CA1294131C - Process for reduction smelting of materials containing base metals - Google Patents
Process for reduction smelting of materials containing base metalsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1294131C CA1294131C CA000495510A CA495510A CA1294131C CA 1294131 C CA1294131 C CA 1294131C CA 000495510 A CA000495510 A CA 000495510A CA 495510 A CA495510 A CA 495510A CA 1294131 C CA1294131 C CA 1294131C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coke
- flame
- reduction
- fuel
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 99
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 granular Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 33
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- QUQFTIVBFKLPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxylatoethyl)disulfanyl]propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C(N)CSSCC(N)C([O-])=O QUQFTIVBFKLPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 140
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 49
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 28
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 11
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910017521 Cu Ni Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009852 extractive metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-BJUDXGSMSA-N oxygen-15 atom Chemical compound [15O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N (+)-Norgestrel Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUCORZSTKDOEKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-chloro-4-hydroxy-N-methyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-imine Chemical compound C=12C=C(Cl)C=CC2=NC(=NC)CN(O)C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 BUCORZSTKDOEKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical group CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromofos Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Br)C=C1Cl NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QFVAWNPSRQWSDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzthion Chemical compound C1N(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=S)SCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 QFVAWNPSRQWSDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003322 NiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000018210 Recoverin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076570 Recoverin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000605112 Scapanulus oweni Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000534944 Thia Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDYXSJSAMVACOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Zn].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn].[Sn] PDYXSJSAMVACOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052947 chalcocite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018459 dissociative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052949 galena Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGXCTRIQQODGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-O isodesmosine Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CCCC[N+]1=CC(CCC(N)C(O)=O)=CC(CCC(N)C(O)=O)=C1CCCC(N)C(O)=O RGXCTRIQQODGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGHCWPXPAHSSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel subsulfide Chemical compound [Ni].[Ni]=S.[Ni]=S YGHCWPXPAHSSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYWYRSMBCFDLJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nimesulide Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 HYWYRSMBCFDLJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000965 nimesulide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWUSZQUVEVMBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nimetazepam Chemical compound N=1CC(=O)N(C)C2=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GWUSZQUVEVMBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052954 pentlandite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003238 silicate melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- YALHCTUQSQRCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfane sulfuric acid Chemical compound S.OS(O)(=O)=O YALHCTUQSQRCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000495510A CA1294131C (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1985-11-18 | Process for reduction smelting of materials containing base metals |
| AU65320/86A AU583434B2 (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1986-11-17 | A process for reduction smelting of materials containing base metals |
| FI864695A FI85878C (fi) | 1985-11-18 | 1986-11-18 | Foerfarande foer reduktionssmaeltning av material innehaollande grundmetaller. |
| JP27509686A JPS62182230A (ja) | 1985-11-18 | 1986-11-18 | 卑金属を含有する材料の還元製錬法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000495510A CA1294131C (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1985-11-18 | Process for reduction smelting of materials containing base metals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1294131C true CA1294131C (en) | 1992-01-14 |
Family
ID=4131908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000495510A Expired - Lifetime CA1294131C (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1985-11-18 | Process for reduction smelting of materials containing base metals |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62182230A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AU (1) | AU583434B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1294131C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FI (1) | FI85878C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10337083B2 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2019-07-02 | 5N Plus Inc. | Processes for preparing various metals and derivatives thereof from copper- and sulfur-containing material |
| US10661346B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2020-05-26 | 5N Plus Inc. | Low melting point metal or alloy powders atomization manufacturing processes |
| US11607732B2 (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2023-03-21 | 5N Plus Inc. | High melting point metal or alloy powders atomization manufacturing processes |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EA003759B1 (ru) * | 2000-01-04 | 2003-08-28 | Оутокумпу Ойй | Способ производства черновой меди в реакторе взвешенной плавки |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4337086A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1982-06-29 | Queneau Paul Etienne | Method for decreasing metal losses in nonferrous smelting operations |
| IN164687B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1984-08-16 | 1989-05-13 | Voest Alpine Ag |
-
1985
- 1985-11-18 CA CA000495510A patent/CA1294131C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-11-17 AU AU65320/86A patent/AU583434B2/en not_active Expired
- 1986-11-18 FI FI864695A patent/FI85878C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-11-18 JP JP27509686A patent/JPS62182230A/ja active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10337083B2 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2019-07-02 | 5N Plus Inc. | Processes for preparing various metals and derivatives thereof from copper- and sulfur-containing material |
| US10661346B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2020-05-26 | 5N Plus Inc. | Low melting point metal or alloy powders atomization manufacturing processes |
| US11453056B2 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2022-09-27 | 5N Plus Inc. | Low melting point metal or alloy powders atomization manufacturing processes |
| US11607732B2 (en) | 2018-02-15 | 2023-03-21 | 5N Plus Inc. | High melting point metal or alloy powders atomization manufacturing processes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU583434B2 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
| FI864695L (fi) | 1987-05-19 |
| AU6532086A (en) | 1987-05-21 |
| JPS6411697B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1989-02-27 |
| FI85878C (fi) | 1992-06-10 |
| FI864695A0 (fi) | 1986-11-18 |
| JPS62182230A (ja) | 1987-08-10 |
| FI85878B (fi) | 1992-02-28 |
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