the shaft exclusively outside the axial regions taken up by the roller bearings;
and e) fixing the driving or coupling elements to the shaft by interior hydraulic expansion of portions of the tubular member of the shaft.
9. A process according to claim 8 in which, progressing axially, always one roller bearing is finish - assembled before the adjoining driving or coupling element is loosely slid onto the tubular member.
10. A process according to claim 8 or 9 in which, in the regions intended for the roller bearings, portions of the tubular member are machined, heat treated, or surface treated.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3803682A DE3803682A1 (en) | 1988-02-07 | 1988-02-07 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BUILT SHAFT |
| DEP3803682.7-14 | 1988-02-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1329009C true CA1329009C (en) | 1994-05-03 |
Family
ID=6346846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000590253A Expired - Fee Related CA1329009C (en) | 1988-02-07 | 1989-02-06 | Process for producing an assembled shaft |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0328010B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2622743B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920001579B1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8900405A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1329009C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3803682A1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN171654B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX170477B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3803683A1 (en) * | 1988-02-07 | 1989-08-17 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | BUILT SHAFT, IN PARTICULAR CAMSHAFT, CRANKSHAFT OR GEAR SHAFT |
| DE4332868A1 (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-03-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Camshaft with angularly adjustable control cams, especially for inlet and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine |
| DE19802484C2 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 2000-06-08 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Method and device for producing assembled camshafts |
| DE102004011815A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-29 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Camshaft and method for producing a camshaft |
| DE102007010148A1 (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-04 | Audi Ag | Valve gear for internal combustion engine, includes bearing which can be slid along cam shaft with cam carriers, relative to engine casing |
| FR2913720B1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2012-07-13 | Timken Co | CAMSHAFT |
| DE102007024092A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Mahle International Gmbh | camshaft |
| DE102009049219A1 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-28 | Mahle International Gmbh | Internal combustion engine, has camshaft forming inner ring of rolling bearing and including annular groove and/or bead formed complement to body of bearing, where rolling body is formed in round and/or cylindrical shape matched with groove |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2232438C3 (en) * | 1972-07-01 | 1978-07-20 | Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln | Multi-part camshaft for periodically controlled engines and machines |
| JPS556011B2 (en) * | 1974-06-07 | 1980-02-13 | ||
| DE3227693C2 (en) * | 1982-07-24 | 1985-06-13 | Mahle Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Method for manufacturing a camshaft for internal combustion engines |
| DE3530600A1 (en) * | 1985-08-27 | 1987-03-05 | Interatom | METHOD FOR FIXING DRIVE ELEMENTS ON A HOLLOW SHAFT |
| DE3633435A1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-04-14 | Uni Cardan Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BUILT-IN CAMSHAFT, AND BUILT-IN CAMSHAFT FROM A SHAFT TUBE AND SLIDE-ON ELEMENTS |
-
1988
- 1988-02-07 DE DE3803682A patent/DE3803682A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1989
- 1989-01-24 IN IN77/CAL/89A patent/IN171654B/en unknown
- 1989-01-31 BR BR898900405A patent/BR8900405A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-04 EP EP89101973A patent/EP0328010B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-04 DE DE8989101973T patent/DE58901645D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-04 KR KR1019890001327A patent/KR920001579B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-06 CA CA000590253A patent/CA1329009C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-06 JP JP1025935A patent/JP2622743B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-06 MX MX014790A patent/MX170477B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR920001579B1 (en) | 1992-02-20 |
| IN171654B (en) | 1992-12-05 |
| EP0328010B1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| KR890012743A (en) | 1989-09-19 |
| MX170477B (en) | 1993-08-25 |
| JP2622743B2 (en) | 1997-06-18 |
| BR8900405A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
| DE58901645D1 (en) | 1992-07-23 |
| DE3803682A1 (en) | 1989-08-17 |
| EP0328010A1 (en) | 1989-08-16 |
| JPH01228617A (en) | 1989-09-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |