CA1245986A - Hair treatment composition for prevention of dandruff in hair - Google Patents

Abstract

HAIR TREATMENT COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTION OF
DANDRUFF IN HAIR

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A hair treatment composition comprising 0.1% by weight or more of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide and 0.03%
by weight or more of vitamine E acetate in an aqueous medium.
This hair treatment composition can effectively prevent dandruff in the hair without causing adverse side effects to the skin or scalp.

Description

S9~36 HAIR TREATMENT COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTION OE
DANDRUFF IN HAIR

BACKGROUND OE THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hair treatment composition suitable for use in preventing dandruff (or scurf) in the hair. More specifically, it relates to a hair treatment composition suitable for use in preventing dandruff in the hair containing, as effective or active ingredients, trichlorocarbanilide tor triclocarban) and vitamin E acetate (i.e., the acetic acid ester of vitamin E).

2. Description of the Related Art It is generally believed that dandruff is composed of, for example, secretions from the sebaceous glands, secretions of the sweat glands, and the scalings of the cuticle layers, and that dandruff is profused by excess secreations of, for example, the sebaceous glands. It is further believed that, when the skin or scalp is infected with bacteria or yeasts, dandruff is abnormally accelerated. For this reason, hair treatment compositions containing bacteriocides have been hereto-fore used for preventing dandruff in the hair. For example, it is well-known in the art that zinc pyrithione (i.e., "ZPT" hereinbelow) when used in the haîr treatment composition is the most effective agent for preventing dandruff in the hair.
However, some bacteriocides have adverse side effects and, therefore, it is desirable to avoid the use of a relatively large amount of bactericides in hair - treatment compositions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the objects of the present invention are to eliminate the above-mentioned problems and to provide a hair treatment composition having no adverse ., i;2~5~36 side effects on the skin or scalp and capable of effec-tively preventing dandruff in the hair.
Other objects and advantages of the present inven-tion will be apparent from the description set forth hereinbelow.
In accordance with the present invention~ there is provided an aqueous anti-dandruff composition consisting essentially of 0.15% to 0.5% by ~eight of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (i.e., "TCC" hereinbelow) and 0.04%
to 0.3% by weight of vitamin E acetate (i.e., "VEA"
hereinbelow) in an aqueous medium, the weight ratio of

3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide to the vitamin E acetate being 12.5:1 to 0.5:1.
D~SC~IPTION OF THE PR~FERRED EM~ODI~EN~S
According to the present invention, dandruf~ is effectively prevented by the use of the hair treatment composition containing, as effective or active ingredi-ents, TCC and VEA. Although it is not clearly understood how dandruf~ in the hair can be prevented by the hair treatment composition according to the present invention, it i5 believed, without prejudice to the present inven-tionl that the metabolic reac~ion in the scalp is adequately or moderately adjusted to prevent dandruff in the hair. It has been ~ound that the effect of the combined use of TCC and VEA on the prevention of dandruff in the hair is far superior to that of the sole use of TCC or VE~ and is also superior to that of the use of conventional ZP~.
The TCC usable as one of the active ingredients in the hair treatment composition is 3,4,4'-trichloro-carbanilide, which is commercially available in the name of ~CC. TCC is generally produced in the form of a white powder and is generally soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, dimethylformamide, methylisobutylketone, and dioxane and certain polyols such as polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and butylene glycol.
.~ However, TCC is insoluble or only slightly soluble in water and alcohols te.g., ethanol). TCC can be readily formulated into hair treatment compositions in any S9~6 conventional manner already used for formulating powdery substances into cosmetic compositions. For example, TCC
can be dispersed in an aqueous or oily medium by a conventional agitating means.
VEA usable as the other active ingredient in the hair treatment composition is a viscous amorphous oily substance, and is soluble in, for example, fats and fatty oils, paraffins, and organic solvents such as acetone, methanol, ethanol, and chloroform. ~Iowever, VEA is insoluble or only slightly soluble in water or aqueous organic solvents. VEA can be formulated in any conventional manner already used for ~ormulating oily substances into cosmetic compositions.
A too small amount of TCC or VEA contained in the hair treatment composition is not effective for prevent-ing dandruff in the hair~ Accordingly, the hair treat-ment composition according to the present invention should contain 0.1~ by weight or more, preferably 0.1 to 1~ by weight, of TCC and 0.03~ by weight or more, preferably 0.03% to 3~ by weight, of VEA in an aqueous medium.
When TCC alone is formulated in an amount of 3% by weight or more, preferahly 5% by weight or more, into a hair treatment composition, the desired prevention of dandruff in the hair can be obtained. However, when a too large amount of TCC is formulated into a hair treatment composition, adverse side effects are likely to occur together with stability problems in the disper-sion or solution systems. For this reason, the use of a large amount of TCC in the hair treatment composition should be avoided.
Furthermore, when VEA alone is formulated in an ~ amount of l~ by weight or more into a hair treatment composition, the resultant hair treatment composition can prevent dandruff in the hair. However, when VEA is used in combination with 0.1~ by weight of TCC in a hair treatment composition, only a very small amount (i.e., 0.03~ by weight or more) of VEA is sufficient to provide a dandruff preventing effect superior to or comparable to that of ZPT conventionally used in hair treatment compositions.
The term "a hai~ treatment composition" used herein includes any cosmetic composition capable of being applied to the hair or scalp. Examples of such cosmetic compositions are hair tonics, hair liquids, liquid creams for scalp treatment, hair creams, hair shampoos, hair rinses, hair conditioners, hairdressing, and hair sprays .
The hair treatment composition according to the present invention can be prepared by including the above-mentioned amounts of TCC and VEA in any aqueous medium in any conventional manner. The aqueous medium can optionally contain any conventional optional ingredi-ents used in cosmetic treatments. Examples of such optional ingredients are 1% to 75% by weight of alcohols such as ethanol~ 0.1% to 50% by weight of oily components such as octyldodecanol, mineral oil, silicone oil, fatty alcohols, and squalane, 0.01~ to 70% by weight of .surfactants such as polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polysorbates, lauryl ether sul~ates cocoamphoglici-nates, and coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.1% to 30%
by weight of humectant such as glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and butylene glycol, 0.01~ to 5% by weight of thickening agents such as methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxyvinylpolymer, magnesium aluminum silicate, and xantham gum, 0.001~ to 0.5% by weight of preser~atlves such as parabenes, and benzoic acid and the salts thereof, 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of ultraviolet absorbers - such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 0.00001% to 0.1~ by weight of coloring agents such as dyes and pigments and 0~01% to 3% by weight of various perfumes.
EXAMPLES
The present invention ~ill now be further illus-5~8~

trated by, but is by no means limited to, the followingexamples.
Example 1 A 0.3% weight of TCC and 0. lQo by weight of VEA were formulated into a hair shampoo. The antidandruff effect of this hair shampoo was evaluated as compared with a shampoo containing ZPT.
A 15 g amount of triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, 5 g of coconut fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.3 g of TCC, 0.1 g of VEA, and appropriate amounts of a coloring agent ~i.e.~ FD fi C yellow No. 5~ and a perfume were added in that order into 79.6g of purified water (i.e., deionized water~. The mixture was heated to a tempera-ture of 70C for 30 minutes, while stirring, and the resultant mixture was cooled to a room temperature.
Thus, a hair shampoo composition I was obtained.
As a control, a commercially available hair shampoo composition II containing 1% by weight of ZPT was used.
The e~fects of the hair shampoo compositions I
and II on the prevention of dandruff were evaluated by using a test panel comprising 5 males aged 22 to 36 .having a scalp condition wherein a relatively large amount of dandruff is profused.
A sample of each of the hair shampoo compositions I
and II was applied to 3 males.
The test was carried out as follows. That is, the hair was washed with a conventional shampoo before the start of the test. The dandruff accumulated for three days after the shampooing was collected and weighed.
Furthermore, the hair was washed with the above-mentioned hair shampoo composition I or ~I once every three days for one month and, thereafter, the dandruff accumulated - for three days after the final shampooing during the test period was weighed. The collection of the accumu-lated dandruff was carried out by cleaning the head portion with a suction device provided with a cloth filter.

, . . .~ . . . .

:~245986 -- 6 ~

The results were as shown in Table 1. The dandruff reduction percentage in the case o~ each shampoo composi-tion was calculated as follows:
Amount of dandruff~ fAmc~nt of dandruffl . ~before test I ~1 month after test/
Reductlon (%) = -- - - x 100 Amount of dandruff ~efore test Table 1 .
~unt of dandruff (m~) ' Sample Panel Before 1 month Reduction ~verage test after test am~unt tmq) reduction .,.
Shampoo I 1 45.43 32.34 28~8 (TCC + VE~~ 51.68 25.39 50.9 36.8 3 39.67 23.85 30.6 Shampoo II4 123.2 90.2 26.8 (ZPT) i 5 42.6 29.8 30.0 30.4 6 33.4 2l.9 34 D 4 As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the shampoo composition I containing TCC and VEA according to the present invention exhibited the antidandruff effects approximately comparable to or somewhat superior to that of the shampoo composition II.
The effects of the hair shampo~ compositions on the prevention of dandruff were evaluated by changing the concentrations of TCC and VEA. The samples were prepared by formulating TCC and VEA in the amounts listed in Table 2 into a commercially available shampoo composition comprising containing sodium lauryl ethe.r sulfate and coconut fatty acid diethanolamide in an aqueous medium.

_ 7 _ 12 ~59B6 Table 2 Concentrating of TCC Concentration of VEA
Sample No. (~ by wei~ht) (% by w~ight) ;
1 5.0 0 2 0.5 0 3 0.5 0.1

4 0.3 0 0.3 0.1 6 0.1 0,Q5 7 0.1 0.1 8 0 0.5 The test was carried out by using 40 males aged 22 to 36 randomly selected and divided into 8 groups. Each sample was applied to 5 males in each group.
The shampoo sample was applied to the hair after the hair was washed once three days. The amount of dandruff accumulated for three days after the final shampooing before the test and the amount of dandruff accumulated for three days after the final shampooing during the test period was weighed. From the amounts of the accumulated dandruff thus obtained, the reduction percentage of the dandruff by the use of the shampoo composition was calculated as mentioned above. The results were evaluated as effective where the reduction percentage was not less than 10% and as ineffective where the reduction percentage was less than 10%.
The results were as shown in Table 3.

~z~

Table 3 Effect on prevention of dandruff Sa~ple No.
Effective Inef~ective (No. of male~)(No. of males) 2 ~ 5 As is clear from the results shown in Table 3, no effect on the prevention of dandruff was exhibited for all of the five members in the case of sample No. 4 containing 0.3% by weight of TCC alone. Contrary to this, the desired effect on the prevention of dandruff was exhibited for all of the five members in the case of sample No. 5 containing both 0.3% by weight of TCC and O.1% by weight of VEA.
Furthermore, it was observed that I10 effect was exhibited for all of the five members in the case of sample No. 2 containing only 0.5% by weight of TCC, whereas the desired effect was exhibited for four in five members in the case of sample No. 3 containing both 0.5% by weight of TCC and 0.1% by weight of VEA.
Contrary to above, no effect was exhibited in the case of sample No. 8 containing 0.5% by weight of VEA
alone.

~598~

g As is clear rom the above results, the desired effect on the prevention of dandruff can be ex~ibited by using shampoo compositions containing 0~3% by we.ight or more of TCC and 0.1~ by weight or more of VEA~
Example 2 A shampoo composition having the following composi-tion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

_ Inqredients ~ by weiaht :
Sodium lauryl sulfate 5 Lauryl sulfate - triethanolamine 5 Lauryl dimethylamino acetic acid betaine 6 Ethylene glycol distearate 2 Polyethylene glycol (M.W. = 400) 5 TCC 0.3 VE~ O . 1 Perfwme O.3 Purified water to 100~
b~ weight The resultant shampoo composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, in comparison with a comparative shampoo composition containing neither TCC
nor VEA. As a result, the desired effect on preventing dandruff was obtained for five members in the shampoo composition obtained above.
~ E~
A shampoo composition having the following composi-tion was prepaxed in the same manner as in Example 1.

~, LS~6 I_~redients% by weight Polyoxyethylene (Ave. E.O. = 3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate - Na 10 Polyoxyethylene (Ave. E.O. = 3 mol) lauryl ether sulfate - trie ~ nolamine 7 Lauric acid diethanol amide 4 Dipropylene glycol 5 TCC 0,3 VE.P~. O . 1 Per ~.e 0,3 Purified water to 100%
by weight The resultant shampoo composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, in comparison with a comparative shampoo composition containing neither TCC
nor VEA. As a result, the desired antidandruff effects were obtained for five members in the shampoo composition obtained above.
Example 4 A shampoo composition having the following composi-tion was prepared in the same manner as in Lxample 1.

,~

59~6 In~redients _ % bY weight Sodium lauro~l methyl taurine 10 Lauryl dimethyl aminoacetic acid be ~ ne 8 Lauric acid diethanol amide 4 Ethylene glycol fatty acid ester 1.5 Polyethylene glycol (M.W. = 1500) 5 TCC 0.3 VE~ O . 1 Perfume 0.3 Purified water to 100~
by weight The resultant shampoo composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, in comparison with a comparative shampoo composition containing neither TCC
nor VE~. As a result, the desired effect on preventing dandruff was obtained for five members in the shampoo composition obtained above.
Example 5 A shampoo composition having the following composi-tion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

L?~ 6 Inaredients% by weight _ Sodium cocoyl methyl taurine10 A ~ 1 (Cll) imidazolinium betaine 6 Coconut fatty acid die ~ nol amide Polyoxyethylene ~Ave. E.O. = 13 mol) polyoxypropylene (Ave. P.O. = 30 mol~
block poly~er 3 VE.~ O . 1 Per~u~e 3 Purified water to 100%
by weight The resultant shampoo composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, in comparison with a - comparative shampoo composition containing neither TCC
nor VEA. As a result, the desired antidandruff effects were obtained for five members in the shampoo composition obtained above.
Example 6 A shampoo composition having the following composi-tion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

9~

In~redients _ % by weiqht Sodium lauroyl sarcosine lO
Lauryl di~ethylamino acetic acid betaine 8 Lauric acid diethanol amide 4 Polyoxypropylene lAve. P.O. = 9 mol) diglyc ~ l ether 5 TCC 0'3 V~P,. O . 1 Perfume 0.3 Purified water to 100%
by wei~ht The resultant shampoo composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, in comparison with a comparative shampoo composition containing neither TCC
nor VEA. As a result, the desired antidandruf effects were obtained for five members in the shampoo composition obtained above.
Examples 7 to 13 Hair rinse compositions having the composi~ions listed in Table 4 were prepared in the manner as des-cribed in Example l.
The antidandruff effects of the resultant rinsecompositions thus prepared were evaluated as follows.
That is, the hair was washed with a conventional shampoo composition containing neither TCC nor VEA, and then treated with the hair rinse compositions obtained above. The results were evaluated in the same manner as in Exa~ple l.
-~4~i98~

Table 4 % by weight Example No.
Ingredients - -7 8 9 10 11* 12* 13*
Dipropylene glycol 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Stearyl trimethylammonium chloride 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Stearyl alcohol Polyoxyethylene (Ave. EØ=
60 mol) hydrogenated castor 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 oil Glyceryl stearate 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 TCC 002 0.3 0.15 0.5 0.5 0 0.05 VEA 0.05 0.1 0.3 0.0~ 0 0.5 0.01 Perfume 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Purified water Amount to 100% by weight in total Anti- EffectiVe 4 5 ~ 4 0 dandruff (No. of members) effect (total 5 Ineffective 1 0 1 1 5 5 5 members) (No. of nembers) ___ _ _ . .. .
* Cc~parative Examples ~2~5~318~

As is clear from the results shown in Table 4, the hair rinse compositions of Examples 7 to lO according to the present invention exhibited the desired antidandruff effects.
Example 14 A hair tonic composition having the following composition was prepared by first mixing the ingredients other than water, while stirring, followed by adding water thereto.

In~redients ~ by we~
95% ethyl alcohol 50 Polyoxyethylene (E.O.= 40 mol) hydrogenated castor oil 0.5 VE~ ' 0.1 Per~m~
Water to 100~
by weight The resultant hair tonic composition exhibited excellent antidandruff effects, when tested in a manner as in Example 1 Example 15 A hair liquid composition having the following composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 14.

5~8~;

Ingredients% by weight 95% ethyl alcohol 50 Polyoxypropylene (P.O. = 40 mol) butyl alcohol 15 . 0.1 Perfume 0.5 Purified water to 100%
by weight The resultant hair liquid composition exhibited excellent antidandruff effects when evaluated in a manner as in Example 1.
Example 16 A hair cream composition having the following composition was prepared by first mixing, while stirring, the ingredients of Part ~A~ upon heating, and then adding the resultant mixture to the heated mixture of Part IB~ followed by cooling.

~2~5986 Part (A) Ingredients % by weight Liquid paraffin 15 Cetyl alcohol 5 Vaseline 4 Glycerine monostearate 3 Polyoxyethylene tE.O. = 20 mol) oleyl alcohol TCC 0.3 VE.P. O . 1 Perfume 5 Part tB) Ingredients ~ by weight Dipropylene glycol 10 Purified water to 100% by weight in total of (A) & tB) .

The resultant O/W type hair cream composition exhibited excellent antidandruff effects, when evaluated in a manner as in Example 1.
Example 17 A hair lotion having the following composition was prepared by mixing, while stirring, the ingredients of Part (A), and then adding the resultant mixture to the mixture of Part (B).

Part (A) Ingredients % by weight 95% Ethyl alcohol 40 Dim~ethylpolysiloxane O.5 Liquid paraffin 0.5 Polyoxyethylene (E.O. = 40 mole) hydrogenated oil 0.5 Acrylic resin alkanol amine solution 0.5 TCC
VEP,, O . 1 Perfume 0.2 Part (B) ngredients ~ by weight Dipropylene glycol 3 Purifled water to 100% by weight in total of (A) ~ (B) 1.

The resultant hair lotion obtained above exhibited ! excellent antidandruff effects, when evaluated in a manner as in Example 1.
Example 18 A hair lotion having the following composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 17.

9~36 Part (A) Ingredients _ % bY weight 95~ Ethyl alcohol 50 Dimethyl polysiloxane 2 Liquid paraffin 2 Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 0.3 TCC 0~3 O . 1 Perfume 0.2 Part tB~
Inqredients % by weight 1,3-Prcpylene glycol 5 Purified water to 100% by weight in total of (A) & tB) The resultant hair lotion composition ob~ained above exhibited excellent antidandruff effects.

.

Claims

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE property OR PRIVILEGE
IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. An aqueous anti-dandruff composition consisting essentially of 9.15 to 0.5% by weight of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide and 0.04% to 0.3% by weight of vitamin E acetate in an aqueous medium, the weight ratio of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide to the vitamin E acetate being 12.5:1 to 0.5:1.