CA1252558A - Ultrasonic transducer - Google Patents
Ultrasonic transducerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1252558A CA1252558A CA000449456A CA449456A CA1252558A CA 1252558 A CA1252558 A CA 1252558A CA 000449456 A CA000449456 A CA 000449456A CA 449456 A CA449456 A CA 449456A CA 1252558 A CA1252558 A CA 1252558A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- ultrasonic transducer
- transducer according
- receiving layer
- adaptation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Ultrasonic transducer with a support body, an emitting layer of a material having a relatively high dielectric constant and with a first A/4 adap-tation layer facing the emitting layer as well as a second A/4 adaptation layer facing a load. According to the invention, the second A/4 adaptation layer is provided at the same Time as the receiving layer and the first A/4 adaptation layer functions, at the same time, as a hard backing for the receiving layer.
Thereby one obtains an ultrasonic transducer with an emitting layer adapted to a load in a low-reflection manner and with a receiving layer which is exceedingly sensitive.
Ultrasonic transducer with a support body, an emitting layer of a material having a relatively high dielectric constant and with a first A/4 adap-tation layer facing the emitting layer as well as a second A/4 adaptation layer facing a load. According to the invention, the second A/4 adaptation layer is provided at the same Time as the receiving layer and the first A/4 adaptation layer functions, at the same time, as a hard backing for the receiving layer.
Thereby one obtains an ultrasonic transducer with an emitting layer adapted to a load in a low-reflection manner and with a receiving layer which is exceedingly sensitive.
Description
5~;~ 83 P 3n7s llS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVE~TION
This invention is related to an ultrasonic transducer with a sur~ort body, an emitting layer constructed of a material of rel~tively high dielectric constant, a first ~/~ adaptation layer facing the cnitting layer and a second /4 adap-tation layer facing a load.
In medical ultrasonic diagnostics and in non-destructive material tes~ing, ultrasonic broadband transducers are used. In particular, in medical applications, where a coupling must be effected between tissue and an acoustic transducer with a minimum of loss, an improvement of the electromechanical and acoustic properties of these transducer systems is required.
An ultrasonic transducer is known whose ceramic transducer is adapt-ed to a load medium comprised of tissue or water by two ~/~ ada~tation layers.
This transducer system contains a backing layer of epoxy resin having an acoustic impedance of 3 X 106 Pas/msa ceramic transducer, a first ~/4 adaptation layer of glass having an acoustic impedance of 10 X 106 Pas/m and a second ~ adaptation layer of polyacryl or of epoxy resin having an acoustic impedance of 3 X 106 Pas/m. The ceramic transducer is applied on a backing. The glass plate serving as a first adaptation layer is applied with an adhesive of very low viscosity, so that bonding layers in the range of about 2 micron are obtained. The epoxy resin, as tlle second adaptation layer, is poured directly on the first adaptation layer ("Exl~erirnental Studies for the Construction of Ultrasonic Broadband Trans-ducers, " Biomedizinische Technik, Vol. 27, No. 7 to 8, 1')82, pages 182 to 185).
By this double ~/~ adaptation one achieves only an irnprovement of the sensitivity and of the bandwidth of the ceramic emitting layer. The bandwidth of this ultra-sonic transducer is about 60 to 70% of the center frequency.
In addition, an ultrasonic transducer is known which contains an emitting layer of a material with a relatively high dielectric constant and high .
~252~
acoustic impedance and a receiving layer of a material with a relatively low dielectric constant and low acoustic impedance, which are connected face-to-face ln a hybrid fashion. I'he emitting layer consists for example of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT or lead metaniobate Pb(NO3)~ The receiving layer, on the other hand, consists of a piezoelectric plastic foil with an acoustic impedance of about 3 X 106 Pas/m, for example polyvinyli~enefluoride PVDF or polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride PVC. The receiving layer serves at the same time as the adaptation layer for transmitting purposes (German patent 29 14 031). The receiving layer used as the adaptation layer for adaptation to body tissues, however, can be formed only as a singly ~/4 layer. Here, however, the adaptation layer for transmittlng is not a single ~/4 adaptation.
For single ~/4 adaptation there results from known deviation theories an adaptation layer with an acoustic impedance of about 7 X 106 Pas/m.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
-It is an object of the invention to provide an ultrasonic transducer with an effective br~adband transmitter and a sensitive ~ and broadband receiver.
It is another object of the invention to provide a transducer with a ceramic oscillator material for an emmitting layer which is adaptable to tissue or water and which provides a broadband response.
-2a-Thus, in accordance with a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided an ultrasonic transducer of the type having a support body, an emitting layer of material having a relatively high dieleetric eonstant and high acoustic impedanee, a first ~/4 adaptation layer facing said emitting layer, and a seeond ~/4 adaptation layer faeing toward a load, wherein the improvement eomprises a receiving layer, said secona ~/4 adaptation layer being provided at the same time as said receiving layer and said first ~/4 adaptation layer being provided to also function as a backing for said receiving layer.
Due to the fact that the second ~/4 adaptation layer funetions at the same time as a reeeiving layer and that the first ~/4 adaptation layer serves at the same time as a baeking for the reeeiving layer, one obtains an ultrasonic transducer whose emitting layer is adapted to a load with low reflection charaeteristies and with a reeeiving layer whieh is exceedingly sensitive and broadbanded.
In an especially advantageous embodiment of the ultra-sonie transdueer, the reeeiving layer comprises a staek of thin ~ piezoeleetrie plastie foils ~25Z~
electrically connected in series. Through this design of the receiving layer it is easier to polarize the individual piezoelectric ~plastic foils because o:f their small thickness.
In another advantageous embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer, the receiving layer consists of an active and a passive piezolelectric plastic foil, the active piezoelectric plastic foil being disposed on the first adaptation layer, and the passive piezoelectric plastic foil being turned toward the load.
The thickness of the passive piezoelectric plastic foil is a multiple of the thickness of the active piezoelectric plastic foil. Through this design of the receiving layer one obtains a broadband, sensitive ultrasonic transducer of rel-atively high capacitance and a correspondingly low internal impedance.
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments, and from the claims.
For a full understanding of the present invention, reference should now be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention and to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF '~E DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows an ultrasonic transducer according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention.
~O Figure 3 illustrates a still further embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention will now be described with reference to Figure 1. An ultrasonic transducer which contains a support body 2, an emitting layer 4, and two ~/4 adaptation layers. The second ~/4 adaptation layer is provided at the same time as a receiving layer 6. The first ~/~ adaptation layer 8 faces toward the emitting layer ~ and functions at the same time as backing for the receiving layer 6. All layers may be joined together, ~r~ploying h,vbrid techniques, pre-ferably over a large area. At a given resonance frequcncy the thicknesses of theadaptation layers measure a quarter wavclength in each instance. At a resonance frequency of for instance 10 Mllz, the thickness of the adaptation layers is forexample, 55 microns and at a resonance frequency of for instance 2 ~1Hz, the thickness of the adaptation layers is for example, 275 microns. For emitting layer 4 it is advantageous to use a material with a relatively high dielectric constant and high acoustic impedance, for example a piezoelectric material. It is preferred that an emitting layer 4 of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT or lead metaniobate Pb~NO3) be used. The two adaptation layers have the task to adapt different acoustic impedances to one another and achieve low reflection. }lere one must adapt the emitting layer of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT having an acous-tic impedance of approximately 30 X 106 Pas/m to a load of for example, tissue or water, having an acoustic impedance of 1.5 X 106 Pas/m. To obtain optimum low-reflection coupling there is known from pertinent theory a multi-step trans-formation with two A/4 adaptation layers, through which an input reflection fac-tor is approximated according to the Tschebyscheff formula. From this there results for the first ~/4 adaptation layer 8 an acoustic impedance of about 14 X lO Pas/m and for the second ~/4 adaptation layer an acoustic impedance of about 4 X 106 Pas/m. The first adaptation layer 8 may be co~prised of, for ex-ample, porcelain, preferably quartz glass, in particular a glass-like substance (Macor). For the second adaptation layer polyvinly chloride PVC, in particular polvvulylidene flouride PVDF may be used.
So that the second adaptation layer will function, at the same time, as the receiving layer 6, the polyvinlidene fluoride PVDF layer must be polar-ized and provided with electric terminals which are not shown in Figure 1.
;~
~252~5i~3 .
lhrough this design one obtains a broadband and sensitive ultrasonic transducer which, in particular because of its low-reflection coupling between tissue and ultrasonic transducer which is very useful in the field of medicine.
In the particularly advantageous form of realization which is shown in Figure 2, the receiving layer 6 consists of a stack of thin piezoelectric plastic foils 10 electrically connected in series. These piezoelectric plastic foils 10 are each polarized in the same direction, and the thickness of the stack is one quarter wavelength at a predetermined resonance frequency. Up to a frequency of for example 4 MHz the stack may appropr~tely consist for example of 25 micron thick plastic foils 10, while for higher frequencies the stack may be composed of plastic foils 10 with a micron thickness of 9 microns for example. As material for the piezoelectric plastic foils of the receiving layer 6 polyvinyl chloride PVC, in particular polyvinylideile fllloride PVDF, may be used.
Due to this realization of the reciving layer 6, which comprises thin piezoelectric plastic foils which is 9 to 25 micro~ls thick, very good polarization is achieved.
In a further embodiment according to Figure 3, the receiving layer 6 consists of an active piezoelectric plastic foil 12 and a thicker passive piezo-electric plastic foil 14. The thickness of the passive piezoelectric plastic 20 foil 14 of the receiving layer 6 is a multiple, for example 2 to lS times, of the thickness of the active piezoelectric plastic foil 12 of the receiving layer 6.
The active piezoelectric plastic foil 12, which is for example 25 micron thick, is arranged on the first ~/4 adaptation layer 8, and the passive piezoelectric p]as-tic foil 14 faces toward the load. Also in the form of realization one used as material for the piezoelectric plastlc foils of the receiving layer 6 for example polyvinylchloride PVC, in particular polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF. Both the active ~2~25~
and the passive piezoelectric plastic foils 12 and 1~ consist of the same mater-ial, the active piezoelectric plastic foil 12 being polarized.
Through this design of the receiving layer 6 one obtains a broad-band and sensitive ultrasonic transducer with relatively great capacitance and correspondingly low internal impedance with a relatively small spatial dimensions.
There has thus been shown and described a novel ultrasound trans-ducer which fulfills all the objects and advantages sought therefor. ~lany changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the subject invention will, however, become apparent to those skilled in the art after con-sidering this specification and the accompanying drawings which disclose pre-ferred embodiments thereof. All such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which is limited only by the claims which follow.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVE~TION
This invention is related to an ultrasonic transducer with a sur~ort body, an emitting layer constructed of a material of rel~tively high dielectric constant, a first ~/~ adaptation layer facing the cnitting layer and a second /4 adap-tation layer facing a load.
In medical ultrasonic diagnostics and in non-destructive material tes~ing, ultrasonic broadband transducers are used. In particular, in medical applications, where a coupling must be effected between tissue and an acoustic transducer with a minimum of loss, an improvement of the electromechanical and acoustic properties of these transducer systems is required.
An ultrasonic transducer is known whose ceramic transducer is adapt-ed to a load medium comprised of tissue or water by two ~/~ ada~tation layers.
This transducer system contains a backing layer of epoxy resin having an acoustic impedance of 3 X 106 Pas/msa ceramic transducer, a first ~/4 adaptation layer of glass having an acoustic impedance of 10 X 106 Pas/m and a second ~ adaptation layer of polyacryl or of epoxy resin having an acoustic impedance of 3 X 106 Pas/m. The ceramic transducer is applied on a backing. The glass plate serving as a first adaptation layer is applied with an adhesive of very low viscosity, so that bonding layers in the range of about 2 micron are obtained. The epoxy resin, as tlle second adaptation layer, is poured directly on the first adaptation layer ("Exl~erirnental Studies for the Construction of Ultrasonic Broadband Trans-ducers, " Biomedizinische Technik, Vol. 27, No. 7 to 8, 1')82, pages 182 to 185).
By this double ~/~ adaptation one achieves only an irnprovement of the sensitivity and of the bandwidth of the ceramic emitting layer. The bandwidth of this ultra-sonic transducer is about 60 to 70% of the center frequency.
In addition, an ultrasonic transducer is known which contains an emitting layer of a material with a relatively high dielectric constant and high .
~252~
acoustic impedance and a receiving layer of a material with a relatively low dielectric constant and low acoustic impedance, which are connected face-to-face ln a hybrid fashion. I'he emitting layer consists for example of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT or lead metaniobate Pb(NO3)~ The receiving layer, on the other hand, consists of a piezoelectric plastic foil with an acoustic impedance of about 3 X 106 Pas/m, for example polyvinyli~enefluoride PVDF or polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride PVC. The receiving layer serves at the same time as the adaptation layer for transmitting purposes (German patent 29 14 031). The receiving layer used as the adaptation layer for adaptation to body tissues, however, can be formed only as a singly ~/4 layer. Here, however, the adaptation layer for transmittlng is not a single ~/4 adaptation.
For single ~/4 adaptation there results from known deviation theories an adaptation layer with an acoustic impedance of about 7 X 106 Pas/m.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
-It is an object of the invention to provide an ultrasonic transducer with an effective br~adband transmitter and a sensitive ~ and broadband receiver.
It is another object of the invention to provide a transducer with a ceramic oscillator material for an emmitting layer which is adaptable to tissue or water and which provides a broadband response.
-2a-Thus, in accordance with a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided an ultrasonic transducer of the type having a support body, an emitting layer of material having a relatively high dieleetric eonstant and high acoustic impedanee, a first ~/4 adaptation layer facing said emitting layer, and a seeond ~/4 adaptation layer faeing toward a load, wherein the improvement eomprises a receiving layer, said secona ~/4 adaptation layer being provided at the same time as said receiving layer and said first ~/4 adaptation layer being provided to also function as a backing for said receiving layer.
Due to the fact that the second ~/4 adaptation layer funetions at the same time as a reeeiving layer and that the first ~/4 adaptation layer serves at the same time as a baeking for the reeeiving layer, one obtains an ultrasonic transducer whose emitting layer is adapted to a load with low reflection charaeteristies and with a reeeiving layer whieh is exceedingly sensitive and broadbanded.
In an especially advantageous embodiment of the ultra-sonie transdueer, the reeeiving layer comprises a staek of thin ~ piezoeleetrie plastie foils ~25Z~
electrically connected in series. Through this design of the receiving layer it is easier to polarize the individual piezoelectric ~plastic foils because o:f their small thickness.
In another advantageous embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer, the receiving layer consists of an active and a passive piezolelectric plastic foil, the active piezoelectric plastic foil being disposed on the first adaptation layer, and the passive piezoelectric plastic foil being turned toward the load.
The thickness of the passive piezoelectric plastic foil is a multiple of the thickness of the active piezoelectric plastic foil. Through this design of the receiving layer one obtains a broadband, sensitive ultrasonic transducer of rel-atively high capacitance and a correspondingly low internal impedance.
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments, and from the claims.
For a full understanding of the present invention, reference should now be made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention and to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF '~E DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows an ultrasonic transducer according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention.
~O Figure 3 illustrates a still further embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention will now be described with reference to Figure 1. An ultrasonic transducer which contains a support body 2, an emitting layer 4, and two ~/4 adaptation layers. The second ~/4 adaptation layer is provided at the same time as a receiving layer 6. The first ~/~ adaptation layer 8 faces toward the emitting layer ~ and functions at the same time as backing for the receiving layer 6. All layers may be joined together, ~r~ploying h,vbrid techniques, pre-ferably over a large area. At a given resonance frequcncy the thicknesses of theadaptation layers measure a quarter wavclength in each instance. At a resonance frequency of for instance 10 Mllz, the thickness of the adaptation layers is forexample, 55 microns and at a resonance frequency of for instance 2 ~1Hz, the thickness of the adaptation layers is for example, 275 microns. For emitting layer 4 it is advantageous to use a material with a relatively high dielectric constant and high acoustic impedance, for example a piezoelectric material. It is preferred that an emitting layer 4 of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT or lead metaniobate Pb~NO3) be used. The two adaptation layers have the task to adapt different acoustic impedances to one another and achieve low reflection. }lere one must adapt the emitting layer of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT having an acous-tic impedance of approximately 30 X 106 Pas/m to a load of for example, tissue or water, having an acoustic impedance of 1.5 X 106 Pas/m. To obtain optimum low-reflection coupling there is known from pertinent theory a multi-step trans-formation with two A/4 adaptation layers, through which an input reflection fac-tor is approximated according to the Tschebyscheff formula. From this there results for the first ~/4 adaptation layer 8 an acoustic impedance of about 14 X lO Pas/m and for the second ~/4 adaptation layer an acoustic impedance of about 4 X 106 Pas/m. The first adaptation layer 8 may be co~prised of, for ex-ample, porcelain, preferably quartz glass, in particular a glass-like substance (Macor). For the second adaptation layer polyvinly chloride PVC, in particular polvvulylidene flouride PVDF may be used.
So that the second adaptation layer will function, at the same time, as the receiving layer 6, the polyvinlidene fluoride PVDF layer must be polar-ized and provided with electric terminals which are not shown in Figure 1.
;~
~252~5i~3 .
lhrough this design one obtains a broadband and sensitive ultrasonic transducer which, in particular because of its low-reflection coupling between tissue and ultrasonic transducer which is very useful in the field of medicine.
In the particularly advantageous form of realization which is shown in Figure 2, the receiving layer 6 consists of a stack of thin piezoelectric plastic foils 10 electrically connected in series. These piezoelectric plastic foils 10 are each polarized in the same direction, and the thickness of the stack is one quarter wavelength at a predetermined resonance frequency. Up to a frequency of for example 4 MHz the stack may appropr~tely consist for example of 25 micron thick plastic foils 10, while for higher frequencies the stack may be composed of plastic foils 10 with a micron thickness of 9 microns for example. As material for the piezoelectric plastic foils of the receiving layer 6 polyvinyl chloride PVC, in particular polyvinylideile fllloride PVDF, may be used.
Due to this realization of the reciving layer 6, which comprises thin piezoelectric plastic foils which is 9 to 25 micro~ls thick, very good polarization is achieved.
In a further embodiment according to Figure 3, the receiving layer 6 consists of an active piezoelectric plastic foil 12 and a thicker passive piezo-electric plastic foil 14. The thickness of the passive piezoelectric plastic 20 foil 14 of the receiving layer 6 is a multiple, for example 2 to lS times, of the thickness of the active piezoelectric plastic foil 12 of the receiving layer 6.
The active piezoelectric plastic foil 12, which is for example 25 micron thick, is arranged on the first ~/4 adaptation layer 8, and the passive piezoelectric p]as-tic foil 14 faces toward the load. Also in the form of realization one used as material for the piezoelectric plastlc foils of the receiving layer 6 for example polyvinylchloride PVC, in particular polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF. Both the active ~2~25~
and the passive piezoelectric plastic foils 12 and 1~ consist of the same mater-ial, the active piezoelectric plastic foil 12 being polarized.
Through this design of the receiving layer 6 one obtains a broad-band and sensitive ultrasonic transducer with relatively great capacitance and correspondingly low internal impedance with a relatively small spatial dimensions.
There has thus been shown and described a novel ultrasound trans-ducer which fulfills all the objects and advantages sought therefor. ~lany changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the subject invention will, however, become apparent to those skilled in the art after con-sidering this specification and the accompanying drawings which disclose pre-ferred embodiments thereof. All such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which is limited only by the claims which follow.
Claims (16)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Ultrasonic transducer of the type having a support body, an emitting layer of a material having a relatively high dielectric constant and high acoustic impedance, a first A/4 adaptation layer facing said emitting layer, and a second A/4 adaptation layer facing toward a load, wherein the improvement com-prises a receiving layer, said second A/4 adaptation layer being provided at the same time as said receiving layer and said first A/4 adaptation layer being provided to also function as a backing for said receiving layer.
2. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said receiving layer is a stack of thin piezoelectric plastic foils electrically connected in series.
3. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said receiving layer is an active piezoelectric plastic foil and a passive piezoelectric plastic foil.
4. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 3, wherein said active piezoelectric plastic foil of said receiving layer is arranged on said first A/4 adaptation layer and wherein the passive piezoelectric plastic foil of the receiving layer faces toward said load.
5. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of said passive piezoelectric plastic foil of said receiving layer is a multiple of the thickness of the active piezoelectric plastic foil of said receiving layer.
6. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said emitting layer is comprised of lead-zirconate-titanate PZT.
7. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said emitting layer is comprised of lead metaniobate Pb(N03).
8. Ultrasonie transducer according to claim 1, wherein said second A/4 adaptation layer has an acoustic impedance of about 4 X 106 Pas/m and said firstA/4 adaptation layer has an acoustic impedance of about 14 X 106 Pas/m.
9. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 6, wherein said second A/4 adaptation layer has an acoustic impedance of about 4 X 106 Pas/m and said first A/4 adaptation layer has an acoustic impedance of about 14 X 106 Pas/m.
10. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said receiving layer is comprised of piezoelectrie plastic foils.
11. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 10, wherein said piezoelectrie plastic foils of said receiving layer are comprised of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF.
12. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 10, wherein said piezoelectric plastic foils of said receiving layer are comprised of polyvinyl chloride PVC.
13. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said piezoelectric plastic foils of said receiving layer are comprised of polyvinyl chloride PVC.
14. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said first A/4 adaptation layer is comprised of quartz glass.
15. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein said first A/4 adaptation layer is comprised of a glass-like substance.
16. Ultrasonic transducer according to claim l, wherein said first A/4 adaptation layer is comprised of porcelain.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3309236.2 | 1983-03-15 | ||
| DE19833309236 DE3309236A1 (en) | 1983-03-15 | 1983-03-15 | ULTRASONIC CONVERTER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1252558A true CA1252558A (en) | 1989-04-11 |
Family
ID=6193523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000449456A Expired CA1252558A (en) | 1983-03-15 | 1984-03-13 | Ultrasonic transducer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0118837B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59161800U (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE35338T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1252558A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3309236A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5392090B2 (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2014-01-22 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Ultrasonic wave receiving vibrator, manufacturing method thereof, ultrasonic probe, and ultrasonic medical diagnostic imaging apparatus |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3422115A1 (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-12-19 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER SYSTEM |
| DE3430186A1 (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1986-02-27 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A POROUS PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL AND MATERIAL PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
| DE3501808A1 (en) * | 1985-01-21 | 1986-07-24 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | ULTRASONIC CONVERTER |
| DE3665949D1 (en) * | 1985-08-09 | 1989-11-02 | Siemens Ag | Ultrasonic generator |
| DE3839057A1 (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-05-23 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Array-type probe |
| DE3932959C1 (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1991-04-11 | Richard Wolf Gmbh, 7134 Knittlingen, De | |
| US5263004A (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1993-11-16 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Acoustic image acquisition using an acoustic receiving array with variable time delay |
| EP0451517B1 (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1996-05-01 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Acoustic image acquisition |
| DE19714606A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-15 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Ultra sound transmitter and receiver for motor vehicle distance warning system |
| EP1042653A1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2000-10-11 | Simmonds Precision Products Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid gauging system |
| DE102007027277A1 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-12-18 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | ultrasonic sensor |
| EP2444166A1 (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-04-25 | Fujifilm Corporation | Ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic probe and producing method |
| US11806749B2 (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-11-07 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Ultrasonic transducer for flow measurement |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4016530A (en) * | 1975-06-02 | 1977-04-05 | Goll Jeffrey H | Broadband electroacoustic converter |
| NL7904924A (en) * | 1979-06-25 | 1980-12-30 | Philips Nv | ACOUSTIC TRANSDUCER. |
| JPS57141199A (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1982-09-01 | Aloka Co Ltd | Ultrasonic wave probe |
| US4427912A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-01-24 | Ausonics Pty. Ltd. | Ultrasound transducer for enhancing signal reception in ultrasound equipment |
-
1983
- 1983-03-15 DE DE19833309236 patent/DE3309236A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-02-29 EP EP84102147A patent/EP0118837B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-02-29 AT AT84102147T patent/ATE35338T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-02-29 DE DE8484102147T patent/DE3472318D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-09 JP JP1984034047U patent/JPS59161800U/en active Granted
- 1984-03-13 CA CA000449456A patent/CA1252558A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5392090B2 (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2014-01-22 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Ultrasonic wave receiving vibrator, manufacturing method thereof, ultrasonic probe, and ultrasonic medical diagnostic imaging apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0453117Y2 (en) | 1992-12-14 |
| DE3309236A1 (en) | 1984-09-20 |
| ATE35338T1 (en) | 1988-07-15 |
| JPS59161800U (en) | 1984-10-30 |
| EP0118837B1 (en) | 1988-06-22 |
| EP0118837A2 (en) | 1984-09-19 |
| EP0118837A3 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| DE3472318D1 (en) | 1988-07-28 |
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