CA1209494A - Reinforced hose structure having a tough flexible cover - Google Patents
Reinforced hose structure having a tough flexible coverInfo
- Publication number
- CA1209494A CA1209494A CA000436785A CA436785A CA1209494A CA 1209494 A CA1209494 A CA 1209494A CA 000436785 A CA000436785 A CA 000436785A CA 436785 A CA436785 A CA 436785A CA 1209494 A CA1209494 A CA 1209494A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hose
- cover
- psi
- elongation
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
- F16L11/082—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire two layers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure REINFORCED HOSE STRUCTURE HAVING
A TOUGH FLEXIBLE COVER
A hose structure 10 having a simplified cover construction 22 suitable for rigorous high pressure applications such as rotary well-drilling apparatus is described. The hose includes a heavy-walled tube 12 of elastomeric material preferably having a measured stress of at least 600 psi at 20 percent elongation, an elongation at rupture of at least 150 percent and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi and a simplified cover. The formulation of the tube material preferably includes a reactive resin system capable of polymerizing in situ and simplified cover 22 comprises a compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber.
A TOUGH FLEXIBLE COVER
A hose structure 10 having a simplified cover construction 22 suitable for rigorous high pressure applications such as rotary well-drilling apparatus is described. The hose includes a heavy-walled tube 12 of elastomeric material preferably having a measured stress of at least 600 psi at 20 percent elongation, an elongation at rupture of at least 150 percent and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi and a simplified cover. The formulation of the tube material preferably includes a reactive resin system capable of polymerizing in situ and simplified cover 22 comprises a compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber.
Description
~209494 REINFORCED HOSE STRUCTURE HAVING
A TOUGH, FLEXIBLE COVER
Technical Field The abstract is not to be taken as limiting the invention of this application and in order to understand the full nature and extent of the technical disclosure of this application reference must be made to the accompanying drawing and the following detailed description.
The invention pertains to a reinforced hose structure having a simplified cover and particularly to said hose structure suitable for use in high pressure applications such as may occur on rotary well-drilling machines, although not limited thereto.
This invention provides a reinforced hose structure comprising from the inside to the outside: a tube of elastomeric material; two layers of helically extending reinforcing members, the members of adjacent layers of which have an opposite sense orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the hose, said layers being encapsulated in elastomeric material; and a cover of compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber forming the radially outermost surface of the hose.
Preferably the hose has a cover of a compound that contains carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber blended with polyvinyl chloride which contains 40 to 70% by weight of polyvinyl chloride. In the preferred hose the elastomer material is characterized as having a measured stress of at least 600 psi at 20 percent elongation when measured to ASTM method D-412 and an elongation at rupture of at least 15n percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi when measured according to ASTM method D-1053;
,~.~
~2094~4 lA
Background Hose of relatively large diameter, for example. 2 to 4 inches internal diameter, are commonly used to transport or convey drilling fluids or muds in well-drilling machines. This hose must be capable of withstanding considerable internal pressure, for example, from about 5,000 to in excess of 20,000 pounds per square inch, and must be flexible enough to couple the standpipe of the drilling derrick to the kelly which moves downwardly with the drill pipe as drilling proceeds and is raised to permit attachment of each lS section of drill pipe. Present hose constructions for this and other high pressure applications typically include a radially innermost tube of elastomeric material and one or more plies of textile fabric as a reinforcement for the elastomeric tube. These plies reinforce the tube to prevent the tube from being pushed out between the main reinforcing cables of such hose, particularly where the hose is bent to a ,f., re1ativelv small radius, thus causing the main cables t~ be spread apart relative to one another along that part of the hose wall which is most distant from the center of curvature of the bend.
Also, in most high pressure hose the special wrapped steel cable has at least one or more layers of elastomeric fabric covering the cable and then at least one ply of tie gum to get proper adhesion between the cover ply and the main body of the hose. Generally, the cover ply also contains fabric.
Disclosure and practice of the invention According to the present invention, there is provided a reinforced hose structure which is greatly simplified when compared to known hose structures which are able to meet the stringent requirements of rotary drilling operations and especially is this so in the cover ply area.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hose structure according to the invention which contains an optional fiber layer.
Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a preferred embodiment of a hose structure io according to the invention. Proceeding from the inside to the outside of said hose there is provided nearest the longitudinal axis 11 a tube 12 of elastomeric material having properties which will be further described herein for the more severe or special operational conditions. Immediately radially outwardly of the tube 12 there are provided at least two layers 16 and 18 of steel cables 15. The layers 16, 18 of cables are embedded in elastomer material 14. Overlying the layers 16, 18 of helically extending steel cables 15 are one or more plies 20 of rubberized textile material. Overlying the optional textile plies 20 is a cover 22 of a specially compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber which forms the radially outermost surface of the hose.
Rotary drilling hose commonly experiences high pulsating pressures, abrasive muds, air, water and hydrocarbon fluids. These factors must be kept in mind in selecting the elastomer of which the tube 12 is to be compounded. An acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber-based elastomeric material is particularly suitable for this application, although other elastomers, including acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyisoprenes, polychloroprenes, or blends of these may be employed, depending on the nature of the fluid intended to be conveyed through the hose and the chemical resistance thus required of the tube elastomer.
The elastomeric material of the tube 12 preferably has a tensile stress of at least 600 psi at 20 percent elongation when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and elongation at rupture of at least 150 percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412, and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi when measured according to ASTM method D-1053, and more preferably has a tensile stress of at least about 1000 psi at 20 percent elongation when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and an elongation at rupture of at least 200 percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412, and a Young's modulus of at least 3500 psi when measured according to ASTM method D-1053.
In hose suited for high pressure rotary drilling apparatus, the tube 12 should have a thickness of at least 3/16 inch as measured along a radius of the hose 10 proceeding from the longitudinal axis 11.
12~9494 The requisite physical properties as herein described for the elastomeric material of the tube 12 may be obtained with compounds based on elastomers selected from the group given hereinbefore in combination with a reactive resin system capable of polymerizing in situ within the compounds. These resin systems will be further described herein.
For use in rotary drilling applications, an elastomeric compound of the following general formulation exhibits the requisite physical properties for use in the tube 12 of a hose according to the present invention: 75 to 100 parts by weight of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer of acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymer having a minimum of 20 percent by weight of acrylonitrile content and 25 to 0 parts by weight of an elastomer selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene copolymer, polychloroprene or polyisoprene; and per each 100 weight parts of total elastomer, from about 10 to 50 weight parts and, more preferably, from about 25 to 35 weight parts of adhesive-treated cellulosic fibers having a length range of from about 1 to 3 mm. and a length-to-diameter ratio of from about 100 to 200, an example of such fibers being SantowebTM K fibers available from Monsanto Company; from about 10 to 50 weight parts and more preferably from about 20 to 30 weight parts of a reactive phenol formaldehyde resin capable of polymerizing with hexamethylene tetramine, an example of such a resin being DurezrM 12686 resin available from Hooker Chemical Corporation; from about 0.5 to 5.0 weight parts and, more preferably, from about 1.6 to 2.4 weight parts of hexamethylene tetramine, from about 25 to 100 parts and, more preferably, from about 40 to 75 weight parts of a reinforcing filler, for example, AS~I N-330 carbon ~Z09494 black and/or hydrated silica; from about 0.5 to 2.0 weigh~ parts of an antioxidant, for example, polymeriæed 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline; from about 3 to 10 weight parts of zinc oxide; from about 0.5 to 2.0 weight parts stearic acid; from about 10 to 40 weight parts of rubber plasticizer for example, dioctylphthalate; and a typical sulfur cure and accelerator system such as from about 0.5 to 3.0 weight parts sulfur and from about 0.5 to 2.0 weight parts sulfenamide accelerator, for example N-oxydiethylene-
A TOUGH, FLEXIBLE COVER
Technical Field The abstract is not to be taken as limiting the invention of this application and in order to understand the full nature and extent of the technical disclosure of this application reference must be made to the accompanying drawing and the following detailed description.
The invention pertains to a reinforced hose structure having a simplified cover and particularly to said hose structure suitable for use in high pressure applications such as may occur on rotary well-drilling machines, although not limited thereto.
This invention provides a reinforced hose structure comprising from the inside to the outside: a tube of elastomeric material; two layers of helically extending reinforcing members, the members of adjacent layers of which have an opposite sense orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the hose, said layers being encapsulated in elastomeric material; and a cover of compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber forming the radially outermost surface of the hose.
Preferably the hose has a cover of a compound that contains carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber blended with polyvinyl chloride which contains 40 to 70% by weight of polyvinyl chloride. In the preferred hose the elastomer material is characterized as having a measured stress of at least 600 psi at 20 percent elongation when measured to ASTM method D-412 and an elongation at rupture of at least 15n percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi when measured according to ASTM method D-1053;
,~.~
~2094~4 lA
Background Hose of relatively large diameter, for example. 2 to 4 inches internal diameter, are commonly used to transport or convey drilling fluids or muds in well-drilling machines. This hose must be capable of withstanding considerable internal pressure, for example, from about 5,000 to in excess of 20,000 pounds per square inch, and must be flexible enough to couple the standpipe of the drilling derrick to the kelly which moves downwardly with the drill pipe as drilling proceeds and is raised to permit attachment of each lS section of drill pipe. Present hose constructions for this and other high pressure applications typically include a radially innermost tube of elastomeric material and one or more plies of textile fabric as a reinforcement for the elastomeric tube. These plies reinforce the tube to prevent the tube from being pushed out between the main reinforcing cables of such hose, particularly where the hose is bent to a ,f., re1ativelv small radius, thus causing the main cables t~ be spread apart relative to one another along that part of the hose wall which is most distant from the center of curvature of the bend.
Also, in most high pressure hose the special wrapped steel cable has at least one or more layers of elastomeric fabric covering the cable and then at least one ply of tie gum to get proper adhesion between the cover ply and the main body of the hose. Generally, the cover ply also contains fabric.
Disclosure and practice of the invention According to the present invention, there is provided a reinforced hose structure which is greatly simplified when compared to known hose structures which are able to meet the stringent requirements of rotary drilling operations and especially is this so in the cover ply area.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hose structure according to the invention which contains an optional fiber layer.
Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a preferred embodiment of a hose structure io according to the invention. Proceeding from the inside to the outside of said hose there is provided nearest the longitudinal axis 11 a tube 12 of elastomeric material having properties which will be further described herein for the more severe or special operational conditions. Immediately radially outwardly of the tube 12 there are provided at least two layers 16 and 18 of steel cables 15. The layers 16, 18 of cables are embedded in elastomer material 14. Overlying the layers 16, 18 of helically extending steel cables 15 are one or more plies 20 of rubberized textile material. Overlying the optional textile plies 20 is a cover 22 of a specially compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber which forms the radially outermost surface of the hose.
Rotary drilling hose commonly experiences high pulsating pressures, abrasive muds, air, water and hydrocarbon fluids. These factors must be kept in mind in selecting the elastomer of which the tube 12 is to be compounded. An acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber-based elastomeric material is particularly suitable for this application, although other elastomers, including acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyisoprenes, polychloroprenes, or blends of these may be employed, depending on the nature of the fluid intended to be conveyed through the hose and the chemical resistance thus required of the tube elastomer.
The elastomeric material of the tube 12 preferably has a tensile stress of at least 600 psi at 20 percent elongation when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and elongation at rupture of at least 150 percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412, and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi when measured according to ASTM method D-1053, and more preferably has a tensile stress of at least about 1000 psi at 20 percent elongation when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and an elongation at rupture of at least 200 percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412, and a Young's modulus of at least 3500 psi when measured according to ASTM method D-1053.
In hose suited for high pressure rotary drilling apparatus, the tube 12 should have a thickness of at least 3/16 inch as measured along a radius of the hose 10 proceeding from the longitudinal axis 11.
12~9494 The requisite physical properties as herein described for the elastomeric material of the tube 12 may be obtained with compounds based on elastomers selected from the group given hereinbefore in combination with a reactive resin system capable of polymerizing in situ within the compounds. These resin systems will be further described herein.
For use in rotary drilling applications, an elastomeric compound of the following general formulation exhibits the requisite physical properties for use in the tube 12 of a hose according to the present invention: 75 to 100 parts by weight of acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer of acrylonitrile-isoprene copolymer having a minimum of 20 percent by weight of acrylonitrile content and 25 to 0 parts by weight of an elastomer selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene copolymer, polychloroprene or polyisoprene; and per each 100 weight parts of total elastomer, from about 10 to 50 weight parts and, more preferably, from about 25 to 35 weight parts of adhesive-treated cellulosic fibers having a length range of from about 1 to 3 mm. and a length-to-diameter ratio of from about 100 to 200, an example of such fibers being SantowebTM K fibers available from Monsanto Company; from about 10 to 50 weight parts and more preferably from about 20 to 30 weight parts of a reactive phenol formaldehyde resin capable of polymerizing with hexamethylene tetramine, an example of such a resin being DurezrM 12686 resin available from Hooker Chemical Corporation; from about 0.5 to 5.0 weight parts and, more preferably, from about 1.6 to 2.4 weight parts of hexamethylene tetramine, from about 25 to 100 parts and, more preferably, from about 40 to 75 weight parts of a reinforcing filler, for example, AS~I N-330 carbon ~Z09494 black and/or hydrated silica; from about 0.5 to 2.0 weigh~ parts of an antioxidant, for example, polymeriæed 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline; from about 3 to 10 weight parts of zinc oxide; from about 0.5 to 2.0 weight parts stearic acid; from about 10 to 40 weight parts of rubber plasticizer for example, dioctylphthalate; and a typical sulfur cure and accelerator system such as from about 0.5 to 3.0 weight parts sulfur and from about 0.5 to 2.0 weight parts sulfenamide accelerator, for example N-oxydiethylene-
2-benzothiazylsulfenamide.
Other well-known rubber plasticizers can be used, for example, polyethers, adipates, and azelates, depending upon the elastomer or elastomer blends selected. The choice of plasticizer and-the level of plasticizer are matters well known to those skilled in the art of elastomer compounding.
Reactive phenolic resins are those capable of polymerizing with a methylene donor, for example, hexamethylene tetramine, tetraethylene tetramine, hexamethoxymethylmelamine.
Reactive phenolic resins suitable for the elastomeric material of the tube 12, preferably either contain hexamethylene tetramine, or the hexamethylene tetramine is added to the compound. The resins should have a melting or softening point below 250 degress F.
Commercial sources include "Arofene"lM resins from Ashland Chemicals, Division of Ashland Oil Company, "Durez"TM resins from Hooker Chemical Corporation, "Alnovol"rM resins from American Hoechst Corporation, Industrial Chemicals Division.
While reactive phenolic resin systems are preferred because of their compatibility with sulfur-base curing systems, other reactive resin systems t~reactive~ meaning capable of polymerizing) m~v be usl~(l in place of the phenolic resins, for ex~lmplc:
shellac plus zinc oxide;
resorcinol aldehyde resins plus a methylene donor such as hexamethylene tetramine;
catechol aldehyde resins plus a methylene donor such as hexamethylene tetramine;
monomers containing isocyanurates plus organic peroxides;
monomers containing acrylates plus organic peroxides;
monomers containing allylic double bonds plus organic peroxides.
Representative examples of monomers useful in the practice of the present invention include:
allyl methacrylate di allyl fumarate triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate 1,6-hexane diol dimethacrylate -pentaerythritol tetra acrylate ethoxylated bis phenol A dimethacrylate trimethylol propane trimethacrylate tri allyl cyanurate tri allyl isocyanurate tri allyl trimellitate di allyl phthalate Representative examples of organic peroxides useful in the practice of the present invention include:
dicumyl'peroxide di-t-butyl peroxide 2,4 pentane dione peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(benzoyl peroxy) hexane n-butyl-4,4-bis(t-butylperoxy) valerate ~%09494 1,1-di-t-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane All of the above-listed resin systems are believed to be capable of providing adequate reinforcement of elastomers for use in a hose including a tube 12 according tc the invention, although the range given for the reactive resin system in the beforementioned general formulation may not be the range required when other elastomer or resin systems are selected.
Determination of the proper amount of reactive resin system is believed to be well within the capability of one skilled in the art of elastomer compounding. Also, as will be revealed in other exemplary formulations provided herein, the use of short discrete fibers is not believed to be requisite although their use is preferred in rotary drilling hose since they provide an extra margin of safety through a different reinforcing mechanism.
The following are examples of compounds which produce the requisite physical properties described hereinbefore. All recipes are given by weight ratios in parts per 100 parts of elastomer.
Example 1 100 acrylonitrile/butadiene copolyer (32 weight percent acrylonitrile content) 50 ASTM N-330 carbon black 10 hydrated silica 0 di octyl phthalate 1 antioxidant 5 zinc oxide 1 stearic acid 30 adhesive treated cellulosic fibers ( Santoweb~MK) 25 phenol formc~ldehyde resin (Durez~ 12686) 2 hexamethylene tetramine 1.5 sulfur l s~ enamide accelerator ~ hen the above ingredients were compounded and vulcanized 60 minutes at 145C., the following physical properties were observed.
Test Test Designation Procedure Value Tensile stress at 20% elongation D-412 1000 psi Elongation at rupture D-412 290%
Young's modulus D-1053 3700 psi Example 2 The following compound is not recommended for use in the tube of a rotary drilling hose due to low resistance to petroleum base drilling fluids; however, it could be used in a high pressure water hose.
100 styrene-butadiene copolymer (23 weight percent styrene) 85 ASTM N-330 carbon black 15 aromatic petroleum base oil
Other well-known rubber plasticizers can be used, for example, polyethers, adipates, and azelates, depending upon the elastomer or elastomer blends selected. The choice of plasticizer and-the level of plasticizer are matters well known to those skilled in the art of elastomer compounding.
Reactive phenolic resins are those capable of polymerizing with a methylene donor, for example, hexamethylene tetramine, tetraethylene tetramine, hexamethoxymethylmelamine.
Reactive phenolic resins suitable for the elastomeric material of the tube 12, preferably either contain hexamethylene tetramine, or the hexamethylene tetramine is added to the compound. The resins should have a melting or softening point below 250 degress F.
Commercial sources include "Arofene"lM resins from Ashland Chemicals, Division of Ashland Oil Company, "Durez"TM resins from Hooker Chemical Corporation, "Alnovol"rM resins from American Hoechst Corporation, Industrial Chemicals Division.
While reactive phenolic resin systems are preferred because of their compatibility with sulfur-base curing systems, other reactive resin systems t~reactive~ meaning capable of polymerizing) m~v be usl~(l in place of the phenolic resins, for ex~lmplc:
shellac plus zinc oxide;
resorcinol aldehyde resins plus a methylene donor such as hexamethylene tetramine;
catechol aldehyde resins plus a methylene donor such as hexamethylene tetramine;
monomers containing isocyanurates plus organic peroxides;
monomers containing acrylates plus organic peroxides;
monomers containing allylic double bonds plus organic peroxides.
Representative examples of monomers useful in the practice of the present invention include:
allyl methacrylate di allyl fumarate triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate 1,6-hexane diol dimethacrylate -pentaerythritol tetra acrylate ethoxylated bis phenol A dimethacrylate trimethylol propane trimethacrylate tri allyl cyanurate tri allyl isocyanurate tri allyl trimellitate di allyl phthalate Representative examples of organic peroxides useful in the practice of the present invention include:
dicumyl'peroxide di-t-butyl peroxide 2,4 pentane dione peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(benzoyl peroxy) hexane n-butyl-4,4-bis(t-butylperoxy) valerate ~%09494 1,1-di-t-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane All of the above-listed resin systems are believed to be capable of providing adequate reinforcement of elastomers for use in a hose including a tube 12 according tc the invention, although the range given for the reactive resin system in the beforementioned general formulation may not be the range required when other elastomer or resin systems are selected.
Determination of the proper amount of reactive resin system is believed to be well within the capability of one skilled in the art of elastomer compounding. Also, as will be revealed in other exemplary formulations provided herein, the use of short discrete fibers is not believed to be requisite although their use is preferred in rotary drilling hose since they provide an extra margin of safety through a different reinforcing mechanism.
The following are examples of compounds which produce the requisite physical properties described hereinbefore. All recipes are given by weight ratios in parts per 100 parts of elastomer.
Example 1 100 acrylonitrile/butadiene copolyer (32 weight percent acrylonitrile content) 50 ASTM N-330 carbon black 10 hydrated silica 0 di octyl phthalate 1 antioxidant 5 zinc oxide 1 stearic acid 30 adhesive treated cellulosic fibers ( Santoweb~MK) 25 phenol formc~ldehyde resin (Durez~ 12686) 2 hexamethylene tetramine 1.5 sulfur l s~ enamide accelerator ~ hen the above ingredients were compounded and vulcanized 60 minutes at 145C., the following physical properties were observed.
Test Test Designation Procedure Value Tensile stress at 20% elongation D-412 1000 psi Elongation at rupture D-412 290%
Young's modulus D-1053 3700 psi Example 2 The following compound is not recommended for use in the tube of a rotary drilling hose due to low resistance to petroleum base drilling fluids; however, it could be used in a high pressure water hose.
100 styrene-butadiene copolymer (23 weight percent styrene) 85 ASTM N-330 carbon black 15 aromatic petroleum base oil
3 antioxidant 3 zinc oxide l stearic acid 20 phenolic resin (~lnovolrM VPN-16 from Hoechst) 1.6 hexamethylene tetramine 1.8 sulfur 1.2 sulfenamide accelerator When the above ingredients were compounded and vulcanized 60 minutes at 145C., the following physical properties were observed.
Test Test Designation Procedure Value Tensile stress at 20% elongation D-412 750 psi Elongation at rupture D-412 260%
Young's modulus D-1053 6900 psi Example 3 100 acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (39 weight % acrylonitrile) 5 zinc oxide 1 stearic acid 40 ASTM N-550 carbon black 20 trimethylol propane trimethacrylate
Test Test Designation Procedure Value Tensile stress at 20% elongation D-412 750 psi Elongation at rupture D-412 260%
Young's modulus D-1053 6900 psi Example 3 100 acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (39 weight % acrylonitrile) 5 zinc oxide 1 stearic acid 40 ASTM N-550 carbon black 20 trimethylol propane trimethacrylate
4.40 weight percent dicumyl peroxide on an inert iller (Di-CupTM40C, available from l~ercules, Inc.) When the above ingredients were compounded and vulcanized 30 minutes at 155C., the following physical properties were observed.
Test 15 Test Designation Procedure Value Tensile stress at 20% elongation D-412 800 psi Elongation at rupture D-412 160%
Young's modulus D-1053 2500 psi When manufacture of rotary drilling hose or the like is contemplated, an acrylonitrile containing elastomer is highly desirable for the tube. The acrylonitrile content of the elastomer may vary from 17 to 50 percent by weight, depending on the degree of ?5 chemical resistance desired, with an acrylonitrile content of at least 20 percent being preferred.
The layer 14 of elastomer in which the steel cables 15 are embedded is chosen to promote adhesion to the steel cables and to the radially inwardly located tube 12 of elastomeric material and the radially outwardly located rubberized textile plies 20.
Suitable compositions for this application are well known to one skilled in this art and will not be further described here.
~209~94 1(~
The o~lter cover 22 of special elastomeric material is prefcrably 1/~" (.38 cm) to 3/16" (1,14 cm) thick to provide suitable protection to underlying hose body.
Example 4 A cover stock was prepared by compounding on a mill 85 parts of polyvinylchloride, 92.4 parts of a carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, AC9N64 made by Polysar Chemical Co., with a mixture of 10 parts of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, 2.0 parts stearic acid, 50 parts carbon black, 2.00 parts internal lubricant, 5.00 parts furfural alcohol, 1.50 parts of furfural-butadiene oily adduct and 0.50 parts of tetramethyl thuram monosulfide, and extruding as a ply about 0.6 centimeters thick on the hose body and then curing preferably about 60 to 90 minutes at 160C.
Example 5 Another cover stack was prepared according to the teachings of Example 4, except 70 parts of polyvinyl chloride and 231 parts of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene was used. This covers stock had a Shore of hardness of 72 whereas the one of Example 4 had a Shore hardness of 74, but the Taber abrasion was slightly higher. The better tear values as measured by the ASTM
Die C method are obtained where the cover stock contains about 40 to 70% polyvinyl chloride in the carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene. Thus, these compositions have very desirable ASTM Die C tear resistance and are highly preferred, other blends may be used too.
While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for the purpose of illustrating the invention it will be apparent to those skilled in ~0949~
the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention.
Test 15 Test Designation Procedure Value Tensile stress at 20% elongation D-412 800 psi Elongation at rupture D-412 160%
Young's modulus D-1053 2500 psi When manufacture of rotary drilling hose or the like is contemplated, an acrylonitrile containing elastomer is highly desirable for the tube. The acrylonitrile content of the elastomer may vary from 17 to 50 percent by weight, depending on the degree of ?5 chemical resistance desired, with an acrylonitrile content of at least 20 percent being preferred.
The layer 14 of elastomer in which the steel cables 15 are embedded is chosen to promote adhesion to the steel cables and to the radially inwardly located tube 12 of elastomeric material and the radially outwardly located rubberized textile plies 20.
Suitable compositions for this application are well known to one skilled in this art and will not be further described here.
~209~94 1(~
The o~lter cover 22 of special elastomeric material is prefcrably 1/~" (.38 cm) to 3/16" (1,14 cm) thick to provide suitable protection to underlying hose body.
Example 4 A cover stock was prepared by compounding on a mill 85 parts of polyvinylchloride, 92.4 parts of a carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, AC9N64 made by Polysar Chemical Co., with a mixture of 10 parts of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, 2.0 parts stearic acid, 50 parts carbon black, 2.00 parts internal lubricant, 5.00 parts furfural alcohol, 1.50 parts of furfural-butadiene oily adduct and 0.50 parts of tetramethyl thuram monosulfide, and extruding as a ply about 0.6 centimeters thick on the hose body and then curing preferably about 60 to 90 minutes at 160C.
Example 5 Another cover stack was prepared according to the teachings of Example 4, except 70 parts of polyvinyl chloride and 231 parts of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene was used. This covers stock had a Shore of hardness of 72 whereas the one of Example 4 had a Shore hardness of 74, but the Taber abrasion was slightly higher. The better tear values as measured by the ASTM
Die C method are obtained where the cover stock contains about 40 to 70% polyvinyl chloride in the carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene. Thus, these compositions have very desirable ASTM Die C tear resistance and are highly preferred, other blends may be used too.
While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for the purpose of illustrating the invention it will be apparent to those skilled in ~0949~
the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A reinforced hose structure comprising from inside to outside:
(a) a tube of elastomeric material;
(b) two layers of helically extending reinforcing members, said reinforcing member of each layer having an opposite sense orientation relative to longitudinal axis of said hose, said layers being encapsulated in elastomeric material; and (c) a cover of compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber forming outside surface of said hose.
(a) a tube of elastomeric material;
(b) two layers of helically extending reinforcing members, said reinforcing member of each layer having an opposite sense orientation relative to longitudinal axis of said hose, said layers being encapsulated in elastomeric material; and (c) a cover of compounded carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber forming outside surface of said hose.
2. The hose of claim 1 wherein the cover compounded contains carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber blended with polyvinyl chloride.
3. The hose of Claim 2 wherein the cover compound contains 40 to 70% by weight of polyvinyl chloride.
4. The hose of claim 1 wherein the elastomer material is characterized as having a measured stress of at least 600 psi (4.157 X 106 pascals) at 20 percent elongation when measured to ASTM method D-412 and an elongation at rupture of at least 150 percent when measured according to ASTM method D-412 and a Young's modulus of at least 2000 psi (13,790 X 107 pascals) when measured according to ASTM method D-1053.
5. The hose of Claim 1 wherein the cover is about 0.38 to 1.14 centimeters thick.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US42849382A | 1982-09-29 | 1982-09-29 | |
| US428,493 | 1982-09-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1209494A true CA1209494A (en) | 1986-08-12 |
Family
ID=23699118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000436785A Expired CA1209494A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1983-09-15 | Reinforced hose structure having a tough flexible cover |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5977186A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU561844B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8304991A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1209494A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2132307B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU189341B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1168789B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08312842A (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Flexible tube |
| JP3271752B2 (en) * | 1998-09-21 | 2002-04-08 | 株式会社明治ゴム化成 | Ultra-low expansion brake rubber hose and method of manufacturing the same |
| FR2808861B1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2002-08-23 | Tricoflex Sa | FLEXIBLE PIPING FOR THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERY OR LIQUID MATERIAL |
| JP5798809B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2015-10-21 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | High pressure hose |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5113252A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-02-02 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Hikarifuaibano seizohoho |
| JPS5224245A (en) * | 1975-08-19 | 1977-02-23 | Fujitsu Ltd | Powder coating method |
-
1983
- 1983-09-15 CA CA000436785A patent/CA1209494A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-15 BR BR8304991A patent/BR8304991A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-09-26 IT IT49038/83A patent/IT1168789B/en active
- 1983-09-27 GB GB08325743A patent/GB2132307B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-27 JP JP58177195A patent/JPS5977186A/en active Granted
- 1983-09-28 HU HU833372A patent/HU189341B/en unknown
- 1983-09-28 AU AU19671/83A patent/AU561844B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2132307B (en) | 1986-01-15 |
| JPH022029B2 (en) | 1990-01-16 |
| GB2132307A (en) | 1984-07-04 |
| IT1168789B (en) | 1987-05-20 |
| AU561844B2 (en) | 1987-05-21 |
| JPS5977186A (en) | 1984-05-02 |
| GB8325743D0 (en) | 1983-10-26 |
| HU189341B (en) | 1986-06-30 |
| AU1967183A (en) | 1984-04-05 |
| IT8349038A0 (en) | 1983-09-26 |
| BR8304991A (en) | 1984-09-04 |
| HUT36241A (en) | 1985-08-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |