CA1297644C - Modular bridge structure - Google Patents
Modular bridge structureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1297644C CA1297644C CA000565928A CA565928A CA1297644C CA 1297644 C CA1297644 C CA 1297644C CA 000565928 A CA000565928 A CA 000565928A CA 565928 A CA565928 A CA 565928A CA 1297644 C CA1297644 C CA 1297644C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- members
- articulated
- module
- deck
- bridge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
- E01D15/12—Portable or sectional bridges
- E01D15/124—Folding or telescopic bridges; Bridges built up from folding or telescopic sections
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The bridge comprises a plurality of sections or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner. Each module comprises two deck members articulated together about an axis which corresponds essentially to the middle of the bridge in the mounted condition, and two side members each of which is articulated to a deck member at the side opposite the articulation between the deck members. Each section or module can assume a folded condition for storage or transport in which the deck members and side members are juxtaposed, and an unfolded condition of use in which the deck members are coplanar with each other and together form a portion of the road surface and the side members extend substantially perpendicular to that surface.
Conveniently, the side members may be articulated to tread support members adapted to constitute the tread surface of pedestrian catwalks adjacent the road surface, following the connection of the modules. Each tread support member is articulated to a respective parapet member.
The bridge comprises a plurality of sections or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner. Each module comprises two deck members articulated together about an axis which corresponds essentially to the middle of the bridge in the mounted condition, and two side members each of which is articulated to a deck member at the side opposite the articulation between the deck members. Each section or module can assume a folded condition for storage or transport in which the deck members and side members are juxtaposed, and an unfolded condition of use in which the deck members are coplanar with each other and together form a portion of the road surface and the side members extend substantially perpendicular to that surface.
Conveniently, the side members may be articulated to tread support members adapted to constitute the tread surface of pedestrian catwalks adjacent the road surface, following the connection of the modules. Each tread support member is articulated to a respective parapet member.
Description
12976`~
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a modular bridge for military and civil uses, and in particular to a temporary bridge of the type comprising a plurality of section or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner.
The object of the present invention is to provide a modular bridge whose modules can be transported easily and can be set up extremely quickly. These and other objects are achieved according to the present invention by means of a modular bridge comprising a plurality of sections or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner, each section or module comprising: two deck members articulated together about an axis which is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the bridge in the mounted condition thereof; two side members each of which is articulated to a deck member on its side opposite the articulation between the deck members; each section or module being able to assume a folded condition for storage or transport in which the deck members and the side members are juxtaposed, and an unfolded condition of use in which the deck members are coplanar with each other and together form a portion of a road surface and the side members extend substantially perpendicular to that surface; and a tread support member articulated to at least one of the side members of each section or module and, together with the corresponding tread support members of adjacent sections or modules, being adapted to form the tread surface of a pedestrian catwalk adjacent the road surface; each tread support member being able to take up a closed position in which it extends substantially parallel to the respective side member to which it is connected and an unfolded position of use in which it extends substantially perpendicular to the side member.
'~ sd/~
129'76 ~4 Each tread support member is conveniently articulated to a respective collapsible parapet member.
IEach module in the assembly has a structure which can be folded substantially like a concertina and can quickly be set up and locked in the condition of use.
Conveniently, each module or section may be formed of aluminium or a light alloy so as to facilitate its transport and setting up.
Further characteristics and advantages of the bridge according to the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
Figures 1 and 2 are a side view and a plan view respectively of a bridge made in accordance with the pre~ent invention, Figure 3 shows a section or module of a bridge according to the invention in the folded condition for storage or transport, Figure 4 and Figure 5 show a section or module of the bridge in two different phases of unfolding for setting up, Figure 6 shows a module of the bridge in the unfolded ''`.!i sd/~ -2-12976~4 condition of use, and Figure 7 is a side view of a module of a bridge in the unfolded condition, showing means for connecting adjacent modules.
In Figure 1, a bridge with a modular structure conforming to the present invention is generally indicated 1 and is formed by the connection of a plurality of sections or modules M connected together longitudinally in succession, in a releasable manner.
The bridge illustrated extends between two edges or banks B of a river R.
As particularly apparent from Figure 2, in the embodiment shown by way of example, the bridge includes a central road surface 2 delimited laterally by two parapets or sides 3. At the sides of the road surface 2, the bridge also has two pedestrian catwalks 4 the railings of which are indicated 5.
The ends of the road surface 2 are equipped with ascending and descending inclined surfaces 6.
Similarly, the ends of the pedestrian catwalks 4 are connected to ascending and descending inclined surfaces 7 provided with railings.
The structure of an individual module or section of the bridge according to the invention will now be described in greater detail.
With reference to Figures 3 to 6, a module or section M
includes two deck members 10 constituted by substantially rectangular box-type structures. These deck members are connected together by means of hinged 1~976~
articulations 11, about an axis which corresponds essentially to the middle of the bridge 1 in the mounted condition. In Figure 2, this axis is indicated X--X .
The deck members 10 of each module M can assume a folded condition for storage or transport, shown in Figure 3, and an unfolded condition of use, shown in Figures 5 and 6, in which they are disposed substantially coplanar with each other and together constitute a portion of the road surface of the bridge.
These deck members 10 may be locked in the unfolded position of use by means of the engagement of pins or similar locking means in respective hinge eyelets, indicated 12 in Figures 3 to 6. These pins and hinge eyelets together constitute locking hinges which can be disassembled.
Each module M or section of the bridge further includes two side members 13 each of which i8 connected to a deck member 10 adjacent the side of the latter opposite the articulation 11. The side members 13 located on the same side of adjacent modules M of the bridge are connected together (by means known in themselves) so as to form the sides or parapets 3 of the bridge.
The side members 13 are constituted, for example, by reticulated structures and, as shown particularly in Figures 3 to 6, are connected to respective deck members 10 by permanent hinged articulations 14. The side members can take up a collapsed condition for storage or transport shown in Figure 3, and an erect condition of use shown in Figure 6. In this latter condition, the side membeis 13 extend substantially perpendicular to the road surface formed by the deck 12976~4 members 10. In the embodiment illustrated, the side members are providea with hinge eyelets 15 and the deck members are similarly provided with hinge eyelets 16 which, in the erect condition of the side members, are aligned with the hinge eyelets 15 to allow the locking of the side members in the erect condition of use. The secure positioning of the side members in the position shown in Figure 6 is achieved by means of pins or similar locking means inserted in the hinge eyelets 15 and 16.
Each section or module M further includes a pair of tread support members 17 which, together with the corresponding members of adjacent modules, are adapted to form the tread surfaces for the pedestrian catwalks 4 mentioned above.
The tread support members 17 can also take up a closed position (Figùre 3) in which they extend substantially parallel to the associated side members 13, and an unfolded position of use (Figure 6) in which they extend perpendicular to the side members.
The tread support members 17 are articulated to the respective side members 13 by hinges, indicated 18.
The members 17 are held in the unfolded position, for example, by means of their abutment with stop surfaces of the side members 13.
A respective parapet member 20 is articulated to the free end of each tread support member 17 by means of a hinge 19. These parapet members are also able to assume a folded condition (Figure 3) in which they extend substantially parallel to the associated tread support members 17, and an erect position of use 12976~4 (Figure 6~ in which they are held in a vertical plane, for example, as a result of their fixing by screws 21 (or snap pins) to the free ends of the tread members 17.
The deck members 10, side members 13, tread members 17 and parapet members 20 of each module may conveniently be made from a light metal, such as aluminium or light alloy.
As shown in Figure 3, in the completely folded condition, each module has an extremely compact configuration. This characteristic is particularly advantageous both for storage and for transport and the setting up of the bridge.
The modules M may be connected together longitudinally in succession, for example, by means of interconnecting plates provided with fixing pins, such as those indicated 30 and 31 in Figure 7. On the other hand, as experts in the art may appreciate, various other solutions may be adopted for achieving the interconnection of the various sections or modules of the bridge.
In order to cross larger distances, the bridge according to the invention may also be made in several spans, with the use of piers or support towers.
The bridge also lends itself to being formed on pontoons.
Naturally, the principle of the invention remaining the same, the forms of embodiment and details of construction may be varied widely with respect to those 12976~4 described and illustrated purely by way of non-limiting example, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a modular bridge for military and civil uses, and in particular to a temporary bridge of the type comprising a plurality of section or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner.
The object of the present invention is to provide a modular bridge whose modules can be transported easily and can be set up extremely quickly. These and other objects are achieved according to the present invention by means of a modular bridge comprising a plurality of sections or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner, each section or module comprising: two deck members articulated together about an axis which is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the bridge in the mounted condition thereof; two side members each of which is articulated to a deck member on its side opposite the articulation between the deck members; each section or module being able to assume a folded condition for storage or transport in which the deck members and the side members are juxtaposed, and an unfolded condition of use in which the deck members are coplanar with each other and together form a portion of a road surface and the side members extend substantially perpendicular to that surface; and a tread support member articulated to at least one of the side members of each section or module and, together with the corresponding tread support members of adjacent sections or modules, being adapted to form the tread surface of a pedestrian catwalk adjacent the road surface; each tread support member being able to take up a closed position in which it extends substantially parallel to the respective side member to which it is connected and an unfolded position of use in which it extends substantially perpendicular to the side member.
'~ sd/~
129'76 ~4 Each tread support member is conveniently articulated to a respective collapsible parapet member.
IEach module in the assembly has a structure which can be folded substantially like a concertina and can quickly be set up and locked in the condition of use.
Conveniently, each module or section may be formed of aluminium or a light alloy so as to facilitate its transport and setting up.
Further characteristics and advantages of the bridge according to the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
Figures 1 and 2 are a side view and a plan view respectively of a bridge made in accordance with the pre~ent invention, Figure 3 shows a section or module of a bridge according to the invention in the folded condition for storage or transport, Figure 4 and Figure 5 show a section or module of the bridge in two different phases of unfolding for setting up, Figure 6 shows a module of the bridge in the unfolded ''`.!i sd/~ -2-12976~4 condition of use, and Figure 7 is a side view of a module of a bridge in the unfolded condition, showing means for connecting adjacent modules.
In Figure 1, a bridge with a modular structure conforming to the present invention is generally indicated 1 and is formed by the connection of a plurality of sections or modules M connected together longitudinally in succession, in a releasable manner.
The bridge illustrated extends between two edges or banks B of a river R.
As particularly apparent from Figure 2, in the embodiment shown by way of example, the bridge includes a central road surface 2 delimited laterally by two parapets or sides 3. At the sides of the road surface 2, the bridge also has two pedestrian catwalks 4 the railings of which are indicated 5.
The ends of the road surface 2 are equipped with ascending and descending inclined surfaces 6.
Similarly, the ends of the pedestrian catwalks 4 are connected to ascending and descending inclined surfaces 7 provided with railings.
The structure of an individual module or section of the bridge according to the invention will now be described in greater detail.
With reference to Figures 3 to 6, a module or section M
includes two deck members 10 constituted by substantially rectangular box-type structures. These deck members are connected together by means of hinged 1~976~
articulations 11, about an axis which corresponds essentially to the middle of the bridge 1 in the mounted condition. In Figure 2, this axis is indicated X--X .
The deck members 10 of each module M can assume a folded condition for storage or transport, shown in Figure 3, and an unfolded condition of use, shown in Figures 5 and 6, in which they are disposed substantially coplanar with each other and together constitute a portion of the road surface of the bridge.
These deck members 10 may be locked in the unfolded position of use by means of the engagement of pins or similar locking means in respective hinge eyelets, indicated 12 in Figures 3 to 6. These pins and hinge eyelets together constitute locking hinges which can be disassembled.
Each module M or section of the bridge further includes two side members 13 each of which i8 connected to a deck member 10 adjacent the side of the latter opposite the articulation 11. The side members 13 located on the same side of adjacent modules M of the bridge are connected together (by means known in themselves) so as to form the sides or parapets 3 of the bridge.
The side members 13 are constituted, for example, by reticulated structures and, as shown particularly in Figures 3 to 6, are connected to respective deck members 10 by permanent hinged articulations 14. The side members can take up a collapsed condition for storage or transport shown in Figure 3, and an erect condition of use shown in Figure 6. In this latter condition, the side membeis 13 extend substantially perpendicular to the road surface formed by the deck 12976~4 members 10. In the embodiment illustrated, the side members are providea with hinge eyelets 15 and the deck members are similarly provided with hinge eyelets 16 which, in the erect condition of the side members, are aligned with the hinge eyelets 15 to allow the locking of the side members in the erect condition of use. The secure positioning of the side members in the position shown in Figure 6 is achieved by means of pins or similar locking means inserted in the hinge eyelets 15 and 16.
Each section or module M further includes a pair of tread support members 17 which, together with the corresponding members of adjacent modules, are adapted to form the tread surfaces for the pedestrian catwalks 4 mentioned above.
The tread support members 17 can also take up a closed position (Figùre 3) in which they extend substantially parallel to the associated side members 13, and an unfolded position of use (Figure 6) in which they extend perpendicular to the side members.
The tread support members 17 are articulated to the respective side members 13 by hinges, indicated 18.
The members 17 are held in the unfolded position, for example, by means of their abutment with stop surfaces of the side members 13.
A respective parapet member 20 is articulated to the free end of each tread support member 17 by means of a hinge 19. These parapet members are also able to assume a folded condition (Figure 3) in which they extend substantially parallel to the associated tread support members 17, and an erect position of use 12976~4 (Figure 6~ in which they are held in a vertical plane, for example, as a result of their fixing by screws 21 (or snap pins) to the free ends of the tread members 17.
The deck members 10, side members 13, tread members 17 and parapet members 20 of each module may conveniently be made from a light metal, such as aluminium or light alloy.
As shown in Figure 3, in the completely folded condition, each module has an extremely compact configuration. This characteristic is particularly advantageous both for storage and for transport and the setting up of the bridge.
The modules M may be connected together longitudinally in succession, for example, by means of interconnecting plates provided with fixing pins, such as those indicated 30 and 31 in Figure 7. On the other hand, as experts in the art may appreciate, various other solutions may be adopted for achieving the interconnection of the various sections or modules of the bridge.
In order to cross larger distances, the bridge according to the invention may also be made in several spans, with the use of piers or support towers.
The bridge also lends itself to being formed on pontoons.
Naturally, the principle of the invention remaining the same, the forms of embodiment and details of construction may be varied widely with respect to those 12976~4 described and illustrated purely by way of non-limiting example, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A modular bridge comprising a plurality of sections or modules which can be connected together longitudinally in succession in a releasable manner, each section or module comprising:
two deck members articulated together about an axis which is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the bridge in the mounted condition thereof;
two side members each of which is articulated to a deck member on its side opposite the articulation between the deck members;
each section or module being able to assume a folded condition for storage or transport in which the deck members and the side members are juxtaposed, and an unfolded condition of use in which the deck members are coplanar with each other and together form a portion of a road surface and the side members extend substantially perpendicular to that surface; and a tread support member articulated to at least one of the side members of each section or module and, together with the corresponding tread support members of adjacent sections or modules, being adapted to form the tread surface of a pedestrian catwalk adjacent the road surface;
each tread support member being able to take up a closed position in which it extends substantially parallel to the respective side member to which it is connected and an unfolded position of use in which it extends substantially perpendicular to the side member.
two deck members articulated together about an axis which is parallel to a longitudinal axis of the bridge in the mounted condition thereof;
two side members each of which is articulated to a deck member on its side opposite the articulation between the deck members;
each section or module being able to assume a folded condition for storage or transport in which the deck members and the side members are juxtaposed, and an unfolded condition of use in which the deck members are coplanar with each other and together form a portion of a road surface and the side members extend substantially perpendicular to that surface; and a tread support member articulated to at least one of the side members of each section or module and, together with the corresponding tread support members of adjacent sections or modules, being adapted to form the tread surface of a pedestrian catwalk adjacent the road surface;
each tread support member being able to take up a closed position in which it extends substantially parallel to the respective side member to which it is connected and an unfolded position of use in which it extends substantially perpendicular to the side member.
2. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein the deck members and the side members together form an articulated structure which can be folded like a concertina.
3. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein the deck members of each section or module are articulated together about an axis which corresponds substantially to the middle of the bridge in the mounted condition.
4. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein the deck members are constituted by box-type structures.
5. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein the deck members of each section or module are articulated together by permanent hinges and can be locked in the respective unfolded position of use by means of hinges which can be disassembled.
6. A bridge according to Claim 5, wherein the side members of each section or module are articulated to the deck members by means of permanent hinges and can be locked in the respective position of use by means of hinges which can be disassembled.
7. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein each side member is constituted by a framework with a reticulated or like structure.
8. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein each side member of each section or module is articulated to a respective said tread support member.
9. A bridge according to Claim 1 or Claim 8, wherein a respective parapet member is articulated to each tread support member.
10. A bridge according to Claim 1, wherein each section or module is made from a material chosen from aluminum and a light-metal alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT67399-A/87 | 1987-05-08 | ||
| IT8767399A IT8767399A0 (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1987-05-08 | BRIDGE WITH MODULAR STRUCTURE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1297644C true CA1297644C (en) | 1992-03-24 |
Family
ID=11302064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000565928A Expired - Lifetime CA1297644C (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1988-05-04 | Modular bridge structure |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0290405B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63284303A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN88102708A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE69844T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8802224A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1297644C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3866421D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2027418T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3003223T3 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL86308A0 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT8767399A0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT89068157A1 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-06-24 | Giuseppe Drago | MODULAR STRUCTURE BRIDGE AND LAUNCHING PROCEDURE FOR ITS INSTALLATION |
| DE4331254C2 (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 2000-01-27 | Dornier Gmbh | bridge |
| EP0824166A3 (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-10-28 | Krupp Fördertechnik GmbH | Troughbridge |
| DE19632741C3 (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 2001-05-10 | Man Technologie Gmbh | Trough bridge |
| FR2901817B1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2015-03-27 | Deschamps A & Fils Ets | TEMPORARY BRIDGE |
| PL2064111T3 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2011-04-29 | Constructions Ind De La Mediterranee Cnim | Device for modifying the hull of a floating body and amphibious vehicle comprising such a device |
| FR2945298B1 (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2011-06-17 | Deschamps A & Fils Ets | PERFECTLY TEMPORARY BRIDGE |
| CN101906751A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-12-08 | 郑志文 | Ready-package emergency bridge and construction method for changing same into permanent bridge |
| CN102953321A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-06 | 陈云鹤 | Bridge capable of overcoming road debris flows |
| CN102373664A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-14 | 上海同济城市规划设计研究院 | Combined bridge |
| CN103452046B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-07-29 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of expandable prestressed girder bridge fast launches gathering method |
| CN103526687A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 尹佳杰 | Gap bridge easy to fold |
| CN114351585B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-06-16 | 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 | Bridge system capable of being erected continuously and rapidly |
| CN113089487B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-01-13 | 上海啸崇建设工程有限公司 | Construction method of bridge pier |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE201335C (en) * | ||||
| US2944270A (en) * | 1957-06-17 | 1960-07-12 | John J Pearse | Revolving and folding mobile floating bridge |
| DE1279052B (en) * | 1964-01-24 | 1968-10-03 | Alexandre Vaugoyeau | Transportable bridge |
| JPS6018116B2 (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1985-05-08 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | How to heat shrink the heat shrink tube to the cable connection part |
| JPS59126808A (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1984-07-21 | 日本アルミニウム工業株式会社 | Developed float bridge |
| JPS6018116U (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-07 | 日立造船株式会社 | foldable floating bridge |
| DE3342090A1 (en) * | 1983-11-22 | 1985-05-30 | Iveco Magirus AG, 7900 Ulm | Amphibious bridge and crossing vehicle |
| JPS6117605A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1986-01-25 | 防衛庁技術研究本部長 | Float bridge |
| DE3510778C3 (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1997-09-11 | Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp | Pontoon of a floating bridge |
| US4635311A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-01-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Military tactical bridge system, method and foldable modules |
-
1987
- 1987-05-08 IT IT8767399A patent/IT8767399A0/en unknown
-
1988
- 1988-05-03 DE DE8888830187T patent/DE3866421D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-03 AT AT88830187T patent/ATE69844T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-03 ES ES198888830187T patent/ES2027418T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-03 EP EP88830187A patent/EP0290405B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-04 CN CN198888102708A patent/CN88102708A/en active Pending
- 1988-05-04 CA CA000565928A patent/CA1297644C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-06 BR BR8802224A patent/BR8802224A/en unknown
- 1988-05-07 JP JP63111385A patent/JPS63284303A/en active Granted
- 1988-05-08 IL IL86308A patent/IL86308A0/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-11-28 GR GR91401778T patent/GR3003223T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR3003223T3 (en) | 1993-02-17 |
| CN88102708A (en) | 1988-11-16 |
| IL86308A0 (en) | 1988-11-15 |
| ATE69844T1 (en) | 1991-12-15 |
| IT8767399A0 (en) | 1987-05-08 |
| ES2027418T3 (en) | 1992-06-01 |
| BR8802224A (en) | 1988-12-06 |
| JPH0551724B2 (en) | 1993-08-03 |
| DE3866421D1 (en) | 1992-01-09 |
| EP0290405B1 (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| EP0290405A1 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
| JPS63284303A (en) | 1988-11-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |