CA1305743C - Arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a two-cylindertype moisture remover - Google Patents
Arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a two-cylindertype moisture removerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1305743C CA1305743C CA000571652A CA571652A CA1305743C CA 1305743 C CA1305743 C CA 1305743C CA 000571652 A CA000571652 A CA 000571652A CA 571652 A CA571652 A CA 571652A CA 1305743 C CA1305743 C CA 1305743C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- drying
- air
- air compressor
- drying cylinders
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0454—Controlling adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/002—Air treatment devices
- B60T17/004—Draining and drying devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/02—Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
Abstract
(Case No. 8447) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A system for removing moisture from compressed air in pneumatic brake equipment including an air compressor having an outlet pneumatically connected to an inlet of a cooler.
The cooler having an outlet pneumatically connected to a pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves. Each of the valves includes a supply section and an exhaust section. A
pair of drying cylinders have inlets selectively pneumatically connectable to the supply and exhaust sections of the respective pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves.
An air reservoir has its inlet pneumatically connected to the outlets of the drying cylinders via a respective check valve. A governor is pneumatically connected to the air reservoir for sensing the pressure level in the air reservoir. A control circuit is electrically connected to the pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves and the governor for causing the drying cylinders to switch to the drying and regenerating state at a preset time only when the air compressor is continuously operating for a time longer than the preset time and to remain in the same positions that they were in just prior to the stopping of the air compressor.
A system for removing moisture from compressed air in pneumatic brake equipment including an air compressor having an outlet pneumatically connected to an inlet of a cooler.
The cooler having an outlet pneumatically connected to a pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves. Each of the valves includes a supply section and an exhaust section. A
pair of drying cylinders have inlets selectively pneumatically connectable to the supply and exhaust sections of the respective pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves.
An air reservoir has its inlet pneumatically connected to the outlets of the drying cylinders via a respective check valve. A governor is pneumatically connected to the air reservoir for sensing the pressure level in the air reservoir. A control circuit is electrically connected to the pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves and the governor for causing the drying cylinders to switch to the drying and regenerating state at a preset time only when the air compressor is continuously operating for a time longer than the preset time and to remain in the same positions that they were in just prior to the stopping of the air compressor.
Description
(Case No. 8447) ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING THE REMOVAL OF MOISTURE
_ FROM A TWO--CYLINDER TYPE MOSITURE REMOVER
FIELD OF THE INVFNTION
This invention relates to an arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a dual-cylinder drying apparatus of a compressed air supply system for air brake equipment carried by railway vehicles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Several examples of air drying arrangements are shown and disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Re,gistration No. 55-23621, in Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 59-86231, and in Japanese Patent No. 53-34664, as well as in our United States Patent Application Serial No. 932,121, filed November 19, 1986, now Patent No. 4,721,515, issued on January 26, 198~, entitled "Control System of a Dual-Cylinder Type Dehumidifier."
One control method of switching a pair of drying cylinders into either a drying mode or a regeneration mode is illustrated in FIG. 4 of the present application.
In this first control method, a pair of electromagnetic valves, represented by characters MVl and MV2, are switched "ON" and "OFF" at each,preset time period T
determined by a suitable timer (not indicated). In other words, the drying and regeneration cycles of one pair of drying cylinders, represented by the characters DR1 and DR2, are equally and alternatively repeated during the '~1- ~
~3~ 3 operation. The second control method of a prior art arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 5 of the present application. The time chart of FIG. 5 is taken from the Table in FIG. 3 of Japanese Patent NoO 53-34664. As shown, the operational relationship o-f the ON-OFF periods o~ the governor GO is used to sense or detect the pressure level P in the air reservoir MR. That is, the cycling, namely, the startup and shtudown of the air compressor CO is controlled by the pressure. It will be noted that both of the electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 are in an "ON" state when the air compressor CO stops or shuts down, so that both of the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 switch to a regenerating phase. When the air compressor CO again switches "ON", the electromagnetic valves MV1 and MV2 are switched to opposite states so that the driers DR1 and DR2 are switched.
In the first control method, illustrated in FIG. 4, the drying and regenerating cycles of the driers DRl and DR2 are alternately repeated. Each of the recurring periods of time T is predetermined by a timer, which is independent of the operation and shutdown of the air compressor CO. Thus, the driers may be switched while the air compressor is stopped, so that the frequency increases. Therefore, the switching mechanism, including the electromagnetic valves MV1, MV2 and their control portions, tend to wear out and the chance of failures increases proportionally which represents a disadvantage and causes problems.
_ FROM A TWO--CYLINDER TYPE MOSITURE REMOVER
FIELD OF THE INVFNTION
This invention relates to an arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a dual-cylinder drying apparatus of a compressed air supply system for air brake equipment carried by railway vehicles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Several examples of air drying arrangements are shown and disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Re,gistration No. 55-23621, in Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 59-86231, and in Japanese Patent No. 53-34664, as well as in our United States Patent Application Serial No. 932,121, filed November 19, 1986, now Patent No. 4,721,515, issued on January 26, 198~, entitled "Control System of a Dual-Cylinder Type Dehumidifier."
One control method of switching a pair of drying cylinders into either a drying mode or a regeneration mode is illustrated in FIG. 4 of the present application.
In this first control method, a pair of electromagnetic valves, represented by characters MVl and MV2, are switched "ON" and "OFF" at each,preset time period T
determined by a suitable timer (not indicated). In other words, the drying and regeneration cycles of one pair of drying cylinders, represented by the characters DR1 and DR2, are equally and alternatively repeated during the '~1- ~
~3~ 3 operation. The second control method of a prior art arrangement is illustrated in FIG. 5 of the present application. The time chart of FIG. 5 is taken from the Table in FIG. 3 of Japanese Patent NoO 53-34664. As shown, the operational relationship o-f the ON-OFF periods o~ the governor GO is used to sense or detect the pressure level P in the air reservoir MR. That is, the cycling, namely, the startup and shtudown of the air compressor CO is controlled by the pressure. It will be noted that both of the electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 are in an "ON" state when the air compressor CO stops or shuts down, so that both of the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 switch to a regenerating phase. When the air compressor CO again switches "ON", the electromagnetic valves MV1 and MV2 are switched to opposite states so that the driers DR1 and DR2 are switched.
In the first control method, illustrated in FIG. 4, the drying and regenerating cycles of the driers DRl and DR2 are alternately repeated. Each of the recurring periods of time T is predetermined by a timer, which is independent of the operation and shutdown of the air compressor CO. Thus, the driers may be switched while the air compressor is stopped, so that the frequency increases. Therefore, the switching mechanism, including the electromagnetic valves MV1, MV2 and their control portions, tend to wear out and the chance of failures increases proportionally which represents a disadvantage and causes problems.
. .
' ' ~3~
In the second control method, illustrated in FIG. 5, the pressure in the air reservoir MR is raised from atmospheric air to the upper pressure regulating limit value P2 by the governor GO during time tlO in FIG. 5, : when the air in the air reservoir MR :is consumed while it is compressed from the lower pressure regulati.ng limit value P1 to the upper pressure regulating limit value P2 by the governor GO. It will be seen that the pressure increase or buildup is slow during time tll. ~t the same time, the drying cylinder DR~ continues the same drying operation during the entire period. This causes the drying cylinder to go beyond the drying limit and the drying performance to greatly decrease, which poses another problem.
QBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to solve the problems of the prior art arrangement, described above, as far as the limit of the drying time . of the drying cylinder is concerned. Thus, the switching of the drying and regeneration cycles of the drying cylinder are arranged at each preset time only when the ~,, air compressor is in continuous operation that is longer ~O than the preset time. When the air compressor shuts down, it maintains the drying cylinder in the same condition that it was in just hefore its shutdown. After the air compressor has shut down and after the pressure in the discharge side decreases to a certain pressure and ~3~5~3 after the passage of a predetermined period of time, both the drying cylinders are put into the drying state or the regeneration state. When the air compressor goes into operation, each of the drying cylinders is switched to the status opposite to that of the previous operated condition. Thus, the subject invention employs a method to control a two-cylinder type moisture remover in which the moisture in the air compressor is fed from the inlet to the outlet direction of one drying cylinder, one pair of drying cylinders containing the absorbent to be dried by the absorbent in the drying cylinder. A portion of the dried air is counterflowed from the outlet to the inlet direction of the other drying cylinder to regenerate the absorbent in the drying cylinder. ~he drying and regeneration cycles are alternatively repeated.
Another object of this invention is to provide a system for controlling a two-cylinder type of moisture remover in which the drying time limit of the drying cylinders is preset; means for switching each of the drying cylinders to a drying and regenerating state at the preset time only when an air compressor continuously operates for a time longer than the preset time; means ; for maintaining each of the drying cylinders in the condition it was in just prior to the stopping of the air compressor; means for causing both of the drying cylinders to assume the drying state or the regenerating ..~
A~ ~
~3~ 3 state together when the outlet pressure decreases to a certain pressure after the air compressor has stopped and when a predetermined length of time has passed after stoppage of the air compressor; means for causing the drying cylinders to be switched to a state opposite that of previous operation when the air compressor is again placed in operation; means for ~eeding moist air from the air compressor from the inlet to the outlet direction of the one drying cylinder to the other clrying cylinder;
each of the drying cylinders includes absorbent; means for causing a portion of the dried air of one drying cylinder to circulate in counterflow from the outlet to the inlet direction to regenerate the absorbent in the other drying cylinder; and means for alternately repeating the drying and regeneration states of the : drying cylinders.
A further object of this invention is to provide a system for removing moisture from compressed air in pneumatic brake equipment comprising, an air compressor having an outlet pneumatically connected to an inlet of a cooler, said cooler having an outlet pneumatically .~ connected to a pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves, each of which includes supply section and an exhaust section, a pair of drying cylinders having inlets selectively pneumatically connectable to said supply and exhaust sections of the respective pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves; an air reservoir having _ 4~A -its inlet pneumatically connected to the outlets of said drying cylinders via a respective check valve; a governor pneumatically connected to said air reservoir for sensing t.he pressure level in said air reservoir; and a control circuit electrically connected to said pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves and said governor for causing the drying cylinders to switch to the drying and regen~rating state at a preset time only when the air compressor is continuously operating for a time longer than the preset time and to remain in the same positions that they were in ~ust prior to the stoping of the air compressor and for causing the drying cylinders to be placed in the drying state or the regenerating state together when the pressure level drops to a certain level after the air compressor has stopped and when a predetermined length of time has elapsed.
~ BRIEF DESCRIPTION QF THE DRAWINGS
:~ The subject invention will be explained below on the basis of several embodiments which are illustrated in the : 20 drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a timing chart showing a plurality of operating characteristic curves of a first embodiment of the present invention;
~IG. 2 is a chart showing a plurality of operating characteristic curves of a second embodiment of the present invention;
:: FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a typical two-cylinder moisture removing system, which may be employed _ 4-B -~3~15;7~3 in practicing the first and second embodiments as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2; and FIGS. 4 and 5 show a graphical illustration of the operating curves of two prior art moisture-removing systems.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 3, there is shown a typical two-c:ylinder type moisture ~, ~' :
~' :, ~
;~:
_ ~C --'.~4 ~3~5~
removal system which includes an air compressor C0 and a cooler CL. The inlet of cooler CL is connec-ted to the outlet of the air compressor C0, while the outlet of cooler CL is connected to a pair of electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2. The two drying cylinders DRl and DR2 have their inlets connected to the outlets of the spring biased electromagnetic valve MVl, MV2, respectively. The dryers DRl and DR2 contain suitable absorbent or desiccant. A
pair of check valves CVl and CV2 are connected to the outlets of the pair of drying cylinders DRl, DR2. The check valves CV1 and CV2 prevent flow back to the outlets of the dryers DRl and DR2. A throttle valve NV is connected to the outlets of the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 on the upatream side of the check valves CVl and CV2.
An air reservoir MR i8 connected to the check valves CVl and CV2 on the downstream side thereof. The outlet of the air reservoir MR feeds the compressed air to the air brake system, such as, the brake cylinders (not shown). A
governor G0 is connected to the air reservoir MR. The governor GO senses and detects the upper pressure regulating limit value P2, and the lower pressure ~ regulating limit value Pl controls the operation of the air ; compressor CO to supply or stop air pressure to the air reservoir MR.
The two-position electromagnetic valves MV1 and MV2 each have an exhaust position "a" in which the f low inlet i8 closed and the flow outlet is opened to the atmosphere ~3~ L3 when the respective electromagnetic valve is energized to an "ON" condition. Conversely, each electromagnetic valve has a feed position "b" in ~hich the exh~ust outlet is closed and air flows from the inlet to the outlet when the respective electromagnetic valve is deenergi~ed to an "OFF"
condition.
When the electromagnetic valve MV1 is in the "OFF"
condition while the electromagnetic valve MV2 in in the "ON"
condition, the moist air from the air compressor CO passes from the cooler CL to the feed position "b" of the electromagnetic valve MVl. Thus, the air is fed to the drying cylinder DRl and is dried by the absorbent in the drying cylinder DRl. The dry air then travels to the ~ir reservoir MR via the check valve CVl. At the same time, a eortion of the dried air from the drying cylinder DRl is ~ counterflowed from the outlet of the drying cylinder DR2 via `~; the throttle valve NV. This diverted portion of the dried air regenerates the absorbent in the drying cylinder DR2.
This air picks up moisture and the moist air is expelled to the atmosphere through the exhaust connection, since the electromagnetic valve MV2 is "ON" and in position "a".
`::
~ When the electromagnetic valve MV1 is switched "ON" and :
: the electromagnetic valve MV2 is sw.itched "OFF", the moist ::
air is dried in the drying cylinder DR2 while, at the ~ame time, the absorbent in the drying cylinder DRl is regenerated. Now, when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR reaches the upper pressure regulating limit value P2, .
~3~t5~7~3 the governor GO shuts "OFF" the ~ir compressor CO and, when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR de~creases to the lower pressure regulating limit value Pl, the governor GO
tur~s "ON" the air compressor CO.
It will be assumed that the continuous operating time of the air compressor is less than the specified drying limit time and that the air comeressor switches from "ON"
to "OFF", but the drying and regeneration are not switched. Thus, it will be seen that unnecessary switching is eliminated and that the frequency of switching is decreased. In addition, when the air compressor switches from "OFF" to "ON", it i9 switched to the status opposite that of the final stage in the previous operation and, at the same time, when the continuous operating time passes the specified ti~e limit, the drying and regeneration phases are switched at each specified time limit in order ~: to pre~ent deterioration of the drying performance or operation. In addition, after the air compressor CO
switches from "ON" to "OFF", and when the length of the ZO shutdown exceeds the specified time limit, or when the outlet ~ide pre~sure in the air compressor CO is reduced to the ~pecified pressure, both of the two drying cylinders are switched to the drying status or the regeneration 3tatus, so that the drastic decrease of air pressure in the 2~ piping from the air compressor CO to the driers is prevented. Thus, the delay in the supply of pressure to the drying cylinder outlet side ia ~ninimized when the air compre~aor resumes operation.
~ 3~ L3 First, the operating curves of the first embodiment, :~ shown in FIG. 1, will be explained in conjunction with the operation of the system illustrated in FIG. 3. Now, when the electrical power from source V is initially supplied to the electrical control circuit CC by closing switch SW, the ~; control circuit CC turns "ON'I electromagnetic valve MVl.
This switches the electromagnetic valve MVl to the exhaust position "a". However, the electromagnetic valve MV2 will remain in an "OFF" condition and will remain in its feed position "b". It will be appreciated that, at this time, the pressure P in the air reservoir MR is at atmosphere.
The electrical power is also suppIied to the governor GO via control circuit CC when the switch SW is closed.
The governor GO turns i'oN" and detects the atmospheric ~` 15 pressure P in the air reservoir MR. This switches "ON" the .~ air co~pressor CO so that it begins to run. The dried compressed air is conveyed to air reservoir MR via cylinder DR2, which performs the drying function. At the ~ame time, ~; the drying cylinder DRl performs the regeneration function on the absorbent material contained in dryer DRl. In this ~: :
state, when the preset time Tl (which i8 set to the optimum drying time limit of the drying cylinders DRl and DR2) has expired, the electromagnetic valve MVl i3 turned "OFF".
The turning "OFF" of electromagnetic valve MVl causes the valve to shift to th~e supply position "b" while the electromagnetic v~lve MV2 torns "ON" and ~oves to the exhaust position "a". The drying cylinder DRl performs ~3~ 7~3 the drying operation, and the drying cylinder DR2 performs the regeneration operation. This switchin~ of the drying and regeneration operations continues at the preset time Tl until the air compressor CO is deenergized and stops operating.
Now, when the preset drying time Tl expires and when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR reaches the upper pressure regulating limit value P2, the governor GO detects this condition and switches "OFF". The turning "OFF" of governor GO causes the air compressor CO to stop operating. However, the electromagnetic multi-way valves MVl and MV2 maintain the same positions that they were in just before the compressor shutdown. After the air compressor CO shuts down, the compressed air retained in the piping including the cooler CL is discharged to the at~osphere by passing through the feed position "b" of the electromagnetic valve MV2, the drying cylinder DR2, the throttle valve NV, the drying cylinder DRl, and the exhaust position "a" of the electromagnetic valve MVl, so that the pre~sure drops as shown by the dotted line PD in FIG. 1.
However, when the specified time T2 has passed after the air compresæor CO shuts down, the electromagnetic valve MVl i~ cut "OFF" and ~hifts to the feed position "b".
~ Under this condition, both drying cylinders DRl and DR2 ~5 move into the drying positions, and the air pressure in the piping stops dropping. Therefore, when the air ~ompres~rr CO goe3 back into operation, there is undue delay in S7~
feeding compressed air into the air reservoir MR. After the e~piration of the preset time t2, and after the shutdown of the air compressor COr the pressure P in the air reservoir MR decreases and approaches the lower pressure regulatlng limit value Pl. When the pressure reaches the lower pressure regulatin~ limit value Pl, the governor GO switches "ON" and the electromagnetic valve MV2 moves to the exhaust position "a". At this time, the electromagnetic valve MVl is still "OFF" and remains in the feed position "b", so that the drying cylinder DRI performs the drying function and the drying cylinder DR2 performs the regeneration function. In other words, electromagnetic valve MV2 is switched to its opposite position in relation to the position it occupied during operation tl.
Since the continuous operating time t3 of the air compres~or C'O is less than the specified time Tl, the electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 do not shift positions, and the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 remain in their respective positions. After the expiration of the time t3, and when the governor GO switches "OFF", the air compressor CO stops running. However, the electromagnetic valves MYl and MV2 do not shift their positions, and the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 maintain their given tunctions. Then, when the specified time T2 has expired, the electromagnetic valve MV2 is turned "OFF" and returns to the feed position "b". Therefore, in the same manner as described above, both drying cylinders DRl and DR2 are in their drying positions.
~3~5~
., The operation during the passage of time periods t4, t5, and t6 is substantially the sa~e as described above, so that no further detailed description appears to be necessary.
In the first embodiment described above, when the air com~ressor CO shuts down, the drying cylinders DRl and ~R2 function in the same manner as they did just before shutdown for a certain length of time T2. After the passage of this specified time T2, both drying cylinders ; 10 DRl and DR2 assume the drying positions. In other words, both electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 are switched "OFF", ~o that both electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 move into the feed position "b". If the electro~agnetic valves MVl and MV2 are temporarily frozen while the air compressor CO
is shut down and does not operate, the electromagnetic valves MVl and M~2 are kept in the feed position "b".
Thus, when the air compressor CO resumes operation, the discharged compressed air will not leak from the exhaust outlet of the electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 to the atmosphere, since the valves are in feed position "a".
Referring now to the second embodiment, which is functionally illustrated by the curves of FIG. 2, it will be seen that when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR
reaches the upper pressure regula~ing limit value P2, the air compressor CO stops. The air pressure in the piping, including the cooler CL, starts to decrease toward a specified pre~sure, namely, lower pressure regulating ~311~i7~3 limit value Pl. The drying cylinders DRl and DR2 remain in the positions they occupied just before shutdown, and when the pressure reacheæ this specified pressure regulating limit value Pl, both electromagnetic valve~ MV1 and MV2 are switched "ON" and are shiftecl to the exhaust position "a". In other words, both dryiny cylinders DRl and DR2 assume the regeneration positionæ.
In this embodiment, a presYure sensitive switch may be suitably located in the outlet of the cooler CL for detecting the air pressure in the piping to determine a decrease to a specified pressure.
Since the other partæ of this second embodiment are the ~ame as those in the first embodiment, no add1tional explanation appears necessary at this point since those skilled in the art will readily underætand the function and operation of the invention.
It will be seen that in the invention, as illustrated in both of the embodiments, when the air compres30r CO shuts ; down, the system will stay in the same state that it occupied just prior to shutdown, if the continuous operating time of the air compressor CO is less than the specified drying limit time. Thus, the drying and regenerating phases ~re not switched. Therefore, unnecessary switching operations can be eliminated 80 that the switching mechanism is not subjected to needless wear, and the problemæ caused by such wear can be correspondingly decreased.
.
~ 12 ~3~
In addition, when the air compressor CO begins to operate, the drying and regenerating conditions are switched to the sta~e which is the reverse of the f inal state of the previous operating time. When the operating time becomes S longer than the preset drying limit time, the drying and regenerating states are switched at each preset time so that a decrease in drying performance is prevented, and more efficient drying is possible without any need to increase the amount of the absorbent.
In addition, when the outlet pressure decreases to a specified pressure after the shutdown of the air compressor C0, or when a specified time has passed after the shutdown of the air compressor CO, both drying cylinders DRl and DR2 move into either the dryiny condition or the regenerating condition. Thus, no further decrease in the pressure in the piping from the air compressor CO to the drying cylinder occurs, so that undue delay of the dried air supply to the outlet of the drying cylinder is minimized upon resumption of opera-tion of the air compressor CO.
The following is a listing of the components shown in the dra~ing~ and described in the specification:
; C0 air compressor CL cooler MVl, MV2 electromagnetic valves (switch valves) DRl, DR2 drying cylinders MR air reservoir Pl lower pressure regulating limit value (specified pressure) P2 upper pressure regulating limit value (3pecified pressure) .
~3~5~
P pressure in the air reservoir MR
Tl preset time T2 specified time V power supply voltage SW switch CC control circult CVl~ CV2 check valves NV throttle valve G0 governor "a" e~haust position "b" feed position Thus, the present invention has been described in such full, clear~ concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, and having set forth the best mode contemplated of carrying out this invention. We state that the subject matter, which we regard as being our invention, is particularly pointed out and distinctly asserted in what is claimed. It will be understood that a~ variations, modifications, equivalents, and sub3titutions for components of the above specifically-described embodiments of the invention may be made by those persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended 2B claims,
' ' ~3~
In the second control method, illustrated in FIG. 5, the pressure in the air reservoir MR is raised from atmospheric air to the upper pressure regulating limit value P2 by the governor GO during time tlO in FIG. 5, : when the air in the air reservoir MR :is consumed while it is compressed from the lower pressure regulati.ng limit value P1 to the upper pressure regulating limit value P2 by the governor GO. It will be seen that the pressure increase or buildup is slow during time tll. ~t the same time, the drying cylinder DR~ continues the same drying operation during the entire period. This causes the drying cylinder to go beyond the drying limit and the drying performance to greatly decrease, which poses another problem.
QBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to solve the problems of the prior art arrangement, described above, as far as the limit of the drying time . of the drying cylinder is concerned. Thus, the switching of the drying and regeneration cycles of the drying cylinder are arranged at each preset time only when the ~,, air compressor is in continuous operation that is longer ~O than the preset time. When the air compressor shuts down, it maintains the drying cylinder in the same condition that it was in just hefore its shutdown. After the air compressor has shut down and after the pressure in the discharge side decreases to a certain pressure and ~3~5~3 after the passage of a predetermined period of time, both the drying cylinders are put into the drying state or the regeneration state. When the air compressor goes into operation, each of the drying cylinders is switched to the status opposite to that of the previous operated condition. Thus, the subject invention employs a method to control a two-cylinder type moisture remover in which the moisture in the air compressor is fed from the inlet to the outlet direction of one drying cylinder, one pair of drying cylinders containing the absorbent to be dried by the absorbent in the drying cylinder. A portion of the dried air is counterflowed from the outlet to the inlet direction of the other drying cylinder to regenerate the absorbent in the drying cylinder. ~he drying and regeneration cycles are alternatively repeated.
Another object of this invention is to provide a system for controlling a two-cylinder type of moisture remover in which the drying time limit of the drying cylinders is preset; means for switching each of the drying cylinders to a drying and regenerating state at the preset time only when an air compressor continuously operates for a time longer than the preset time; means ; for maintaining each of the drying cylinders in the condition it was in just prior to the stopping of the air compressor; means for causing both of the drying cylinders to assume the drying state or the regenerating ..~
A~ ~
~3~ 3 state together when the outlet pressure decreases to a certain pressure after the air compressor has stopped and when a predetermined length of time has passed after stoppage of the air compressor; means for causing the drying cylinders to be switched to a state opposite that of previous operation when the air compressor is again placed in operation; means for ~eeding moist air from the air compressor from the inlet to the outlet direction of the one drying cylinder to the other clrying cylinder;
each of the drying cylinders includes absorbent; means for causing a portion of the dried air of one drying cylinder to circulate in counterflow from the outlet to the inlet direction to regenerate the absorbent in the other drying cylinder; and means for alternately repeating the drying and regeneration states of the : drying cylinders.
A further object of this invention is to provide a system for removing moisture from compressed air in pneumatic brake equipment comprising, an air compressor having an outlet pneumatically connected to an inlet of a cooler, said cooler having an outlet pneumatically .~ connected to a pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves, each of which includes supply section and an exhaust section, a pair of drying cylinders having inlets selectively pneumatically connectable to said supply and exhaust sections of the respective pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves; an air reservoir having _ 4~A -its inlet pneumatically connected to the outlets of said drying cylinders via a respective check valve; a governor pneumatically connected to said air reservoir for sensing t.he pressure level in said air reservoir; and a control circuit electrically connected to said pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves and said governor for causing the drying cylinders to switch to the drying and regen~rating state at a preset time only when the air compressor is continuously operating for a time longer than the preset time and to remain in the same positions that they were in ~ust prior to the stoping of the air compressor and for causing the drying cylinders to be placed in the drying state or the regenerating state together when the pressure level drops to a certain level after the air compressor has stopped and when a predetermined length of time has elapsed.
~ BRIEF DESCRIPTION QF THE DRAWINGS
:~ The subject invention will be explained below on the basis of several embodiments which are illustrated in the : 20 drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a timing chart showing a plurality of operating characteristic curves of a first embodiment of the present invention;
~IG. 2 is a chart showing a plurality of operating characteristic curves of a second embodiment of the present invention;
:: FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a typical two-cylinder moisture removing system, which may be employed _ 4-B -~3~15;7~3 in practicing the first and second embodiments as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2; and FIGS. 4 and 5 show a graphical illustration of the operating curves of two prior art moisture-removing systems.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 3, there is shown a typical two-c:ylinder type moisture ~, ~' :
~' :, ~
;~:
_ ~C --'.~4 ~3~5~
removal system which includes an air compressor C0 and a cooler CL. The inlet of cooler CL is connec-ted to the outlet of the air compressor C0, while the outlet of cooler CL is connected to a pair of electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2. The two drying cylinders DRl and DR2 have their inlets connected to the outlets of the spring biased electromagnetic valve MVl, MV2, respectively. The dryers DRl and DR2 contain suitable absorbent or desiccant. A
pair of check valves CVl and CV2 are connected to the outlets of the pair of drying cylinders DRl, DR2. The check valves CV1 and CV2 prevent flow back to the outlets of the dryers DRl and DR2. A throttle valve NV is connected to the outlets of the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 on the upatream side of the check valves CVl and CV2.
An air reservoir MR i8 connected to the check valves CVl and CV2 on the downstream side thereof. The outlet of the air reservoir MR feeds the compressed air to the air brake system, such as, the brake cylinders (not shown). A
governor G0 is connected to the air reservoir MR. The governor GO senses and detects the upper pressure regulating limit value P2, and the lower pressure ~ regulating limit value Pl controls the operation of the air ; compressor CO to supply or stop air pressure to the air reservoir MR.
The two-position electromagnetic valves MV1 and MV2 each have an exhaust position "a" in which the f low inlet i8 closed and the flow outlet is opened to the atmosphere ~3~ L3 when the respective electromagnetic valve is energized to an "ON" condition. Conversely, each electromagnetic valve has a feed position "b" in ~hich the exh~ust outlet is closed and air flows from the inlet to the outlet when the respective electromagnetic valve is deenergi~ed to an "OFF"
condition.
When the electromagnetic valve MV1 is in the "OFF"
condition while the electromagnetic valve MV2 in in the "ON"
condition, the moist air from the air compressor CO passes from the cooler CL to the feed position "b" of the electromagnetic valve MVl. Thus, the air is fed to the drying cylinder DRl and is dried by the absorbent in the drying cylinder DRl. The dry air then travels to the ~ir reservoir MR via the check valve CVl. At the same time, a eortion of the dried air from the drying cylinder DRl is ~ counterflowed from the outlet of the drying cylinder DR2 via `~; the throttle valve NV. This diverted portion of the dried air regenerates the absorbent in the drying cylinder DR2.
This air picks up moisture and the moist air is expelled to the atmosphere through the exhaust connection, since the electromagnetic valve MV2 is "ON" and in position "a".
`::
~ When the electromagnetic valve MV1 is switched "ON" and :
: the electromagnetic valve MV2 is sw.itched "OFF", the moist ::
air is dried in the drying cylinder DR2 while, at the ~ame time, the absorbent in the drying cylinder DRl is regenerated. Now, when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR reaches the upper pressure regulating limit value P2, .
~3~t5~7~3 the governor GO shuts "OFF" the ~ir compressor CO and, when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR de~creases to the lower pressure regulating limit value Pl, the governor GO
tur~s "ON" the air compressor CO.
It will be assumed that the continuous operating time of the air compressor is less than the specified drying limit time and that the air comeressor switches from "ON"
to "OFF", but the drying and regeneration are not switched. Thus, it will be seen that unnecessary switching is eliminated and that the frequency of switching is decreased. In addition, when the air compressor switches from "OFF" to "ON", it i9 switched to the status opposite that of the final stage in the previous operation and, at the same time, when the continuous operating time passes the specified ti~e limit, the drying and regeneration phases are switched at each specified time limit in order ~: to pre~ent deterioration of the drying performance or operation. In addition, after the air compressor CO
switches from "ON" to "OFF", and when the length of the ZO shutdown exceeds the specified time limit, or when the outlet ~ide pre~sure in the air compressor CO is reduced to the ~pecified pressure, both of the two drying cylinders are switched to the drying status or the regeneration 3tatus, so that the drastic decrease of air pressure in the 2~ piping from the air compressor CO to the driers is prevented. Thus, the delay in the supply of pressure to the drying cylinder outlet side ia ~ninimized when the air compre~aor resumes operation.
~ 3~ L3 First, the operating curves of the first embodiment, :~ shown in FIG. 1, will be explained in conjunction with the operation of the system illustrated in FIG. 3. Now, when the electrical power from source V is initially supplied to the electrical control circuit CC by closing switch SW, the ~; control circuit CC turns "ON'I electromagnetic valve MVl.
This switches the electromagnetic valve MVl to the exhaust position "a". However, the electromagnetic valve MV2 will remain in an "OFF" condition and will remain in its feed position "b". It will be appreciated that, at this time, the pressure P in the air reservoir MR is at atmosphere.
The electrical power is also suppIied to the governor GO via control circuit CC when the switch SW is closed.
The governor GO turns i'oN" and detects the atmospheric ~` 15 pressure P in the air reservoir MR. This switches "ON" the .~ air co~pressor CO so that it begins to run. The dried compressed air is conveyed to air reservoir MR via cylinder DR2, which performs the drying function. At the ~ame time, ~; the drying cylinder DRl performs the regeneration function on the absorbent material contained in dryer DRl. In this ~: :
state, when the preset time Tl (which i8 set to the optimum drying time limit of the drying cylinders DRl and DR2) has expired, the electromagnetic valve MVl i3 turned "OFF".
The turning "OFF" of electromagnetic valve MVl causes the valve to shift to th~e supply position "b" while the electromagnetic v~lve MV2 torns "ON" and ~oves to the exhaust position "a". The drying cylinder DRl performs ~3~ 7~3 the drying operation, and the drying cylinder DR2 performs the regeneration operation. This switchin~ of the drying and regeneration operations continues at the preset time Tl until the air compressor CO is deenergized and stops operating.
Now, when the preset drying time Tl expires and when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR reaches the upper pressure regulating limit value P2, the governor GO detects this condition and switches "OFF". The turning "OFF" of governor GO causes the air compressor CO to stop operating. However, the electromagnetic multi-way valves MVl and MV2 maintain the same positions that they were in just before the compressor shutdown. After the air compressor CO shuts down, the compressed air retained in the piping including the cooler CL is discharged to the at~osphere by passing through the feed position "b" of the electromagnetic valve MV2, the drying cylinder DR2, the throttle valve NV, the drying cylinder DRl, and the exhaust position "a" of the electromagnetic valve MVl, so that the pre~sure drops as shown by the dotted line PD in FIG. 1.
However, when the specified time T2 has passed after the air compresæor CO shuts down, the electromagnetic valve MVl i~ cut "OFF" and ~hifts to the feed position "b".
~ Under this condition, both drying cylinders DRl and DR2 ~5 move into the drying positions, and the air pressure in the piping stops dropping. Therefore, when the air ~ompres~rr CO goe3 back into operation, there is undue delay in S7~
feeding compressed air into the air reservoir MR. After the e~piration of the preset time t2, and after the shutdown of the air compressor COr the pressure P in the air reservoir MR decreases and approaches the lower pressure regulatlng limit value Pl. When the pressure reaches the lower pressure regulatin~ limit value Pl, the governor GO switches "ON" and the electromagnetic valve MV2 moves to the exhaust position "a". At this time, the electromagnetic valve MVl is still "OFF" and remains in the feed position "b", so that the drying cylinder DRI performs the drying function and the drying cylinder DR2 performs the regeneration function. In other words, electromagnetic valve MV2 is switched to its opposite position in relation to the position it occupied during operation tl.
Since the continuous operating time t3 of the air compres~or C'O is less than the specified time Tl, the electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 do not shift positions, and the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 remain in their respective positions. After the expiration of the time t3, and when the governor GO switches "OFF", the air compressor CO stops running. However, the electromagnetic valves MYl and MV2 do not shift their positions, and the drying cylinders DRl and DR2 maintain their given tunctions. Then, when the specified time T2 has expired, the electromagnetic valve MV2 is turned "OFF" and returns to the feed position "b". Therefore, in the same manner as described above, both drying cylinders DRl and DR2 are in their drying positions.
~3~5~
., The operation during the passage of time periods t4, t5, and t6 is substantially the sa~e as described above, so that no further detailed description appears to be necessary.
In the first embodiment described above, when the air com~ressor CO shuts down, the drying cylinders DRl and ~R2 function in the same manner as they did just before shutdown for a certain length of time T2. After the passage of this specified time T2, both drying cylinders ; 10 DRl and DR2 assume the drying positions. In other words, both electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 are switched "OFF", ~o that both electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 move into the feed position "b". If the electro~agnetic valves MVl and MV2 are temporarily frozen while the air compressor CO
is shut down and does not operate, the electromagnetic valves MVl and M~2 are kept in the feed position "b".
Thus, when the air compressor CO resumes operation, the discharged compressed air will not leak from the exhaust outlet of the electromagnetic valves MVl and MV2 to the atmosphere, since the valves are in feed position "a".
Referring now to the second embodiment, which is functionally illustrated by the curves of FIG. 2, it will be seen that when the pressure P in the air reservoir MR
reaches the upper pressure regula~ing limit value P2, the air compressor CO stops. The air pressure in the piping, including the cooler CL, starts to decrease toward a specified pre~sure, namely, lower pressure regulating ~311~i7~3 limit value Pl. The drying cylinders DRl and DR2 remain in the positions they occupied just before shutdown, and when the pressure reacheæ this specified pressure regulating limit value Pl, both electromagnetic valve~ MV1 and MV2 are switched "ON" and are shiftecl to the exhaust position "a". In other words, both dryiny cylinders DRl and DR2 assume the regeneration positionæ.
In this embodiment, a presYure sensitive switch may be suitably located in the outlet of the cooler CL for detecting the air pressure in the piping to determine a decrease to a specified pressure.
Since the other partæ of this second embodiment are the ~ame as those in the first embodiment, no add1tional explanation appears necessary at this point since those skilled in the art will readily underætand the function and operation of the invention.
It will be seen that in the invention, as illustrated in both of the embodiments, when the air compres30r CO shuts ; down, the system will stay in the same state that it occupied just prior to shutdown, if the continuous operating time of the air compressor CO is less than the specified drying limit time. Thus, the drying and regenerating phases ~re not switched. Therefore, unnecessary switching operations can be eliminated 80 that the switching mechanism is not subjected to needless wear, and the problemæ caused by such wear can be correspondingly decreased.
.
~ 12 ~3~
In addition, when the air compressor CO begins to operate, the drying and regenerating conditions are switched to the sta~e which is the reverse of the f inal state of the previous operating time. When the operating time becomes S longer than the preset drying limit time, the drying and regenerating states are switched at each preset time so that a decrease in drying performance is prevented, and more efficient drying is possible without any need to increase the amount of the absorbent.
In addition, when the outlet pressure decreases to a specified pressure after the shutdown of the air compressor C0, or when a specified time has passed after the shutdown of the air compressor CO, both drying cylinders DRl and DR2 move into either the dryiny condition or the regenerating condition. Thus, no further decrease in the pressure in the piping from the air compressor CO to the drying cylinder occurs, so that undue delay of the dried air supply to the outlet of the drying cylinder is minimized upon resumption of opera-tion of the air compressor CO.
The following is a listing of the components shown in the dra~ing~ and described in the specification:
; C0 air compressor CL cooler MVl, MV2 electromagnetic valves (switch valves) DRl, DR2 drying cylinders MR air reservoir Pl lower pressure regulating limit value (specified pressure) P2 upper pressure regulating limit value (3pecified pressure) .
~3~5~
P pressure in the air reservoir MR
Tl preset time T2 specified time V power supply voltage SW switch CC control circult CVl~ CV2 check valves NV throttle valve G0 governor "a" e~haust position "b" feed position Thus, the present invention has been described in such full, clear~ concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, and having set forth the best mode contemplated of carrying out this invention. We state that the subject matter, which we regard as being our invention, is particularly pointed out and distinctly asserted in what is claimed. It will be understood that a~ variations, modifications, equivalents, and sub3titutions for components of the above specifically-described embodiments of the invention may be made by those persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended 2B claims,
Claims (2)
1. A system for controlling a two-cylinder type of moisture remover in which the drying time limit of the drying cylinders is preset; means for switching each of the drying cylinders to a drying and regenerating state at the preset time only when an air compressor continuously operates for a time longer than the preset time; means for maintaining each of the drying cylinders in the condition it was in just prior to the stopping of the air compressor; means for causing both of the drying cylinders to assume the drying state or the regenerating state together when the outlet pressure decreases to a certain pressure after the air compressor has stopped and when a predetermined length of time has passed after stoppage of the air compressor; means for causing the drying cylinders to be switched to a state opposite that of previous operation when the air compressor is again placed in operation; means for feeding moist air from the air compressor from the inlet to the outlet direction of the one drying cylinder to the other drying cylinder;
each of the drying cylinders includes absorbent; means for causing a portion of the dried air of one drying cylinder to circulate in counterflow from the outlet to the inlet direction to regenerate the absorbent in the other drying cylinder; and means for alternately repeating the drying and regeneration states of the drying cylinders.
each of the drying cylinders includes absorbent; means for causing a portion of the dried air of one drying cylinder to circulate in counterflow from the outlet to the inlet direction to regenerate the absorbent in the other drying cylinder; and means for alternately repeating the drying and regeneration states of the drying cylinders.
2. A system for removing moisture from compressed air in pneumatic brake equipment comprising, an air compressor having an outlet pneumatically connected to an inlet of a cooler, said cooler having an outlet pneumatically connected to a pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves, each of which includes supply section and an exhaust section, a pair of drying cylinders having inlets selectively pneumatically connectable to said supply and exhaust sections of the respective pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves; an air reservoir having its inlet pneumatically connected to the outlets of said drying cylinders via a respective check valve; a governor pneumatically connected to said air reservoir for sensing the pressure level in said air reservoir; and a control circuit electrically connected to said pair of electromagnetic multi-way valves and said governor for causing the drying cylinders to switch to the drying and regenerating state at a preset time only when the air compressor is continuously operating for a time longer than the preset time and to remain in the same positions that they were in just prior to the stopping of the air compressor and for causing the drying cylinders to be placed in the drying state or the regenerating state together when the pressure level drops to a certain level after the air compressor has stopped and when a predetermined length of time has elapsed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000571652A CA1305743C (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1988-07-11 | Arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a two-cylindertype moisture remover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000571652A CA1305743C (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1988-07-11 | Arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a two-cylindertype moisture remover |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1305743C true CA1305743C (en) | 1992-07-28 |
Family
ID=32996912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000571652A Expired - Fee Related CA1305743C (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1988-07-11 | Arrangement for controlling the removal of moisture from a two-cylindertype moisture remover |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1305743C (en) |
-
1988
- 1988-07-11 CA CA000571652A patent/CA1305743C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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