CA1289352C - Independent measuring apparatus for grinding machines for cylinders and the like with structural surface checking devices, and grinding machine - Google Patents
Independent measuring apparatus for grinding machines for cylinders and the like with structural surface checking devices, and grinding machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1289352C CA1289352C CA000532506A CA532506A CA1289352C CA 1289352 C CA1289352 C CA 1289352C CA 000532506 A CA000532506 A CA 000532506A CA 532506 A CA532506 A CA 532506A CA 1289352 C CA1289352 C CA 1289352C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- arms
- gage
- cylinder
- carriage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
- B21B38/12—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring roll camber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
- B24B49/04—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
An independent measuring apparatus for grinding machines for cylinders, rollers and the like, which, consists of a column supported by an independently moveable carriage on a fixed bench of the machine, on which a gage is supported. The apparatus has two mobile arms surrounding the measuring cylinder, in contact with two diametrically opposed surface areas of the same, provided with devices for tracing and transmitting the measurement, provided with motorized means of controlling the relative opening and closing movement of the arms. The column also supports a telescopic arm which can be moved toward the surface of the cylinder to be measured, having at the end facing the cylinder means of tracing at a distance from structural characteristics and defects of the cylinder itself. The fixed bench is connected laterally to the cylinder to be surveyed and the gage is provided with a slope toward the cylinder itself.
An independent measuring apparatus for grinding machines for cylinders, rollers and the like, which, consists of a column supported by an independently moveable carriage on a fixed bench of the machine, on which a gage is supported. The apparatus has two mobile arms surrounding the measuring cylinder, in contact with two diametrically opposed surface areas of the same, provided with devices for tracing and transmitting the measurement, provided with motorized means of controlling the relative opening and closing movement of the arms. The column also supports a telescopic arm which can be moved toward the surface of the cylinder to be measured, having at the end facing the cylinder means of tracing at a distance from structural characteristics and defects of the cylinder itself. The fixed bench is connected laterally to the cylinder to be surveyed and the gage is provided with a slope toward the cylinder itself.
Description
~L2~3~35Z
'I'he present invention relates to a grinding machine for cylinders with devices for tracing and for dimensional and surface checking which can move and operate during working in a way idependent of the movement of the carriage carrying the tool.
In order to carry out or repeat the grinding of cylindrical objects, such as for example cylinders for rolling mills and the like, in particular working in an automatic cycle without operators, there is a requirement for carrying out tracings of the geometry and of the surface condition of the piece during working itself in order to influence the cycle in progress as a function of that measured and to guarantee the maximum precision demanded for such work.
Such operations are carried out by means of transducers operating both in contact with the surface and at a distance from it which, in the case of the grinding machines of a known type, are mounted on the moveable carriage supporting the grinding tool, and scan the surface following the movement of the tool.
This means that the speed of scanning the piece and the speed of machining it must be the same; however, some types of tracing require scanning times substantially longer than the times required for the tool to perform a grinding pass and therefore it is necessary either to reduce the speed of working to adapt it to that required by the tracing devices, with a consequent prolongment of grinding times, or to carry out a partial tracing of the piece with incomplete scanning of its surface during each pass by the tool, arriving at its complete scanning by statistical means after a number of passes.
Furthermore, the positioning of measuring instruments in the vicinity of the tool may lead to a reduction in the life of such devices, owing to the presence oE swarf and of vapors caused by the grinding process; in addition to this, it is possible for vibrations to occur in the carriage carrying -the tool as a result of -the working, and such vibrations may be transEerred to the measuring instruments, reducing -the precision of the measurements registered by them.
There is therefore the need to provide a grinding machine which solves such problems, comprising a scanning of the piece belng worked independently of the movement of the tool which is actually carrying out the work on the piece and also keeping the tracing instruments in a guarded position, well away from possible sources of disturbance.
Such results are achieved by the present invention, which provides for an independent measuring apparatus for a grinding machine for cylinders, rollers and the like, which consists of a column suppor-ted by an independently moveable carriage on a fixed bench of the machine, on which a gage is supported, having two mobile arms surrounding a cylinder -to be measured, in contact with two diametrically opposed surface areas of said cylinder, provided with devices for tracing and transmitting a measurement, provided with motorized means of controlling a relative opening and closing movement of the arms, which column also supports a te]escopic arm which can be moved toward a surface of the cylinder to be measured, having at an end facing the cylinder means for tracing at a distance structural characteristics and defects of said cylinder, the fixed bench being connected laterally to the cylinder to be traced and the gage being provided with a slope toward said cylinder.
The moveable arms each may have, at an end in contact with the cylinder which has a given axis and is to be traced, a feeler roller of hard metal, having an axis perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder to be measured.
1~39352 Pre~erably, the gage may be rotatable with respect to the column, between a position in which the arms surround the cylinder to be measured and a position of disengagement from the cylinder, to effect an easy positi.oning and removal of the cylinder being worked on -the grinding machine on which the apparatus is mounted: for this purpose, there is on the column a rotary actuator connected by transmission means to the gage, with a gear ratio making the transmission of the movement irreversible, at least in the extreme positions of the gage itself.
The invention also provides a grinding machine comprising a longitudinally extending bed provided with means for supporting on the bed a workpiece having a cylindrical surface to be ground, a tool carriage longitudinally displaceable along the bed and provided with a grinding tool disposed vertically above the workpiece and displaceable along the surface by the carriage to grind the surface, a longitudinal bench affixed to the bed, a gage carriage displaceable along the bench independently of the tool carriage and provided with motorized drive means for displacing the gage carriage along the workpiece on the bench; an upright extending upwardly from the gage carriage and inclined inwardly toward the workpiece, a gage mounted on the upright and including a support~ a pair of gage arms mounted on the support and movable toward and away from one another to straddle the workpiece so that free ends of the arms are disposed diametrically opposite one another across the workpiece, the arms extending generally perpendicular to the upright so that the diameter across which the ends lie is inclined to the vertical, motorized drive means on the support for displacing the arms toward and away from each other, and sensing means responsive to the engagement of the ends of the arms with the workpiece for providing a measurement of the diameter of the workpiece, and a :~,~.,;,, j ,, 12~3935;~
telescoping member on t~le support be-tween the arms provided with a motorized drive enabling the end of the member to be moved toward and away from the surface of the workpiece, the end of the member being provided with at least one contactless sensor sensing for struc-tural characteristics and defects in the surface.
The grinding machine may preferably also have arms which are formed at -their ends with respective hard-metal filler rollers rollingly engageable with the surface of the workpiece and having axes of rotation perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the workpiece.
The grinding machine preferably may comprise pivot means for swingingly mounting the support on the upright for swinging movement of the arms between a gaging position in which the arms straddle the workpiece and an inoperative in which the arms extending generally parallel to an axis of rotation of said workpiece.
The grinding machine may preferably further comprise a motor driven actuator connected to the support for swingably displacing same on the pivot means with a velocity that is initially low, increases during an intermediate portion of its swing and again slows at a terminal portion of its swing.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a general perspective view of a grinder provided with the independent gage according to the invention Figure 2 shows the gage of the grinder in Figure 1, in side view;
Figure 3 shows the section according to the plane III-III of Figure 2;
Figure 4 shows the gage of Figure 2 in plan view;
Figure 5 shows the view according to the direction 12~3935;~
- 4a -V in Figure 2.
As Figure 1 shows, a grinding machine Eor cylinder provided with the gage according -to the invention comprises a rear bench 1, on which the main carriage 2 is mounted in a sliding manner relative to the axis Z and carrying the tool 3, in the form of a grinding wheel.
The carriage 2 is provided with motor.ized devices suitable for effecting the traversing controlled along the rear bench 1, for the entire working length envisaged.
The wheel 3 is supported by the respective bearing and powering devices-4, by means of which it is set in rotation and can be moved on the carriage 2 along the axis X, perpendicular to the axis Z, and lowered in the direction U, for the respective performance of the main movement of advance toward the piece and the precision advance n~
~. . ,;, ~, 12~3935;~
In parallel to the rear bench 1 there ;s also a front bench 5, on uhich are located the rests 6a, 6b for sup-port;ng the cylinder or roller to be ground 7, ind;cated by dot-dashed lines in F;gure 1, as well as a workhead 8 and a counterhead 9, having the devices for sett;ng the cylinder in rotation and for blocking the same in the longitudinal direction.
Also fixed to the front bench 5 is a third bench 10, which has guides for the sliding of a measur;ng carriage 11~ moveable along the axis V, parallel to the ax;s Z, by means of an independent motor;zed dev;ce 12, carry;ng the gage and the respective measuring devices.
The carriage 11 carries a projecting column 13, extend-;ng upward obl;quely toward the cyl;nder to be worked and on which is a gage 14 provided with measuring arms 15, between wh;ch ;t can be moved by means of a servo-motor 16 and respective means of transmission, the result of which ;s suitable for surrounding the cylinder during working and performing on it the dimensional tracing.
The gage 14 is supported by the column 13 by means of protruding tongues 17, pivoted to corresponding mountings 18 of the column 13, and is therefore rotatable laterally, as represented by the dot-dashed line in Figure 1 and, partially, in Figure 3, with the aim of taking the arms 15 of the gage beyond the area of obstruction of the roller, so that positioning and removal of the machine is permitted.
The rotation of the gage 14 is realized by means of a rotary actuator 19, prov;ded with a crank 2~, connected by means of a connecting rod 21 to the crank 22 joined to the gage; the rotary actuator 19 is intended to carry out a rotation through an angle greater than 180, while the relat;ve lengths of the cranks 20, 22 :
. .
~2~9352 are such as to determine, ;n correspondence with such rotation, a rotat;on of 90 of the gage 14. In such a way, the speed of rotation of the gage, in correspond-ence w;th a constant speed of rotation of the actuator, ;nitially increases and then decreases to a stop, avoiding excessive stresses due to the inertia o-f the masses in mot;on; moreover, the final positions assumed by the system are irreversible.
As also shown by F;gures 2 and 4, the column 13 also has a telescopic arm Z3, which can be extended close up to the cyl;nder 17 by means of a motor 24; the telescop;c arm bears at ;ts end fac;ng the cyl;nder being worked an ;nstrument 25 for measuring the structural defects of the surface of the cyl;nder and also an ;nstrument 26 for measur;ng the roughness of the cyl;nder ;tself, and pos-s;bly some further instruments operating without contact with the said cylinder.
To give further details, the bench 1û supports the moveable carr;age 11, provided w;th the actual geared motor assembly 12, bear;ng a p;n;on 27 engaging with the rack 28 of the bench 1û for determin;ng its travers-;ng along the sa;d bench.
F;xed to the carriage 11 ;s the column 13, provided with st;ffen;ng ribs 29, on wh;ch are mounted the revolv;ng mountings 18 for the gage 14.
It compr;ses a frame 30, ;n which are mounted the mount-ings 31 for the double screw 32, consisting of two por-tions 32a, 32b of oppos;te thread jo;ned by a rig;d jo;nt 33, on wh;ch are mounted the lock nuts to the ro(lers 34, firmly connected to the sl;des 3S carry;ng the bear;ngs 36 of the measur;ng arms 15 As also ;llustrated ;n F;gure 4, at one end of th;s groove 3Z ;s connected, by means of a belt dr;ve 37, --7-- ~
the servomotor 16, which governs the rotation for ;mple-menting the advancement of the arms to the cylinder being worked. Associated with the servomotor 16 are revolving means of tracing, not shown, suitable for carrying out, based on them, the measurement of the diameter of the cylinder traced, while in the frame 30 there are more prec;s;on l;m;t sw;tches 38, assoc;ated w;th cams prov;ded on the slides 35, which define the max;mum and m;nimum opening positions of the arms 15.
As Figure 3 shows, the slides 35 are slidingly mounted in the frame 30 by means of guides 39 ;nteract;ng w;th recirculating ball-bearing undercarriages 40. The arms 15 are f;xed by flexible p;ns w;thout play 41 to support 3O, and each bears at the front end 15a a feeler roller 4Z, of hard metal, with axis perpend;cular to the ax;s of the cyl;nder 7, as shown by F;gure 5; the top arm also bears the prox;m;ty sw;tches 43, suitable for trac;ng the ends of the cyl;nder 7 be;ng worked, sup-ply;ng a safety check ;n case of m;sprogramm;ng of the movement of the gage ;n the long;tud;nal d;rect;on.
The ends 15b of the arms 15 are connected to linear measuring transducers 44.
The bench 10 is provided with a slope at an angle ~ with respect to the vert;cal, of between 10 and 30, which, given the position of the bench 10 with respect to the cylinder be;ng worked 7, makes ;t possible to limit the dimens;ons of the arms and the we;ght of the structure of the gage, also keep;ng the center of gravity of the column 13 in the posit;on close to the carr;age 11, and on ;ts vertical, so as to assure the maximum stability for the gage 14 and thus guarantee greatest reliability of the measurements made.
Furthermore, the ;ncl;ned arrangement of the gage has the effect that the vibratory motions possible on ;t occur substantially ;n the direction perpendicular to 12~393~;z the diameter D of measurement shown in Figure 2, and therefore, given the contact existing between the rollers 42 and the surface of the cylinder 7 along perpendicular generatrices, such vibratory mot:ions in the end have no bearing on the precision of the measurements themselves.
Many other variants are possible within the scope of the invention with its general characteristics.
'I'he present invention relates to a grinding machine for cylinders with devices for tracing and for dimensional and surface checking which can move and operate during working in a way idependent of the movement of the carriage carrying the tool.
In order to carry out or repeat the grinding of cylindrical objects, such as for example cylinders for rolling mills and the like, in particular working in an automatic cycle without operators, there is a requirement for carrying out tracings of the geometry and of the surface condition of the piece during working itself in order to influence the cycle in progress as a function of that measured and to guarantee the maximum precision demanded for such work.
Such operations are carried out by means of transducers operating both in contact with the surface and at a distance from it which, in the case of the grinding machines of a known type, are mounted on the moveable carriage supporting the grinding tool, and scan the surface following the movement of the tool.
This means that the speed of scanning the piece and the speed of machining it must be the same; however, some types of tracing require scanning times substantially longer than the times required for the tool to perform a grinding pass and therefore it is necessary either to reduce the speed of working to adapt it to that required by the tracing devices, with a consequent prolongment of grinding times, or to carry out a partial tracing of the piece with incomplete scanning of its surface during each pass by the tool, arriving at its complete scanning by statistical means after a number of passes.
Furthermore, the positioning of measuring instruments in the vicinity of the tool may lead to a reduction in the life of such devices, owing to the presence oE swarf and of vapors caused by the grinding process; in addition to this, it is possible for vibrations to occur in the carriage carrying -the tool as a result of -the working, and such vibrations may be transEerred to the measuring instruments, reducing -the precision of the measurements registered by them.
There is therefore the need to provide a grinding machine which solves such problems, comprising a scanning of the piece belng worked independently of the movement of the tool which is actually carrying out the work on the piece and also keeping the tracing instruments in a guarded position, well away from possible sources of disturbance.
Such results are achieved by the present invention, which provides for an independent measuring apparatus for a grinding machine for cylinders, rollers and the like, which consists of a column suppor-ted by an independently moveable carriage on a fixed bench of the machine, on which a gage is supported, having two mobile arms surrounding a cylinder -to be measured, in contact with two diametrically opposed surface areas of said cylinder, provided with devices for tracing and transmitting a measurement, provided with motorized means of controlling a relative opening and closing movement of the arms, which column also supports a te]escopic arm which can be moved toward a surface of the cylinder to be measured, having at an end facing the cylinder means for tracing at a distance structural characteristics and defects of said cylinder, the fixed bench being connected laterally to the cylinder to be traced and the gage being provided with a slope toward said cylinder.
The moveable arms each may have, at an end in contact with the cylinder which has a given axis and is to be traced, a feeler roller of hard metal, having an axis perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder to be measured.
1~39352 Pre~erably, the gage may be rotatable with respect to the column, between a position in which the arms surround the cylinder to be measured and a position of disengagement from the cylinder, to effect an easy positi.oning and removal of the cylinder being worked on -the grinding machine on which the apparatus is mounted: for this purpose, there is on the column a rotary actuator connected by transmission means to the gage, with a gear ratio making the transmission of the movement irreversible, at least in the extreme positions of the gage itself.
The invention also provides a grinding machine comprising a longitudinally extending bed provided with means for supporting on the bed a workpiece having a cylindrical surface to be ground, a tool carriage longitudinally displaceable along the bed and provided with a grinding tool disposed vertically above the workpiece and displaceable along the surface by the carriage to grind the surface, a longitudinal bench affixed to the bed, a gage carriage displaceable along the bench independently of the tool carriage and provided with motorized drive means for displacing the gage carriage along the workpiece on the bench; an upright extending upwardly from the gage carriage and inclined inwardly toward the workpiece, a gage mounted on the upright and including a support~ a pair of gage arms mounted on the support and movable toward and away from one another to straddle the workpiece so that free ends of the arms are disposed diametrically opposite one another across the workpiece, the arms extending generally perpendicular to the upright so that the diameter across which the ends lie is inclined to the vertical, motorized drive means on the support for displacing the arms toward and away from each other, and sensing means responsive to the engagement of the ends of the arms with the workpiece for providing a measurement of the diameter of the workpiece, and a :~,~.,;,, j ,, 12~3935;~
telescoping member on t~le support be-tween the arms provided with a motorized drive enabling the end of the member to be moved toward and away from the surface of the workpiece, the end of the member being provided with at least one contactless sensor sensing for struc-tural characteristics and defects in the surface.
The grinding machine may preferably also have arms which are formed at -their ends with respective hard-metal filler rollers rollingly engageable with the surface of the workpiece and having axes of rotation perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the workpiece.
The grinding machine preferably may comprise pivot means for swingingly mounting the support on the upright for swinging movement of the arms between a gaging position in which the arms straddle the workpiece and an inoperative in which the arms extending generally parallel to an axis of rotation of said workpiece.
The grinding machine may preferably further comprise a motor driven actuator connected to the support for swingably displacing same on the pivot means with a velocity that is initially low, increases during an intermediate portion of its swing and again slows at a terminal portion of its swing.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a general perspective view of a grinder provided with the independent gage according to the invention Figure 2 shows the gage of the grinder in Figure 1, in side view;
Figure 3 shows the section according to the plane III-III of Figure 2;
Figure 4 shows the gage of Figure 2 in plan view;
Figure 5 shows the view according to the direction 12~3935;~
- 4a -V in Figure 2.
As Figure 1 shows, a grinding machine Eor cylinder provided with the gage according -to the invention comprises a rear bench 1, on which the main carriage 2 is mounted in a sliding manner relative to the axis Z and carrying the tool 3, in the form of a grinding wheel.
The carriage 2 is provided with motor.ized devices suitable for effecting the traversing controlled along the rear bench 1, for the entire working length envisaged.
The wheel 3 is supported by the respective bearing and powering devices-4, by means of which it is set in rotation and can be moved on the carriage 2 along the axis X, perpendicular to the axis Z, and lowered in the direction U, for the respective performance of the main movement of advance toward the piece and the precision advance n~
~. . ,;, ~, 12~3935;~
In parallel to the rear bench 1 there ;s also a front bench 5, on uhich are located the rests 6a, 6b for sup-port;ng the cylinder or roller to be ground 7, ind;cated by dot-dashed lines in F;gure 1, as well as a workhead 8 and a counterhead 9, having the devices for sett;ng the cylinder in rotation and for blocking the same in the longitudinal direction.
Also fixed to the front bench 5 is a third bench 10, which has guides for the sliding of a measur;ng carriage 11~ moveable along the axis V, parallel to the ax;s Z, by means of an independent motor;zed dev;ce 12, carry;ng the gage and the respective measuring devices.
The carriage 11 carries a projecting column 13, extend-;ng upward obl;quely toward the cyl;nder to be worked and on which is a gage 14 provided with measuring arms 15, between wh;ch ;t can be moved by means of a servo-motor 16 and respective means of transmission, the result of which ;s suitable for surrounding the cylinder during working and performing on it the dimensional tracing.
The gage 14 is supported by the column 13 by means of protruding tongues 17, pivoted to corresponding mountings 18 of the column 13, and is therefore rotatable laterally, as represented by the dot-dashed line in Figure 1 and, partially, in Figure 3, with the aim of taking the arms 15 of the gage beyond the area of obstruction of the roller, so that positioning and removal of the machine is permitted.
The rotation of the gage 14 is realized by means of a rotary actuator 19, prov;ded with a crank 2~, connected by means of a connecting rod 21 to the crank 22 joined to the gage; the rotary actuator 19 is intended to carry out a rotation through an angle greater than 180, while the relat;ve lengths of the cranks 20, 22 :
. .
~2~9352 are such as to determine, ;n correspondence with such rotation, a rotat;on of 90 of the gage 14. In such a way, the speed of rotation of the gage, in correspond-ence w;th a constant speed of rotation of the actuator, ;nitially increases and then decreases to a stop, avoiding excessive stresses due to the inertia o-f the masses in mot;on; moreover, the final positions assumed by the system are irreversible.
As also shown by F;gures 2 and 4, the column 13 also has a telescopic arm Z3, which can be extended close up to the cyl;nder 17 by means of a motor 24; the telescop;c arm bears at ;ts end fac;ng the cyl;nder being worked an ;nstrument 25 for measuring the structural defects of the surface of the cyl;nder and also an ;nstrument 26 for measur;ng the roughness of the cyl;nder ;tself, and pos-s;bly some further instruments operating without contact with the said cylinder.
To give further details, the bench 1û supports the moveable carr;age 11, provided w;th the actual geared motor assembly 12, bear;ng a p;n;on 27 engaging with the rack 28 of the bench 1û for determin;ng its travers-;ng along the sa;d bench.
F;xed to the carriage 11 ;s the column 13, provided with st;ffen;ng ribs 29, on wh;ch are mounted the revolv;ng mountings 18 for the gage 14.
It compr;ses a frame 30, ;n which are mounted the mount-ings 31 for the double screw 32, consisting of two por-tions 32a, 32b of oppos;te thread jo;ned by a rig;d jo;nt 33, on wh;ch are mounted the lock nuts to the ro(lers 34, firmly connected to the sl;des 3S carry;ng the bear;ngs 36 of the measur;ng arms 15 As also ;llustrated ;n F;gure 4, at one end of th;s groove 3Z ;s connected, by means of a belt dr;ve 37, --7-- ~
the servomotor 16, which governs the rotation for ;mple-menting the advancement of the arms to the cylinder being worked. Associated with the servomotor 16 are revolving means of tracing, not shown, suitable for carrying out, based on them, the measurement of the diameter of the cylinder traced, while in the frame 30 there are more prec;s;on l;m;t sw;tches 38, assoc;ated w;th cams prov;ded on the slides 35, which define the max;mum and m;nimum opening positions of the arms 15.
As Figure 3 shows, the slides 35 are slidingly mounted in the frame 30 by means of guides 39 ;nteract;ng w;th recirculating ball-bearing undercarriages 40. The arms 15 are f;xed by flexible p;ns w;thout play 41 to support 3O, and each bears at the front end 15a a feeler roller 4Z, of hard metal, with axis perpend;cular to the ax;s of the cyl;nder 7, as shown by F;gure 5; the top arm also bears the prox;m;ty sw;tches 43, suitable for trac;ng the ends of the cyl;nder 7 be;ng worked, sup-ply;ng a safety check ;n case of m;sprogramm;ng of the movement of the gage ;n the long;tud;nal d;rect;on.
The ends 15b of the arms 15 are connected to linear measuring transducers 44.
The bench 10 is provided with a slope at an angle ~ with respect to the vert;cal, of between 10 and 30, which, given the position of the bench 10 with respect to the cylinder be;ng worked 7, makes ;t possible to limit the dimens;ons of the arms and the we;ght of the structure of the gage, also keep;ng the center of gravity of the column 13 in the posit;on close to the carr;age 11, and on ;ts vertical, so as to assure the maximum stability for the gage 14 and thus guarantee greatest reliability of the measurements made.
Furthermore, the ;ncl;ned arrangement of the gage has the effect that the vibratory motions possible on ;t occur substantially ;n the direction perpendicular to 12~393~;z the diameter D of measurement shown in Figure 2, and therefore, given the contact existing between the rollers 42 and the surface of the cylinder 7 along perpendicular generatrices, such vibratory mot:ions in the end have no bearing on the precision of the measurements themselves.
Many other variants are possible within the scope of the invention with its general characteristics.
Claims (4)
1. A grinding machine comprising:
a longitudinally extending bed provided with means for supporting on said bed a workpiece having a cylindrical surface to be ground;
a tool carriage longitudinally displaceable along said bed and provided with a grinding tool disposed vertically above said workpiece and displaceable along said surface by said carriage to grind said surface;
a longitudinal bench affixed to said bed;
a gage carriage displaceable along said bench independently of said tool carriage and provided with motorized drive means for displacing said gage carriage along said workpiece on said bench;
an upright extending upwardly from said gage carriage and inclined inwardly toward said workpiece;
a gage mounted on said upright and including:
a support, a pair of gage arms mounted on said support and movable toward and away from one another to straddle said workpiece so that free ends of said arms are disposed diametrically opposite one another across said workpiece, said arms extending generally perpendicular to said upright so that the diameter across which said ends lie is inclined to the vertical, motorized drive means on said support for displacing said arms toward and away from each other, and sensing means responsive to the engagement of said ends of said arms with said workpiece for providing a measurement of the diameter of said workpiece; and a telescoping member on said support between said arms provided with a motorized drive enabling said end of said member to be moved toward and away from said surface of said workpiece, said end of said member being provided with at least one contactless sensor sensing for structural characteristics and defects in said surface.
a longitudinally extending bed provided with means for supporting on said bed a workpiece having a cylindrical surface to be ground;
a tool carriage longitudinally displaceable along said bed and provided with a grinding tool disposed vertically above said workpiece and displaceable along said surface by said carriage to grind said surface;
a longitudinal bench affixed to said bed;
a gage carriage displaceable along said bench independently of said tool carriage and provided with motorized drive means for displacing said gage carriage along said workpiece on said bench;
an upright extending upwardly from said gage carriage and inclined inwardly toward said workpiece;
a gage mounted on said upright and including:
a support, a pair of gage arms mounted on said support and movable toward and away from one another to straddle said workpiece so that free ends of said arms are disposed diametrically opposite one another across said workpiece, said arms extending generally perpendicular to said upright so that the diameter across which said ends lie is inclined to the vertical, motorized drive means on said support for displacing said arms toward and away from each other, and sensing means responsive to the engagement of said ends of said arms with said workpiece for providing a measurement of the diameter of said workpiece; and a telescoping member on said support between said arms provided with a motorized drive enabling said end of said member to be moved toward and away from said surface of said workpiece, said end of said member being provided with at least one contactless sensor sensing for structural characteristics and defects in said surface.
2. The grinding machine defined in claim 1, wherein said arms are formed at their ends with respective hard-metal filler rollers rollingly engageable with said surface of said workpiece and having axes of rotation perpendicular to an axis of rotation of said workpiece.
3. The grinding machine defined in claim 1, further comprising pivot means for swingingly mounting said support on said upright for swinging movement of said arms between a gaging position i which said arms straddle said workpiece and an inoperative in which said arms extending generally parallel to an axis of rotation of said workpiece.
4. The grinding machine defined in claim 3, further comprising a motor driven actuator connected to said support for swingably displacing same on said pivot means with a velocity that is initially low, increases during an intermediate portion of its swing and again slows at a terminal portion of its swing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT19819/86A IT1191690B (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | INDEPENDENT MEASURING APPARATUS FOR GRINDING MACHINES FOR CYLINDERS AND SIMILAR WITH STRUCTURAL AND SURFACE CONTROL BODIES |
| IT19819A/86 | 1986-03-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1289352C true CA1289352C (en) | 1991-09-24 |
Family
ID=11161538
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000532506A Expired - Lifetime CA1289352C (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1987-03-19 | Independent measuring apparatus for grinding machines for cylinders and the like with structural surface checking devices, and grinding machine |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4807400A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0238137B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0825141B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1289352C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3788813T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2048153T3 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1191690B (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1213698B (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-12-29 | Marposs Spa | LARGE FIELD APPARATUS FOR THE CONTROL OF LINEAR DIMENSIONS OF PIECES |
| US5007204A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1991-04-16 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Company Limited | Apparatus for shaping ingots into right circular cylindrical form |
| FR2665526A1 (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1992-02-07 | Meseltron Sa | DEVICE FOR MEASURING DIAMETERS OF CYLINDRICAL PARTS DURING PROCESSING. |
| JP2772446B2 (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1998-07-02 | オークマ株式会社 | Grinder |
| DE19543626B4 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 2005-02-10 | Maschinenfabrik Herkules Hans Thoma Gmbh | Gauge for a grinding machine |
| US5551906A (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-09-03 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America Inc. | Caliper assembly for grinder |
| US6099384A (en) * | 1998-05-27 | 2000-08-08 | K&P Microsystems, Inc. | Side-shifting measurement device for a grinding machine |
| US6159074A (en) * | 1999-01-07 | 2000-12-12 | Kube; Samuel C. | Caliper assembly for a grinding machine |
| JP4487387B2 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2010-06-23 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Roundness measuring device |
| US6200204B1 (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-13 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. | Roll grinder with vibration dampening |
| JP2002168616A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Tool for measuring peripheral face shape of roll type article |
| JP4923549B2 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2012-04-25 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Mounting structure for sizing equipment |
| DE102009032353A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-09-08 | Hommel-Etamic Gmbh | Method for determining the shape of a workpiece |
| DE102009042252B4 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2014-03-06 | Jenoptik Industrial Metrology Germany Gmbh | measuring device |
| DE102010013069B4 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2012-12-06 | Hommel-Etamic Gmbh | measuring device |
| IT1401502B1 (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2013-07-26 | Tenova Spa | CALIBRATION DEVICE FOR DIAMETER GAUGES AND OTHER GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CYLINDERS |
| DE102010035147B4 (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2016-07-28 | Jenoptik Industrial Metrology Germany Gmbh | measuring device |
| ES2784149T3 (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2020-09-22 | Balance Systems Srl | Measuring device including workpiece gauge |
| DE102012018580B4 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2015-06-11 | Jenoptik Industrial Metrology Germany Gmbh | Measuring device and measuring method for in-process measurement on test specimens during a machining operation on a processing machine, in particular a grinding machine |
| US9182209B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-10 | Epoch Concepts, LLC | Methods for measuring distance |
| CN112139938A (en) * | 2020-11-07 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽芜湖海螺建筑安装工程有限责任公司 | Floating type online grinding equipment applied to rotary kiln wheel belt |
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| US2281817A (en) * | 1940-03-21 | 1942-05-05 | Churchill Machine Tool Co Ltd | Work gauging instrument for precision grinding machines |
| US3088250A (en) * | 1961-10-18 | 1963-05-07 | Farrel Birmingham Co Inc | Automated roll grinder |
| US3109265A (en) * | 1962-01-18 | 1963-11-05 | Cincinnati Milling Machine Co | In-process workpiece gaging device |
| US3391497A (en) * | 1964-11-17 | 1968-07-09 | Farrel Corp | Roll grinding and gaging apparatus |
| US3353302A (en) * | 1965-11-23 | 1967-11-21 | Mesta Machine Co | Roll grinders |
| US3568372A (en) * | 1967-12-15 | 1971-03-09 | Toyoda Machine Works Ltd | Sizing device for effecting sizing over a wide range |
| GB1261071A (en) * | 1969-01-27 | 1972-01-19 | Wiggins Teape Res Dev | Improvements in or relating to grinding machines |
| US3596410A (en) * | 1969-02-17 | 1971-08-03 | Litton Industries Inc | Machine tool with retractable combined chordal gage and lateral locator |
| US3603044A (en) * | 1969-06-10 | 1971-09-07 | Litton Industries Inc | Gauge mechanism for grinding machines |
| JPS496863B1 (en) * | 1970-09-21 | 1974-02-16 | ||
| IT940276B (en) * | 1971-12-07 | 1973-02-10 | Marposs App Elett | CONTROL METHOD FOR A MACHINE NA TOOL IN PARTICULAR FOR A GRINDING MACHINE |
| CS166972B1 (en) * | 1973-04-06 | 1976-03-29 | ||
| US3851396A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1974-12-03 | Giddings & Lewis | Measuring gage for turning machines and the like |
| US3887857A (en) * | 1973-11-19 | 1975-06-03 | Inductosyn Corp | Measuring apparatus for machine tool systems |
| JPS5511262B2 (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1980-03-24 | ||
| JPS527872A (en) * | 1975-07-10 | 1977-01-21 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Process for producing neutral dry granules from acidic solution or slu rry |
| US4077163A (en) * | 1976-07-28 | 1978-03-07 | Usm Corporation | Pivot mechanism for grinding wheel infeed |
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| JPS5834746A (en) * | 1981-08-20 | 1983-03-01 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Control apparatus for roll grinding machine |
| US4480412A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-11-06 | Litton Industrial Products, Inc. | In-process grinding gage |
| US4524546A (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1985-06-25 | Armco Inc | Roll profile gauge |
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| DD232976A1 (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1986-02-12 | Karl Marx Stadt Tech Hochschul | AUTOMATIC MULTI-POINT MEASURING DEVICE, PREFERABLY TO ROTATION SYMMETRIC PARTS AND HOLES |
-
1986
- 1986-03-20 IT IT19819/86A patent/IT1191690B/en active
-
1987
- 1987-03-12 EP EP87200459A patent/EP0238137B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-12 ES ES87200459T patent/ES2048153T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-12 DE DE3788813T patent/DE3788813T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-19 CA CA000532506A patent/CA1289352C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-20 US US07/028,478 patent/US4807400A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-03-20 JP JP62067711A patent/JPH0825141B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1191690B (en) | 1988-03-23 |
| IT8619819A0 (en) | 1986-03-20 |
| IT8619819A1 (en) | 1987-09-20 |
| EP0238137A2 (en) | 1987-09-23 |
| EP0238137B1 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
| JPH0825141B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| ES2048153T3 (en) | 1994-03-16 |
| JPS6362674A (en) | 1988-03-18 |
| US4807400A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| DE3788813D1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| EP0238137A3 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
| DE3788813T2 (en) | 1994-07-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |