CA1223421A - Non-directional floor tile - Google Patents
Non-directional floor tileInfo
- Publication number
- CA1223421A CA1223421A CA000462848A CA462848A CA1223421A CA 1223421 A CA1223421 A CA 1223421A CA 000462848 A CA000462848 A CA 000462848A CA 462848 A CA462848 A CA 462848A CA 1223421 A CA1223421 A CA 1223421A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- tile
- particles
- coloration
- directional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
- B44F9/04—Designs imitating natural patterns of stone surfaces, e.g. marble
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
NON-DIRECTIONAL FLOOR TILE
Abstract of the Disclosure A floor tile product is manufactured with a random or non-directional tile pattern. This is accomplished by adding a hard material such as ground marble to the tile base mix. This hard material will not elongate under the pressure of the calender roll to provide a directional effect. The hard material appears in the surface of the finished tile as a dot pattern which has no smeared or directional, elongated shape.
Abstract of the Disclosure A floor tile product is manufactured with a random or non-directional tile pattern. This is accomplished by adding a hard material such as ground marble to the tile base mix. This hard material will not elongate under the pressure of the calender roll to provide a directional effect. The hard material appears in the surface of the finished tile as a dot pattern which has no smeared or directional, elongated shape.
Description
~ZZ342~L
I~O;~ Yr-.CIIO!~AL FLOOR TILE
E~ac~glourJd of the_Invc-nti~n Field of the Invention Tlle invention is directed to a floor tile and, 5 more particularly, to a floor tile with a non-directional pattc-rn.
Deccription_of the Prior Art U. S. Patent No. 2,663,663 does not deal with a tile--lriaking process, but the patent does disclose the 10 additional of crushed marble to a thermosetting synthetic resin laminate. The crushed marb~e is not adced to produce a pattern, but is instead aoded to provide a ro~ghened surface.
U. S. Patent 3,145,241 is directed to a floor 15 covering material with a non-directional pattern which is accvmplished by limiting the number of granules added to the base.
U. S. Patent No. 2,624,068 is directed to a non-directional pattern in a floor covering material 20 wherein the particles are compressed in two normal directions to prevent directional orientation.
U. S. Patent No. 3,194,856 is directed to a non-directional pattern in a floor co~ering material, and this is accomplished by using one hot and one cold
I~O;~ Yr-.CIIO!~AL FLOOR TILE
E~ac~glourJd of the_Invc-nti~n Field of the Invention Tlle invention is directed to a floor tile and, 5 more particularly, to a floor tile with a non-directional pattc-rn.
Deccription_of the Prior Art U. S. Patent No. 2,663,663 does not deal with a tile--lriaking process, but the patent does disclose the 10 additional of crushed marble to a thermosetting synthetic resin laminate. The crushed marb~e is not adced to produce a pattern, but is instead aoded to provide a ro~ghened surface.
U. S. Patent 3,145,241 is directed to a floor 15 covering material with a non-directional pattern which is accvmplished by limiting the number of granules added to the base.
U. S. Patent No. 2,624,068 is directed to a non-directional pattern in a floor covering material 20 wherein the particles are compressed in two normal directions to prevent directional orientation.
U. S. Patent No. 3,194,856 is directed to a non-directional pattern in a floor co~ering material, and this is accomplished by using one hot and one cold
2 5 calender roll with the cold roll contacting the particles.
U. S. Patent No. 2,995,179 shows the use of ground limestone as a filler in a tile, but not 25 a decorative material.
~.
12~3 ~21 - 2 ~ /3.6 Finally, U. S. Patc-nt Jo. 2,120,281 shows the use of hcrd silica gel in a rubber battc-ry separater which is subse(~ur-ntly vulcanized/ but a~ain, the silica gel is not inclu(3ed for decor1tive purposes.
S~ -ry of the Inv--ntion Tl;e i~ r,l:ion is dirfct~-d to an i]riproved coi;l,osition co-~pl-isin~ a fillfd ~I~ stic ~ SS of a pl-imary ,o]or-,tioi-i 'i,vin~ a lhfL--o?~;,tic ~inder system and a Jill-r. ?i-Je tile is foriilc-d in a flat sheet shape and one ,urflce ther of is considered to be the wear surface, and his is t-he suLface which iace upward from the ti]e ~hfn it is irlstalled on a floor. The tile has a plurality of particles of 10 to 60 r,lesh si~e distributed in the surface area of the tile. rrhe particles are of a contrasting coloration to the plastic mass pri~rary coloration and are in a circular ur.smeared shape. The particles are basically marble particles which are not smearc-d or directionally oriented during the calendering operation which forms the floor tile.
The method of making the product is the - forming of the filled plastic mass with the marble particles and then calendering the mass into a sheet form and from the sheet, cutting the plurality of 1~" x 12" or like floor tiles. Many of the marble particles appear in the surface of the tile product a~d have not been smeared or elonsated during the calendering operation, but do appear as small dots of a contrasting color on the surface of the tile product.
Descr ption of the Preferred Embodiment The tile product of the inventiun herein is basically made by a process very similar to that carried out in the prior art in U. S. Pater,t No. 2,995,179. The materials are mixed in a Banbury or like intensive mixer, dropped on a sheeting mill and passed through hot calender rolls to form a sheet of the final thic~ness which then is cut to desired tile dimensions.
A typical composition that could be used is the following composition with the foL~ulations set forth as follows:
1223~21
U. S. Patent No. 2,995,179 shows the use of ground limestone as a filler in a tile, but not 25 a decorative material.
~.
12~3 ~21 - 2 ~ /3.6 Finally, U. S. Patc-nt Jo. 2,120,281 shows the use of hcrd silica gel in a rubber battc-ry separater which is subse(~ur-ntly vulcanized/ but a~ain, the silica gel is not inclu(3ed for decor1tive purposes.
S~ -ry of the Inv--ntion Tl;e i~ r,l:ion is dirfct~-d to an i]riproved coi;l,osition co-~pl-isin~ a fillfd ~I~ stic ~ SS of a pl-imary ,o]or-,tioi-i 'i,vin~ a lhfL--o?~;,tic ~inder system and a Jill-r. ?i-Je tile is foriilc-d in a flat sheet shape and one ,urflce ther of is considered to be the wear surface, and his is t-he suLface which iace upward from the ti]e ~hfn it is irlstalled on a floor. The tile has a plurality of particles of 10 to 60 r,lesh si~e distributed in the surface area of the tile. rrhe particles are of a contrasting coloration to the plastic mass pri~rary coloration and are in a circular ur.smeared shape. The particles are basically marble particles which are not smearc-d or directionally oriented during the calendering operation which forms the floor tile.
The method of making the product is the - forming of the filled plastic mass with the marble particles and then calendering the mass into a sheet form and from the sheet, cutting the plurality of 1~" x 12" or like floor tiles. Many of the marble particles appear in the surface of the tile product a~d have not been smeared or elonsated during the calendering operation, but do appear as small dots of a contrasting color on the surface of the tile product.
Descr ption of the Preferred Embodiment The tile product of the inventiun herein is basically made by a process very similar to that carried out in the prior art in U. S. Pater,t No. 2,995,179. The materials are mixed in a Banbury or like intensive mixer, dropped on a sheeting mill and passed through hot calender rolls to form a sheet of the final thic~ness which then is cut to desired tile dimensions.
A typical composition that could be used is the following composition with the foL~ulations set forth as follows:
1223~21
- 3 - C~ 7385 ~ercent by In~ ai~l-,t ~i,ht _ J-;csin: A mi~tul-e of 33% by weight of polyvinyl chloride and 67~ by weigllt of a ~0--lC~ blend of polyvin-vl chloric,r- and pol~vir~ c~t~t~ 13.6 Groil-,d li~ t-one ( Q "esh & fir)er) 71.6 Colored m l-ble (1~--60 nesh) 8.0 Plastici;~--r (di--octyl-phthalate) 4.5 10 Process i~jd (alpha-"ic-thyl--styL,--ne) 1.0 Stabili~er (mela7nine base with a leta~lic soap) .8 Pigmfnt (titani~3m oxide) _-5_ 100.0 Tl,e raw mât--rials are charged in a standcird r,anner into a ~anbury or like intensive r,iixer. All t},e colored rmarble are adced after all the other r,laterials have been blended together. The color of the marble is a contrasting color ~o that of the pigment ~or the tile product. The rnaterial is then sheeted out in the conventional manner as set forth in U. S. Patent 2,995,179.
~ hat is unique about the finished product is that it is a non-directional tile pattern. The calenoering operation does not srnear or elonaate the marble particles as it would do in a normal tiling operation where the contrasting colored particles would be of a soft thermoplastic material, and this would tend to elongate or provide a smeared line effect on the finisl-ed product. The product ~rade in the invention of this application ends up with a rather uniform dot or circular contrasting color spot and the product in effect looks very m,ich like one has sprink~ed ground black pepper re~atively uniformly across the surface of a white or light color tile base. The smeared tile product has a directionality in that the tile seems to e~tend in the direction of the smearing. Herein, there - ~Z~3~21 - ~ - C;P-, 36 is I~O s~ ing -.nd therefoLe, the tile can be turned in any Gne of the four stal~card ~l~adrants and not appear to hcve a directionality in its dot desiyn.
The dot pattc-rn of the finished pro~3~ct can be enh~nced l~y grir,dil-g the surface of the tile product to rr--ove ;;nywhere fcom .~02 to .010 of an inch.
~ t ;-.y ~e dl-sir;,~e ':o gcind tle s~rface of the pL-oduc'- ~o hiy`r-Jil_rJt t c- dot rJI-~S j9nI but this is not necess;jl:y or s~-cl-ring t:he ur;slrlea~f-d patte~n on the sur~ace of tne tile.
It is ~lso possible to use a plastic particle in the invention provided that the plastic particle is sufficiently }-~ard that it ~ill not streak during coloring.
The hard plastic resin that could be used in lieu of the marhle particles is a resin such as bakalite which has a hardness of "Shore D" of appl-oximately 82.
The prc-ferred particle material to be used is a marble particle that has a size such that it will pass through a 10 mesh screen, but will not pass through a ; 60 mesh screen. This is referred to as a particle size of 10 to 60 mesh. The mesh hole ratings are the U.S.
standard screen ratings used to identify particle size.
The marble particles could be uniformly spread through the whole sheet and/or they could be concentrated primarily on the surface layer of the sheet. They could be concentrated on the surface layer by either being made as a separate layer to be added to a base layer, or made as a layer which is sprinkled on the top of the hot sheet after it is first milled and then subsequently passed through additional calendering steps which would tend to embed the stone particles in the upper surface area of the sheet product.
By the term "marble particles" is meant in general any of a family of stone particles having a Mohs hardness in the range of 2.5 to 3.5. The roll separating forces during the milling operation provides ~223~Zl -- 5 -- . . s ~ 6 a ;urr ss~lL-e of a~out 3 .2 tor;s ~ r linear inch width at t}~e time t})e 7r,ass of plastic n,atr-rial is forir,ed into a sheet. It is duril~!g t:he a~i~plication r f press ire of this ~a jnit~r3e that t-!le naL-(3 ~ ticles are not srl~ec;L~ed into a 5 di,^~-ctio, al ~;at. l-~--rn.
~ hat is unique about the finished product is that it is a non-directional tile pattern. The calenoering operation does not srnear or elonaate the marble particles as it would do in a normal tiling operation where the contrasting colored particles would be of a soft thermoplastic material, and this would tend to elongate or provide a smeared line effect on the finisl-ed product. The product ~rade in the invention of this application ends up with a rather uniform dot or circular contrasting color spot and the product in effect looks very m,ich like one has sprink~ed ground black pepper re~atively uniformly across the surface of a white or light color tile base. The smeared tile product has a directionality in that the tile seems to e~tend in the direction of the smearing. Herein, there - ~Z~3~21 - ~ - C;P-, 36 is I~O s~ ing -.nd therefoLe, the tile can be turned in any Gne of the four stal~card ~l~adrants and not appear to hcve a directionality in its dot desiyn.
The dot pattc-rn of the finished pro~3~ct can be enh~nced l~y grir,dil-g the surface of the tile product to rr--ove ;;nywhere fcom .~02 to .010 of an inch.
~ t ;-.y ~e dl-sir;,~e ':o gcind tle s~rface of the pL-oduc'- ~o hiy`r-Jil_rJt t c- dot rJI-~S j9nI but this is not necess;jl:y or s~-cl-ring t:he ur;slrlea~f-d patte~n on the sur~ace of tne tile.
It is ~lso possible to use a plastic particle in the invention provided that the plastic particle is sufficiently }-~ard that it ~ill not streak during coloring.
The hard plastic resin that could be used in lieu of the marhle particles is a resin such as bakalite which has a hardness of "Shore D" of appl-oximately 82.
The prc-ferred particle material to be used is a marble particle that has a size such that it will pass through a 10 mesh screen, but will not pass through a ; 60 mesh screen. This is referred to as a particle size of 10 to 60 mesh. The mesh hole ratings are the U.S.
standard screen ratings used to identify particle size.
The marble particles could be uniformly spread through the whole sheet and/or they could be concentrated primarily on the surface layer of the sheet. They could be concentrated on the surface layer by either being made as a separate layer to be added to a base layer, or made as a layer which is sprinkled on the top of the hot sheet after it is first milled and then subsequently passed through additional calendering steps which would tend to embed the stone particles in the upper surface area of the sheet product.
By the term "marble particles" is meant in general any of a family of stone particles having a Mohs hardness in the range of 2.5 to 3.5. The roll separating forces during the milling operation provides ~223~Zl -- 5 -- . . s ~ 6 a ;urr ss~lL-e of a~out 3 .2 tor;s ~ r linear inch width at t}~e time t})e 7r,ass of plastic n,atr-rial is forir,ed into a sheet. It is duril~!g t:he a~i~plication r f press ire of this ~a jnit~r3e that t-!le naL-(3 ~ ticles are not srl~ec;L~ed into a 5 di,^~-ctio, al ~;at. l-~--rn.
Claims (3)
1. A method for making an improved composition tile having a filled thermoplastic mass of a primary coloration, said mass being a thermoplastic binder system and a filler, the steps comprising:
(a) mixing together the thermoplastic binder system and a filler in a conventional mixing means, (b) at some point prior to removing the mass of plastic material from the mixer, blending thereinto a mass of hard particles of material having a coloration different from the coloration of the thermoplastic mass, (c) dumping the plastic mass from the mixer onto a calendering means which will form the mass of material into a sheet form, and then forming the sheet into a plurality of square tile units wherein the hard particle means added to the plastic mass will appear as a dot pattern distributed across the surface of the tile product with the particles being of a contrasting coloration to the coloration of the plastic mass and the particles appearing as non-directional, unsmeared shapes in the surface area of the tile product.
(a) mixing together the thermoplastic binder system and a filler in a conventional mixing means, (b) at some point prior to removing the mass of plastic material from the mixer, blending thereinto a mass of hard particles of material having a coloration different from the coloration of the thermoplastic mass, (c) dumping the plastic mass from the mixer onto a calendering means which will form the mass of material into a sheet form, and then forming the sheet into a plurality of square tile units wherein the hard particle means added to the plastic mass will appear as a dot pattern distributed across the surface of the tile product with the particles being of a contrasting coloration to the coloration of the plastic mass and the particles appearing as non-directional, unsmeared shapes in the surface area of the tile product.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the hard particles have a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3.5.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the particles are marble having a size of 10 to 60 mesh.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56403383A | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | |
| US564,033 | 1983-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1223421A true CA1223421A (en) | 1987-06-30 |
Family
ID=24252905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000462848A Expired CA1223421A (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1984-09-11 | Non-directional floor tile |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60157851A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3309284A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1223421A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3439837A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2557012A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2152098B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8627007D0 (en) * | 1986-11-12 | 1986-12-10 | Harris F B O | Fabricated building products |
| JPH0618734B2 (en) * | 1988-03-16 | 1994-03-16 | 東リ株式会社 | Decorative material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CA2086311A1 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-11 | Walter C. Timm | Inlaid granite plastic floor tile |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB817084A (en) * | 1957-01-29 | 1959-07-22 | Robert Luke Nairn | Improvements relating to flooring and flooring materials |
| US2624068A (en) * | 1950-02-08 | 1953-01-06 | Sloane Blabon Corp | Apparatus and process of producing calendered linoleum materials |
| BE516819A (en) * | 1952-01-10 | |||
| US2995179A (en) * | 1958-05-13 | 1961-08-08 | Patent & Licensing Corp | Composition tile and method of making the same |
| GB904414A (en) * | 1959-11-14 | 1962-08-29 | James Reginald Stoddard | Improvements relating to the manufacture of floors, tiles and the like |
| US3145241A (en) * | 1960-06-24 | 1964-08-18 | Congoleum Nairn Inc | Method for producing decorative sheet material |
| US3194856A (en) * | 1961-04-17 | 1965-07-13 | Congoleum Nairn Inc | Method of producing decorative surface covering |
| GB1127311A (en) * | 1965-03-12 | 1968-09-18 | Norman Joseph Maxwell Gray | Improvements in or relating to wall tiles |
| GB2069023A (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-08-19 | Fijon Ltd | Artificial granite panel |
-
1984
- 1984-09-11 CA CA000462848A patent/CA1223421A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-09-17 AU AU33092/84A patent/AU3309284A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1984-10-31 DE DE19843439837 patent/DE3439837A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-11-07 FR FR8416950A patent/FR2557012A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-12-04 JP JP59255176A patent/JPS60157851A/en active Granted
- 1984-12-20 GB GB08432293A patent/GB2152098B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2152098A (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| DE3439837A1 (en) | 1985-07-04 |
| AU3309284A (en) | 1985-06-27 |
| JPH0421583B2 (en) | 1992-04-10 |
| FR2557012A1 (en) | 1985-06-28 |
| GB2152098B (en) | 1987-03-25 |
| JPS60157851A (en) | 1985-08-19 |
| GB8432293D0 (en) | 1985-01-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |