CA1234597A - Electrical devices comprising ptc elements - Google Patents
Electrical devices comprising ptc elementsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1234597A CA1234597A CA000468044A CA468044A CA1234597A CA 1234597 A CA1234597 A CA 1234597A CA 000468044 A CA000468044 A CA 000468044A CA 468044 A CA468044 A CA 468044A CA 1234597 A CA1234597 A CA 1234597A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- elongate
- fabric
- ptc
- electrodes
- ztc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940093470 ethylene Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001082241 Lythrum hyssopifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)C=C QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US55264983A | 1983-11-17 | 1983-11-17 | |
| US552,649 | 1990-07-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1234597A true CA1234597A (en) | 1988-03-29 |
Family
ID=24206213
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000468044A Expired CA1234597A (en) | 1983-11-17 | 1984-11-16 | Electrical devices comprising ptc elements |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0144187B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPS60130085A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE73598T1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1234597A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE3485566D1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4700054A (en) * | 1983-11-17 | 1987-10-13 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising fabrics |
| US4689475A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1987-08-25 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices containing conductive polymers |
| DE102011086448A1 (de) | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-16 | Margarete Franziska Althaus | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelements |
| ITUB20154266A1 (it) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-09 | Thermo Eng S R L | Pannello riscaldante, e procedimento per la sua produzione |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR938257A (fr) * | 1946-02-25 | 1948-09-09 | Safeway Heat Elements | élément de chauffage |
| US3513297A (en) * | 1967-05-31 | 1970-05-19 | Gulton Ind Inc | Heat radiating articles |
| ES454025A1 (es) * | 1975-12-08 | 1977-11-16 | Raychem Corp | Perfeccionamientos en elementos de calentamiento. |
| US4246468A (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1981-01-20 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices containing PTC elements |
| DE8023501U1 (de) * | 1980-09-03 | 1981-01-29 | Marvad Electro-Textile Ltd., Tel Aviv (Israel) | Elektrisch beheizbare verkleidungsbahn |
-
1984
- 1984-11-16 JP JP59243133A patent/JPS60130085A/ja active Granted
- 1984-11-16 AT AT84307984T patent/ATE73598T1/de active
- 1984-11-16 EP EP84307984A patent/EP0144187B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-16 CA CA000468044A patent/CA1234597A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-11-16 DE DE8484307984T patent/DE3485566D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0144187A1 (en) | 1985-06-12 |
| DE3485566D1 (de) | 1992-04-16 |
| JPH0584039B2 (ja) | 1993-11-30 |
| ATE73598T1 (de) | 1992-03-15 |
| JPS60130085A (ja) | 1985-07-11 |
| EP0144187B1 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |