CA1274791A - Spiral coil cool wall construction for high temperature cylindrical furnaces, vessels, cyclones, etc. - Google Patents
Spiral coil cool wall construction for high temperature cylindrical furnaces, vessels, cyclones, etc.Info
- Publication number
- CA1274791A CA1274791A CA000475710A CA475710A CA1274791A CA 1274791 A CA1274791 A CA 1274791A CA 000475710 A CA000475710 A CA 000475710A CA 475710 A CA475710 A CA 475710A CA 1274791 A CA1274791 A CA 1274791A
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A vessel for separating entrained particles from a gas in which a vertically extending tubular portion extends through a portion of a housing for providing an outlet for the gas after separation from the particles. The tubular portion includes a tube formed into a spiral coil, and a continuous fin extends from the tube for the entire length of the tube. The fin is welded to adjacent sections of the tube to render the coil airtight. A layer of insulation material extends to both sides of the coil.
A vessel for separating entrained particles from a gas in which a vertically extending tubular portion extends through a portion of a housing for providing an outlet for the gas after separation from the particles. The tubular portion includes a tube formed into a spiral coil, and a continuous fin extends from the tube for the entire length of the tube. The fin is welded to adjacent sections of the tube to render the coil airtight. A layer of insulation material extends to both sides of the coil.
Description
~ t~3~
SPIRAL COIL COOL W~LL CONSTRUCTION
FOR HIGH TE~IPER~TURE CYLINDRICAL
FURNACES, VESSELS, CYCLONES, ETC.
BACKGP~OU~D OF THE INVENT.ION
This invention relates to high temperature process vessels such as furnaces, reactors, containment vessels, cyclones, etc. which are subjected to relatlvely high temperatures and, more particularly, to such type of vessels in which water cooled spiral coils are provided to reduce the temperature of the vessel.
Certain types of process vessels, such as cylindrical furnaces, cyclone separators or the like, operate at extremely high temperatures, such as 3000F, and therefore must be designed to continuously withstand the temperature without failing. For example, cyclone separators used in coal gasification, incineration, fuel combustion, calcining, etc., include a gas discharge tube, or vortex finder, located centrally within the cyclone separator and extending into the housing below the .op of the separator. Since both the exterior and the interior walls of the discharge tube are exposed to extremely high tem?erature conditions these walls must be fabricated from materials including a co~mercially available ceramic or refractory material. However, it is difficult, if not im~ossible, to construct a gas discharge tube of the above type entirely of such material without encountcring structural limitations and support ?rob1ems.
" ~ .
For e~ample, it has been suggested to construct the dischar~e tube from metallic materials and insulate same on bo-th sides with ceramic or refractory materials. However, this is unsatisfactory since both sides of the tube are exposed to the high temperature and the metal is trapped within the insulation materials and is subjected to the high temperature on both sides. Thus, the metal can reach its molten tempera-ture and fail structurally. Other attempts to copa with this problem include designs having water cooled tangent tubes in front of tne refractory or internal vessel heads, fluidization grids, cyclone throats, etc. However, each of these designs gives rise to other problems, such as inadequate sealing, poor support and short life spans.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vessel and a discharge tube associated with the vessel for withstanding relatively high temperatures and which i~ relatively free of any structural or support problems.
It is a furtner object of the present invention -to provide a vessel of the above type which contains a water-cooled spiral coil forming a portion of the wall or discharge tube of the vessel.
It is a furtl-er object of the present invention to provide a vessel of the above ty?e in which the vessel wall and/or discharye tube is formed by a water-cooled spiral coil insulated by refractory material in a manner to struc-turally stabilize the assembly.
It is a further ob~ect of the instant invention to provide a vessel of the above type in which the s?iral coil forms the major structural support and that by selection of cooling -luids and control of their temperatures, the spiral coil can be Xept at a temperature above the dewpoints of corrosive specie in in the contained gases such as H2CO3, ~12SO3, 1-12SO~, etc. in the vessel.
It is a still further objec-t of the present inven-tion -to provide a vessel oE the above type in which the adjacent tube portions forming the spiral coil are welded together.
Toward the fulflllment of these and other objects, the present invention contemplates a vessel for separating entrained particles from a gas which comprises a metallic shell having a vertically extending axis, a circular cross section, and first and second openings in its upper end and its lower end, respect-ively. A refractory lining extends around the shell, a first tube formed into a first spiral co~l extends between the shell and the lining, a means is available for introducing a cooling fluid into the first tube, and an inlet is in communication with the interior of -the shell and is disposed in tangen-tial relation to the shell so that the gas and entrained particles are dis-charged tangentially into the interior of the shell for separating -the gases from the entrained particles by centrifugal forces.
That inlet is located in the upper portion of the shell so tha-t the separated particles fall by gravity into the lower portion of the shell and discharge through the second opening. A second tube formed into a second spiral coil extends through the first opening for providing an outlet for the separated gas which rises into the upper portion by convection with a layer of insulation material surrounding the second spiral coil, a means is available for introducing cooling fluid into the second spiral coil, and a firs-t and second continuous fin extends from the first and second tubes, respectively, for the lengths of the tubes and are welded to adjacent sections of ~he tubes to render the first and second spiral coils airtight.
7'~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~IE DR~WINCS
The above brief description, as well as further objec-ts, features and advantages oE the present invention will be more fully appreciated by reference to the following detailed description of a presently preferred but none-theless illus-trative embodiment in accordance with the present invention, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vessel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the lines 2-2 of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial view within the area denoted by the reference numeral 3 in Fig. l;
Figs. 4 and 6 are views similar to Fig. 1, but depicting -3a-alternate embodiments of the present invention; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial ~iew within the area denoted by reference numeral S in Fig. 4.
DESCRIPTION QF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
_. _ _ _ - An exemplary ~mbodiment of ~he Yessel of the present -,., invention is shown in Figs. 1-3 in the form of a cyclone:
sPparator consisting of a metallic outer cylindrical shell l~~having an open upper end portion lOa and a conically.: .
shaped lower end portion lOb. A refractory lining 12 extends immediately within the shell 10 and has an upper top por~ion ~, 12a having a central opening formed therein for reasons that will be described in detail later, and a lower conical i2b '' ' ' ' ' '' portion/complementing the,en~ por~on lOb of.the shell 10.
... . . . ....... . . ... .. .. . . .. ... ~ . . . . . . . .
An inlet pipe 14.extends substantially horizontally at the upper portion of the shell 10 and'extends through a -. -suitable opening formed in.the.wall of the shell and in a tangential relation to the interior o the sheli as bet~er .. . ... . ..
shown in Fig. 2. Thus, hot gases containing entrained .. . .
{ particulate material entering the inlet pipe 14 are discharged into the intexior of the shell in a substantially tangential relationship to the interior wall thereof which promotes separation of the particulate material from the gases, in a conventional manner. An outlet opening 16 is formed through the lower end portions of the shell 10 and the lining 12 to permlt discharge of the particulate material to external processing apparatus (not shown).
.
A water-cooled outlet tube assembly, shown in general by the reference numeral 18, is provided through the afore-mentioned central opening formed in the top portion 12a of the lining l~. The assembly 18 oonsis~s of a tube 20 formed in a spiral coil configuration ex~ending from the interior of the vessel upwardly through the opening and projecting from the latter opening. The diameter of the spiral coil portion of the tube 20 is less than tha' of the interior wall portion of the lining 12 to form an annular chamber 21.
One end portion 20a of the tube 20 extends through ~ppropriate openings formed through the side wall o~ the shell 10 and the corresponding port~on of the lining 12; and across the shell and upwardly to the spiral portion, as shown. The other end portion 20b of the tube 20 extends .: . -._ . , - :, outwardly from the piane of the spiral poxtion projecting from the upper end portion of the sheii 10, f~r con~e~tion to external equipment (not shown). As better shown in Fig.
3, a continuous fin 22 is attached to the spiral coil porkion of the tube 20 for lts entire length and is connected between adjacent sections of the spiral portions of the tube 20 by weldments, or the like, to render the spiral portion air-tight. . .
The tube assembly 18 also includes two tubular portions 24 and 26 of refractory insulation material extending to either side of the spiral portion of the tube 20. The ; tubular portions 24 and 26 are secured to the spiral portion of the tube 20 by a plurality of anchors 28 extending from the fin 22 and into the tubular portions as shown. An insulating material, shown in general by the reference numeral 29, also surrounds that portion of the tube 20 between its end ?ortion 20a and the spiral portion.
A cooling fluid, such as water, is circulated through the tube 20 by a pump, or the like, ~not shown) connected between the tube end portions 20a and 20b to reduce the temperature of the tube 20.
In operation, ~ases from the inlet tube 14 are introduced in.o the interior of the shell 10 and into the annular chamber 21 and the centri~ugal forces thus created cause a separation o the particulate material entrained in the gas.
The separated particulate material falls downwardly by gravity and discharges from the shell through the outlet 16, while the clean gases rise by convection upwardly through the hollow portion of the tube assembly 18 and outwardly to e~ternal apparatus for further processing.
The spiral coil tube 20 ~rovides a structural support for the refractory portions 24 and 26 to render them struc-turally stable. Also, the temperatures surrounding the tube can be kept below a value that will cause potential damage Further, in situations in which corrosive specie, such as H2CO3, H2SO3, H2SO4, etc., are present in the gases introduced into the chamber 21, the temperature of the spiral tube 20 can be kept at a temperature above the dewpoint of these specie to eliminate any corrosion.
The embodiment of ~ig. 4 is similar to that of Figs. 1-3, and identical components will be given the same reference nu~bers.
According to the em~odiment of ~is. 4, an additional spiral coil tube, shown in general by the reference numerai 30 is sandwicned between the liner 12 and the metallic shell 10, and has a continuous fin 32 attached thereto and extend-ing for the length of the tu~e.
.
7~ I
As shown in Pig. 5, a plurality of anchors 34 extend from the interior side of the fin 32 into the refractory material of the liner 12 to anchor the latter in place.
The spiral coil portion of the tube 30 is shaped to conform to the shape of the shell 10 and includes a conically shapëd lower end portion. The uppe~ portion of the ~piral coil extends horizontally as sllown in Fig. 4, with the adjacent sections of the coil being connected by'the fin 32.
The lower and upper end portions 30a and 30b of the tube 30 extend externally of the shell io as shown and are adapted to be connected to a pump or the like, for circulating a cooling fluid through the tube as in the previous embodi-ment. Since the tube assembly 18 of the shell of Fig. 4 is formed,and cooled in a manner identical to that of the previous embodiment, the entire vessel may be utilized in a very high temperature environment.
It is understood that the shell o the present invention is not limited to cyclone separators as,discussed, in connec-tion with the above two exemplary embodiments. For example, and referring to Fig. 6, the vessel can be a process vessel having an outer metallic shell 40, an inner refractory lining 42 and spiral coil tube 44 sand,wiched therebetween.
The shell 40, ~he lining 42 and the tube 44 each have a necked-down portion in the upper and lower portions of the shell to define an open inlet 46 at the lower end portion of the shell and an outlet 48 at the upper end portion o~ the shell, and a conical portion 50 extending between the lower t necked-down portion and the cylindrical wall portion.
The tube 44 extends in a spiral coil configuration from the lower inlet end portion to the upper outlet end ~ortion of the shell 40 and has two end portions 44a and 44b extending out of tne plane of the shell and functioning as an inlet and outlet, respectively for a cooling fluid as in the previous embodiment.
A continuous fin 52 is connected to the tube ~4 ~nd extends between adjacent tube sections for the entire length of the shell to render the shell gas-tight.
Though not clear from the drawing, it is understood that anclors similar to those disclosed in the previous embodiments can be utilized to anchor the refxactory lining .
42 relative to the spiral coil tube 44. -- ~
A cooling fluid, upon being introduced into the inlet portion 44a of the tube 44 travels the entire distance of the shell before discharging through the outlet end tube ~ - - , . . .: .i portion 44b to maintain the vessel at a lower temperature ( than otilerwise would be possi.ble.
The material to be processed, whether in a solld, liquid or gaseous form, is introduced into the shell inlet 46 ~here it passes upwardly into the shell where the desired reaction is completed, with the reacted material then dis-. .
; charging from the outlet 48.
It is understood that in each of the previ~us embodiments, ; the particular location of the inlet and outlet of the water . .. __ .. _ . ... __, .. ._ . _~ __ .. . . ., . . .. ,.. .. . . .. . . _ . _ . .
. . ~,~' . .
tubes can be varied within the scope of the invention. For example, both the inlet and outlet end portions of the water tube can be located at the upper portion of the shell as shown by the reference numerals 44c and 44d, respectively, in Fig. 6. In this conflguration the water would flow down- j wardly through alternating sections of the spiral coil tube and then upwardly through other alternating sections before discharging from the outlet end portion 44d. It is understood that this circuit can also be incorporated in any of the 2revious embodiments.
In each of the embodiments of the present invention, a shell is provided with or without a discharge tube, that is stable from a structural standpoint, yet is immune to corro-sion and can withstand relative high temperatures.
A latitude of modification, change and substitution is intended in the foregoing disclosure and in some instances some features of the invention will be employed without a corresponding use of other features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention therein.
_g_
SPIRAL COIL COOL W~LL CONSTRUCTION
FOR HIGH TE~IPER~TURE CYLINDRICAL
FURNACES, VESSELS, CYCLONES, ETC.
BACKGP~OU~D OF THE INVENT.ION
This invention relates to high temperature process vessels such as furnaces, reactors, containment vessels, cyclones, etc. which are subjected to relatlvely high temperatures and, more particularly, to such type of vessels in which water cooled spiral coils are provided to reduce the temperature of the vessel.
Certain types of process vessels, such as cylindrical furnaces, cyclone separators or the like, operate at extremely high temperatures, such as 3000F, and therefore must be designed to continuously withstand the temperature without failing. For example, cyclone separators used in coal gasification, incineration, fuel combustion, calcining, etc., include a gas discharge tube, or vortex finder, located centrally within the cyclone separator and extending into the housing below the .op of the separator. Since both the exterior and the interior walls of the discharge tube are exposed to extremely high tem?erature conditions these walls must be fabricated from materials including a co~mercially available ceramic or refractory material. However, it is difficult, if not im~ossible, to construct a gas discharge tube of the above type entirely of such material without encountcring structural limitations and support ?rob1ems.
" ~ .
For e~ample, it has been suggested to construct the dischar~e tube from metallic materials and insulate same on bo-th sides with ceramic or refractory materials. However, this is unsatisfactory since both sides of the tube are exposed to the high temperature and the metal is trapped within the insulation materials and is subjected to the high temperature on both sides. Thus, the metal can reach its molten tempera-ture and fail structurally. Other attempts to copa with this problem include designs having water cooled tangent tubes in front of tne refractory or internal vessel heads, fluidization grids, cyclone throats, etc. However, each of these designs gives rise to other problems, such as inadequate sealing, poor support and short life spans.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vessel and a discharge tube associated with the vessel for withstanding relatively high temperatures and which i~ relatively free of any structural or support problems.
It is a furtner object of the present invention -to provide a vessel of the above type which contains a water-cooled spiral coil forming a portion of the wall or discharge tube of the vessel.
It is a furtl-er object of the present invention to provide a vessel of the above ty?e in which the vessel wall and/or discharye tube is formed by a water-cooled spiral coil insulated by refractory material in a manner to struc-turally stabilize the assembly.
It is a further ob~ect of the instant invention to provide a vessel of the above type in which the s?iral coil forms the major structural support and that by selection of cooling -luids and control of their temperatures, the spiral coil can be Xept at a temperature above the dewpoints of corrosive specie in in the contained gases such as H2CO3, ~12SO3, 1-12SO~, etc. in the vessel.
It is a still further objec-t of the present inven-tion -to provide a vessel oE the above type in which the adjacent tube portions forming the spiral coil are welded together.
Toward the fulflllment of these and other objects, the present invention contemplates a vessel for separating entrained particles from a gas which comprises a metallic shell having a vertically extending axis, a circular cross section, and first and second openings in its upper end and its lower end, respect-ively. A refractory lining extends around the shell, a first tube formed into a first spiral co~l extends between the shell and the lining, a means is available for introducing a cooling fluid into the first tube, and an inlet is in communication with the interior of -the shell and is disposed in tangen-tial relation to the shell so that the gas and entrained particles are dis-charged tangentially into the interior of the shell for separating -the gases from the entrained particles by centrifugal forces.
That inlet is located in the upper portion of the shell so tha-t the separated particles fall by gravity into the lower portion of the shell and discharge through the second opening. A second tube formed into a second spiral coil extends through the first opening for providing an outlet for the separated gas which rises into the upper portion by convection with a layer of insulation material surrounding the second spiral coil, a means is available for introducing cooling fluid into the second spiral coil, and a firs-t and second continuous fin extends from the first and second tubes, respectively, for the lengths of the tubes and are welded to adjacent sections of ~he tubes to render the first and second spiral coils airtight.
7'~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~IE DR~WINCS
The above brief description, as well as further objec-ts, features and advantages oE the present invention will be more fully appreciated by reference to the following detailed description of a presently preferred but none-theless illus-trative embodiment in accordance with the present invention, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vessel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the lines 2-2 of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial view within the area denoted by the reference numeral 3 in Fig. l;
Figs. 4 and 6 are views similar to Fig. 1, but depicting -3a-alternate embodiments of the present invention; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial ~iew within the area denoted by reference numeral S in Fig. 4.
DESCRIPTION QF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
_. _ _ _ - An exemplary ~mbodiment of ~he Yessel of the present -,., invention is shown in Figs. 1-3 in the form of a cyclone:
sPparator consisting of a metallic outer cylindrical shell l~~having an open upper end portion lOa and a conically.: .
shaped lower end portion lOb. A refractory lining 12 extends immediately within the shell 10 and has an upper top por~ion ~, 12a having a central opening formed therein for reasons that will be described in detail later, and a lower conical i2b '' ' ' ' ' '' portion/complementing the,en~ por~on lOb of.the shell 10.
... . . . ....... . . ... .. .. . . .. ... ~ . . . . . . . .
An inlet pipe 14.extends substantially horizontally at the upper portion of the shell 10 and'extends through a -. -suitable opening formed in.the.wall of the shell and in a tangential relation to the interior o the sheli as bet~er .. . ... . ..
shown in Fig. 2. Thus, hot gases containing entrained .. . .
{ particulate material entering the inlet pipe 14 are discharged into the intexior of the shell in a substantially tangential relationship to the interior wall thereof which promotes separation of the particulate material from the gases, in a conventional manner. An outlet opening 16 is formed through the lower end portions of the shell 10 and the lining 12 to permlt discharge of the particulate material to external processing apparatus (not shown).
.
A water-cooled outlet tube assembly, shown in general by the reference numeral 18, is provided through the afore-mentioned central opening formed in the top portion 12a of the lining l~. The assembly 18 oonsis~s of a tube 20 formed in a spiral coil configuration ex~ending from the interior of the vessel upwardly through the opening and projecting from the latter opening. The diameter of the spiral coil portion of the tube 20 is less than tha' of the interior wall portion of the lining 12 to form an annular chamber 21.
One end portion 20a of the tube 20 extends through ~ppropriate openings formed through the side wall o~ the shell 10 and the corresponding port~on of the lining 12; and across the shell and upwardly to the spiral portion, as shown. The other end portion 20b of the tube 20 extends .: . -._ . , - :, outwardly from the piane of the spiral poxtion projecting from the upper end portion of the sheii 10, f~r con~e~tion to external equipment (not shown). As better shown in Fig.
3, a continuous fin 22 is attached to the spiral coil porkion of the tube 20 for lts entire length and is connected between adjacent sections of the spiral portions of the tube 20 by weldments, or the like, to render the spiral portion air-tight. . .
The tube assembly 18 also includes two tubular portions 24 and 26 of refractory insulation material extending to either side of the spiral portion of the tube 20. The ; tubular portions 24 and 26 are secured to the spiral portion of the tube 20 by a plurality of anchors 28 extending from the fin 22 and into the tubular portions as shown. An insulating material, shown in general by the reference numeral 29, also surrounds that portion of the tube 20 between its end ?ortion 20a and the spiral portion.
A cooling fluid, such as water, is circulated through the tube 20 by a pump, or the like, ~not shown) connected between the tube end portions 20a and 20b to reduce the temperature of the tube 20.
In operation, ~ases from the inlet tube 14 are introduced in.o the interior of the shell 10 and into the annular chamber 21 and the centri~ugal forces thus created cause a separation o the particulate material entrained in the gas.
The separated particulate material falls downwardly by gravity and discharges from the shell through the outlet 16, while the clean gases rise by convection upwardly through the hollow portion of the tube assembly 18 and outwardly to e~ternal apparatus for further processing.
The spiral coil tube 20 ~rovides a structural support for the refractory portions 24 and 26 to render them struc-turally stable. Also, the temperatures surrounding the tube can be kept below a value that will cause potential damage Further, in situations in which corrosive specie, such as H2CO3, H2SO3, H2SO4, etc., are present in the gases introduced into the chamber 21, the temperature of the spiral tube 20 can be kept at a temperature above the dewpoint of these specie to eliminate any corrosion.
The embodiment of ~ig. 4 is similar to that of Figs. 1-3, and identical components will be given the same reference nu~bers.
According to the em~odiment of ~is. 4, an additional spiral coil tube, shown in general by the reference numerai 30 is sandwicned between the liner 12 and the metallic shell 10, and has a continuous fin 32 attached thereto and extend-ing for the length of the tu~e.
.
7~ I
As shown in Pig. 5, a plurality of anchors 34 extend from the interior side of the fin 32 into the refractory material of the liner 12 to anchor the latter in place.
The spiral coil portion of the tube 30 is shaped to conform to the shape of the shell 10 and includes a conically shapëd lower end portion. The uppe~ portion of the ~piral coil extends horizontally as sllown in Fig. 4, with the adjacent sections of the coil being connected by'the fin 32.
The lower and upper end portions 30a and 30b of the tube 30 extend externally of the shell io as shown and are adapted to be connected to a pump or the like, for circulating a cooling fluid through the tube as in the previous embodi-ment. Since the tube assembly 18 of the shell of Fig. 4 is formed,and cooled in a manner identical to that of the previous embodiment, the entire vessel may be utilized in a very high temperature environment.
It is understood that the shell o the present invention is not limited to cyclone separators as,discussed, in connec-tion with the above two exemplary embodiments. For example, and referring to Fig. 6, the vessel can be a process vessel having an outer metallic shell 40, an inner refractory lining 42 and spiral coil tube 44 sand,wiched therebetween.
The shell 40, ~he lining 42 and the tube 44 each have a necked-down portion in the upper and lower portions of the shell to define an open inlet 46 at the lower end portion of the shell and an outlet 48 at the upper end portion o~ the shell, and a conical portion 50 extending between the lower t necked-down portion and the cylindrical wall portion.
The tube 44 extends in a spiral coil configuration from the lower inlet end portion to the upper outlet end ~ortion of the shell 40 and has two end portions 44a and 44b extending out of tne plane of the shell and functioning as an inlet and outlet, respectively for a cooling fluid as in the previous embodiment.
A continuous fin 52 is connected to the tube ~4 ~nd extends between adjacent tube sections for the entire length of the shell to render the shell gas-tight.
Though not clear from the drawing, it is understood that anclors similar to those disclosed in the previous embodiments can be utilized to anchor the refxactory lining .
42 relative to the spiral coil tube 44. -- ~
A cooling fluid, upon being introduced into the inlet portion 44a of the tube 44 travels the entire distance of the shell before discharging through the outlet end tube ~ - - , . . .: .i portion 44b to maintain the vessel at a lower temperature ( than otilerwise would be possi.ble.
The material to be processed, whether in a solld, liquid or gaseous form, is introduced into the shell inlet 46 ~here it passes upwardly into the shell where the desired reaction is completed, with the reacted material then dis-. .
; charging from the outlet 48.
It is understood that in each of the previ~us embodiments, ; the particular location of the inlet and outlet of the water . .. __ .. _ . ... __, .. ._ . _~ __ .. . . ., . . .. ,.. .. . . .. . . _ . _ . .
. . ~,~' . .
tubes can be varied within the scope of the invention. For example, both the inlet and outlet end portions of the water tube can be located at the upper portion of the shell as shown by the reference numerals 44c and 44d, respectively, in Fig. 6. In this conflguration the water would flow down- j wardly through alternating sections of the spiral coil tube and then upwardly through other alternating sections before discharging from the outlet end portion 44d. It is understood that this circuit can also be incorporated in any of the 2revious embodiments.
In each of the embodiments of the present invention, a shell is provided with or without a discharge tube, that is stable from a structural standpoint, yet is immune to corro-sion and can withstand relative high temperatures.
A latitude of modification, change and substitution is intended in the foregoing disclosure and in some instances some features of the invention will be employed without a corresponding use of other features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention therein.
_g_
Claims (11)
1. A vessel for separating entrained particles from a gas, comprising a metallic shell having a vertically extending axis, a circular cross section, and first and second openings in its upper end and its lower end, respectively; a refractory lining extending around said shell; a first tube formed into a first spiral coil extending between said shell and said lining;
means for introducing a cooling fluid into said first tube;
an inlet in communication with the interior of said shell and disposed in tangential relation to said shell so that said gas and entrained particles are discharged tangentially into the interior of said shell for separating said gases from said entrained particles by centrifugal forces said inlet being located in the upper portion of said shell so that the separated particles fall by gravity into the lower portion of said shell and dis-charge through said second opening; a second tube formed into a second spiral coil extending through said first opening for providing an outlet for the separated gas which rises into said upper portion by convection; a layer of insulation material surrounding said second spiral coil; means for introducing cooling fluid into said second spiral coil; and a first and second continuous fin extending from said first and second tubes, respectively, for the lengths of said tubes and welded to adjacent sections of said tubes to render said first and second spiral coils airtight.
means for introducing a cooling fluid into said first tube;
an inlet in communication with the interior of said shell and disposed in tangential relation to said shell so that said gas and entrained particles are discharged tangentially into the interior of said shell for separating said gases from said entrained particles by centrifugal forces said inlet being located in the upper portion of said shell so that the separated particles fall by gravity into the lower portion of said shell and dis-charge through said second opening; a second tube formed into a second spiral coil extending through said first opening for providing an outlet for the separated gas which rises into said upper portion by convection; a layer of insulation material surrounding said second spiral coil; means for introducing cooling fluid into said second spiral coil; and a first and second continuous fin extending from said first and second tubes, respectively, for the lengths of said tubes and welded to adjacent sections of said tubes to render said first and second spiral coils airtight.
2. The vessel of Claim 1 further comprising anchor means extending from said first fin into said refractory lining for anchoring said refractory lining.
3. The vessel of Claim 1 further comprising anchor means extending from said second fin into said insulation material for anchoring said insulation material.
4. The vessel of Claim 2 further comprising anchor means extending from said second fin into said insulation material for anchoring said insulation material.
5. The vessel of Claim 1 wherein a portion of said second tube extends within said shell and defines an annular chamber communicating with said inlet.
6. The vessel of Claim 2 wherein a portion of said second tube extends within said shell and defines an annular chamber communicating with said inlet.
7. The vessel of Claim 3 wherein a portion of said second tube extends within said shell and defines an annular chamber communicating with said inlet.
8. The vessel of Claim 4 wherein a portion of said second tube extends within said shell and defines an annular chamber communicating with said inlet.
9. The vessel of Claim 1, Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein said means for introducing cooling fluid into said second spiral coil comprises an extension of said second tube, said extension extending from one end of said second spiral coil, across said vessel and through said vessel for connection to a source of said fluid, and further comprising insulation material extending around said extension.
10. The vessel of Claim 4, Claim 5 or Claim 6 wherein said means for introducing cooling fluid into said second spiral coil comprises an extension of said second tube, said extension extending from one end of said second spiral coil, across said vessel and through said vessel for connection to a source of said fluid, and further comprising insulation material extending around said extension.
11. The vessel of Claim 7 or Claim 8 wherein said means for introducing cooling fluid into said second spiral coil comprises an extension of said second tube, said extension extending from one end of said second spiral coil, across said vessel and through said vessel for connection to a source of said fluid, and further comprising insulation material extending around said extension.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000475710A CA1274791A (en) | 1985-03-04 | 1985-03-04 | Spiral coil cool wall construction for high temperature cylindrical furnaces, vessels, cyclones, etc. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000475710A CA1274791A (en) | 1985-03-04 | 1985-03-04 | Spiral coil cool wall construction for high temperature cylindrical furnaces, vessels, cyclones, etc. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1274791A true CA1274791A (en) | 1990-10-02 |
Family
ID=4129956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000475710A Expired - Fee Related CA1274791A (en) | 1985-03-04 | 1985-03-04 | Spiral coil cool wall construction for high temperature cylindrical furnaces, vessels, cyclones, etc. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1274791A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-03-04 CA CA000475710A patent/CA1274791A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |