CA1256055A - Brine acidification in 3-compartment electrodialytic water splitter - Google Patents
Brine acidification in 3-compartment electrodialytic water splitterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1256055A CA1256055A CA000447943A CA447943A CA1256055A CA 1256055 A CA1256055 A CA 1256055A CA 000447943 A CA000447943 A CA 000447943A CA 447943 A CA447943 A CA 447943A CA 1256055 A CA1256055 A CA 1256055A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- membrane
- compartments
- compartment
- stream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 title abstract description 25
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 156
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 88
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 84
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 59
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- -1 bipolar Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 154
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 73
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 73
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 53
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 31
- 229940060038 chlorine Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 235000017168 chlorine Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 210000000188 diaphragm Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940037395 electrolytes Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940021384 salt irrigating solution Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000112839 Ampheres Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007038 hydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003845 mercury-cell process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/445—Ion-selective electrodialysis with bipolar membranes; Water splitting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US47477183A | 1983-03-14 | 1983-03-14 | |
| US474,771 | 1983-03-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1256055A true CA1256055A (en) | 1989-06-20 |
Family
ID=23884857
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000447943A Expired CA1256055A (en) | 1983-03-14 | 1984-02-21 | Brine acidification in 3-compartment electrodialytic water splitter |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0121611B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS59182979A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1256055A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3381495D1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6058230A (ja) * | 1983-09-09 | 1985-04-04 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 排煙脱硫方法および装置 |
| US4652054A (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1987-03-24 | Intermountain Research & Development Corporation | Solution mining of trona or nahcolite ore with electrodialytically-produced aqueous sodium hydroxide |
| US4740281A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-04-26 | Allied Corporation | Recovery of acids from materials comprising acid and salt |
| EP0330772B1 (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1993-05-26 | Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of double decomposition of neutral salt |
| US4839056A (en) * | 1988-06-02 | 1989-06-13 | Cahn Robert P | Recovery and concentration of aqueous acids and bases |
| DE3834807A1 (de) * | 1988-10-13 | 1990-05-10 | Kali Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von kohlensauren salzen von alkalimetallen |
| US5162076A (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1992-11-10 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Method for purification of acids from materials comprising acid and salt |
| JPH03130031A (ja) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-06-03 | Harashima Kogyo Kk | 温風マット |
| RU2108413C1 (ru) * | 1990-06-07 | 1998-04-10 | Стерлинг Кэнада, Инк. | Способ получения водного подкисленного раствора, содержащего хлоратные ионы, способ электрохимической обработки водного раствора смеси солей щелочных металлов, способ получения двуокиси хлора |
| US5431792A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-07-11 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Method of making hypophosphorous acid |
| JPH10128338A (ja) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-19 | Ebara Corp | 電気再生式連続脱塩装置のスケール析出防止方法及び装置 |
| BR112022005286B1 (pt) * | 2019-09-25 | 2023-03-14 | De Nora Permelec Ltd | Estrutura empilhada que inclui eletrodos |
| CA3243044A1 (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2025-02-27 | The Res Foundation For The State Univeristy Of New York | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENHANCING THE ALKALINITY OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL OCEAN |
| CN114592206A (zh) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-06-07 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 离子膜电解系统、电解制氢制备烧碱和盐酸的系统及方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4057481A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1977-11-08 | Allied Chemical Corporation | High performance, quality controlled bipolar membrane |
| JPS5484892A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-07-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolysis of sodium chloride employing cation exchange membrane |
| US4219396A (en) * | 1979-08-03 | 1980-08-26 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Electrodialytic process |
| US4391680A (en) * | 1981-12-03 | 1983-07-05 | Allied Corporation | Preparing alkali metal hydroxide by water splitting and hydrolysis |
-
1983
- 1983-12-30 DE DE8383113236T patent/DE3381495D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-12-30 EP EP83113236A patent/EP0121611B1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-02-21 CA CA000447943A patent/CA1256055A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-13 JP JP59048036A patent/JPS59182979A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6221873B2 (enExample) | 1987-05-14 |
| EP0121611A2 (en) | 1984-10-17 |
| EP0121611A3 (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| JPS59182979A (ja) | 1984-10-17 |
| DE3381495D1 (de) | 1990-05-31 |
| EP0121611B1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |