CA1219176A - Self-adhesive tape with two-sided contact adhesive coating and method of producing the same - Google Patents
Self-adhesive tape with two-sided contact adhesive coating and method of producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1219176A CA1219176A CA000436072A CA436072A CA1219176A CA 1219176 A CA1219176 A CA 1219176A CA 000436072 A CA000436072 A CA 000436072A CA 436072 A CA436072 A CA 436072A CA 1219176 A CA1219176 A CA 1219176A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- self
- adhesive
- adhesive tape
- supporting
- contact adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
Abstract
INVENTOR: PAUL SIEBER-GADIENT
INVENTION: SELF-ADHESIVE TAPE WITH TWO-SIDED CONTACT ADHESIVE
COATING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The self-adhesive tape has two sides, one of which forms a bottom side at which the supporting or carrier fabric is only superficially covered by a contact adhesive coating.
At the other side, which forms the top side, a contact adhesive coating uniformly covers the supporting or carrier fabric so as to essentially form a plane which uninterruptedly engages a separating paper layer. Due to the crossing or intersection points formed by warp and weft threads the supporting fabric produces unevenness only at the bottom side, resulting in a smaller adhesive capability or action of the lower contact adhesive coating as compared to the adhesive capability or action of the upper contact adhesive coating uniformly engaging the separating paper layer. Through the apertures or openings formed in the supporting fabric the adhesive layers are interconnected which promotes the non-separability of the self-adhesive tape as a whole. The self-adhesive tape thus can be employed in such a way that it can be again detached and this is achieved by associating the bottom side thereof with a floor and the top side thereof, for example, with a carpet.
INVENTION: SELF-ADHESIVE TAPE WITH TWO-SIDED CONTACT ADHESIVE
COATING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The self-adhesive tape has two sides, one of which forms a bottom side at which the supporting or carrier fabric is only superficially covered by a contact adhesive coating.
At the other side, which forms the top side, a contact adhesive coating uniformly covers the supporting or carrier fabric so as to essentially form a plane which uninterruptedly engages a separating paper layer. Due to the crossing or intersection points formed by warp and weft threads the supporting fabric produces unevenness only at the bottom side, resulting in a smaller adhesive capability or action of the lower contact adhesive coating as compared to the adhesive capability or action of the upper contact adhesive coating uniformly engaging the separating paper layer. Through the apertures or openings formed in the supporting fabric the adhesive layers are interconnected which promotes the non-separability of the self-adhesive tape as a whole. The self-adhesive tape thus can be employed in such a way that it can be again detached and this is achieved by associating the bottom side thereof with a floor and the top side thereof, for example, with a carpet.
Description
1~19~76 BACKGR~UND OF TH~ INVENTIOM:
The present invention relates to a new and improved self-adhesive tape and to a new and improved method of producing the same.
In its more specific aspects the invention relates to a new and improved self-adhesive tape which is especially suitable for, preferably full-area, carpeting of floors and covering o~ walls in such a manner as to be able to again remove or take-up the carpets or coverings or the like.
Self-adhesive tapes of this type are known, for example, as carpet or covering-laying tapes and frequently serve to mount floor or wall coverings.
The known self-adhesive tapes have the disadvantage that, while originally they have a sufficient adhesive capability or action, they can only poorly or, in fact, only with damage to the covering or the substratum again be detached. With certain formulations or compositions of the adhesive, it may also happen that the contact adhesive loses its original state or form due to environmental effects and/or aging and degenerates into a syrupy or tacky substance or into a brittle structure. In such case the contact adhesive no longer fulfills its intended function.
~9~
SUM~RY OF THE INVENTION:
Therefore, with the foregoing in mind, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a new and improved self-adhesive tape which is not afflicted with the aforementioned drawbacks and limitations heretofore discussed.
Another and more specific object of the present invention is directed to the provision of a new and improved self-adhesive tape which permits the relevant covering to be again removed from the base or substratum without damage thereto.
Still a further significant object of the present invention is directed to a new and improved self-adhesive tape which permits the covering to be taken-up from its base or the like without damage thereto and to be reused as often as possible.
Another significant object of the present invention is directed to the provision of an improved and economical self-adhesive tape and a method of manufacturing the same.
Now in order to implement these and still further objects of the invention, which will become more readily apparent as the description proceeds, the self-adhesive tape ~:19176 of the present development is manifested by the features that, the two sides of the self-adheslve tape have different adhesive capabilities or actions.
The different adhesive capabilities of the two tape sides permits the one or the other side of the self-adhesive tape to be intentionally arranged so as to face, for example, the floor and/or the floor covering, whereby the detachment thereof can be beneficially controlled.
It is of an advantage that there can be used a non-cleava~le or non-separable, only slightly stretchable or elongatable supporting fabric, since the self-adhesive tape thus can be maintained in an undivided or unsplit state during the laying operation and during eventual take-up of the laid covering and tape. ~dditionally, the small stretchability prevents the self-adhesive tape from distortion when it is laid, used and taken-up.
When a loose fabric containing openings or apertures is employed as the supporting or carrier fabric a mutual interconnection or bonding of the contact adhesive coatings on the two sides thereof can occur through the apertures, which can beneficially enhance the undivided take-up of the tape.
While different adhesive capabilities or actions may be achieved by using different adhesives on the two sides of the tape, the consequence thereof is that there may arise possibly different resistances to, for example, aging and the effects of softening agents or plasticizers.
When the differences in the adhesive capability are preferably created by structural differences between the two sides of the self-adhesive tape, the same and thus possibly an ideal adhesive can be used on both tape sides, so that there does not have to exist any restrictions in respect of the differences in the adhesive capability due to the adhesive formula or composition.
In a preferred manner the structural difference can be obtained by differently covering the unevenness or irregularities of the supporting or carrier fabric by the contact adhesive coatings. Advantageously, the better adhering side may be entirely planar or flat while the other side may be relatively uneven or irregular.
Preferably, the supporting or carrier fabric can be arranged outside of the median plane of the self-adhesive tape as seen in cross-section.
~21~176 It is just these very structural dif~erences which permit -the same contact adhesive to be provided on both of the two tape sides. Preferably, an adhesive may be employed which is resistant to aging and affected as little as possible by softeners or plasticizers. Thus, an acrylic adhesive composition is especially suitable since such adhesives can be appropriately prepared.
Preferably, the inventive self-adhesive tape can be marketed while it releasably adheres to a separating layer, preferably constituted by a separating paper layer, the paper of which is silicone-treated in a manner known as such~ The ~he more adhesive side may engage practically without any interruptions or gaps the separating paper, while the other side is of uneven design, and thus, is also less adherent when the self-adhesive tape is rolled-up. Thus, a faulty detachment need not be feared during unrolling, without any further measures having to be undertaken for this purpose.
As alluded to above the invention is not only concerned with the aforementioned inventive self-adhesive tape, but also relates to a novel method of producing the same.
Generally speaking, the inventive method relates to the production of a.self-adhesive tape in which the contact adhesive coating possessing the higher adhesive capability or action at least largely uninterruptedly and detachably engages a separating paper layer.
To achieve the aforementioned measures the inventive method of producing a self-adhesive tape comprises the steps of applying a contact adhesive coating to a separating layer, attaching a supporting fabric to the contact adhesive coating applied to -the separating layer, and covering the supporting fabric on the side thereof which is remote from the contact adhesive coating with a further adhesive coating which at most incompletely levels or evens out the structure of the supporting fabric.
It will be recognized that when practicing the inventive method the objects of the invention can be realized by a simple choice of coating thicknesses and the sequence in which the layers are formed. Therefore, conventional machines and materials can be used for this purpose.
The contact adhesive coating according to the invention may be employed for laying a floor covering, for example, a carpet which can be again detached or taken-up. The procedure therefor is as follows: the entire floor or at least a part thereof is covered by the self-adhesive tape.
During this operation the tape side of less adhesive capability or power is downwardly directed towards the 12~9176 floor, while the side of higher adhesive capability or power which is covered by a separating paper is placed on top.
The carpet now may be provisionally laid and, if need be, may be cut. The carpet is then partially folded-back, part of the separating paper is withdrawn, and then the carpet is folded-back into its original position and applied to that side of the sel~-adhesive tape which has the higher adhesive capability. If necessary, the carpet is firmly pressed against the tape. Now the rest of the carpet is folded-back, the remaining separating paper is withdrawn, and then the part of the carpet which has just been folded-back is returned into its prior position and pressed against the self-adhesive tape after the separating paper has been removed therefrom. The laying operation is then finished.
If the carpet is upwardly pulled then the self-adhesive tape separates from the floor and remains adhering to the carpet.
The carpet may be protected by a plastic foil prior to rolling-up the same, so that the carpet which already carries a self-adhesive layer or tape, can be reused.
~RIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above, will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawing wherein the single figure shows a schematic perspective ~Z~9~1l76i view of self-adhesive tape constructed according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS:
Turning attention now to the drawing, there will be recognized part of a supporting or carrier fabric 2 which may be formed from twenty warp threads 20 running in longitudinal direction and nine filling or weft threads 21 running in transverse direction per centimeter and with the yarns or threads thereof having a metric yarn number in the range o~ 60 to 70 and provided in a linen or plane weave. Pairs of warp threads ~0 can be arranged closer together to increase slip-resistance. Advantageously, there are used yarns formed of staple fibers which offer a good hold or retention for the adhesive due to their rougher surface.
Regenerated cellulose or rayon stable has been found to be mechanically and chemically as well as economically advantageous.
As a contact adhesive an acxylate dispersion enriched with tackifying resins and containing ultraviolet- and aging-protective agents has proven to be advantageous, and there also can be achieved an insensitivity to softeners or plasticizers.
~2~g~7~
The drawing shows part of the inventive self-adhesive tape 1 which has two sides or faces, one of which forms a bottom side or face 10 and the other one of which forms a top side or face 11. The self-adhesive tape 1 contains on the bottom side 10 thereof a contact adhesive coating or layer 3 which only superficially covers the supporting or carrier fabric 2. On the top side 11 the self-adhesive tape 1 contains a contact adhesive coating 4 which totally evens or levels-out the irregularity or unevenness in the structure of the supporting or carrier fabric 2. The contact adhesive coating 4 totally engages with a separating layer 5 which, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, comprises silicone-treated paper.
The two contact adhesive coatings or layers 3 and 4 are mutually connected with one another through the apertures or openings 22 which remain free between the warp threads 20 and the .illing or weft threads 21 of the supporting or carrier fabric 2.
It will be recognized that the unevenness in the structure of the supporting fabric 2, which defines a loosely set fabric, can be emphasized by the crossing or intersection of the warp threads 20 and the weft threads 21 as well as by the throughpassing apertures or openings 22.
~219~76 The tape bottom side lO thus engages a largely planar base only at the region of the intersections 23 of the warp threads 20 and weft threads 21, and thus~ only adheres thereto at this location, which expl.ains the diff~rences in adhesive capability or power.
The present invention relates to a new and improved self-adhesive tape and to a new and improved method of producing the same.
In its more specific aspects the invention relates to a new and improved self-adhesive tape which is especially suitable for, preferably full-area, carpeting of floors and covering o~ walls in such a manner as to be able to again remove or take-up the carpets or coverings or the like.
Self-adhesive tapes of this type are known, for example, as carpet or covering-laying tapes and frequently serve to mount floor or wall coverings.
The known self-adhesive tapes have the disadvantage that, while originally they have a sufficient adhesive capability or action, they can only poorly or, in fact, only with damage to the covering or the substratum again be detached. With certain formulations or compositions of the adhesive, it may also happen that the contact adhesive loses its original state or form due to environmental effects and/or aging and degenerates into a syrupy or tacky substance or into a brittle structure. In such case the contact adhesive no longer fulfills its intended function.
~9~
SUM~RY OF THE INVENTION:
Therefore, with the foregoing in mind, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a new and improved self-adhesive tape which is not afflicted with the aforementioned drawbacks and limitations heretofore discussed.
Another and more specific object of the present invention is directed to the provision of a new and improved self-adhesive tape which permits the relevant covering to be again removed from the base or substratum without damage thereto.
Still a further significant object of the present invention is directed to a new and improved self-adhesive tape which permits the covering to be taken-up from its base or the like without damage thereto and to be reused as often as possible.
Another significant object of the present invention is directed to the provision of an improved and economical self-adhesive tape and a method of manufacturing the same.
Now in order to implement these and still further objects of the invention, which will become more readily apparent as the description proceeds, the self-adhesive tape ~:19176 of the present development is manifested by the features that, the two sides of the self-adheslve tape have different adhesive capabilities or actions.
The different adhesive capabilities of the two tape sides permits the one or the other side of the self-adhesive tape to be intentionally arranged so as to face, for example, the floor and/or the floor covering, whereby the detachment thereof can be beneficially controlled.
It is of an advantage that there can be used a non-cleava~le or non-separable, only slightly stretchable or elongatable supporting fabric, since the self-adhesive tape thus can be maintained in an undivided or unsplit state during the laying operation and during eventual take-up of the laid covering and tape. ~dditionally, the small stretchability prevents the self-adhesive tape from distortion when it is laid, used and taken-up.
When a loose fabric containing openings or apertures is employed as the supporting or carrier fabric a mutual interconnection or bonding of the contact adhesive coatings on the two sides thereof can occur through the apertures, which can beneficially enhance the undivided take-up of the tape.
While different adhesive capabilities or actions may be achieved by using different adhesives on the two sides of the tape, the consequence thereof is that there may arise possibly different resistances to, for example, aging and the effects of softening agents or plasticizers.
When the differences in the adhesive capability are preferably created by structural differences between the two sides of the self-adhesive tape, the same and thus possibly an ideal adhesive can be used on both tape sides, so that there does not have to exist any restrictions in respect of the differences in the adhesive capability due to the adhesive formula or composition.
In a preferred manner the structural difference can be obtained by differently covering the unevenness or irregularities of the supporting or carrier fabric by the contact adhesive coatings. Advantageously, the better adhering side may be entirely planar or flat while the other side may be relatively uneven or irregular.
Preferably, the supporting or carrier fabric can be arranged outside of the median plane of the self-adhesive tape as seen in cross-section.
~21~176 It is just these very structural dif~erences which permit -the same contact adhesive to be provided on both of the two tape sides. Preferably, an adhesive may be employed which is resistant to aging and affected as little as possible by softeners or plasticizers. Thus, an acrylic adhesive composition is especially suitable since such adhesives can be appropriately prepared.
Preferably, the inventive self-adhesive tape can be marketed while it releasably adheres to a separating layer, preferably constituted by a separating paper layer, the paper of which is silicone-treated in a manner known as such~ The ~he more adhesive side may engage practically without any interruptions or gaps the separating paper, while the other side is of uneven design, and thus, is also less adherent when the self-adhesive tape is rolled-up. Thus, a faulty detachment need not be feared during unrolling, without any further measures having to be undertaken for this purpose.
As alluded to above the invention is not only concerned with the aforementioned inventive self-adhesive tape, but also relates to a novel method of producing the same.
Generally speaking, the inventive method relates to the production of a.self-adhesive tape in which the contact adhesive coating possessing the higher adhesive capability or action at least largely uninterruptedly and detachably engages a separating paper layer.
To achieve the aforementioned measures the inventive method of producing a self-adhesive tape comprises the steps of applying a contact adhesive coating to a separating layer, attaching a supporting fabric to the contact adhesive coating applied to -the separating layer, and covering the supporting fabric on the side thereof which is remote from the contact adhesive coating with a further adhesive coating which at most incompletely levels or evens out the structure of the supporting fabric.
It will be recognized that when practicing the inventive method the objects of the invention can be realized by a simple choice of coating thicknesses and the sequence in which the layers are formed. Therefore, conventional machines and materials can be used for this purpose.
The contact adhesive coating according to the invention may be employed for laying a floor covering, for example, a carpet which can be again detached or taken-up. The procedure therefor is as follows: the entire floor or at least a part thereof is covered by the self-adhesive tape.
During this operation the tape side of less adhesive capability or power is downwardly directed towards the 12~9176 floor, while the side of higher adhesive capability or power which is covered by a separating paper is placed on top.
The carpet now may be provisionally laid and, if need be, may be cut. The carpet is then partially folded-back, part of the separating paper is withdrawn, and then the carpet is folded-back into its original position and applied to that side of the sel~-adhesive tape which has the higher adhesive capability. If necessary, the carpet is firmly pressed against the tape. Now the rest of the carpet is folded-back, the remaining separating paper is withdrawn, and then the part of the carpet which has just been folded-back is returned into its prior position and pressed against the self-adhesive tape after the separating paper has been removed therefrom. The laying operation is then finished.
If the carpet is upwardly pulled then the self-adhesive tape separates from the floor and remains adhering to the carpet.
The carpet may be protected by a plastic foil prior to rolling-up the same, so that the carpet which already carries a self-adhesive layer or tape, can be reused.
~RIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above, will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawing wherein the single figure shows a schematic perspective ~Z~9~1l76i view of self-adhesive tape constructed according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS:
Turning attention now to the drawing, there will be recognized part of a supporting or carrier fabric 2 which may be formed from twenty warp threads 20 running in longitudinal direction and nine filling or weft threads 21 running in transverse direction per centimeter and with the yarns or threads thereof having a metric yarn number in the range o~ 60 to 70 and provided in a linen or plane weave. Pairs of warp threads ~0 can be arranged closer together to increase slip-resistance. Advantageously, there are used yarns formed of staple fibers which offer a good hold or retention for the adhesive due to their rougher surface.
Regenerated cellulose or rayon stable has been found to be mechanically and chemically as well as economically advantageous.
As a contact adhesive an acxylate dispersion enriched with tackifying resins and containing ultraviolet- and aging-protective agents has proven to be advantageous, and there also can be achieved an insensitivity to softeners or plasticizers.
~2~g~7~
The drawing shows part of the inventive self-adhesive tape 1 which has two sides or faces, one of which forms a bottom side or face 10 and the other one of which forms a top side or face 11. The self-adhesive tape 1 contains on the bottom side 10 thereof a contact adhesive coating or layer 3 which only superficially covers the supporting or carrier fabric 2. On the top side 11 the self-adhesive tape 1 contains a contact adhesive coating 4 which totally evens or levels-out the irregularity or unevenness in the structure of the supporting or carrier fabric 2. The contact adhesive coating 4 totally engages with a separating layer 5 which, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, comprises silicone-treated paper.
The two contact adhesive coatings or layers 3 and 4 are mutually connected with one another through the apertures or openings 22 which remain free between the warp threads 20 and the .illing or weft threads 21 of the supporting or carrier fabric 2.
It will be recognized that the unevenness in the structure of the supporting fabric 2, which defines a loosely set fabric, can be emphasized by the crossing or intersection of the warp threads 20 and the weft threads 21 as well as by the throughpassing apertures or openings 22.
~219~76 The tape bottom side lO thus engages a largely planar base only at the region of the intersections 23 of the warp threads 20 and weft threads 21, and thus~ only adheres thereto at this location, which expl.ains the diff~rences in adhesive capability or power.
Claims (11)
1. A self-adhesive tape comprising:
contact adhesive coating means;
a non-cleavable supporting layer defining two sides;
said two sides of said non-cleavable supporting layer possessing unevenness;
said contact adhesive coating means being arranged on both of said two sides of said supporting layer; and said contact adhesive coating means being arranged at said uneven supporting layer in a manner such that the unevenness is levelled-out more strongly on one of said two sides than on the other and one side of said self-adhesive tape inherently possesses a different adhesive capability than the opposite side thereof.
contact adhesive coating means;
a non-cleavable supporting layer defining two sides;
said two sides of said non-cleavable supporting layer possessing unevenness;
said contact adhesive coating means being arranged on both of said two sides of said supporting layer; and said contact adhesive coating means being arranged at said uneven supporting layer in a manner such that the unevenness is levelled-out more strongly on one of said two sides than on the other and one side of said self-adhesive tape inherently possesses a different adhesive capability than the opposite side thereof.
2. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 1, wherein:
said supporting layer comprises a substantially stretch-resistant supporting fabric.
said supporting layer comprises a substantially stretch-resistant supporting fabric.
3. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 2, wherein:
said supporting fabric defines a loosely set fabric and possesses throughpassing apertures.
said supporting fabric defines a loosely set fabric and possesses throughpassing apertures.
4. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 1, wherein:
said two sides having different adhesive capabilities contain different surface structures.
said two sides having different adhesive capabilities contain different surface structures.
5. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 1, wherein:
said supporting fabric is arranged outside a median plane of said self-adhesive tape as viewed in cross-section of said self-adhesive tape.
said supporting fabric is arranged outside a median plane of said self-adhesive tape as viewed in cross-section of said self-adhesive tape.
6. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 1, wherein:
said contact adhesive coating means comprises the same contact adhesive on both of said two sides.
said contact adhesive coating means comprises the same contact adhesive on both of said two sides.
7. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 1, wherein:
said contact adhesive coating means comprises an aging-resistant contact adhesive which at least to a large extent is resistant to softeners.
said contact adhesive coating means comprises an aging-resistant contact adhesive which at least to a large extent is resistant to softeners.
8. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 1, further including:
a separating layer; and said one side which possesses a greater adhesive capability being at least largely uninterruptedly and releasably engaged to said separating layer.
a separating layer; and said one side which possesses a greater adhesive capability being at least largely uninterruptedly and releasably engaged to said separating layer.
9. The self-adhesive tape as defined in claim 8, wherein:
said separating layer comprises paper.
said separating layer comprises paper.
10. In a method of producing a self-adhesive tape comprising a supporting fabric having a structure, a contact adhesive coating, and a separating layer, in which one side of the tape possessing a higher adhesive capability is at least largely uninterruptedly and releasably engaged to said separating layer, said method comprising the steps of:
applying said contact adhesive coating to said separating layer;
attaching said supporting fabric to said contact adhesive coating applied to said separating layer;
and covering said supporting fabric on the side thereof which is remote from said contact adhesive coating with a further contact adhesive coating which at most incompletely levels out said structure of said supporting fabric.
applying said contact adhesive coating to said separating layer;
attaching said supporting fabric to said contact adhesive coating applied to said separating layer;
and covering said supporting fabric on the side thereof which is remote from said contact adhesive coating with a further contact adhesive coating which at most incompletely levels out said structure of said supporting fabric.
11. The method as defined in claim 10, further including the step of:
using separating paper to form said separating layer.
using separating paper to form said separating layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000436072A CA1219176A (en) | 1983-09-06 | 1983-09-06 | Self-adhesive tape with two-sided contact adhesive coating and method of producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000436072A CA1219176A (en) | 1983-09-06 | 1983-09-06 | Self-adhesive tape with two-sided contact adhesive coating and method of producing the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1219176A true CA1219176A (en) | 1987-03-17 |
Family
ID=4126019
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000436072A Expired CA1219176A (en) | 1983-09-06 | 1983-09-06 | Self-adhesive tape with two-sided contact adhesive coating and method of producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1219176A (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-09-06 CA CA000436072A patent/CA1219176A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |