CA1136683A - Connecting-rod bearing - Google Patents
Connecting-rod bearingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1136683A CA1136683A CA000347207A CA347207A CA1136683A CA 1136683 A CA1136683 A CA 1136683A CA 000347207 A CA000347207 A CA 000347207A CA 347207 A CA347207 A CA 347207A CA 1136683 A CA1136683 A CA 1136683A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bush
- connecting rod
- rod end
- bearing
- hardened
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
- F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/003—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/44—Needle bearings
- F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/588—Races of sheet metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
- F16C9/04—Connecting-rod bearings; Attachments thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A connecting rod bearing is disclosed for the crankshaft journals or piston pins of combustion engines. The bearing consists of a bush held in the connecting rod end and the invention is characterized in that the bush is in one piece and has side flanges which run radially outwards and accommodate the rod end between them.
A connecting rod bearing is disclosed for the crankshaft journals or piston pins of combustion engines. The bearing consists of a bush held in the connecting rod end and the invention is characterized in that the bush is in one piece and has side flanges which run radially outwards and accommodate the rod end between them.
Description
~.~ 36683 This invention relates to a connecting rod bearing for the crankshaft journals and piston pins of combustion engines, said bearing comprising a bush in the end of the connecting rod, and to a method for producing the said bearing.
Connecting rod bearings in the form of bearing shells are known ~German Patent 971,746) which are divided radially or axially to facilitate assembly, and which have side flanges. Bearing designs of this kind are particularly unsuitable for roller bearing connecting rods, since, in rolling over the joints in the bearing surface, the rollers produce shocks which cause vibration. In the case of axially divided bearing shells having side flanges, on the other hand, it is impossible to provide positive means to prevent axial displacement, and additional arrangements are needed to that end.
Also known for connecting rod bearings, for example piston pin bearings, are cylindrical bushes (German Patent 960,514), but these must also be additional-ly secured against axial displacement. Moreover, this design lacks thrust and guide surfaces at the two end faces.
Also known for connecting rods are roller bearings in which the ends of a thin walled ring are shaped inwardly. Although this provides axial thrust surfaces, it may impede very considerably the supply of lubricant to the roller bearing. Furthermore, this design cannot be relied upon to prevent axial displacement.
Also known are hardened connecting rods, made of steel for example, for the purpose of obtaining hardened bearing surfaces for needle bearings. The process of hardening connecting rods of this kind requires additional labour and thus increases production costs. Furthermore, a steel connecting rod is relatively heavy as compared with a light alloy rod, although the latter requires additional components for the thrust and guide surfaces.
It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a connecting rod bearing which requires little labour to produce and may easily be secured to the t':
- 1 - 3~ `
big or little end of the rod against rotation and displacement. It is also a purpose of the invention to provide a connecting rod which is relatively easy and inexpensive to produce.
To this end, according to the invention, there is provided a connecting rod bearing for crankshaft journals or piston pins of combustion engines, comprising a bush composed of steel and held in a connecting rod end, the ends of said bush being formed into flanges, characterized in that the bush is composed of hardenable steel, that a cylindrical centre part of the bush is hardened to provide a hardened cylindrical inner bearing surface for rollers and that at least one of the flanges is not hardened. A bush of this design, arranged in the connecting rod end, is secured in a structurally simple manner against axial displacement by the fact that it is in one piece and by the two flanges bearing against the side faces of the connecting rod end.
The flanges also form axial thrust and guide surfaces for a piston or, if the bush is arranged in the connecting rod big end, for a corresponding component.
Also according to the invention there is provided a method for producing the bearing comprising hardening the cylindrical center part of the bush, pressing the bush into the connecting rod end and thereafter forming said at least one of said flanges that is not hardened into a flange bearing against a side face of the connecting rod end.
One of the flanges may be formed before the bush is pressed into the connecting rod end, or both may be formed after it is pressed in.
The connecting rod bearing according to the invention provides reliable and inexpensive bearings in connecting rods made of unhardened materials, for example light alloys. Light alloy connecting rods, in particular, reduce weight, vibration and cost, and this is greatly facilitated by the bush according to the invention.
~136683 An embodiment of the invention is described hereinafter in greater detail in conjunction with the drawing attached hereto, showing the end of a connecting rod, in cross section, with a bearing for a piston pin or crankshaft journal.
Connecting rod 1 comprises a shank 2 having two ends, one of which, end 3, is shown.
Connecting rod end 3 comprises a bearing for a piston pin and/or crankshaft journal running, for example, in a needlecage 4. The bearing in end 3 is in the form of a one piece cylindrical bush 5 having side flanges 6 and 7. Bush 5 forms an outer ring having a bearing surface 8 for needles 14 in cage 4. The design of the connecting rod bearing is not restricted to piston pins running in needlecages; other types of bearing are also possible. A
similar bush may also be used in the other end of the connecting rod.
The one piece outer ring is made out of a drawn, cylindrical, hardenable sheet metal bush 5. Flanges 6,7 at each end of the bush extend radially outwards, thus accommodating end 3 positively between them.
This design of bush 5, and the attachment thereof to end 3, makes it possible to secure the said bush against axial displacement. In order to prevent it from rotating in end 3J the said bush is provided with a chamfer 10. A
deformed area 11 at the edge of flange 6 or 7 projects into this chamfer.
For the purpose of producing the connecting rod bearing described above, cylindrical bush 5 is provided with a flange 6 which is formed either during production of the bush or in a subsequent separate operation.
Bush 5 is then heat treated for the purpvse of hardening central cylindrical area 13 which forms the bearing surface 8 upon which bearing needles 14 will eventually run. At least one end of bush 5, end 12 which is still not flanged, is excluded from this hardening process and thus remains soft. Such partial hardening may be achieved, for example, by inductive or case hardening 1~36683 with a cover.
In a subsequent operation, this partially hardened bush 5 is pressed into the bore of end 3 until flange 6 bears against a side face 9 or 9a of end 3. Freely projecting end 12 is then processed to form a flange 7. It is, of course, also possible to form flange 7 first and then to form flange 6. This operation ensures that bush 5 cannot be displaced in the bore of end 3. By reason of their arrangement in relation to side faces 9, 9a of end 3, flanges 6, 7 form axial thrust and guide surfaces.
According to another configuration of the invention, bush 5 may be secured against rotation in end 3 by pressing a portion of the edge of the flange into a chamfer 10 in side face 9.
According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connect-ing rod is made of a light alloy and the bush of hardenable steel sheet. It would, however, also be conceivable to make the connecting rod out of some other, non-hardenable, material.
Connecting rod bearings in the form of bearing shells are known ~German Patent 971,746) which are divided radially or axially to facilitate assembly, and which have side flanges. Bearing designs of this kind are particularly unsuitable for roller bearing connecting rods, since, in rolling over the joints in the bearing surface, the rollers produce shocks which cause vibration. In the case of axially divided bearing shells having side flanges, on the other hand, it is impossible to provide positive means to prevent axial displacement, and additional arrangements are needed to that end.
Also known for connecting rod bearings, for example piston pin bearings, are cylindrical bushes (German Patent 960,514), but these must also be additional-ly secured against axial displacement. Moreover, this design lacks thrust and guide surfaces at the two end faces.
Also known for connecting rods are roller bearings in which the ends of a thin walled ring are shaped inwardly. Although this provides axial thrust surfaces, it may impede very considerably the supply of lubricant to the roller bearing. Furthermore, this design cannot be relied upon to prevent axial displacement.
Also known are hardened connecting rods, made of steel for example, for the purpose of obtaining hardened bearing surfaces for needle bearings. The process of hardening connecting rods of this kind requires additional labour and thus increases production costs. Furthermore, a steel connecting rod is relatively heavy as compared with a light alloy rod, although the latter requires additional components for the thrust and guide surfaces.
It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a connecting rod bearing which requires little labour to produce and may easily be secured to the t':
- 1 - 3~ `
big or little end of the rod against rotation and displacement. It is also a purpose of the invention to provide a connecting rod which is relatively easy and inexpensive to produce.
To this end, according to the invention, there is provided a connecting rod bearing for crankshaft journals or piston pins of combustion engines, comprising a bush composed of steel and held in a connecting rod end, the ends of said bush being formed into flanges, characterized in that the bush is composed of hardenable steel, that a cylindrical centre part of the bush is hardened to provide a hardened cylindrical inner bearing surface for rollers and that at least one of the flanges is not hardened. A bush of this design, arranged in the connecting rod end, is secured in a structurally simple manner against axial displacement by the fact that it is in one piece and by the two flanges bearing against the side faces of the connecting rod end.
The flanges also form axial thrust and guide surfaces for a piston or, if the bush is arranged in the connecting rod big end, for a corresponding component.
Also according to the invention there is provided a method for producing the bearing comprising hardening the cylindrical center part of the bush, pressing the bush into the connecting rod end and thereafter forming said at least one of said flanges that is not hardened into a flange bearing against a side face of the connecting rod end.
One of the flanges may be formed before the bush is pressed into the connecting rod end, or both may be formed after it is pressed in.
The connecting rod bearing according to the invention provides reliable and inexpensive bearings in connecting rods made of unhardened materials, for example light alloys. Light alloy connecting rods, in particular, reduce weight, vibration and cost, and this is greatly facilitated by the bush according to the invention.
~136683 An embodiment of the invention is described hereinafter in greater detail in conjunction with the drawing attached hereto, showing the end of a connecting rod, in cross section, with a bearing for a piston pin or crankshaft journal.
Connecting rod 1 comprises a shank 2 having two ends, one of which, end 3, is shown.
Connecting rod end 3 comprises a bearing for a piston pin and/or crankshaft journal running, for example, in a needlecage 4. The bearing in end 3 is in the form of a one piece cylindrical bush 5 having side flanges 6 and 7. Bush 5 forms an outer ring having a bearing surface 8 for needles 14 in cage 4. The design of the connecting rod bearing is not restricted to piston pins running in needlecages; other types of bearing are also possible. A
similar bush may also be used in the other end of the connecting rod.
The one piece outer ring is made out of a drawn, cylindrical, hardenable sheet metal bush 5. Flanges 6,7 at each end of the bush extend radially outwards, thus accommodating end 3 positively between them.
This design of bush 5, and the attachment thereof to end 3, makes it possible to secure the said bush against axial displacement. In order to prevent it from rotating in end 3J the said bush is provided with a chamfer 10. A
deformed area 11 at the edge of flange 6 or 7 projects into this chamfer.
For the purpose of producing the connecting rod bearing described above, cylindrical bush 5 is provided with a flange 6 which is formed either during production of the bush or in a subsequent separate operation.
Bush 5 is then heat treated for the purpvse of hardening central cylindrical area 13 which forms the bearing surface 8 upon which bearing needles 14 will eventually run. At least one end of bush 5, end 12 which is still not flanged, is excluded from this hardening process and thus remains soft. Such partial hardening may be achieved, for example, by inductive or case hardening 1~36683 with a cover.
In a subsequent operation, this partially hardened bush 5 is pressed into the bore of end 3 until flange 6 bears against a side face 9 or 9a of end 3. Freely projecting end 12 is then processed to form a flange 7. It is, of course, also possible to form flange 7 first and then to form flange 6. This operation ensures that bush 5 cannot be displaced in the bore of end 3. By reason of their arrangement in relation to side faces 9, 9a of end 3, flanges 6, 7 form axial thrust and guide surfaces.
According to another configuration of the invention, bush 5 may be secured against rotation in end 3 by pressing a portion of the edge of the flange into a chamfer 10 in side face 9.
According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connect-ing rod is made of a light alloy and the bush of hardenable steel sheet. It would, however, also be conceivable to make the connecting rod out of some other, non-hardenable, material.
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A connecting rod bearing for crankshaft journals or piston pins of combustion engines, comprising a bush composed of steel and held in a connecting rod end, the ends of said bush being formed into flanges, characterized in that the bush is composed of hardenable steel, that a cylindrical centre part of the bush is hardened to provide a hardened cylindrical inner bearing surface for rollers and that at least one of the flanges is not hardened.
2. A connecting rod bearing according to claim 1, including a positive connection between the bush and the connecting rod end in the form of a chamfer on a side face of the connecting rod end and a deformed area of the edge of the flange projects.
3. A method for producing a connecting rod bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a flange is formed at one end of the bush, a central cylindrical part of the bush is hardened by subsequent heat treatment, and the bush is then pressed into the connecting rod end until the flange bears against a side face of the connecting rod end, whereupon a projecting free end of the bush is formed into another flange bearing against an opposite side face of the connecting rod end.
4. A method for producing a connecting rod bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylindrical centre part of the bush is hardened, that the bush is then pressed into the connecting rod end, and that the project-ing free ends of the bush are formed into flanges bearing against the side faces of the connecting rod end.
5. A method for producing a connecting rod bearing according to claim 1, comprising hardening the cylindrical centre part of the bush, pressing the bush into the connecting rod end and thereafter forming said at least one of said flanges that is not hardened into a flange bearing against a side face of the connecting rod end.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792908782 DE2908782A1 (en) | 1979-03-07 | 1979-03-07 | Bush for connecting rod big end bearing - is retained by structure into which flange deformed section extends |
| DEP2908782.9 | 1979-03-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1136683A true CA1136683A (en) | 1982-11-30 |
Family
ID=6064655
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000347207A Expired CA1136683A (en) | 1979-03-07 | 1980-03-07 | Connecting-rod bearing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55126115A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1136683A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2908782A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4494286A (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1985-01-22 | Tecumseh Products Company | Connecting rod arrangement |
| JP2560173Y2 (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1998-01-21 | 光洋精工株式会社 | Needle roller bearing device for connecting rod |
| US5375323A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1994-12-27 | Nsk Ltd. | Method for securing shaft of cam follower device for valve action mechanism |
| DE4315392C2 (en) * | 1993-05-08 | 2003-06-18 | Mahle Gmbh | Method of manufacturing a connecting rod |
| DE10037999A1 (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-02-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Procedure for location of bearing bush in forged steel connecting rod entails forming opening in connecting rod, which is forge heated to 900 degrees C, by using piercing punch acting in single pass over width of bearing |
| FR2896286A1 (en) | 2006-01-16 | 2007-07-20 | Olivier Gluck | Bearing for crankshaft connecting rod or housing has outer ring in two sections with radial joining zones and polygonal outer surface |
| JP2008232278A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-02 | Jtekt Corp | Roller bearing |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5120353U (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-02-14 |
-
1979
- 1979-03-07 DE DE19792908782 patent/DE2908782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-03-07 CA CA000347207A patent/CA1136683A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-07 JP JP2816580A patent/JPS55126115A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS55126115A (en) | 1980-09-29 |
| DE2908782A1 (en) | 1980-09-18 |
| JPS6327572B2 (en) | 1988-06-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |