CA1321989C - Method of treating garbage - Google Patents
Method of treating garbageInfo
- Publication number
- CA1321989C CA1321989C CA000598528A CA598528A CA1321989C CA 1321989 C CA1321989 C CA 1321989C CA 000598528 A CA000598528 A CA 000598528A CA 598528 A CA598528 A CA 598528A CA 1321989 C CA1321989 C CA 1321989C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- garbage
- liquid
- baling
- compacting
- bacteria
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006385 ozonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/50—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/32—Compressing or compacting
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The treatment and disposal of garbage is a serious problem in many municipalities. Landfill sites are increasingly difficult to find and often present environmental and social concerns. A relatively simple solution to the problem is to treat garbage from which recyclable material has been removed by extracting liquid therefrom using pressure and heat, destroying bacteria using heat and/or ultraviolet radiation, compacting and baling the garbage, and finally packaging the garbage in an airtight, impervious film of polyethylene or another plastic. The thus packaged garbage can readily be stacked for storage on an impervious surface such as pavement.
The treatment and disposal of garbage is a serious problem in many municipalities. Landfill sites are increasingly difficult to find and often present environmental and social concerns. A relatively simple solution to the problem is to treat garbage from which recyclable material has been removed by extracting liquid therefrom using pressure and heat, destroying bacteria using heat and/or ultraviolet radiation, compacting and baling the garbage, and finally packaging the garbage in an airtight, impervious film of polyethylene or another plastic. The thus packaged garbage can readily be stacked for storage on an impervious surface such as pavement.
Description
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating waste, and in particular conventional garbage.
By conventional garbage is meant ordinary domestic, commercial and industrial waste. The treatment of hazardous waste is beyond the scope of the present invention.
The quantity of garbage produced by mankind, especially in so-called developed countries has increased exponentially over the past few decades. Ours is a larse consumption, throw away society which generates larger and larger quantities of waste. Disposal of such waste has long been a problem and in some areas the problem has reached crisis proportions.
By far the most common (and least expensive) method of disposing of garbage is landfilling, i.e. the placing of garbage in dumps or landfill sites. However, for the most part such sites rapidly become filled and it is necessary to search for other suitable sites. Because of environmental concerns such as ground water pollution, it is increasingly difficult to find a site acceptable to local residents, environmentalists and other interested parties. Some municipalities and other governing bodies have taken the initiative by attempting to educate the public and encouraging the recycling of portions of garbage. Other attempted solutions to the waste problem include incineration and composting. However, most currently used method of treating ::
:
,, ~
.
132~ 9~9 garbage have proven to be unacceptable for a variety of reasons including cost and environmental safety.
The object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive solution to the above defined problems in the form of a relatively simple, safe method of treating garbage.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method of treating garbage comprising the steps of shredding the garbage; extracting liquid from the garbage; destroying bacteria in the garbage; compacting and baling the thus sterilized garbage; and packaging the garbage in an airtight plastic material for storage by stacking on an impervious surface.
The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, both figures of which are schematic block diagrams of preferred embodiments of the method of the present invention. For the sake of simplicity, whenever possible the same reference numerals have been used in both drawings to designate the same or similar elements.
As mentioned above, many municipalities have encouraged or are in the process of teaching the public to separate some recyclable waste such as newspapers, glass and metal from garbage.
With reference to Fig. 1, this preliminary separation step in garbage treatment is identified at 1 as the first step in the method of the present invention. Obviously, - . .
, , , , :, '' ' ' " .
`: 132~ ~89 if carried out by the public, this step will not form part of applicant's method.
Assuming that recyclable material has already been removed from the garbage, the first step of the present inventiGn is the feeding of the material into a comminutor 2.
The comminutor 2, which is intended to break the garbage into small pieces to facilitate subsequent treatment thereof. It will be appreciated that it is not necessary to pulverize the garbage, but merely to shred the garbage for increasing the surface area thereof.
The comminuted garbage is fed by conveyor (not shown) to an ultraviolet ray treater 3, where the garbage is irradiated with sufficient ultraviolet light to kill all or most of the bacteria. During this step of the method the garbage can be agitated to expose the maximum possible surface area to the ultraviolet light sources.
In the next step of the method, the garbage is fed into a liquid extractor 4 defined by opposed rollers (not shown) for subjecting the garbage to high pressures, whereby ~ liquid is extracted from the garbage. The liquid thus extracted is subjected to distillation at 5 and condensed in a condenser 6 for re-use or discharge into the environment.
Any liquid remaining in the garbage is removed in a dehydrator station 7. Dehydration is effected using heat andcontrolled pressure. The vapour thus removed form the , ~ ~
.
: ~ . : :
.:
, ``^ 132~ 9~9 garbage is fed to the condenser 6. By subjecting the garbage to sufficiently high heat and pressure, any remaining bacteria are killed.
The now relatively clean garbage is fed to a compactor and baler 8 where the garbage is compressed into rectangular bundles. The bundles are subjected to packaging at 9, i.e. vacuum packed in laminated, reinforced polyethylene bags and sealed.
Finally, the sealed bags of garbage in the form of blocks are stored on solid ground such as a paved area where the blocks are stacked and covered to protect the bags from the adverse effects of the sun and other weather conditions.
Obviously, the stacked blocks are easy to monitor to ensure that no breakage occurs. Thus the likelihood of pollution is decreased.
As shown in Fig. 2 in a second embodiment of the invention, following the manual or mechanical preliminary separation step indicated at 1 and shredding in the comminutor 2, liquid is extracted in an extractor 4 (a) by passing shredded garbage between sets of rollers (not shown) where some liquid is removed from the garbage, and (b) using heat.
In the heating step, the compressed, shredded garbage is passed on a conveyor through a tunnel oven at a temperature of 100C. Dry air passes through the oven to remove vapour escaping from the garbage.
~ .
', ' : ; , :
- 132~ 989 The thus treated garbage remains on the conveyor for transporting through a chamber indicated at 3 in which the temperature is raised to 120C using infrared or black radiation. The chamber can be part of the tunnel oven, and is intended to destroy bacteria. Bacteria can also be destroyed using ultraviolet or other radiation, or by ozonation.
The garbage leaving the bacteria destruction chamber is fed through another chamber 10 for cooling by dry air. The cooled garbage is compacted and baled using pressure in a baling press 8. If necessary, depending upon bale size, weight and shape, the bales are tied or strapped before shrink or vacuum packaging at 9 in a linear, low density polyethylene film or bag.
: , , ~:, - - -,
By conventional garbage is meant ordinary domestic, commercial and industrial waste. The treatment of hazardous waste is beyond the scope of the present invention.
The quantity of garbage produced by mankind, especially in so-called developed countries has increased exponentially over the past few decades. Ours is a larse consumption, throw away society which generates larger and larger quantities of waste. Disposal of such waste has long been a problem and in some areas the problem has reached crisis proportions.
By far the most common (and least expensive) method of disposing of garbage is landfilling, i.e. the placing of garbage in dumps or landfill sites. However, for the most part such sites rapidly become filled and it is necessary to search for other suitable sites. Because of environmental concerns such as ground water pollution, it is increasingly difficult to find a site acceptable to local residents, environmentalists and other interested parties. Some municipalities and other governing bodies have taken the initiative by attempting to educate the public and encouraging the recycling of portions of garbage. Other attempted solutions to the waste problem include incineration and composting. However, most currently used method of treating ::
:
,, ~
.
132~ 9~9 garbage have proven to be unacceptable for a variety of reasons including cost and environmental safety.
The object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive solution to the above defined problems in the form of a relatively simple, safe method of treating garbage.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method of treating garbage comprising the steps of shredding the garbage; extracting liquid from the garbage; destroying bacteria in the garbage; compacting and baling the thus sterilized garbage; and packaging the garbage in an airtight plastic material for storage by stacking on an impervious surface.
The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, both figures of which are schematic block diagrams of preferred embodiments of the method of the present invention. For the sake of simplicity, whenever possible the same reference numerals have been used in both drawings to designate the same or similar elements.
As mentioned above, many municipalities have encouraged or are in the process of teaching the public to separate some recyclable waste such as newspapers, glass and metal from garbage.
With reference to Fig. 1, this preliminary separation step in garbage treatment is identified at 1 as the first step in the method of the present invention. Obviously, - . .
, , , , :, '' ' ' " .
`: 132~ ~89 if carried out by the public, this step will not form part of applicant's method.
Assuming that recyclable material has already been removed from the garbage, the first step of the present inventiGn is the feeding of the material into a comminutor 2.
The comminutor 2, which is intended to break the garbage into small pieces to facilitate subsequent treatment thereof. It will be appreciated that it is not necessary to pulverize the garbage, but merely to shred the garbage for increasing the surface area thereof.
The comminuted garbage is fed by conveyor (not shown) to an ultraviolet ray treater 3, where the garbage is irradiated with sufficient ultraviolet light to kill all or most of the bacteria. During this step of the method the garbage can be agitated to expose the maximum possible surface area to the ultraviolet light sources.
In the next step of the method, the garbage is fed into a liquid extractor 4 defined by opposed rollers (not shown) for subjecting the garbage to high pressures, whereby ~ liquid is extracted from the garbage. The liquid thus extracted is subjected to distillation at 5 and condensed in a condenser 6 for re-use or discharge into the environment.
Any liquid remaining in the garbage is removed in a dehydrator station 7. Dehydration is effected using heat andcontrolled pressure. The vapour thus removed form the , ~ ~
.
: ~ . : :
.:
, ``^ 132~ 9~9 garbage is fed to the condenser 6. By subjecting the garbage to sufficiently high heat and pressure, any remaining bacteria are killed.
The now relatively clean garbage is fed to a compactor and baler 8 where the garbage is compressed into rectangular bundles. The bundles are subjected to packaging at 9, i.e. vacuum packed in laminated, reinforced polyethylene bags and sealed.
Finally, the sealed bags of garbage in the form of blocks are stored on solid ground such as a paved area where the blocks are stacked and covered to protect the bags from the adverse effects of the sun and other weather conditions.
Obviously, the stacked blocks are easy to monitor to ensure that no breakage occurs. Thus the likelihood of pollution is decreased.
As shown in Fig. 2 in a second embodiment of the invention, following the manual or mechanical preliminary separation step indicated at 1 and shredding in the comminutor 2, liquid is extracted in an extractor 4 (a) by passing shredded garbage between sets of rollers (not shown) where some liquid is removed from the garbage, and (b) using heat.
In the heating step, the compressed, shredded garbage is passed on a conveyor through a tunnel oven at a temperature of 100C. Dry air passes through the oven to remove vapour escaping from the garbage.
~ .
', ' : ; , :
- 132~ 989 The thus treated garbage remains on the conveyor for transporting through a chamber indicated at 3 in which the temperature is raised to 120C using infrared or black radiation. The chamber can be part of the tunnel oven, and is intended to destroy bacteria. Bacteria can also be destroyed using ultraviolet or other radiation, or by ozonation.
The garbage leaving the bacteria destruction chamber is fed through another chamber 10 for cooling by dry air. The cooled garbage is compacted and baled using pressure in a baling press 8. If necessary, depending upon bale size, weight and shape, the bales are tied or strapped before shrink or vacuum packaging at 9 in a linear, low density polyethylene film or bag.
: , , ~:, - - -,
Claims (6)
1. A method of treating garbage comprising the steps of shredding the garbage; extracting liquid from the garbage; destroying bacteria in the garbage; compacting and baling the thus sterilized garbage; and packaging the garbage in an airtight plastic material for storage by stacking on an impervious surface.
2. A method according to claim 1, including the step of separating recyclable materials from the garbage prior to shredding.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein bacteria destruction is effected by ultraviolet irradiation of the garbage prior to liquid extraction.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein liquid extraction is effected by subjecting the garbage to compression to squeeze liquid therefrom, and heating the thus treated garbage to vaporize any remaining liquid.
5. A method according to claim 1, including the step of passing dry air over the garbage following bacteria destruction to cool the garbage prior to compacting and baling.
6. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein said plastic material is a low density, linear polyethylene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000598528A CA1321989C (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1989-05-02 | Method of treating garbage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000598528A CA1321989C (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1989-05-02 | Method of treating garbage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1321989C true CA1321989C (en) | 1993-09-07 |
Family
ID=4139997
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000598528A Expired - Fee Related CA1321989C (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1989-05-02 | Method of treating garbage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1321989C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2179801B1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2016-05-04 | Solid Waste Treatment and Management, LLC | Process of final disposal of residential solid waste in the ocean |
-
1989
- 1989-05-02 CA CA000598528A patent/CA1321989C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2179801B1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2016-05-04 | Solid Waste Treatment and Management, LLC | Process of final disposal of residential solid waste in the ocean |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |