CA1319540C - Apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or of a suspension of solids in a liquid - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or of a suspension of solids in a liquidInfo
- Publication number
- CA1319540C CA1319540C CA000574911A CA574911A CA1319540C CA 1319540 C CA1319540 C CA 1319540C CA 000574911 A CA000574911 A CA 000574911A CA 574911 A CA574911 A CA 574911A CA 1319540 C CA1319540 C CA 1319540C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- pipes
- air
- density
- pressure transducer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/26—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring pressure differences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
- B03D1/028—Control and monitoring of flotation processes; computer models therefor
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure:
An apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid or of a suspension of solids in a liquid comprises two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and mounted side-by-side or one inside the other so that the bottom thereof are at different levels apart, a differential pressure transducer, tubings interconnecting the top ends of the pipes to the differential pressure transducer to communicate the air pres-sure in the pipes when they are submerged into the liquid, and means for introducing air at the bottom of the pipes for replenishing the air which dissolves in the liquid and/or escapes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes.
An apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid or of a suspension of solids in a liquid comprises two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and mounted side-by-side or one inside the other so that the bottom thereof are at different levels apart, a differential pressure transducer, tubings interconnecting the top ends of the pipes to the differential pressure transducer to communicate the air pres-sure in the pipes when they are submerged into the liquid, and means for introducing air at the bottom of the pipes for replenishing the air which dissolves in the liquid and/or escapes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes.
Description
~ 3~ ~
APPARATU8 FOR MEA8~RI~ T~E DEN~ITY OF A ~IQUID, OR
OF A ~BPEN8ION OF 80LID~ I~ A ~IQUID
This invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or a suspension of solids in a liquid.
It is known to measure the density of liquids by immersing in the liquid two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and connecting the upper ends of the pipes to a differential pressure transducer so as to measure the pressure differential in the liquid between the lower ends of the pipes as an indication of the density of the liquid.
However, the air in the pipes dissolves in the liq~id and/or es-capes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes so that theapparatus is not accurate and reliable after it has been sub-m~rged in the liquid for a certain time period.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an apparatus of the type disclosed above which provides 15 an accurate and reliable output which is proportional to the den-sity of a liquid or slurry.
The apparatus in accordance with the present invention com~
prises two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and mounted side-by-side or one inside the other so that the bottom thereof are at different levels apart when the pipes are submerged in a liquid or slurry, a differen-tial pressure transducer, tubings interconnecting the top ends of the pipes to the differential pressure transducer to communicate the air pressure in the pipes with the differential pressure 5 ~ ~
APPARATU8 FOR MEA8~RI~ T~E DEN~ITY OF A ~IQUID, OR
OF A ~BPEN8ION OF 80LID~ I~ A ~IQUID
This invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or a suspension of solids in a liquid.
It is known to measure the density of liquids by immersing in the liquid two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and connecting the upper ends of the pipes to a differential pressure transducer so as to measure the pressure differential in the liquid between the lower ends of the pipes as an indication of the density of the liquid.
However, the air in the pipes dissolves in the liq~id and/or es-capes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes so that theapparatus is not accurate and reliable after it has been sub-m~rged in the liquid for a certain time period.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an apparatus of the type disclosed above which provides 15 an accurate and reliable output which is proportional to the den-sity of a liquid or slurry.
The apparatus in accordance with the present invention com~
prises two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and mounted side-by-side or one inside the other so that the bottom thereof are at different levels apart when the pipes are submerged in a liquid or slurry, a differen-tial pressure transducer, tubings interconnecting the top ends of the pipes to the differential pressure transducer to communicate the air pressure in the pipes with the differential pressure 5 ~ ~
transducer, and means for introducing air at the bottom of the pipes for replenishing the air which dissolves in the li~uid and/or escapes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes.
Air is preferably introduced into the lower end of both pipes. Alternatively, air may ~e introduced into the lower end of the longer pipe and allowed to bubble up into the lower end of the shorter pipe to replenish the air dissolved or escaped from the shorter pipe.
The invention will now be desc.ribed with reference to preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the apparatus in accor-dance with the invention;
Figure 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 1 submerged in a li~
quid; and Figures 3 and 4 are alternative embodiments of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown an apparatus compris-ing two pipes 10 and 12 which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and are held side by side by brackets 140 A differen tial pressure transducer 16 is connected to the top of the pipes 10 and 12 via tubings ~8 and fittings 20 to co~municate the air pressure in the pipes to the differential pressure transducer.
Air is introduced at the bottom of tubes 10 and 12 through tubings 22 and 24 to replenish the air which is dissolved in the ~ 3 ~
liquid and/or escape through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes. It is to be understood that tubings 22 and 24 could be located outside pipes 10 and 12.
Referring to Figure 2, the instrument gives two pressure readings:
P1 = H1 x D
P2 H2 x D
where P1 = pressure at the bottom of pipe 12 P2 = pressure at the bottom of pipe 10 Hl = distance from the liquid surface level to the point at which P1 is measured H2 = distance from the liquid surface level to the point at which P~ is measured D = density of liquid or slurry The differential pressure transducer measures the difference between P1 and P2.
P2 P1 ~P = D(H2-H1) = D ~H
D = ~P = c ~P
~H
To ensure proper operation of the instrument, ~H has to remain constant. In accordance with the present invention air is added lO to the columns to replenish that which dissolves in the liquid and/or escapes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes~
The dissolution rate at the two columns is uneven as a result of ~ 3 ~
the higher pressure at P2 than at P1. In addition, minute leaks can alter H in an unpredictable manner. The introduction of air at the bottom of the two columns insures that H remains con-stant.
In applications where the liquid or slurry to be measured is not highly turbulent and/or does not exhibit rapid level fluctua-tions, a simplified version of the instrument can be used.
Referring to Figure 3, air is introduced, through tubing 24, into the lower end of longer pipe 10 only. The excess air from the longer pipe 10 bubbles up into bell 26 and into the lower end of shorter pipe 12 to replenish any dissolved air or leak in shorter pipe 12. Figure 4 shows another alternative instrument made o~
two concentric pipes 10 and 12 with the air being introduced into the lower end of tube 10 and allowed to bubble up into the lower end of concentric pipe 12.
In applications where air is already introduced into the liquid or slurry (flotation cells, aerators, discharge of some pumping streams, etc.), the instrument is further simplified by eliminating the air inlet tubings 22 and 24. Process air will maintain the integrity of the instrument.
The above instrument is simple, rugged, reliable and re-quires no diaphragms for measuring the density of a liquid or slurry. With proper selection of the material of construction (plastic, metal, glass, etc.) the instrument is well suited to 25 operate in an industrial environment.
~ 3 ~
Although the invention has been disclosed with reference to preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that it is not limited to such embodiments and that other alternatives are also envisaged within the scope of the following claims.
Air is preferably introduced into the lower end of both pipes. Alternatively, air may ~e introduced into the lower end of the longer pipe and allowed to bubble up into the lower end of the shorter pipe to replenish the air dissolved or escaped from the shorter pipe.
The invention will now be desc.ribed with reference to preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the apparatus in accor-dance with the invention;
Figure 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 1 submerged in a li~
quid; and Figures 3 and 4 are alternative embodiments of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown an apparatus compris-ing two pipes 10 and 12 which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and are held side by side by brackets 140 A differen tial pressure transducer 16 is connected to the top of the pipes 10 and 12 via tubings ~8 and fittings 20 to co~municate the air pressure in the pipes to the differential pressure transducer.
Air is introduced at the bottom of tubes 10 and 12 through tubings 22 and 24 to replenish the air which is dissolved in the ~ 3 ~
liquid and/or escape through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes. It is to be understood that tubings 22 and 24 could be located outside pipes 10 and 12.
Referring to Figure 2, the instrument gives two pressure readings:
P1 = H1 x D
P2 H2 x D
where P1 = pressure at the bottom of pipe 12 P2 = pressure at the bottom of pipe 10 Hl = distance from the liquid surface level to the point at which P1 is measured H2 = distance from the liquid surface level to the point at which P~ is measured D = density of liquid or slurry The differential pressure transducer measures the difference between P1 and P2.
P2 P1 ~P = D(H2-H1) = D ~H
D = ~P = c ~P
~H
To ensure proper operation of the instrument, ~H has to remain constant. In accordance with the present invention air is added lO to the columns to replenish that which dissolves in the liquid and/or escapes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes~
The dissolution rate at the two columns is uneven as a result of ~ 3 ~
the higher pressure at P2 than at P1. In addition, minute leaks can alter H in an unpredictable manner. The introduction of air at the bottom of the two columns insures that H remains con-stant.
In applications where the liquid or slurry to be measured is not highly turbulent and/or does not exhibit rapid level fluctua-tions, a simplified version of the instrument can be used.
Referring to Figure 3, air is introduced, through tubing 24, into the lower end of longer pipe 10 only. The excess air from the longer pipe 10 bubbles up into bell 26 and into the lower end of shorter pipe 12 to replenish any dissolved air or leak in shorter pipe 12. Figure 4 shows another alternative instrument made o~
two concentric pipes 10 and 12 with the air being introduced into the lower end of tube 10 and allowed to bubble up into the lower end of concentric pipe 12.
In applications where air is already introduced into the liquid or slurry (flotation cells, aerators, discharge of some pumping streams, etc.), the instrument is further simplified by eliminating the air inlet tubings 22 and 24. Process air will maintain the integrity of the instrument.
The above instrument is simple, rugged, reliable and re-quires no diaphragms for measuring the density of a liquid or slurry. With proper selection of the material of construction (plastic, metal, glass, etc.) the instrument is well suited to 25 operate in an industrial environment.
~ 3 ~
Although the invention has been disclosed with reference to preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that it is not limited to such embodiments and that other alternatives are also envisaged within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. An apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid or of a suspension of solids in a liquid comprising:
a) two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and mounted side-by-side or one inside the other so that the bottom thereof are at different levels apart;
b) a differential pressure transducer;
c) tubings interconnecting the top ends of the pipes to the differential pressure transducer to communicate the air pres-sure in the pipes when they are submerged into the liquid; and d) means for introducing air at the bottom of the pipes for replenishing the air which dissolves in the liquid and/or es-capes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes.
a) two pipes of different lengths which are sealed at the top and open at the bottom and mounted side-by-side or one inside the other so that the bottom thereof are at different levels apart;
b) a differential pressure transducer;
c) tubings interconnecting the top ends of the pipes to the differential pressure transducer to communicate the air pres-sure in the pipes when they are submerged into the liquid; and d) means for introducing air at the bottom of the pipes for replenishing the air which dissolves in the liquid and/or es-capes through porosity or minute leaks in the pipes.
2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said means for introducing air into the pipes is a tubing for injecting air into the bottom ends of each pipe.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein air is intro-duced into the bottom end of the longer pipe and bubbles up through the liquid into the bottom of the shorter pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000574911A CA1319540C (en) | 1988-08-16 | 1988-08-16 | Apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or of a suspension of solids in a liquid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000574911A CA1319540C (en) | 1988-08-16 | 1988-08-16 | Apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or of a suspension of solids in a liquid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1319540C true CA1319540C (en) | 1993-06-29 |
Family
ID=4138564
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000574911A Expired - Fee Related CA1319540C (en) | 1988-08-16 | 1988-08-16 | Apparatus for measuring the density of a liquid, or of a suspension of solids in a liquid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1319540C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103528922A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method and device for measuring dynamic sediment volume concentration |
-
1988
- 1988-08-16 CA CA000574911A patent/CA1319540C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103528922A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method and device for measuring dynamic sediment volume concentration |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |