CA1224353A - Procedure for washing cellulose - Google Patents
Procedure for washing celluloseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1224353A CA1224353A CA000433382A CA433382A CA1224353A CA 1224353 A CA1224353 A CA 1224353A CA 000433382 A CA000433382 A CA 000433382A CA 433382 A CA433382 A CA 433382A CA 1224353 A CA1224353 A CA 1224353A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- washing
- washing zone
- fluid
- drained
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940106135 cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/02—Washing ; Displacing cooking or pulp-treating liquors contained in the pulp by fluids, e.g. wash water or other pulp-treating agents
- D21C9/06—Washing ; Displacing cooking or pulp-treating liquors contained in the pulp by fluids, e.g. wash water or other pulp-treating agents in filters ; Washing of concentrated pulp, e.g. pulp mats, on filtering surfaces
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In a process for washing cellulose in a drum a conti-nuous web is conducted through a plurality of mutually separated washing zones and in the procedure the pure washing liquid is introduced at the washing step which is last in the direction of travel of the web. This liquid displaces suspension fluid con-tained in the web and the latter is urged with the aid of a drained fluid pipe system to a washing step located upstream in the web's direction of travel and the displaced suspension fluid repeats the displacement washing process performed by the pure washing liquid in the last washing step. This process is repeated until each washing step has received a flow of washing liquid. To utilize the concentration raising capacity of the washing process and apparatus, before discharging the pulp, part of the drained fluid pipe system is emptied and the drained fluid therefrom obtained is returned to an earlier washing step.
In a process for washing cellulose in a drum a conti-nuous web is conducted through a plurality of mutually separated washing zones and in the procedure the pure washing liquid is introduced at the washing step which is last in the direction of travel of the web. This liquid displaces suspension fluid con-tained in the web and the latter is urged with the aid of a drained fluid pipe system to a washing step located upstream in the web's direction of travel and the displaced suspension fluid repeats the displacement washing process performed by the pure washing liquid in the last washing step. This process is repeated until each washing step has received a flow of washing liquid. To utilize the concentration raising capacity of the washing process and apparatus, before discharging the pulp, part of the drained fluid pipe system is emptied and the drained fluid therefrom obtained is returned to an earlier washing step.
Description
The present invention relates to a process for washing cellulose in a drum in a manner known per se, in which process a continuous web is conducted through a plurality of isolated wash-ing zones and in which, in the last washing step in the travel-ling direction of the web, the pure washing liquid is introducedwhich displaces suspension fluid contained in the web, which fluid is by a drained fluid pipe system urged to a washing step earlier in the travelling direction o~ the web, where said sus-pension fluid repeats the displacement washing effected by the pure washing liquid at the last washing step, this being repeated until all washing steps have been gone through.
The most common process of washing cellulose is to use three or four drums pro~ided with a wire fabric and constituting a washing line, at the beginning of which the cellulose to be washed is introduced at a dry matter content about 1%. The wash-ing takes place by flushing upon each drum, whereafter the cellu-lose is conducted into the basin of the next drum and the liquid that has passed through the wire is transferred to serve as cleaning water at the preceding washing step. In the basins of the drums, the cellulose is diluted again to be consistent with the original dilution; not until after having ascended onto the drum of the last step is it collected without being diluted after the washing. The dry matter content that can be obtained is on the order of 13 to 15%.
This method is old and traditional and requires ample space and plenty o-f energy because of the complicated matter transporting system. Finnish Patent No. 56865 discloses a more expedient procedure in which the cellulose is washed as a conti-nuous web in that the web being formed in a separate concentra-tion zone is treated in a washing zone comprising 2 to 6, washing steps and in which the washing takes place according to the coun-tercurrent principle by introducing the pressurized pure washing liquid only in the last washing step, in the direction of travel of the web, and which as it percolates through the web displaces ./~' ,\!
,.h - 1 - ~
therein the equivalent quantity of the suspension liquid; -this latter, being sub~ect to the pressure of the pure washing liquid throughout the process, in its turn displa~ing suspension liquid from the portion of the pulp web which is in the penultimate washing step and which proceeds to the next washing step. By this process, about 10% concentration is reached in the washed pulp .
However, this process has certain drawbacks. The drained fluid passing through the pulp cake after the last wash-ing step goes back into the pulp cake as of that part which is in the drained fluid pipe system. Thereby the returning liquid impairs the result of washing. The concentration of the washed pulp should also be as high as possible~ for instance with a view to reducing the evaporating costs.
According to the present invention there is provided in a process for washing cellulose on a drum comprising the steps of conducting a continuous pulp web along a path of travel through a plurality of mutually separated washing zones located sequen-tially on the drum with the pulp web containing fluid as it moves through the washing zones, introducing pure washing liquid into the last washing zone in the path of travel of the pulp web on the drum, displacing the suspension fluid contained in the web in the last washing zone by the introduction of the pure washing liquid, providing a drained fluid pipe system on the drum and using the drained fluid pipe system for directing the displaced suspension fluid from the last washing zone to another washing zone upstream in the path of travel from the last washing zone, introducing the displaced suspension fluid from the last washing zone in the another washing zone for displacing the suspension fluid in the web in the another washing zone, repeating the introducing and displacing steps each time into an upstream wash-ing zone from the washing zone where the displacing step is per-formed until the displaced suspension fluid has been introducedinto each washing zone upstream from the last washing zone, the il, improvement comprising before discharging the pulp web from the drum after the pulp web has traversed the last washing zone, emptying part of the fluid from the drained fluid pipe system at a location downstream from the last washing zone and returning the drained fluid therefrom to a washing zone upstream from the last washing zone.
The present invention thus carries out emptying of the drained fluid pipe system before pulp removal and thereby improves the result of the washing and to increase the end con-centration of the pulp. In the process of the invention before discharging the pulp, part of the drained fluid pipe system is emptied and the drained fluid gathered therefrom is returned to an earlier washing step.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the emptying of the drained fluid pipe system is carried out by draining one pipe at a time through a distribution valve on the end of the drum after the last washing step with sub-atmospheric pressure (vacuum). Hereby no extra piping or valves are required for the emptying process.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention at the emptying location of the drained fluid pipes there is more than one pipe under the effect of vacuum. This means - 2a -thAt ~ach pipe arriving at the emptying point will be emptied o~ drained ~luid an~ will thereafter by subjec-t to vacuum effect for a further brief period. ~lereby, the vacuum will dry the pulp cake in some of the pipes simul-taneously as it drains, one at a time, new pipes arriving a-t the draining point.
In a further advantageous embodiment o~ the invention the drained fluid is collected in ~ separate drained f]uid tank wherefrom it is re-turned by the aid o-E a pump to -the drained fluid feed of an earlier washing s-tep. In this manner, -the washing liquid i~ recovered. The pulp cake may now be detached e.g. wi-th the aid of compressed air conducted into the drained fluid pipes through said distribution valve.
The present invention will be described wi-th refrence to the accompanying drawing, in which the single Figure sche-matically presents an apparatus for washing cellulose pro-vided with an ul-timate concentrator arrangement according to one embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, the pressure washer 1 has been represented with four arrows 2, 3, 4, 5 represen-ting the flow of -the washing liquid. The pure washing liquid i9 in-troduced at the point indicated by the arrow 2, tha-t is, in -the las-t washing step.
The arroTds 3, 4 and 5 show the circula-tion of the washing liquid -through -the washing steps. The pulp supply is at poin-t 6, and the escaping fluid drained in the washing process is indicated by the arrow 7. A means of this kind is preTriously known for instance -through the ~innish Patent No. 56564.
When the washing has proceeded -to the step in which the pulp is detached, at poin-t 13 each drained fluid pipe 14 from the fourth washing step is sucked empty of drained fluid with the aid of Tracuum through the pipe 8 into the tank 9, whence -the drained fluid is returned by the pipe 10 -to the third, i.e. the penul-timate, washing s-tep, as shown by the arrow 3. This empty-35~
i.ng concl,uded, the pul~ web is removed by blowing, in a mannerknown in itself, con~pressed air ln-to one of the drained f].uid pi.pes 15 tha-t has passed -the poi.nt 1~, -through a connector 11.
The poin-t 13 is a component of tne washer, its task and struc tural desi.gn being k~own e.g. through the Finnish Patent No.
5656~. ' This emptying of the drained -fluid pipe and circulating o-f the drained fluid recurs as a continuous process and re~uires no machinery shut-down or other extra measures, at least not in the case of the comparat:ively slow-running cellulose washing apparatus concerned here. ~herefore, in the manner introduced in the foregoing, the result of washing can be subs-tan-tially improved and the end concentration of the pu].p cake can be increased even up to 15~
The most common process of washing cellulose is to use three or four drums pro~ided with a wire fabric and constituting a washing line, at the beginning of which the cellulose to be washed is introduced at a dry matter content about 1%. The wash-ing takes place by flushing upon each drum, whereafter the cellu-lose is conducted into the basin of the next drum and the liquid that has passed through the wire is transferred to serve as cleaning water at the preceding washing step. In the basins of the drums, the cellulose is diluted again to be consistent with the original dilution; not until after having ascended onto the drum of the last step is it collected without being diluted after the washing. The dry matter content that can be obtained is on the order of 13 to 15%.
This method is old and traditional and requires ample space and plenty o-f energy because of the complicated matter transporting system. Finnish Patent No. 56865 discloses a more expedient procedure in which the cellulose is washed as a conti-nuous web in that the web being formed in a separate concentra-tion zone is treated in a washing zone comprising 2 to 6, washing steps and in which the washing takes place according to the coun-tercurrent principle by introducing the pressurized pure washing liquid only in the last washing step, in the direction of travel of the web, and which as it percolates through the web displaces ./~' ,\!
,.h - 1 - ~
therein the equivalent quantity of the suspension liquid; -this latter, being sub~ect to the pressure of the pure washing liquid throughout the process, in its turn displa~ing suspension liquid from the portion of the pulp web which is in the penultimate washing step and which proceeds to the next washing step. By this process, about 10% concentration is reached in the washed pulp .
However, this process has certain drawbacks. The drained fluid passing through the pulp cake after the last wash-ing step goes back into the pulp cake as of that part which is in the drained fluid pipe system. Thereby the returning liquid impairs the result of washing. The concentration of the washed pulp should also be as high as possible~ for instance with a view to reducing the evaporating costs.
According to the present invention there is provided in a process for washing cellulose on a drum comprising the steps of conducting a continuous pulp web along a path of travel through a plurality of mutually separated washing zones located sequen-tially on the drum with the pulp web containing fluid as it moves through the washing zones, introducing pure washing liquid into the last washing zone in the path of travel of the pulp web on the drum, displacing the suspension fluid contained in the web in the last washing zone by the introduction of the pure washing liquid, providing a drained fluid pipe system on the drum and using the drained fluid pipe system for directing the displaced suspension fluid from the last washing zone to another washing zone upstream in the path of travel from the last washing zone, introducing the displaced suspension fluid from the last washing zone in the another washing zone for displacing the suspension fluid in the web in the another washing zone, repeating the introducing and displacing steps each time into an upstream wash-ing zone from the washing zone where the displacing step is per-formed until the displaced suspension fluid has been introducedinto each washing zone upstream from the last washing zone, the il, improvement comprising before discharging the pulp web from the drum after the pulp web has traversed the last washing zone, emptying part of the fluid from the drained fluid pipe system at a location downstream from the last washing zone and returning the drained fluid therefrom to a washing zone upstream from the last washing zone.
The present invention thus carries out emptying of the drained fluid pipe system before pulp removal and thereby improves the result of the washing and to increase the end con-centration of the pulp. In the process of the invention before discharging the pulp, part of the drained fluid pipe system is emptied and the drained fluid gathered therefrom is returned to an earlier washing step.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the emptying of the drained fluid pipe system is carried out by draining one pipe at a time through a distribution valve on the end of the drum after the last washing step with sub-atmospheric pressure (vacuum). Hereby no extra piping or valves are required for the emptying process.
In another advantageous embodiment of the invention at the emptying location of the drained fluid pipes there is more than one pipe under the effect of vacuum. This means - 2a -thAt ~ach pipe arriving at the emptying point will be emptied o~ drained ~luid an~ will thereafter by subjec-t to vacuum effect for a further brief period. ~lereby, the vacuum will dry the pulp cake in some of the pipes simul-taneously as it drains, one at a time, new pipes arriving a-t the draining point.
In a further advantageous embodiment o~ the invention the drained fluid is collected in ~ separate drained f]uid tank wherefrom it is re-turned by the aid o-E a pump to -the drained fluid feed of an earlier washing s-tep. In this manner, -the washing liquid i~ recovered. The pulp cake may now be detached e.g. wi-th the aid of compressed air conducted into the drained fluid pipes through said distribution valve.
The present invention will be described wi-th refrence to the accompanying drawing, in which the single Figure sche-matically presents an apparatus for washing cellulose pro-vided with an ul-timate concentrator arrangement according to one embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, the pressure washer 1 has been represented with four arrows 2, 3, 4, 5 represen-ting the flow of -the washing liquid. The pure washing liquid i9 in-troduced at the point indicated by the arrow 2, tha-t is, in -the las-t washing step.
The arroTds 3, 4 and 5 show the circula-tion of the washing liquid -through -the washing steps. The pulp supply is at poin-t 6, and the escaping fluid drained in the washing process is indicated by the arrow 7. A means of this kind is preTriously known for instance -through the ~innish Patent No. 56564.
When the washing has proceeded -to the step in which the pulp is detached, at poin-t 13 each drained fluid pipe 14 from the fourth washing step is sucked empty of drained fluid with the aid of Tracuum through the pipe 8 into the tank 9, whence -the drained fluid is returned by the pipe 10 -to the third, i.e. the penul-timate, washing s-tep, as shown by the arrow 3. This empty-35~
i.ng concl,uded, the pul~ web is removed by blowing, in a mannerknown in itself, con~pressed air ln-to one of the drained f].uid pi.pes 15 tha-t has passed -the poi.nt 1~, -through a connector 11.
The poin-t 13 is a component of tne washer, its task and struc tural desi.gn being k~own e.g. through the Finnish Patent No.
5656~. ' This emptying of the drained -fluid pipe and circulating o-f the drained fluid recurs as a continuous process and re~uires no machinery shut-down or other extra measures, at least not in the case of the comparat:ively slow-running cellulose washing apparatus concerned here. ~herefore, in the manner introduced in the foregoing, the result of washing can be subs-tan-tially improved and the end concentration of the pu].p cake can be increased even up to 15~
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a process for washing cellulose on a drum com-prising the steps of conducting a continuous pulp web along a path of travel through a plurality of mutually separated washing zones located sequentially on the drum with the pulp web contain-ing fluid as it moves through the washing zones, introducing pure washing liquid into the last washing zone in the path of travel of the pulp web on the drum, displacing the suspension fluid con-tained in the web in the last washing zone by the introduction of the pure washing liquid, providing a drained fluid pipe system on the drum and using the drained fluid pipe system for directing the displaced suspension fluid from the last washing zone to another washing zone upstream in the path of travel from the last washing zone, introducing the displaced suspension fluid from the last washing zone in the another washing zone for displacing the suspension fluid in the web in the another washing zone, repeat-ing the introducing and displacing steps each time into an upstream washing zone from the washing zone where the displacing step is performed until the displaced suspension fluid has been introduced into each washing zone upstream from the last washing zone, the improvement comprising before discharging the pulp web from the drum after the pulp web has traversed the last washing zone, emptying part of the fluid from the drained fluid pipe sys-tem at a location downstream from the last washing zone and returning the drained fluid therefrom to a washing zone upstream from the last washing zone.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the step of emptying part of the fluid from the drained fluid pipe system includes emptying one pipe at a time through a distribution valve located on the end of the drum with the aid of a vacuum.
3. A process according to claim 2, wherein at the location of emptying the drained fluid pipe system placing more than one pipe of the drained fluid pipe system under the effect of the vacuum.
4. A process according to claim 1, including the step of collecting the drained fluid form the drained fluid pipe sys-tem in a separate drained fluid tank and using a pump for convey-ing the drained fluid to the upstream washing zone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI822736A FI65829C (en) | 1982-08-06 | 1982-08-06 | FORM OF CELLULOSE TV |
| FI822736 | 1982-08-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1224353A true CA1224353A (en) | 1987-07-21 |
Family
ID=8515875
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000433382A Expired CA1224353A (en) | 1982-08-06 | 1983-07-27 | Procedure for washing cellulose |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4502171A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5947491A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8304205A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1224353A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3326822A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI65829C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2531982B1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE462168B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1237085A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI71961C (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-03-09 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Device for washing cellulose. |
| FI74752C (en) * | 1986-03-20 | 1992-12-01 | Ahlstroem Oy | OVER ANCHORING OF CELLULOSE TV |
| US5139671A (en) * | 1987-11-11 | 1992-08-18 | A. Ahlstrom Corporation | Apparatus for treating pulp |
| FI79867C (en) * | 1988-04-13 | 1990-03-12 | Ahlstroem Oy | FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER BEHANDLING AV FIBERSUSPENSIONER. |
| FI82082C (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-12-10 | Ahlstroem Oy | FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER BEHANDLING AV MASSA. |
| FI83841C (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1991-09-10 | Salomans Oy | Process for continuous exchange of the liquid in a suspension of a fibrous or fine-grained material |
| US6006554A (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 1999-12-28 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Two stage counter current drum washer |
| DE102004033328A1 (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2006-02-09 | Bhs-Sonthofen Gmbh | Filter with solid resuspension |
| SE528722C2 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2007-01-30 | Metso Paper Inc | Apparatus for treating cellulose pulp in a washing apparatus provided with a reinforcing sheath |
| EP1764373B1 (en) * | 2005-09-17 | 2016-04-27 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Process for the manufacture of methyhydroxyalkylcellulose with a low content of colored particles |
| US8309711B2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-11-13 | Corn Products Development Inc. | Filtration of corn starch followed by washing and collection of the resultant corn starch cake |
| SE542326C2 (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2020-04-14 | Valmet Oy | Vacuum filter |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE22646E (en) * | 1945-05-29 | Filtration | ||
| DE577767C (en) * | 1927-04-10 | 1933-06-03 | Baum Akt Ges Maschf | Cell filter suction drum |
| US2500056A (en) * | 1945-12-20 | 1950-03-07 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Method and apparatus for solventcleaning finely divided solids |
| GB715251A (en) * | 1951-08-25 | 1954-09-08 | Edeleanu Gmbh | Process and apparatus for filtration with rotary cellular filters |
| US3363774A (en) * | 1965-04-12 | 1968-01-16 | Improved Machinery Inc | Rotary drum filter |
| FR2018326A1 (en) * | 1968-09-18 | 1970-05-29 | Buckau Wolf Maschf R | |
| US4014736A (en) * | 1974-12-17 | 1977-03-29 | The Ontario Paper Company Limited | Process for treating a slurry of cellulosic material |
| US4151093A (en) * | 1978-03-24 | 1979-04-24 | Lenox Institute For Research | Stockwasher |
| NL7804735A (en) * | 1978-05-03 | 1979-11-06 | Esmil B V Stationsstraat 48 | VACUUM FILTER WITH ROTATING DRUM. |
| FI56865C (en) * | 1978-06-01 | 1980-04-10 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | AGRICULTURAL AGGREGATE FOR CELLULOSE TV |
| FI56564C (en) * | 1979-01-26 | 1980-02-11 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | ANORDNING FOER TVAETTNING AV MASS |
| US4276169A (en) * | 1980-04-10 | 1981-06-30 | Dorr-Oliver Incorporated | Drainage deck assembly for rotary vacuum drum filter |
-
1982
- 1982-08-06 FI FI822736A patent/FI65829C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-07-26 DE DE19833326822 patent/DE3326822A1/en active Granted
- 1983-07-27 CA CA000433382A patent/CA1224353A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-04 US US06/520,168 patent/US4502171A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-08-05 SE SE8304285A patent/SE462168B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-05 BR BR8304205A patent/BR8304205A/en unknown
- 1983-08-05 SU SU833632071A patent/SU1237085A3/en active
- 1983-08-05 JP JP58142658A patent/JPS5947491A/en active Granted
- 1983-08-08 FR FR8313049A patent/FR2531982B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5947491A (en) | 1984-03-17 |
| SE462168B (en) | 1990-05-14 |
| FI65829B (en) | 1984-03-30 |
| DE3326822C2 (en) | 1992-04-09 |
| FI65829C (en) | 1984-07-10 |
| SE8304285D0 (en) | 1983-08-05 |
| BR8304205A (en) | 1984-03-13 |
| FR2531982B1 (en) | 1987-12-18 |
| SE8304285L (en) | 1984-02-07 |
| FI822736A0 (en) | 1982-08-06 |
| US4502171A (en) | 1985-03-05 |
| SU1237085A3 (en) | 1986-06-07 |
| FR2531982A1 (en) | 1984-02-24 |
| DE3326822A1 (en) | 1984-02-09 |
| JPH0418074B2 (en) | 1992-03-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |