CA1276097C - Process and reagent for determining the fibrinolytic state of plasma - Google Patents
Process and reagent for determining the fibrinolytic state of plasmaInfo
- Publication number
- CA1276097C CA1276097C CA000499236A CA499236A CA1276097C CA 1276097 C CA1276097 C CA 1276097C CA 000499236 A CA000499236 A CA 000499236A CA 499236 A CA499236 A CA 499236A CA 1276097 C CA1276097 C CA 1276097C
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- fibrin
- reagent
- thrombin
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- fibrinogen
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- G01N2333/4623—Snake venom from Agkistrodon sp., e.g. acutase, ACTE from Agkistrodon rhodostama (Malayan pit viper); Arvin (R); Batroboxin; Ancrod
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- G01N2333/745—Assays involving non-enzymic blood coagulation factors
- G01N2333/75—Fibrin; Fibrinogen
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- G01N2333/972—Plasminogen activators
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- G01N2333/972—Plasminogen activators
- G01N2333/9726—Tissue plasminogen activator
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Process and reagent for determining the fibrinolytic state of plasma The present invention provides a process for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, wherein to a native plasma sample a) there is added an amount of fibrin sufficient for the achievement of turbidity formation or this is produced in situ and the turbidity or the fibrin fission products formed measured or b) there is added a chromogenic plasmin substrate and an amount of fibrin insufficient for turbidity formation, fibrinogen fission products or an enzyme producing fibrin in situ and the colour formed is measured.
The present invention also provides a reagent for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, wherein it contains plasminogen activator, thrombin or thrombin-like enzyme and buffer.
Process and reagent for determining the fibrinolytic state of plasma The present invention provides a process for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, wherein to a native plasma sample a) there is added an amount of fibrin sufficient for the achievement of turbidity formation or this is produced in situ and the turbidity or the fibrin fission products formed measured or b) there is added a chromogenic plasmin substrate and an amount of fibrin insufficient for turbidity formation, fibrinogen fission products or an enzyme producing fibrin in situ and the colour formed is measured.
The present invention also provides a reagent for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, wherein it contains plasminogen activator, thrombin or thrombin-like enzyme and buffer.
Description
~ h~ present inventi~n i~ conc:erned lrrith a pro~e~
and a reagent for the d~ter~inatiorl of the fibrinolytic state o~ pla~ma.
~ibrinolysis i~ th~ counter rea~:tio~ o blood 5 coagulation. In th-3 ca~e of blood coagulation, from fibrillogen there ari~e~J under ~he influenc:e of the enzyme thrombin, fibrin m~nom~r which, under the influence of calcium ion~ arld oth~r fac:tor~, polyr~erises to gi~e ~rl insoluble fr~ework of l:ibrin. q!he re~sultant 10 fibrin mol~cules bring about a con301idation of the bloo~ ~lot3. 5inc:~ thi~ proces~ o~ fibrin formation takes pla~:e co~inuou~ly in the blos~d ~r3s~el sy~tem, a courlter 8y tem, the 1~ibrinolytic: ~y~tem, i8 al~o on inuou~ly a~tiv~ in order to l?r~vent th0 inadvertent 15 forrnation o~ thror~i~ ~!his fibrinolytic sy~tem leads, under ~he influence o~ pla~miYlogen activator, to the fo~ation of plasmi~ frora. pla~rDlnog~n and pla~i~
bxing~ abou'c th~ di~solving of ~Eibrin Wit}l t~e formation of fibrin fi~sion products. ~h~ d~ter~inatio~ ~f the 20 fibrinolytis: ~tate of a pla~ma i~, hereforec o~ great i~ortance ~or the a~e~ t of ~he darlçlsr o thrombo~e3.
Test ~ethods are alxeady known which srtea~ur~ the ~pc)ntaneous fibrinolytic activiky of blood or pla~a or the fibrinolytic reaction to ~timulant3 which liberate 25 pla~minogen activator from the blood ve~3el wall~" It i~ hereby nece~ary to ~xclude the action of pla3ma inhibitor~ whicho in practice" however, nsually only , ~.2~
tak2~ place inadequatetly a~d, 21t ~he ~ ime, al80 ~aeans an arti~ieial c:hang~ o the IBalllpl~o I~ the ca~e oî the dete~nation of the e~glo~uli~
ly3.i~ time, citra~e pla~ma i~ 3ed a~ ~star~ing material.
5 q~ ~ixed with acetic acid and ce~trifuged off.
q!he precipitate i8 dis~ lvedl in buffer and ~3ixed ~th thronibi~. It i8 ine:llbated at 37Co an~ the time measur~d up to the di æ~ol~ing of the clot. q~h~ mea~ure-ment ti~e i~ hereby admitt~3dly P~ub~tantially ~hortened 10 but ~here i~3 hereby determi~æd an in vitro ~ibrinoly1i~
activity which does ~lOt necessarily cor~elate with th~
in vivo activity.
~ Qe~rs~oreO proce~ e3 hav6! alr~ady }~een developed which are carried out tqithout the ~limination of the 15 pla~ma inhibitor~ ach a ~2thod i~, ~or ~Xa~ 9 ~he determination of the whole blood ly8i ~ tiR~e .
q~u~, ir tha ~ase of ~he detennination of ~he ~ole blcod ly~i ti~e, whole b}ood i8 mixed wi~h thrombin" the c:lot formed i~ incubated at 37&. and 20 ~he ti~e up to it~ di3solving i8 mea~ured., In the ca~e of nonnal ~ralues, this ti~e doe~ not amoun~ to less than 24 hours. ~i9 method i~, there~ore, time-con~uming,l cannot be automated alld can only be used for a rough a~es~ment of the fibrinolytic ~tate. An 25 abnormally low fibrinolytic activity cannot be deter-mined at all.
_4 Some~at ~hort2r tim~q are obtai~ed when ~rorking ~th diluted blood bu~ the a~ove-mentioned di~advantage~, however, ~till remainO
Preci~e re~ults are ~aid to ~e ~providetd }:~y the 5 ~o-called fibrin plate te~t ~ich u~3ea citrate pla~ma or r~u3pend~d euglob~lin precipitates. Ill ~hi~ cas~, the main di~advanta~ th~ lo~g i:ncubation time o~
1~ hc>urs at 37C.
q~here:EoraO i~t ~g an ob~ect of the lpre~ent 10 inventio~ to provide a global fibri~oly~ est which avoids the disadvantage~ of th~ above-mentioned ~o~
m~thodP- a~d, in particular, giVe9 re~3ults in a relati-wly short ti~ne which dependably refl~ct the in vivo state, which can be automalted a~d whic:h can be 15 e~aluated photomQtxically.
~ uc~ according to ~he p~esen inventionO Ithere i8 provided a pros:e~ ~or the deten~rlatior, of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, w~erei~ to a ~ative plasma sample a3 there i3 added a~ aEount of fibrin suffici~nt for turbidity formation or thi~ i~ produced in ~itu and the turbidity or the ibrin fi~s~o~ product~
formed mea~ured or b) there i8 added a chromogenic pla~min ~ubstrate and 2$ an amount of fibrin insufficient for turbidity for~ation, fibrinoge~ i~ion product~ or an enzym~ producing fibrin in ~itu and ~he colour formed iR mea~ured~
, . .
By turbidity m~a~ure~entg ~thin the ~cope of the pr~ ent inventio~ there i~; thereby to ~e under-stood th~ mea~urex~ent of ~he turbidity d~s::rea~e or il~crea~e per uni'c tim~ he mea~3urement of th2 time 5 up to the achieve~ent of the turbldity maximum or the mea3urement of the time up to t;he achievem~nt of a partl c:ular turbidity de~:reaRe or increa~3e, referred to the tur~idity maximum~, A co~bination OI the po33ibllitie~3 of measureEu~nt ~an al BO be u~3ed. ~he 10 time up to th~ ach~eYement of a def inite tllr~idity decrea~e or thç~ time up to the ac:hievemant of the turbidity maxim7~ specially preferably ~easured.
c:olour m4asurement car~ take place by a kinetic moni~orin~ o the c:olour ~Eormation, the 15 extinction change per unit ti~ne ~h~re~ being de~e~ined~, In the ~a~ way~ th~ extinction achîeved after a pre-determined period of time can be determined or the colour formation reaction can be ~topped a:Eter a pre-d~te~mlned period o~ tims and ~he ~olour for~ed then m~a~ured later at any de3ired ti~e~
The measure~ent of ~he fibrin fi~ion product~
formed can be carried out with commercially available te~t reagents or proce~se~. ~xample3 include the ~ clumping test (manufacturer: ~o~hringer ~annhelm ¢mbH) or imm~nological proce~ses~ for exa~ple, via a~tibody-coated latex particles (manufacturer:
Wellcome Corp.3.
76~37 ~ he stopping of th~ ~olour forr~ation re~ction c;~ tak~ place b~ m~an~ of the addition of appropriate inhibitor~3, preferably of pla~min inhibitor3 or acids, for exan~le acetic acid or ~itxic acid. The time up 5 to the achi~vement o a definite extirlctiorl i~3 prefer-ably m~asllr~ad.
The above-defined proce~3~ a~c!ording to the pre~ent inv~rltion give~ a determination of the hyperfibrino~yti~
ac:tivity of pla~rQa. Plasminogen activator~ already 10 pre~ent in or forming in the pla~3ma thereby initiate the reaction., q~ e~bodiment of t.he proce~ accordin to the pre ~3nt in~rention i~ e~pel::ially u~eful for monitoring a ~ibrinoly~i~ therapy. With it, ~here can ~ a3certained how the fibri~olytic ~tate of ~e native 15 pla~ hanges in the course of the therapy~
Furthermore ~, according to a further e}libodiment of the proce~ according to the pre~en~ inv~ntion, a definite amount of pla~3minogen ac:tivator i~ added, therapeutically ~ed concerltration~s thereby preferably 20 bei~g e~ployed. In the ca~e of thi~ en~bodiment oiE the proce3s, there i;3 determined the po~ible reac~ts~ity of the plasma in the presence of de~inite asnount~ o plasminogen activator. q~his is espec:ially i~portant iEor the inl:roduction of a fibrinoly~iq therapyO It 25 can thereby be a3certained how the fibrinolytic ~tate of t:hs pla~ma changes ~en the therapeutic intended for the fibrinolysia therapy, for example t-PA tl~PA3 .
~LZ~ 7 urokina~e or ~treptokina~e, i ~ addedl.
Acc:ording to a preferred embodiment, the fibrin i~ produced in ~3itu by the addition of throrr~bin or of a ~hrombin-lik~ enzymeO ~uch a~3 ba~roxobin or arvin.
A~ fibrinogen fi~ion product~, t~ho~3e are prefer-ably u~ed which are o~taiJled by the treatment of ~ibrinogen wi~h cyanogen bromide (s,ee I.~.. Verheijen, q~hro~ Iaer~stas9 48, 266-269/1982). Concentration~
of 10 to 150 ~ g./ml., are pref~rably added<.
Fibrin nomers are prepared by treating fibrinogen with bi~troxobin, inactivation sf the batroxobin with diisopropyl fluorolphs~phate and removal and 9U~9e~UIellt di3~01ving of the fibrin c:lot in 1 to 3 molar urea ~olution. Concentration3 of 1 to 100 ~-Lg/ml.
of fibrin ~nom~r are prefe~rably u~ed.
A3 chromogen~ c plasmin substrats ~ there can be u~ed any pla~min substrate from ~ich, by the ac~tion of pla~m~nJ there i~ ~plit of a group ~uitable for the ~:olour forsQation. P~ colvur-fornu n9 group~, ther~
can hereby be used those w~ich can be directly Nleasured photometrically, for example nitroaniline, dinitroaniline and the derivative~ thereof, a~ ~ell a~ ~ho~e col~ound~
which bring about a colour formation by reaction with a further component. ~xa~ple3 herefor are~
In the case of the embodiment of the proce~s according to tha present invention wnth the addition of a pla~m~nogen activator, a~ pla~minogen activator ~here ~.;27~
.
< --8--can be used E:l?A ~extrin~ pla~ninogen activator t-PA~, urokiIlase or ~treptokinase~. A preferred c:hromogerli~
pla~miR ~ubstrate 1~ To~-Gly-Pro-Ly~ -nitroanili~e.
~he process according to the pre~ent ixlvention ~an be carried out at any de~ired ter~perat~re of from abotlt 20 to 40C.
q~he pre~ent inve3ltion al~o provide~ a reaç~ent :Eor ~he dets~nation of the fibrinolytic :3tate of pla~ma, which can be u~ed for c~arrying Ollt the proce~3 ac~ording to the pre~ent in~rention, ~hi~ reagent con-taining a plaæminogen ac:tivator, thrombin or a thromibirl-like enzyme and ~uff~r.
In~tead of thrombin or a thrombin-like enzyme, the reage~t can al~o contain fibrir~ fi~ion product~
or flbrin ~non~mer.
If tha reagent according to the pre e~t invention is intended for variant b) of the proces~ accoxding to t~e present invention, i.e~ the :olour mea~urement, it additionally contairl~ a ::hro~ogenic pla~min ~ubstrate.
A~cording to a preferred embodiment, the reagent according to the pre~en invention al~o contain~ at Lea t one sub~tance of the group polyethylene glycol, non-ionic ~urface-active agents and bovine ~erum albumin.
In the ca~e of one embodiment of the reagent according to the pre~nt invention, it contains ~PA, batroxobin, tris bu~fer (pH 7 to 8), polyethy}ene glycol and non-ionic Rurface-active agent.
2~
.. . g For the colour m~a3ur~ment" thi~3 reagent prefer-ably contains, in~tead of the batroxobin~ fibrinogen fis:3ion p~3duct~ prepared by treating ~ibrinogen wi~h c:yanogen bro~nide or, in~tead thereof, fibrin monom~r 5 or al90 q~o~l-Gly-Pro-Ly~3-p-nitroanilin0.
For the i~dlvidual co~pon~3nt~ of the reagent according to the pre~ent ir~vention, the ~tatements ma~le ~aereiDbefore in co~ection with the explanation of the proce~3 al~30 apply ~orrespondingly.
~he ~ollo~,ring E~ nplec~ are givell for the purpo5e of illu3tratinçl ~he pre~ent in~ention, re~erenc~ being mad~ to the aceor~panying draw:i~}g~ in ~ich Fig.. 1 i~ a calibration c:u:r~e for a tllrbidity t~3t with ~:PA a~
pla~nogen ac:tivator.
15 ~.
~_.
Reagent compo~ition:
tris Ei(:l, 0.1 mol/l., p~I 7.5 polyethylen~ glycol 60Q0, 296 by wt~, ~urfa~:e-active agellt (~ewee~ 80), 0.1% by wt.
bovine 9erllDII albumin (BSA), 1% by ~t.
batroxobin, 0.02 BE/ml.
BPA (~:).01 ~ ng./r~l. per test bats:h),.
Te~t batch: 50 ~1. sa~le (plasma) 1000 ~Ll. reagent.
Reagent and san~le are mixed at 25&., ar~d the turbidity i~ monitored immediately on a p~otometer at ~- 334 nm.
~ , .
r ~l 27~
~ he extinction change i~ recorded orl a recoxdin~a desTice (pape:r tran~;post û.l cm~./mi~. )..
qhe production of a ~alibratior~ ~urve ta~e~
plac:e either by deterlllining th~ tin~e~ tl up to which 5 ~he turbidity maxint~ s aLchie!~d ( Pig. 1, curve 1 ) or the time t2 until Q ~tarting ~ron~ the turbidity max:L~, an extinction decrea~e of 100 ~ h~3 ta~en place (FiS~. 1, cur~e 2 ~ .
10 A~ ~ ~--~
The r~aS~ent Co~po9it:LoDl,~ te~t batch and carrying out of ~he te~t corre~pond to ~ ple 1 ~ut, instead of 13PA, str*ptokilla~e or urokina~;e i~ added in differ-lrly concentration~.
q!he followiIlg re~3ult~ r~a thereby obtained:
a _ __ __ __ __ ___ __ concentration O 0~ 05 0.10 0.15 o, 20 0. 25 ~U~ml. test batch ~_ __ __ __ __ .__ __ 2~ tl [mi~ 55 40 3605 17.0 15.0 1û.5 ( c~ . Exa~le 1~
___ __ , ~__ __ ,,,,, _, t2 ~ ] oo 35 27 23 15 14 (cf . ~xan~le 1 ) - .. __ __ __ __ b) Urokina~e ~ _ _ ~ __ ___, ~__ con entration 0 10 50 100 200 300 400 ~_ _ __ __. __ ._ _ tl [mi~ 6~ 50 23.5 16.5 12.~ 9~5 8~5 ~_ __ ,__ ~ . __,. _ t~ _ 55 13 7.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 Reagent compo~ition:
tri~/HCl, 0.1 mol~l., pH 7.5 polyethylene gly~ol 6000, ~% by wt~
Tween ao~ 0.1% b~ wt.
BSA; 1% by wt.
~PA. 0.01 to 10 ~gr~ml. t~t batch BrC~ fragment~ of fibrin, 75 ~g~/ml.
pla~mi~ substrate To -~ly-Pro Ly~-p~A, 0.15 mm~l/l.
~e~t batch: 50 ~1~ ~ample (~la~ma) 1000 ~1. reagent Reagent and sample are ~ixed at 25C. and ~he colour fonmatio~ monitored on a photo~eter at A= 405 n~.
The extinction change is r~corded with a recording device (paper tran~port 0.1 cm~/min.3. The time t3 i~ mea~ured until, ~tarting from the ba~e line (reagent bla~k), an extinction increase of 100 m~ i8 achieved. The follown.ng results are obtained:
~ - -concentration of EPA 0.048 0.119 0.238 0.475 ~_ __ __ ___ e~ ] 118 58 36 24
and a reagent for the d~ter~inatiorl of the fibrinolytic state o~ pla~ma.
~ibrinolysis i~ th~ counter rea~:tio~ o blood 5 coagulation. In th-3 ca~e of blood coagulation, from fibrillogen there ari~e~J under ~he influenc:e of the enzyme thrombin, fibrin m~nom~r which, under the influence of calcium ion~ arld oth~r fac:tor~, polyr~erises to gi~e ~rl insoluble fr~ework of l:ibrin. q!he re~sultant 10 fibrin mol~cules bring about a con301idation of the bloo~ ~lot3. 5inc:~ thi~ proces~ o~ fibrin formation takes pla~:e co~inuou~ly in the blos~d ~r3s~el sy~tem, a courlter 8y tem, the 1~ibrinolytic: ~y~tem, i8 al~o on inuou~ly a~tiv~ in order to l?r~vent th0 inadvertent 15 forrnation o~ thror~i~ ~!his fibrinolytic sy~tem leads, under ~he influence o~ pla~miYlogen activator, to the fo~ation of plasmi~ frora. pla~rDlnog~n and pla~i~
bxing~ abou'c th~ di~solving of ~Eibrin Wit}l t~e formation of fibrin fi~sion products. ~h~ d~ter~inatio~ ~f the 20 fibrinolytis: ~tate of a pla~ma i~, hereforec o~ great i~ortance ~or the a~e~ t of ~he darlçlsr o thrombo~e3.
Test ~ethods are alxeady known which srtea~ur~ the ~pc)ntaneous fibrinolytic activiky of blood or pla~a or the fibrinolytic reaction to ~timulant3 which liberate 25 pla~minogen activator from the blood ve~3el wall~" It i~ hereby nece~ary to ~xclude the action of pla3ma inhibitor~ whicho in practice" however, nsually only , ~.2~
tak2~ place inadequatetly a~d, 21t ~he ~ ime, al80 ~aeans an arti~ieial c:hang~ o the IBalllpl~o I~ the ca~e oî the dete~nation of the e~glo~uli~
ly3.i~ time, citra~e pla~ma i~ 3ed a~ ~star~ing material.
5 q~ ~ixed with acetic acid and ce~trifuged off.
q!he precipitate i8 dis~ lvedl in buffer and ~3ixed ~th thronibi~. It i8 ine:llbated at 37Co an~ the time measur~d up to the di æ~ol~ing of the clot. q~h~ mea~ure-ment ti~e i~ hereby admitt~3dly P~ub~tantially ~hortened 10 but ~here i~3 hereby determi~æd an in vitro ~ibrinoly1i~
activity which does ~lOt necessarily cor~elate with th~
in vivo activity.
~ Qe~rs~oreO proce~ e3 hav6! alr~ady }~een developed which are carried out tqithout the ~limination of the 15 pla~ma inhibitor~ ach a ~2thod i~, ~or ~Xa~ 9 ~he determination of the whole blood ly8i ~ tiR~e .
q~u~, ir tha ~ase of ~he detennination of ~he ~ole blcod ly~i ti~e, whole b}ood i8 mixed wi~h thrombin" the c:lot formed i~ incubated at 37&. and 20 ~he ti~e up to it~ di3solving i8 mea~ured., In the ca~e of nonnal ~ralues, this ti~e doe~ not amoun~ to less than 24 hours. ~i9 method i~, there~ore, time-con~uming,l cannot be automated alld can only be used for a rough a~es~ment of the fibrinolytic ~tate. An 25 abnormally low fibrinolytic activity cannot be deter-mined at all.
_4 Some~at ~hort2r tim~q are obtai~ed when ~rorking ~th diluted blood bu~ the a~ove-mentioned di~advantage~, however, ~till remainO
Preci~e re~ults are ~aid to ~e ~providetd }:~y the 5 ~o-called fibrin plate te~t ~ich u~3ea citrate pla~ma or r~u3pend~d euglob~lin precipitates. Ill ~hi~ cas~, the main di~advanta~ th~ lo~g i:ncubation time o~
1~ hc>urs at 37C.
q~here:EoraO i~t ~g an ob~ect of the lpre~ent 10 inventio~ to provide a global fibri~oly~ est which avoids the disadvantage~ of th~ above-mentioned ~o~
m~thodP- a~d, in particular, giVe9 re~3ults in a relati-wly short ti~ne which dependably refl~ct the in vivo state, which can be automalted a~d whic:h can be 15 e~aluated photomQtxically.
~ uc~ according to ~he p~esen inventionO Ithere i8 provided a pros:e~ ~or the deten~rlatior, of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, w~erei~ to a ~ative plasma sample a3 there i3 added a~ aEount of fibrin suffici~nt for turbidity formation or thi~ i~ produced in ~itu and the turbidity or the ibrin fi~s~o~ product~
formed mea~ured or b) there i8 added a chromogenic pla~min ~ubstrate and 2$ an amount of fibrin insufficient for turbidity for~ation, fibrinoge~ i~ion product~ or an enzym~ producing fibrin in ~itu and ~he colour formed iR mea~ured~
, . .
By turbidity m~a~ure~entg ~thin the ~cope of the pr~ ent inventio~ there i~; thereby to ~e under-stood th~ mea~urex~ent of ~he turbidity d~s::rea~e or il~crea~e per uni'c tim~ he mea~3urement of th2 time 5 up to the achieve~ent of the turbldity maximum or the mea3urement of the time up to t;he achievem~nt of a partl c:ular turbidity de~:reaRe or increa~3e, referred to the tur~idity maximum~, A co~bination OI the po33ibllitie~3 of measureEu~nt ~an al BO be u~3ed. ~he 10 time up to th~ ach~eYement of a def inite tllr~idity decrea~e or thç~ time up to the ac:hievemant of the turbidity maxim7~ specially preferably ~easured.
c:olour m4asurement car~ take place by a kinetic moni~orin~ o the c:olour ~Eormation, the 15 extinction change per unit ti~ne ~h~re~ being de~e~ined~, In the ~a~ way~ th~ extinction achîeved after a pre-determined period of time can be determined or the colour formation reaction can be ~topped a:Eter a pre-d~te~mlned period o~ tims and ~he ~olour for~ed then m~a~ured later at any de3ired ti~e~
The measure~ent of ~he fibrin fi~ion product~
formed can be carried out with commercially available te~t reagents or proce~se~. ~xample3 include the ~ clumping test (manufacturer: ~o~hringer ~annhelm ¢mbH) or imm~nological proce~ses~ for exa~ple, via a~tibody-coated latex particles (manufacturer:
Wellcome Corp.3.
76~37 ~ he stopping of th~ ~olour forr~ation re~ction c;~ tak~ place b~ m~an~ of the addition of appropriate inhibitor~3, preferably of pla~min inhibitor3 or acids, for exan~le acetic acid or ~itxic acid. The time up 5 to the achi~vement o a definite extirlctiorl i~3 prefer-ably m~asllr~ad.
The above-defined proce~3~ a~c!ording to the pre~ent inv~rltion give~ a determination of the hyperfibrino~yti~
ac:tivity of pla~rQa. Plasminogen activator~ already 10 pre~ent in or forming in the pla~3ma thereby initiate the reaction., q~ e~bodiment of t.he proce~ accordin to the pre ~3nt in~rention i~ e~pel::ially u~eful for monitoring a ~ibrinoly~i~ therapy. With it, ~here can ~ a3certained how the fibri~olytic ~tate of ~e native 15 pla~ hanges in the course of the therapy~
Furthermore ~, according to a further e}libodiment of the proce~ according to the pre~en~ inv~ntion, a definite amount of pla~3minogen ac:tivator i~ added, therapeutically ~ed concerltration~s thereby preferably 20 bei~g e~ployed. In the ca~e of thi~ en~bodiment oiE the proce3s, there i;3 determined the po~ible reac~ts~ity of the plasma in the presence of de~inite asnount~ o plasminogen activator. q~his is espec:ially i~portant iEor the inl:roduction of a fibrinoly~iq therapyO It 25 can thereby be a3certained how the fibrinolytic ~tate of t:hs pla~ma changes ~en the therapeutic intended for the fibrinolysia therapy, for example t-PA tl~PA3 .
~LZ~ 7 urokina~e or ~treptokina~e, i ~ addedl.
Acc:ording to a preferred embodiment, the fibrin i~ produced in ~3itu by the addition of throrr~bin or of a ~hrombin-lik~ enzymeO ~uch a~3 ba~roxobin or arvin.
A~ fibrinogen fi~ion product~, t~ho~3e are prefer-ably u~ed which are o~taiJled by the treatment of ~ibrinogen wi~h cyanogen bromide (s,ee I.~.. Verheijen, q~hro~ Iaer~stas9 48, 266-269/1982). Concentration~
of 10 to 150 ~ g./ml., are pref~rably added<.
Fibrin nomers are prepared by treating fibrinogen with bi~troxobin, inactivation sf the batroxobin with diisopropyl fluorolphs~phate and removal and 9U~9e~UIellt di3~01ving of the fibrin c:lot in 1 to 3 molar urea ~olution. Concentration3 of 1 to 100 ~-Lg/ml.
of fibrin ~nom~r are prefe~rably u~ed.
A3 chromogen~ c plasmin substrats ~ there can be u~ed any pla~min substrate from ~ich, by the ac~tion of pla~m~nJ there i~ ~plit of a group ~uitable for the ~:olour forsQation. P~ colvur-fornu n9 group~, ther~
can hereby be used those w~ich can be directly Nleasured photometrically, for example nitroaniline, dinitroaniline and the derivative~ thereof, a~ ~ell a~ ~ho~e col~ound~
which bring about a colour formation by reaction with a further component. ~xa~ple3 herefor are~
In the case of the embodiment of the proce~s according to tha present invention wnth the addition of a pla~m~nogen activator, a~ pla~minogen activator ~here ~.;27~
.
< --8--can be used E:l?A ~extrin~ pla~ninogen activator t-PA~, urokiIlase or ~treptokinase~. A preferred c:hromogerli~
pla~miR ~ubstrate 1~ To~-Gly-Pro-Ly~ -nitroanili~e.
~he process according to the pre~ent ixlvention ~an be carried out at any de~ired ter~perat~re of from abotlt 20 to 40C.
q~he pre~ent inve3ltion al~o provide~ a reaç~ent :Eor ~he dets~nation of the fibrinolytic :3tate of pla~ma, which can be u~ed for c~arrying Ollt the proce~3 ac~ording to the pre~ent in~rention, ~hi~ reagent con-taining a plaæminogen ac:tivator, thrombin or a thromibirl-like enzyme and ~uff~r.
In~tead of thrombin or a thrombin-like enzyme, the reage~t can al~o contain fibrir~ fi~ion product~
or flbrin ~non~mer.
If tha reagent according to the pre e~t invention is intended for variant b) of the proces~ accoxding to t~e present invention, i.e~ the :olour mea~urement, it additionally contairl~ a ::hro~ogenic pla~min ~ubstrate.
A~cording to a preferred embodiment, the reagent according to the pre~en invention al~o contain~ at Lea t one sub~tance of the group polyethylene glycol, non-ionic ~urface-active agents and bovine ~erum albumin.
In the ca~e of one embodiment of the reagent according to the pre~nt invention, it contains ~PA, batroxobin, tris bu~fer (pH 7 to 8), polyethy}ene glycol and non-ionic Rurface-active agent.
2~
.. . g For the colour m~a3ur~ment" thi~3 reagent prefer-ably contains, in~tead of the batroxobin~ fibrinogen fis:3ion p~3duct~ prepared by treating ~ibrinogen wi~h c:yanogen bro~nide or, in~tead thereof, fibrin monom~r 5 or al90 q~o~l-Gly-Pro-Ly~3-p-nitroanilin0.
For the i~dlvidual co~pon~3nt~ of the reagent according to the pre~ent ir~vention, the ~tatements ma~le ~aereiDbefore in co~ection with the explanation of the proce~3 al~30 apply ~orrespondingly.
~he ~ollo~,ring E~ nplec~ are givell for the purpo5e of illu3tratinçl ~he pre~ent in~ention, re~erenc~ being mad~ to the aceor~panying draw:i~}g~ in ~ich Fig.. 1 i~ a calibration c:u:r~e for a tllrbidity t~3t with ~:PA a~
pla~nogen ac:tivator.
15 ~.
~_.
Reagent compo~ition:
tris Ei(:l, 0.1 mol/l., p~I 7.5 polyethylen~ glycol 60Q0, 296 by wt~, ~urfa~:e-active agellt (~ewee~ 80), 0.1% by wt.
bovine 9erllDII albumin (BSA), 1% by ~t.
batroxobin, 0.02 BE/ml.
BPA (~:).01 ~ ng./r~l. per test bats:h),.
Te~t batch: 50 ~1. sa~le (plasma) 1000 ~Ll. reagent.
Reagent and san~le are mixed at 25&., ar~d the turbidity i~ monitored immediately on a p~otometer at ~- 334 nm.
~ , .
r ~l 27~
~ he extinction change i~ recorded orl a recoxdin~a desTice (pape:r tran~;post û.l cm~./mi~. )..
qhe production of a ~alibratior~ ~urve ta~e~
plac:e either by deterlllining th~ tin~e~ tl up to which 5 ~he turbidity maxint~ s aLchie!~d ( Pig. 1, curve 1 ) or the time t2 until Q ~tarting ~ron~ the turbidity max:L~, an extinction decrea~e of 100 ~ h~3 ta~en place (FiS~. 1, cur~e 2 ~ .
10 A~ ~ ~--~
The r~aS~ent Co~po9it:LoDl,~ te~t batch and carrying out of ~he te~t corre~pond to ~ ple 1 ~ut, instead of 13PA, str*ptokilla~e or urokina~;e i~ added in differ-lrly concentration~.
q!he followiIlg re~3ult~ r~a thereby obtained:
a _ __ __ __ __ ___ __ concentration O 0~ 05 0.10 0.15 o, 20 0. 25 ~U~ml. test batch ~_ __ __ __ __ .__ __ 2~ tl [mi~ 55 40 3605 17.0 15.0 1û.5 ( c~ . Exa~le 1~
___ __ , ~__ __ ,,,,, _, t2 ~ ] oo 35 27 23 15 14 (cf . ~xan~le 1 ) - .. __ __ __ __ b) Urokina~e ~ _ _ ~ __ ___, ~__ con entration 0 10 50 100 200 300 400 ~_ _ __ __. __ ._ _ tl [mi~ 6~ 50 23.5 16.5 12.~ 9~5 8~5 ~_ __ ,__ ~ . __,. _ t~ _ 55 13 7.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 Reagent compo~ition:
tri~/HCl, 0.1 mol~l., pH 7.5 polyethylene gly~ol 6000, ~% by wt~
Tween ao~ 0.1% b~ wt.
BSA; 1% by wt.
~PA. 0.01 to 10 ~gr~ml. t~t batch BrC~ fragment~ of fibrin, 75 ~g~/ml.
pla~mi~ substrate To -~ly-Pro Ly~-p~A, 0.15 mm~l/l.
~e~t batch: 50 ~1~ ~ample (~la~ma) 1000 ~1. reagent Reagent and sample are ~ixed at 25C. and ~he colour fonmatio~ monitored on a photo~eter at A= 405 n~.
The extinction change is r~corded with a recording device (paper tran~port 0.1 cm~/min.3. The time t3 i~ mea~ured until, ~tarting from the ba~e line (reagent bla~k), an extinction increase of 100 m~ i8 achieved. The follown.ng results are obtained:
~ - -concentration of EPA 0.048 0.119 0.238 0.475 ~_ __ __ ___ e~ ] 118 58 36 24
Claims (23)
1. A process for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, wherein to a native plasma sample a) there is added an amount of fibrin sufficient for the achievement of turbidity formation or this is produced in situ and the turbidity or the fibrin fission products formed measured, or b) there is added a chromogenic plasmin substrate and an amount of fibrin insufficient for turbidity formation, fibrinogen fission products or an enzyme producing fibrin in situ and the colour formed is measured.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein there is also added a definite amount of plasminogen activator.
3. A process according to claim 1, wherein fibrin is produced in situ by the addition of thrombin or of a thrombin-like enzyme.
4. A process according to claim 2, wherein fibrin is produced in situ by the addition of thrombin or of a thrombin-like enzyme.
5. A process according to claim 3, wherein the thrombin-like enzyme is batroxobin or arvin.
6. A process according to claim 4, wherein the thrombin-like enzyme is batroxobin or arvin.
7. A process according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein EPA, urokinase or streptokinase is added as plasminogen activator.
8. A process according to claim 5 or 6, wherein EPA, urokinase or streptokinase is added as plasminogen activator.
9. A process according to claim 1 b), 2 or 3, wherein said fibrinogen fission products are obtained by treating fibrinogen with cyanogen bromide.
10. A process according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein said fibrinogen fission products are obtained by treating fibrinogen with cyanogen bromide.
11. A process according to claim 1 b), 2 or 3, wherein said chromogenic plasmin substrate comprises Tos-Gly-Pro-Lys-p-nitroaniline.
12. A process according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein said chromogenic plasmin substrate comprises Tos-Gly-Pro-Lys-p-nitroaniline.
13. A reagent for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, comprising plasminogen activator, thrombin or thrombin-like enzyme and buffer.
14. A reagent for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma, comprising plasminogen activator and fibrinogen fission products or fibrin monomer.
15. A reagent according to claim 13, addition-ally containing a chromogenic plasmin substrate.
16. A reagent according to claim 14, addition-ally containing a chromogenic plasmin substrate.
17. A reagent according to claim 13 or 15, wherein it contains at least one of polyethylene glycol, a non-ionic, surface-active agent and bovine serum albumin.
18. A reagent according to claim 14 or 16, wherein it contains at least one of polyethylene glycol, a non-ionic, surface-active agent and bovine serum albumin.
19. A reagent according to claim 13 or 15, wherein it contains EPA, batroxobin, tris buffer (pH
7 to 8), polyethylene glycol and non-ionic, surface-active agent.
7 to 8), polyethylene glycol and non-ionic, surface-active agent.
20. A reagent according to claim 14 or 16, wherein it contains EPA, batroxobin, tris buffer (pH
7 to 8), polyethylene glycol and non-ionic, surface-active agent.
7 to 8), polyethylene glycol and non-ionic, surface-active agent.
21. A reagent according to claim 13 or 15, wherein it contains EPA, tris buffer (pH 7 to 8), polyethylene glycol, non-ionic, surface-active agent and fibrinogen fission products produced by treating fibrinogen with cyanogen bromide or fibrin monomer and Tos-Gly-Pro-Lys-p-nitroaniline.
22. A reagent according to claim 14 or 16, wherein it contains EPA, tris buffer (pH 7 to 8), polyethylene glycol, non-ionic, surface-active agent and fibrinogen fission products produced by treating fibrinogen with cyanogen bromide or fibrin monomer and Tos-Gly-Pro-Lys-p-nitroaniline.
23. The use of thrombin or thrombin-like enzyme, together with buffer, as reagent for the determination of the fibrinolytic state of plasma.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853502878 DE3502878A1 (en) | 1985-01-29 | 1985-01-29 | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FIBRINOLYTIC STATE OF PLASMA |
| DEP3502878.5 | 1985-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1276097C true CA1276097C (en) | 1990-11-13 |
Family
ID=6261029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000499236A Expired - Lifetime CA1276097C (en) | 1985-01-29 | 1986-01-08 | Process and reagent for determining the fibrinolytic state of plasma |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0189910B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS61178000A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE45771T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1276097C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3502878A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK163189C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8701841A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO167588C (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU193126B (en) * | 1985-08-15 | 1987-08-28 | Valeria Duschanek | Method for forecasting quality of flesh of the livestocks and for selecting livestocks on the basis of this |
| DE3705744A1 (en) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-09-01 | Behringwerke Ag | METHOD FOR THE FUNCTIONAL DETERMINATION OF PROTEIN C-INHIBITOR |
| DE3838529A1 (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-17 | Behringwerke Ag | GLOBALTEST FOR DETECTING THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE FIBRINOLYSIS SYSTEM |
| DE3900493A1 (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1990-07-12 | Thomae Gmbh Dr K | METHOD FOR DETERMINING OVERALL FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN PLASMA |
| EP0572605A1 (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-12-08 | Dade International Inc. | Method for measuring fibrinolytic capacity within whole human plasma |
| ES2090835T3 (en) * | 1992-02-17 | 1996-10-16 | Akzo Nobel Nv | CALIBRATOR AND ITS USE IN AN IMMUNOLOGICAL TEST. |
| US5708591A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1998-01-13 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method and apparatus for predicting the presence of congenital and acquired imbalances and therapeutic conditions |
| US6429017B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2002-08-06 | Biomerieux | Method for predicting the presence of haemostatic dysfunction in a patient sample |
| US6898532B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2005-05-24 | Biomerieux, Inc. | Method and apparatus for predicting the presence of haemostatic dysfunction in a patient sample |
| US6321164B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2001-11-20 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method and apparatus for predicting the presence of an abnormal level of one or more proteins in the clotting cascade |
| US6502040B2 (en) | 1997-12-31 | 2002-12-31 | Biomerieux, Inc. | Method for presenting thrombosis and hemostasis assay data |
| AU774889B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2004-07-08 | Biomerieux, Inc. | A method and apparatus for predicting the presence of haemostatic dysfunction in a patient sample |
| US7179612B2 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2007-02-20 | Biomerieux, Inc. | Method for detecting a lipoprotein-acute phase protein complex and predicting an increased risk of system failure or mortality |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2431342C3 (en) * | 1973-07-27 | 1978-10-26 | Behringwerke Ag, 3550 Marburg | Method for measuring the plasminogen content by determining the formation of fibrin in a sample |
| DE2525804B2 (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1980-04-03 | Behringwerke Ag, 3550 Marburg | Stable clumping factor, use of the same for the detection of fibrinogen and fibrin breakdown products and production of the same |
| JPS59210900A (en) * | 1983-05-14 | 1984-11-29 | Mihama Hisaharu | Measurement of activity of plasmin in blood |
| DE3330699A1 (en) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-03-07 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF FIBRINOGEN AND FIBRINOGEN Fission Products in the Plasma |
-
1985
- 1985-01-29 DE DE19853502878 patent/DE3502878A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-01-08 CA CA000499236A patent/CA1276097C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-01-13 NO NO860089A patent/NO167588C/en unknown
- 1986-01-21 DK DK030686A patent/DK163189C/en active
- 1986-01-28 JP JP61014897A patent/JPS61178000A/en active Pending
- 1986-01-29 DE DE8686101150T patent/DE3665196D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-01-29 AT AT86101150T patent/ATE45771T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-29 EP EP86101150A patent/EP0189910B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-01-29 ES ES551389A patent/ES8701841A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61178000A (en) | 1986-08-09 |
| DK30686D0 (en) | 1986-01-21 |
| EP0189910A3 (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| NO167588B (en) | 1991-08-12 |
| ES8701841A1 (en) | 1986-12-16 |
| DK163189C (en) | 1992-06-22 |
| ATE45771T1 (en) | 1989-09-15 |
| DK163189B (en) | 1992-02-03 |
| NO860089L (en) | 1986-07-30 |
| NO167588C (en) | 1991-11-20 |
| EP0189910A2 (en) | 1986-08-06 |
| DE3665196D1 (en) | 1989-09-28 |
| DK30686A (en) | 1986-07-30 |
| ES551389A0 (en) | 1986-12-16 |
| DE3502878A1 (en) | 1986-07-31 |
| EP0189910B1 (en) | 1989-08-23 |
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