CA1322747C - Maintenance-free sliding bearing - Google Patents
Maintenance-free sliding bearingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1322747C CA1322747C CA000597746A CA597746A CA1322747C CA 1322747 C CA1322747 C CA 1322747C CA 000597746 A CA000597746 A CA 000597746A CA 597746 A CA597746 A CA 597746A CA 1322747 C CA1322747 C CA 1322747C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sliding bearing
- bearing according
- sliding
- copolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
- F16C33/206—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with three layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
- F16C2208/30—Fluoropolymers
- F16C2208/32—Polytetrafluorethylene [PTFE]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
- F16C2208/40—Imides, e.g. polyimide [PI], polyetherimide [PEI]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
21.04.1989 FI/Br 7138A112 Abstract The invention relates to a maintenance-free sliding bearing, consisting of a metal base and a layer, applied directly on it, of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:
CF2 = CF - O - Rf, where Rf denotes a perfluoroethyl radical, perfluoro-n-propyl radical or perfluoro-n-butyl radical, and tetra-fluoroethylene, which forms either the sliding layer or an intermediate layer on which a sliding layer of plastic is applied.
Figure
CF2 = CF - O - Rf, where Rf denotes a perfluoroethyl radical, perfluoro-n-propyl radical or perfluoro-n-butyl radical, and tetra-fluoroethylene, which forms either the sliding layer or an intermediate layer on which a sliding layer of plastic is applied.
Figure
Description
~3~7~';' :MAINTENANCE ~FREE SLIDING BEARING
The subject ~f the present invention is a novel multi-layer maintenance-free sliding bearing.
Main~enance-free sliding bearings, which consist of a metal base o~ a layer of plastic, are known for example from German Offanlegungsschrift 3,534,242 publi~hed March 26, 1987 and European Patent Application 0,217,462 published April 4, 1987. Such multi-layer sliding bearings con ist of a combination of a metal base of steel, bronze or a high-strength alumi~ium alloy, provided with a rough primary layer, and of a sliding layer O:e a matrix of polyte~rafluoroethylene. The rough primary layer consists of a porously sintered-on bronze layer, iron layer or layer of an aluminium alloy. This layer then forms the anchorage material for the polytetrafluoroethylene layer, or a layer which consists of its copolymers, to be applied in the form o~ a paste.
The high-viscosity paste is rolled firm and sintered.
What is disadvantageolls about the said sliding bearing is that the layer of plastic produced from paste is too thin for many applications. There~ore, the service life of the bearings produ~-ed from it is not ad~quate. Furthermore, the une,vennesses oc~urring during the forming of the multi-layer material cannot be finish-turned.
Whene~er bronze particles are incorporated in the pa~te in order to improve the thermal conductivity of the plastic, important for the bearing, there is the risk that the outer layer oxidises during production. Such a bearing material is also not inert. In particular, there is the risk of des$ruction by acids. Furthermore, a segregation may occur during application o~ the paste.
A ~ilm coating by means o~ conventional polytetrafluoroethylene i5 known rom Fertigungstechnik und ~etrieb 23 (1973), issue 1, pages 48-49. Sin~e this material is completely inert with respect to all adhesives, the film is firstly made adhesive. That is to ~2~3~ `'i' say the polytetrafluoroethylene films cannot be applied to a base in such a way that they are held there by physical forces of adhesion alone. Rather, it is necessary to fasten the films by means of an adhesive.
In this case, the temperature endurance consequently no longer depends only on the type of film but also on the adhesiva used.
German Offenlegungsschrift 2,401,804 published in 1975 relates to a composite bearing element, the running layer of whîch consists substantially of an unfilled plastic. Polyarylene-sulfides, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyester resins, phenoxy resins, polyimide resins, polyamida-imide resins, polypropylene resins and polysulfone resins are used for this. These films of plastic are also not fastened directly to the metal surface but with the aid of suitable adhesives. In addition, it is recommended to apply a thin film of lubricating oil to the plastics.
A coating consistinq of tetra*luoroethylene filled with molybdenum disulfide has also been proposed.
In Adhesives Age, February 1967, pages 30-34, polytetrafluoroethylene-coated metals are likewise mentioned. However, the polytetrafluoroethylene is chemically treated, so that a bond with the metal base is established by epoxy groups. A direct application is only considered possible ~or FEP. It is expressly ~tressed that this metal is thermoplastic and, unlike tetrafluoroethylen~, can be applied directly to metal without additional bonding layer.
Finally, it is pointed out that granular, free-~lowing powders consisting of modified tetrafluoro-ethylene polymers are known from German Offenlegung~schrift 3,021,369. These powders are used for RAM extrusion, since they are particularly well suited ~or automatic ~ ~ 2 2 7 ~ D
metering on account of their apparent density and their free flowin~ properties. Suitability of this material for the coa~ing of metals or other materials is not mentioned.
The object of th~ invention is to create a maintenance-free sliding bearing which does not have the disadvantages mentioned.
This is achieved by the sliding bearing consist-ing of a me~al base and a layer, applied directly on it, of a copol~mer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:
C~2 = CF - O - R~, where R~ is a perfluoroethyl radical, perfluoro-n-propyl radical or perfluoro-n-butyl radical, and tetrafluoro-ethylene, which forms either the sliding layer or an int~rmediate layer on which a sliding layer of plastic is applied.
The layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene has a thicknes~ which is adequate for a reworking. This may be up to 1.5 mm. The layer is applied directly to the smooth or roughened surface o~ the metal base. The application is per~ormed by the copolymer layer being pressed over its surface area onto the metal ba~e, unti:L the forces of adhesion are adequately strong to hold it fi~m on the metal base.
I~ is thus to be seen as a special feature of the in~en-tion that a layer consi~ting of a copol~mer o perfluoro-alkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene can b~ applied directly to a metal base, This layer may serve either directly as sliding layer or be used as intermediate layer, on which polytetr fluoroethylene, polyLmide or polyether ether ketone (PEER) in particular adhere well.
Tha~ is to say~it is not necessary to make ~he copolymers of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene adhesive or to fasten them by means of an adhesive. In particular, the thermal endurance is therefore no longer dependent on the adhesive used.
SteQl preferably comes into consideration as metal base. Plastics, in particular 13 ?, ?~
~ ~
polytetrafluoroethylene, polyLmide or polyether ether ketone (PEER~ are suitable as material for the sliding layer applied on th~ layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene.
Qne or more fillers may be added to the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalXyl vinyl ether and te~ra fluoroethyl~ne and/or the sliding layer Qf plastic applied to it, to intensify and/or improve the thermal conductivity and/or the wear propertie~. Depending on the objective, carbon, aluminium oxide, ceramic materials, glass, bronze, molybdenum disulfite or silicon carhide (weave~, powders, beads, fibres) are incorporated in particular.
Good thermal conductivity properties which do not entail the xisk of oxida ion during production are achieved by silicon caxbide particles. ~he silicon carbide particles are also acid~resistant and cheap.
They are al~o lighter than metal particles, in particular bronze, so that there is not l;he risk of sPgregation during the preparation of the :Layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene~ On the bearing side, on the other hand, fillers which impxove the wear properties of the bearing should be incorporated. In ~he case of the invention, a filler content of 1 to 40% by volume can be accompli~hed, because the filler need not be xolled in a~ in the case o~ the prior ~rt, but is alrea~y present in the layer o~
a copolymer of perfluoro lkyl vinyl ether and tetra~luoroethyle~e. 5 to 30~ by volume are particularly preferred. The thickness of the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene (up to 1.5 mm) can be set Yary precisely~ which is not possible when rolling on a paste as in the prior art in thicknesses exceeding 50 ~mO
In tests, the sliding bearing has withstood temperatures up to 260DC in continuous operatio~, depend-ing on material used, without a peeling-off o the layer of a copolymex of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetra~
fluoroethylene occurring. The sliding bearing withstood r~
brief higher temperature load without damage.
The structure of the sliding bearing material according to the invention is shown in the Fi~ure. Here, the metal layer is deno~ed by 1, while 2 denotes ~he layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene and 3 denote~ ~he layer of plastic applied on it.
The pre-~ent in~ention i5 explained in more detail by the following tests~
Ex~mple 1 ~ests with tetrafluoroethylene and etched metal base (V~-Metallo~last~
A steel plate wa~ coated.
Origin of the sliding layero ~talloplast~ ~P3 (=
PTFE + weave of stainle~ steel +
gla~s + graphite) Thicknes~ o th~ sliding layer: 0.48 mm Temperaturs of the heated plate: 375 ~ 385C
Pres~ure of the heated plat~ 6 - 10 har Origin o the intermediate layers Ho~taflo~R TFM 4025 Thickne3s of the intermediate layer before coating: 0.25 mm Thickne~s of the inke~mediate layer after coating: about 0.20 mm Re~ult of the qhear force te~t 5 = 106 N/cmZ at room temperature = 70 N/cm2 at 200C
Example 2 Thickna~s of tha specimen before coating: 1.10 mm Thickne~s of the specimen after coating: 1.00 mm 35 Te~perature of the heated plateo 29DC
Pre~ur~ of the heated plate: 6 - 10 bar 7 ~
Intermediate layer used: Hoæta1On(~
ET 6235 (ETFE) Sliding layer as in Example 1 Etched and non-etched VA~Metalloplast was tested with rising temperatures.
Results of the shear force tests:
Temperature etched non-etched MP
Metalloplast ~N/cm2) ~N/cm2)c Room temp. 133 91 Ex~m~le 3 Slidin~ layer: PTFE filled with 35%
carbon Thickness: 0.5 mm Intermediate layers TFM with 30~ SiC
Thickne~: 0.25 mm 20 Temperatura of the heated plate: 330C
Pressure of the heated plate 2 2 bar Result of the shear force test:
No peeling-off of the film, film tears~
Exam~le 4 ~no intermedia~e layer) Sliding layer: TFM + 25% ~ 5% graph-ite ~unetched3 (pres-sed directly cn~o steel) Thickness: 0.25 mm 30 Temperature of the heated plate~ 380C
Pressure of the hsat~d plate: 2 bar Result o th~ ~hear force tes~:
~t room temperature~ = 1500 ~/cm2 At 100C: = 1080 ~/C~2 At 150Co = 22() N/cm2 ~ 3 9 2 7 ~ ~
Exampl0 5 Sliding layer: polyimide (Rapton ~ype M (DuPont~) Thicknf~ss: 0.125 mm Adhesive film: TFM (as in Example 1) Thicknesss 0.25 mm Tempera~ure of the hea~ed plate: 395C
Pressure of th~ he~ted plate: 50 bar Result of the shear force test:
No peeling-off, film tears.
Exam~les 6 - 8 Test conditions:
Sample size: 25 ~ 25 mm Pulling-o:Ef force: 0.100 kg Temperatu:re variation: Increasing 5C per stage 3 min. rising tempera-ture 3 min. ~tabletempera-~ure ExamPle 6 Slidins~ layer: Netalloplast MP2 (- plastic + bronze weave) Intermediate layer- ETFE
Preparation of ~he sample: Metallopla~t MP2 +
ETFE: f ilm were pressed onto a sheet ~ O . 5 ~n chromed ) 310C mould tempera ~ure, 25 sec. holding time and 3 t mouldingpres~ure.
7 ~ ~
Re~ult of the shear test: 5 samples dropped off at 300C
Example 7 Sliding layer: ~etalloplast NP2 Intermediate layer: PFA film Preparation of the sample: MetalloplastMP2 + PFA
film were pressed onto a sheet 10.5 mm chromed) 385C mould tempera-ture, 25 sec. holding time 3 t mouldingpressureO
Result of the shear test: 5 samples dropped off at 380, 385, 386, 387, 390C.
Exam~le_8 Sliding layer: Metalloplast MP2 Intermediate layer: TFM film Prepaxation of the sample: Metalloplast NP2 ~ TFM
film were pressed onto a sheet (0.5 mm chromed) at 2S 3 t mouldingpressure.
Result of the hear test: no sample~ dropped off at 410C.
The following meanings are used in the ~xamples:
PTFE = Polytetrafluoroethylene 0 TFM = modified polytetrafluoroethylene (= copolymer of pe~fluoroal~yl vinyl ether and tetrafluoro-ethylene ~ccording ~o the i~vantion, ~2~
g ETFE = copolymer o ethylene and tetra$1uoroethylene.
Here it is a thermoplastic fluoropolymer PFA = Copolymer of perfluorovinyl ether and ~etra-fluoroethylene. Thi~ product is chemically 5similar to TFM. Howevsr, due to it~ higher e~her content, it is thermopla tic.
The subject ~f the present invention is a novel multi-layer maintenance-free sliding bearing.
Main~enance-free sliding bearings, which consist of a metal base o~ a layer of plastic, are known for example from German Offanlegungsschrift 3,534,242 publi~hed March 26, 1987 and European Patent Application 0,217,462 published April 4, 1987. Such multi-layer sliding bearings con ist of a combination of a metal base of steel, bronze or a high-strength alumi~ium alloy, provided with a rough primary layer, and of a sliding layer O:e a matrix of polyte~rafluoroethylene. The rough primary layer consists of a porously sintered-on bronze layer, iron layer or layer of an aluminium alloy. This layer then forms the anchorage material for the polytetrafluoroethylene layer, or a layer which consists of its copolymers, to be applied in the form o~ a paste.
The high-viscosity paste is rolled firm and sintered.
What is disadvantageolls about the said sliding bearing is that the layer of plastic produced from paste is too thin for many applications. There~ore, the service life of the bearings produ~-ed from it is not ad~quate. Furthermore, the une,vennesses oc~urring during the forming of the multi-layer material cannot be finish-turned.
Whene~er bronze particles are incorporated in the pa~te in order to improve the thermal conductivity of the plastic, important for the bearing, there is the risk that the outer layer oxidises during production. Such a bearing material is also not inert. In particular, there is the risk of des$ruction by acids. Furthermore, a segregation may occur during application o~ the paste.
A ~ilm coating by means o~ conventional polytetrafluoroethylene i5 known rom Fertigungstechnik und ~etrieb 23 (1973), issue 1, pages 48-49. Sin~e this material is completely inert with respect to all adhesives, the film is firstly made adhesive. That is to ~2~3~ `'i' say the polytetrafluoroethylene films cannot be applied to a base in such a way that they are held there by physical forces of adhesion alone. Rather, it is necessary to fasten the films by means of an adhesive.
In this case, the temperature endurance consequently no longer depends only on the type of film but also on the adhesiva used.
German Offenlegungsschrift 2,401,804 published in 1975 relates to a composite bearing element, the running layer of whîch consists substantially of an unfilled plastic. Polyarylene-sulfides, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyester resins, phenoxy resins, polyimide resins, polyamida-imide resins, polypropylene resins and polysulfone resins are used for this. These films of plastic are also not fastened directly to the metal surface but with the aid of suitable adhesives. In addition, it is recommended to apply a thin film of lubricating oil to the plastics.
A coating consistinq of tetra*luoroethylene filled with molybdenum disulfide has also been proposed.
In Adhesives Age, February 1967, pages 30-34, polytetrafluoroethylene-coated metals are likewise mentioned. However, the polytetrafluoroethylene is chemically treated, so that a bond with the metal base is established by epoxy groups. A direct application is only considered possible ~or FEP. It is expressly ~tressed that this metal is thermoplastic and, unlike tetrafluoroethylen~, can be applied directly to metal without additional bonding layer.
Finally, it is pointed out that granular, free-~lowing powders consisting of modified tetrafluoro-ethylene polymers are known from German Offenlegung~schrift 3,021,369. These powders are used for RAM extrusion, since they are particularly well suited ~or automatic ~ ~ 2 2 7 ~ D
metering on account of their apparent density and their free flowin~ properties. Suitability of this material for the coa~ing of metals or other materials is not mentioned.
The object of th~ invention is to create a maintenance-free sliding bearing which does not have the disadvantages mentioned.
This is achieved by the sliding bearing consist-ing of a me~al base and a layer, applied directly on it, of a copol~mer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:
C~2 = CF - O - R~, where R~ is a perfluoroethyl radical, perfluoro-n-propyl radical or perfluoro-n-butyl radical, and tetrafluoro-ethylene, which forms either the sliding layer or an int~rmediate layer on which a sliding layer of plastic is applied.
The layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene has a thicknes~ which is adequate for a reworking. This may be up to 1.5 mm. The layer is applied directly to the smooth or roughened surface o~ the metal base. The application is per~ormed by the copolymer layer being pressed over its surface area onto the metal ba~e, unti:L the forces of adhesion are adequately strong to hold it fi~m on the metal base.
I~ is thus to be seen as a special feature of the in~en-tion that a layer consi~ting of a copol~mer o perfluoro-alkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene can b~ applied directly to a metal base, This layer may serve either directly as sliding layer or be used as intermediate layer, on which polytetr fluoroethylene, polyLmide or polyether ether ketone (PEER) in particular adhere well.
Tha~ is to say~it is not necessary to make ~he copolymers of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene adhesive or to fasten them by means of an adhesive. In particular, the thermal endurance is therefore no longer dependent on the adhesive used.
SteQl preferably comes into consideration as metal base. Plastics, in particular 13 ?, ?~
~ ~
polytetrafluoroethylene, polyLmide or polyether ether ketone (PEER~ are suitable as material for the sliding layer applied on th~ layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene.
Qne or more fillers may be added to the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalXyl vinyl ether and te~ra fluoroethyl~ne and/or the sliding layer Qf plastic applied to it, to intensify and/or improve the thermal conductivity and/or the wear propertie~. Depending on the objective, carbon, aluminium oxide, ceramic materials, glass, bronze, molybdenum disulfite or silicon carhide (weave~, powders, beads, fibres) are incorporated in particular.
Good thermal conductivity properties which do not entail the xisk of oxida ion during production are achieved by silicon caxbide particles. ~he silicon carbide particles are also acid~resistant and cheap.
They are al~o lighter than metal particles, in particular bronze, so that there is not l;he risk of sPgregation during the preparation of the :Layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene~ On the bearing side, on the other hand, fillers which impxove the wear properties of the bearing should be incorporated. In ~he case of the invention, a filler content of 1 to 40% by volume can be accompli~hed, because the filler need not be xolled in a~ in the case o~ the prior ~rt, but is alrea~y present in the layer o~
a copolymer of perfluoro lkyl vinyl ether and tetra~luoroethyle~e. 5 to 30~ by volume are particularly preferred. The thickness of the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene (up to 1.5 mm) can be set Yary precisely~ which is not possible when rolling on a paste as in the prior art in thicknesses exceeding 50 ~mO
In tests, the sliding bearing has withstood temperatures up to 260DC in continuous operatio~, depend-ing on material used, without a peeling-off o the layer of a copolymex of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetra~
fluoroethylene occurring. The sliding bearing withstood r~
brief higher temperature load without damage.
The structure of the sliding bearing material according to the invention is shown in the Fi~ure. Here, the metal layer is deno~ed by 1, while 2 denotes ~he layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene and 3 denote~ ~he layer of plastic applied on it.
The pre-~ent in~ention i5 explained in more detail by the following tests~
Ex~mple 1 ~ests with tetrafluoroethylene and etched metal base (V~-Metallo~last~
A steel plate wa~ coated.
Origin of the sliding layero ~talloplast~ ~P3 (=
PTFE + weave of stainle~ steel +
gla~s + graphite) Thicknes~ o th~ sliding layer: 0.48 mm Temperaturs of the heated plate: 375 ~ 385C
Pres~ure of the heated plat~ 6 - 10 har Origin o the intermediate layers Ho~taflo~R TFM 4025 Thickne3s of the intermediate layer before coating: 0.25 mm Thickne~s of the inke~mediate layer after coating: about 0.20 mm Re~ult of the qhear force te~t 5 = 106 N/cmZ at room temperature = 70 N/cm2 at 200C
Example 2 Thickna~s of tha specimen before coating: 1.10 mm Thickne~s of the specimen after coating: 1.00 mm 35 Te~perature of the heated plateo 29DC
Pre~ur~ of the heated plate: 6 - 10 bar 7 ~
Intermediate layer used: Hoæta1On(~
ET 6235 (ETFE) Sliding layer as in Example 1 Etched and non-etched VA~Metalloplast was tested with rising temperatures.
Results of the shear force tests:
Temperature etched non-etched MP
Metalloplast ~N/cm2) ~N/cm2)c Room temp. 133 91 Ex~m~le 3 Slidin~ layer: PTFE filled with 35%
carbon Thickness: 0.5 mm Intermediate layers TFM with 30~ SiC
Thickne~: 0.25 mm 20 Temperatura of the heated plate: 330C
Pressure of the heated plate 2 2 bar Result of the shear force test:
No peeling-off of the film, film tears~
Exam~le 4 ~no intermedia~e layer) Sliding layer: TFM + 25% ~ 5% graph-ite ~unetched3 (pres-sed directly cn~o steel) Thickness: 0.25 mm 30 Temperature of the heated plate~ 380C
Pressure of the hsat~d plate: 2 bar Result o th~ ~hear force tes~:
~t room temperature~ = 1500 ~/cm2 At 100C: = 1080 ~/C~2 At 150Co = 22() N/cm2 ~ 3 9 2 7 ~ ~
Exampl0 5 Sliding layer: polyimide (Rapton ~ype M (DuPont~) Thicknf~ss: 0.125 mm Adhesive film: TFM (as in Example 1) Thicknesss 0.25 mm Tempera~ure of the hea~ed plate: 395C
Pressure of th~ he~ted plate: 50 bar Result of the shear force test:
No peeling-off, film tears.
Exam~les 6 - 8 Test conditions:
Sample size: 25 ~ 25 mm Pulling-o:Ef force: 0.100 kg Temperatu:re variation: Increasing 5C per stage 3 min. rising tempera-ture 3 min. ~tabletempera-~ure ExamPle 6 Slidins~ layer: Netalloplast MP2 (- plastic + bronze weave) Intermediate layer- ETFE
Preparation of ~he sample: Metallopla~t MP2 +
ETFE: f ilm were pressed onto a sheet ~ O . 5 ~n chromed ) 310C mould tempera ~ure, 25 sec. holding time and 3 t mouldingpres~ure.
7 ~ ~
Re~ult of the shear test: 5 samples dropped off at 300C
Example 7 Sliding layer: ~etalloplast NP2 Intermediate layer: PFA film Preparation of the sample: MetalloplastMP2 + PFA
film were pressed onto a sheet 10.5 mm chromed) 385C mould tempera-ture, 25 sec. holding time 3 t mouldingpressureO
Result of the shear test: 5 samples dropped off at 380, 385, 386, 387, 390C.
Exam~le_8 Sliding layer: Metalloplast MP2 Intermediate layer: TFM film Prepaxation of the sample: Metalloplast NP2 ~ TFM
film were pressed onto a sheet (0.5 mm chromed) at 2S 3 t mouldingpressure.
Result of the hear test: no sample~ dropped off at 410C.
The following meanings are used in the ~xamples:
PTFE = Polytetrafluoroethylene 0 TFM = modified polytetrafluoroethylene (= copolymer of pe~fluoroal~yl vinyl ether and tetrafluoro-ethylene ~ccording ~o the i~vantion, ~2~
g ETFE = copolymer o ethylene and tetra$1uoroethylene.
Here it is a thermoplastic fluoropolymer PFA = Copolymer of perfluorovinyl ether and ~etra-fluoroethylene. Thi~ product is chemically 5similar to TFM. Howevsr, due to it~ higher e~her content, it is thermopla tic.
Claims (14)
1. Maintenance-free sliding bearing, consisting of a metal base and a layer, applied directly on it, of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:
CF2 = CF - O - Rf, where Rf is a perfluoroethyl radical, perfluoro-n-propyl radical or perfluoro-n-butyl radical, and tetrafluoro-ethylene, which forms either the sliding layer or an intermediate layer on which a sliding layer of plastic is applied.
CF2 = CF - O - Rf, where Rf is a perfluoroethyl radical, perfluoro-n-propyl radical or perfluoro-n-butyl radical, and tetrafluoro-ethylene, which forms either the sliding layer or an intermediate layer on which a sliding layer of plastic is applied.
2. Sliding bearing according to Claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the sliding layer is up to 1.5 mm.
3. Sliding bearing according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal base has a smooth surface.
4. Sliding bearing according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal base has a roughened surface.
5. Sliding bearing according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal base consists of steel.
6. Sliding bearing according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding layer applied on the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene is a film of plastic which is perforated and/or air-permeable.
7. Sliding bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding layer applied on the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene consists of polytetrafluoroethylene or polyimide or polyether ether ketone (PEEK).
8. Sliding bearing according to Claim 1, characterized in that one or more filler(s) is (are) added to the sliding layer of plastic applied on the layer of a copolymer of perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether and tetrafluoroethylene to intensify and/or improve the thermal conductivity and/or the wear properties.
9. Sliding bearing according to Claim 8, characterized in that the fillers are weaves, powders or fibres of carbon, aluminium oxide, ceramic materials, glass, bronze, molybdenum disulfite or silicon carbide.
10. Sliding bearing according to one of Claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the filler content is 1 to 40%
by volume.
by volume.
11. Sliding bearing according to Claim 9, characterized in that the filler content is 5 to 30% by volume.
12. Sliding bearing according to Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate layer consisting of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether contains weaves, powders or fibres of carbon, aluminium oxide, ceramic materials, glass, bronze, molybdenum disulfite or silicon carbide as fillers.
13. Process for the production of the maintenance-free sliding bearing according to Claim 1, characterized in that the film is bonded over its surface area to the base under pressure and supply of heat.
14. Process according to Claim 13, characterized in that the surface of the metal base is roughened before the application of the sliding layer.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873736292 DE3736292A1 (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1987-10-27 | MAINTENANCE-FREE SLIDE BEARING |
| CA000597746A CA1322747C (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-25 | Maintenance-free sliding bearing |
| ES89107500T ES2043935T3 (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-26 | SLIDING BEARING THAT DOES NOT NEED MAINTENANCE. |
| EP89905109A EP0468956B1 (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-26 | Maintenance-free friction bearing and a method for it's production |
| PCT/EP1989/000454 WO1990012965A1 (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-26 | Maintenance-free friction bearing |
| EP89107500A EP0394518B1 (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-26 | Maintenance-free sliding bearings and a method for it's production |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873736292 DE3736292A1 (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1987-10-27 | MAINTENANCE-FREE SLIDE BEARING |
| CA000597746A CA1322747C (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-25 | Maintenance-free sliding bearing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1322747C true CA1322747C (en) | 1993-10-05 |
Family
ID=25672646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000597746A Expired - Lifetime CA1322747C (en) | 1987-10-27 | 1989-04-25 | Maintenance-free sliding bearing |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0394518B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1322747C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3736292A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2043935T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990012965A1 (en) |
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| US5000875A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1991-03-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Conductive filled fluoropolymers |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1354161A (en) * | 1963-01-15 | 1964-03-06 | Ore Lube Corp | Bearing bearing surface sheet |
| DE1932343B2 (en) * | 1969-06-26 | 1974-10-31 | Glyco-Metall-Werke Daelen & Loos Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden-Schierstein | Process for the production of self-lubricating sliding bearing elements Elimination in: 1966881 and elimination in: 1966882 |
| DE1961833B2 (en) * | 1969-12-10 | 1976-08-12 | Glyco-Metall-Werke Daelen & Loos Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden-Schierstein | SLIDING BEARING LAYER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IT |
| CA1013798A (en) * | 1973-01-17 | 1977-07-12 | James W. Cairns | Composite bearings |
| DE3021369A1 (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1981-12-24 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Crude tetra:fluoroethylene-per:fluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer - esp. for ram extrusion, has good particle size, flow, bulk density and particle stability |
| JPS59103022A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-06-14 | Daido Metal Kogyo Kk | Bearing material having superior wearing resistance |
| DE3534133A1 (en) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-04-02 | Kolbenschmidt Ag | LOW-MAINTENANCE SLIDING BEARING MATERIAL |
| DE3534242A1 (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1987-03-26 | Kolbenschmidt Ag | MAINTENANCE-FREE MULTI-LAYER SLIDING BEARING MATERIAL |
| DE3601569A1 (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1987-07-23 | Kolbenschmidt Ag | COMPOSITE SLIDING BEARING MATERIAL |
-
1987
- 1987-10-27 DE DE19873736292 patent/DE3736292A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1989
- 1989-04-25 CA CA000597746A patent/CA1322747C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-26 EP EP89107500A patent/EP0394518B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-26 EP EP89905109A patent/EP0468956B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1989-04-26 ES ES89107500T patent/ES2043935T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-26 WO PCT/EP1989/000454 patent/WO1990012965A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| US8844417B2 (en) | 2009-08-08 | 2014-09-30 | Bizerba Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cutting machine for food |
| US9782956B2 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2017-10-10 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Polymer coating on substrates using thermal spray techniques |
| US9981284B2 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2018-05-29 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Method of forming a laminate |
| US10113588B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2018-10-30 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Pampus Gmbh | Slide bearing comprising a primer system as adhesion promoter |
| US10563696B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2020-02-18 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Pampus Gmbh | Slide bearing comprising a primer system as adhesion promoter |
| US9803690B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-10-31 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Pampus Gmbh | Maintenance-free slide bearing with a combined adhesive sliding layer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0468956B1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
| DE3736292A1 (en) | 1989-05-11 |
| ES2043935T3 (en) | 1994-01-01 |
| EP0394518B1 (en) | 1993-07-21 |
| WO1990012965A1 (en) | 1990-11-01 |
| EP0394518A1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| EP0468956A1 (en) | 1992-02-05 |
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