CA1246352A - Thrust stud - Google Patents
Thrust studInfo
- Publication number
- CA1246352A CA1246352A CA000483222A CA483222A CA1246352A CA 1246352 A CA1246352 A CA 1246352A CA 000483222 A CA000483222 A CA 000483222A CA 483222 A CA483222 A CA 483222A CA 1246352 A CA1246352 A CA 1246352A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sleeves
- concrete
- thrust
- terized
- charac
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In order to join concrete floor elements to walls such that expansion gaps are preserved between the two, thrust studs must be employed. Since the round cross sectional shapes of the steel bars and sleeves can transmit only relatively modest loads to the surround-ing concrete without causing damage, the steel bars are joined together by connecting plates, and the sleeves are joined together by other connecting plates, provid-ing increased bearing area. In this way the thrust stud can transmit high loads to the concrete elements with-out causing damage. A front plate attached to the sleeves facilitates installation of the thrust stud in the concrete form used for producing the concrete elements, since said plate can be nailed to said form.
In order to join concrete floor elements to walls such that expansion gaps are preserved between the two, thrust studs must be employed. Since the round cross sectional shapes of the steel bars and sleeves can transmit only relatively modest loads to the surround-ing concrete without causing damage, the steel bars are joined together by connecting plates, and the sleeves are joined together by other connecting plates, provid-ing increased bearing area. In this way the thrust stud can transmit high loads to the concrete elements with-out causing damage. A front plate attached to the sleeves facilitates installation of the thrust stud in the concrete form used for producing the concrete elements, since said plate can be nailed to said form.
Description
''' 12g635~
The present invention relates to a thrust stud, particularly for joining concrete floor elements to each other and to concrete wall elements, such that an expansion gap remains between the individual floor ele-ments or between the floor element and the wall element.
Structures comprised o walls and floor elements always present the problem of positioning the floor ele-ments between or against the walls in such a way that no damage occurs from natural expansion. Customarily, for each orthogonal, horizontal direction the floor element is caused to abut on at least one of its sides against bearing elements, rather than being rigidly and permanently affixed to the wall itself. Under this arrangement, sliding bearing means are provided between the bearing elements and the floor, in order to avoid thrust damage to the bearing elements and thus to the wall.
'rhis technique has proven feasible, but has the disadvantage that the wall structures must be overly thick, due to the bearing elements which are required.
Also, the sliding bearing means must be carefully in-stalled in order to ensure that they function correctly.
'rO avoid these disadvantages, thrust studs have been developed in which a steel bar extends on one end into a sleeve, such that, when the bar is fixedly cast into the wall or into an end face of a floor element, and the sleeve is cast into the opposing element, -which is a floor element, the said opposing element can glide over the free end of the bar. This avoids . .
,~
~24~352 the combination of bearing elements and sliding bearing means, yet still relieves the floor from having to accommodate the expansion play.
These known thrust studs, however, have their own disadvantages. The concrete surrounding them is sub-jected to enormous stresses. The entire weight of the floor elements which abut the wall is borne in very small regions of the wall.
This leads to the development of cracks and locally excessive compression of the concrete, with direct consequences to the safety of the structure. The only remedial measure available is to employ a large number of such thrust studs, which becomes expensive.
Accordingly, the object of the invention is to devise a thrust stud which h'as the advantages of the known elements of the general type and does not have the disadvantages of the said known elements, in par-ticular being improved in the areas of safety and economy.
A construction in accordance with the present invention comprises a thrust stud located within an expansion gap between two concrete elements and in-cludes at least two steel bars extending between the concrete elements which are joined together in parallel orientation by at least one steel plate. The thrust stud further comprises at least two sleeves mounted in one of the concrete elements and re-spectively slidably receiving respective ends of the steel bars. The sleeves are jointed together in ~ ~4~352 parallel orientation by at least one other steel plate in one of the concrete elements. The longitudinal axis of the axes of the sleeves is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axes of the steel bars wherein the steel bars are fixedly mounted to the other of the concrete elements and are slidable within the sleeves to thereby enable expansion and contraction of the gap.
Two advantageous embodiments of the inventive thrust stud are described hereinafter, with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a partial longitudinal cross section, side view, of the first embodiment of an in-ventive thrust stud;
Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal cross section, top view, of the same thrust stud;
Fig. 3 is a transverse cross section of the same thrust stud;
Fig. 4 is a side view of the element with the bars, of a second embodiment of an inventive thrust stud;
and Fig. 5 is a front view of the element of Fig. 4, with the force exertion plate indicated by the dashed line.
In Fig. 1 the dot-dashed lines represent a concrete floor element 1 which is joined, by means of an inventive thrust stud 4, to a wall 2 in which a ~
second concrete floor element 3 has been incorporated.
4~35~:
The thrust stud, as seen best from Fig. 2, is comprised of two steel bars 5 and two sleeves 6. The two steel bars 5 are joined together on the top and bottom by respective steel plates 7, and in the same way the two sleeves 6 are joined together by two steel plates 8.
Advantageously, the steel plates are joined to the respective members, bars or sleeves, by welding, whereby the longitudinal axes M of the steel bars 5 coincide with the longitudinal axes _ of the sleeves 6.
Thereby it is assured that the sleeves 6can slide freely over the steel bars 5 without problems, i.e.
seizing.
The sleeves 6 joined by the steel plates 8 are also joined to a front plate 9 which promotes easy mounting of the thrust stud.4 in the concrete form used in producing the concrete floor element 1 before the concrete is poured, since the front plate can be nailed to the form planks on the end face of the floor element 1, via spikes or nails run from the inside of the floor element, (floor element cavity in the form) through the holes 10 (Fig. 3) provided therefor.
Figs 4 and 5 illustrate a second advantageous embodiment of the inventive thrust stud, wherein the two steel bars 5' are joined together by a single steel plate 7'. The element, with the sleeves, not shown, also has only a single joining plate. Since this embodiment of the thrust stud is particularly suited for vertical construction, it comprises compressive ~2,~f~3SZ
reinforcing means 11 in the form of steel reinforcing bars which fixedly anchor the two elements (the steel bars 5' and the sleeves) in the concrete, against movement along the longitudinal axes M and m of the said steel bars 5' and sleeves, and which reinforcing bars transmit to the concrete the forces borne by the said two elements, said transmission being in an improved manner and over an increased surface.
In order to be able to more easily position the assembly with the two steel bars 5' in the concrete floor element 3, and in particular to improve the transmission, into the surrounding concrete, of the forces borne by said bars, the steel bars 5' are advantageously provided with a force transmission plate 12 which in the completed structure comes to rest against the end face of the concrete floor element.
If the material used for the inventive thrust stud 4 is exclusively high strength material which is also corrosion resistant, it may beemployed without 20 problems in all applications. Because both the steel bars 5 and the sleeves 6 are joined by plates 7 and 8, respectively, to form assemblies which are rigid to bending, the inventive thrust stud when installed horizontally can bear very large lateral thrusts without suffering damage.
If floor elements having extremely high weights or loads are to be inserted between walls, inventive ~L24~3~
thrust studs according to the first embodiment may be installed also in a vertical orientation. In such cases, Leonhard's law is no longer followed with regard to the section modulus and moment of inertia. Rather, the thrust stud is the equivalent of a solid, vertical support. In such installation configurations the two steel bars 5 no longer operate as individual bars. In any event a precondition is that the steel plates bind the bars and the sleeves, respectively, together in such a way as to produce an assembly which is rigid to bending.
Some of the features of the inventive thrust stud may be varied from those of the above-described advantageous embodiments without experiencing loss of the advantages afforded. Thu's, it is possible that the material of the sleeves 6, the plates 8 joining them, and the front plate 9 may be high strength plastic rather than corrosion-resistant steel, and that the assembly comprising the sleeves 6, plates 8, and front plate 9 may have a unitary structure. Further, more than two bars and two sleeves, respectively, may be ~oined by connecting plates to form rigid assemblies of a plurality of bars, and a plurality of sleeves, respectively.
The present invention relates to a thrust stud, particularly for joining concrete floor elements to each other and to concrete wall elements, such that an expansion gap remains between the individual floor ele-ments or between the floor element and the wall element.
Structures comprised o walls and floor elements always present the problem of positioning the floor ele-ments between or against the walls in such a way that no damage occurs from natural expansion. Customarily, for each orthogonal, horizontal direction the floor element is caused to abut on at least one of its sides against bearing elements, rather than being rigidly and permanently affixed to the wall itself. Under this arrangement, sliding bearing means are provided between the bearing elements and the floor, in order to avoid thrust damage to the bearing elements and thus to the wall.
'rhis technique has proven feasible, but has the disadvantage that the wall structures must be overly thick, due to the bearing elements which are required.
Also, the sliding bearing means must be carefully in-stalled in order to ensure that they function correctly.
'rO avoid these disadvantages, thrust studs have been developed in which a steel bar extends on one end into a sleeve, such that, when the bar is fixedly cast into the wall or into an end face of a floor element, and the sleeve is cast into the opposing element, -which is a floor element, the said opposing element can glide over the free end of the bar. This avoids . .
,~
~24~352 the combination of bearing elements and sliding bearing means, yet still relieves the floor from having to accommodate the expansion play.
These known thrust studs, however, have their own disadvantages. The concrete surrounding them is sub-jected to enormous stresses. The entire weight of the floor elements which abut the wall is borne in very small regions of the wall.
This leads to the development of cracks and locally excessive compression of the concrete, with direct consequences to the safety of the structure. The only remedial measure available is to employ a large number of such thrust studs, which becomes expensive.
Accordingly, the object of the invention is to devise a thrust stud which h'as the advantages of the known elements of the general type and does not have the disadvantages of the said known elements, in par-ticular being improved in the areas of safety and economy.
A construction in accordance with the present invention comprises a thrust stud located within an expansion gap between two concrete elements and in-cludes at least two steel bars extending between the concrete elements which are joined together in parallel orientation by at least one steel plate. The thrust stud further comprises at least two sleeves mounted in one of the concrete elements and re-spectively slidably receiving respective ends of the steel bars. The sleeves are jointed together in ~ ~4~352 parallel orientation by at least one other steel plate in one of the concrete elements. The longitudinal axis of the axes of the sleeves is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axes of the steel bars wherein the steel bars are fixedly mounted to the other of the concrete elements and are slidable within the sleeves to thereby enable expansion and contraction of the gap.
Two advantageous embodiments of the inventive thrust stud are described hereinafter, with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a partial longitudinal cross section, side view, of the first embodiment of an in-ventive thrust stud;
Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal cross section, top view, of the same thrust stud;
Fig. 3 is a transverse cross section of the same thrust stud;
Fig. 4 is a side view of the element with the bars, of a second embodiment of an inventive thrust stud;
and Fig. 5 is a front view of the element of Fig. 4, with the force exertion plate indicated by the dashed line.
In Fig. 1 the dot-dashed lines represent a concrete floor element 1 which is joined, by means of an inventive thrust stud 4, to a wall 2 in which a ~
second concrete floor element 3 has been incorporated.
4~35~:
The thrust stud, as seen best from Fig. 2, is comprised of two steel bars 5 and two sleeves 6. The two steel bars 5 are joined together on the top and bottom by respective steel plates 7, and in the same way the two sleeves 6 are joined together by two steel plates 8.
Advantageously, the steel plates are joined to the respective members, bars or sleeves, by welding, whereby the longitudinal axes M of the steel bars 5 coincide with the longitudinal axes _ of the sleeves 6.
Thereby it is assured that the sleeves 6can slide freely over the steel bars 5 without problems, i.e.
seizing.
The sleeves 6 joined by the steel plates 8 are also joined to a front plate 9 which promotes easy mounting of the thrust stud.4 in the concrete form used in producing the concrete floor element 1 before the concrete is poured, since the front plate can be nailed to the form planks on the end face of the floor element 1, via spikes or nails run from the inside of the floor element, (floor element cavity in the form) through the holes 10 (Fig. 3) provided therefor.
Figs 4 and 5 illustrate a second advantageous embodiment of the inventive thrust stud, wherein the two steel bars 5' are joined together by a single steel plate 7'. The element, with the sleeves, not shown, also has only a single joining plate. Since this embodiment of the thrust stud is particularly suited for vertical construction, it comprises compressive ~2,~f~3SZ
reinforcing means 11 in the form of steel reinforcing bars which fixedly anchor the two elements (the steel bars 5' and the sleeves) in the concrete, against movement along the longitudinal axes M and m of the said steel bars 5' and sleeves, and which reinforcing bars transmit to the concrete the forces borne by the said two elements, said transmission being in an improved manner and over an increased surface.
In order to be able to more easily position the assembly with the two steel bars 5' in the concrete floor element 3, and in particular to improve the transmission, into the surrounding concrete, of the forces borne by said bars, the steel bars 5' are advantageously provided with a force transmission plate 12 which in the completed structure comes to rest against the end face of the concrete floor element.
If the material used for the inventive thrust stud 4 is exclusively high strength material which is also corrosion resistant, it may beemployed without 20 problems in all applications. Because both the steel bars 5 and the sleeves 6 are joined by plates 7 and 8, respectively, to form assemblies which are rigid to bending, the inventive thrust stud when installed horizontally can bear very large lateral thrusts without suffering damage.
If floor elements having extremely high weights or loads are to be inserted between walls, inventive ~L24~3~
thrust studs according to the first embodiment may be installed also in a vertical orientation. In such cases, Leonhard's law is no longer followed with regard to the section modulus and moment of inertia. Rather, the thrust stud is the equivalent of a solid, vertical support. In such installation configurations the two steel bars 5 no longer operate as individual bars. In any event a precondition is that the steel plates bind the bars and the sleeves, respectively, together in such a way as to produce an assembly which is rigid to bending.
Some of the features of the inventive thrust stud may be varied from those of the above-described advantageous embodiments without experiencing loss of the advantages afforded. Thu's, it is possible that the material of the sleeves 6, the plates 8 joining them, and the front plate 9 may be high strength plastic rather than corrosion-resistant steel, and that the assembly comprising the sleeves 6, plates 8, and front plate 9 may have a unitary structure. Further, more than two bars and two sleeves, respectively, may be ~oined by connecting plates to form rigid assemblies of a plurality of bars, and a plurality of sleeves, respectively.
Claims (8)
1. A thrust stud located within an expansion gap between two concrete elements and characterized in that it comprises at least two steel bars (5) extending between said concrete elements which are joined together in parallel orientation by at least one steel plate (7), and further comprises at least two sleeves (6) mounted in one of said concrete ele-ments and respectively slidably receiving respective ends of said steel bars, which sleeves are joined together in parallel orientation by at least one other steel plate (8), in said one of said concrete elements whereby the longitudinal axis (m) of the sleeves (6) can be brought into an orientation para-llel to the longitudinal axes (M) of the steel bars (5), said steel bars being fixedly mounted to the other of said concrete elements and slidable within said sleeves to thereby enable expansion and con-traction of said gap.
2. A thrust stud according to claim 1, charac-terized in that the steel bars (5) are joined together by two connecting plates (7) and the sleeves (6) are joined together by two connecting plates (8).
3. A thrust stud according to claim 2, charac-terized in that at least the sleeves (6) are joined at their end faces to a front plate (9).
4. A thrust stud according to claim 3, charac-terized in that the sleeves (6), the connecting plates (8), and the front plate (9) is a unitary structure comprised of high-strength plastic material.
5. A thrust stud according to claim 1, charac-terized in that it further comprises compressive reinforcing bars disposed perpendicularly to the connecting plates (7, 8; 7', 8').
6. A thrust stud according to claim 1, charac-terized in that the sleeves (6; 6') as well as the bars (5; 5') are provided with front plates (9; 9';
12).
12).
7. A thrust stud according to claim 1, charac-terized in that it is furnished for horizontal incor-poration in walls and floor elements.
8. A thrust stud according to claim 1, charac-terized in that it is furnished for vertical incor-poration in walls and floor elements.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000483222A CA1246352A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-06-05 | Thrust stud |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000483222A CA1246352A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-06-05 | Thrust stud |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1246352A true CA1246352A (en) | 1988-12-13 |
Family
ID=4130644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000483222A Expired CA1246352A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-06-05 | Thrust stud |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1246352A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113107087A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-07-13 | 商丘市华商建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of bottom assembled frame structure system |
-
1985
- 1985-06-05 CA CA000483222A patent/CA1246352A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113107087A (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2021-07-13 | 商丘市华商建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of bottom assembled frame structure system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |