CA1208112A - Apparatus for charging and discharging a press - Google Patents
Apparatus for charging and discharging a pressInfo
- Publication number
- CA1208112A CA1208112A CA000425588A CA425588A CA1208112A CA 1208112 A CA1208112 A CA 1208112A CA 000425588 A CA000425588 A CA 000425588A CA 425588 A CA425588 A CA 425588A CA 1208112 A CA1208112 A CA 1208112A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- press
- tables
- discharge
- trays
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/20—Moulding or pressing characterised by using platen-presses
- B27N3/22—Charging or discharging
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
APPARATUS FOR CHARGING AND DISCHARGING A PRESS
Abstract of the Disclosure Apparatus for pressing wood chips supported on movable trays into particle boards comprises press charging structure, a multilevel hot press having multilevel hot plates therein, press discharge structure and separation structure for separating finished particle boards from their associated trays. The press charging and discharge structure includes individual charging and discharge tables at each hot plate level, and the tables are pivotally connected to the press at the individual hot plate levels. Lifting structure is connected to raise and lower the free ends of the charging and discharge tables, and conveyor structure interconnects each hot plate level with its associated charging and discharge tables for transporting trays with wood chips thereon to and from the press.
Abstract of the Disclosure Apparatus for pressing wood chips supported on movable trays into particle boards comprises press charging structure, a multilevel hot press having multilevel hot plates therein, press discharge structure and separation structure for separating finished particle boards from their associated trays. The press charging and discharge structure includes individual charging and discharge tables at each hot plate level, and the tables are pivotally connected to the press at the individual hot plate levels. Lifting structure is connected to raise and lower the free ends of the charging and discharge tables, and conveyor structure interconnects each hot plate level with its associated charging and discharge tables for transporting trays with wood chips thereon to and from the press.
Description
8~
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for charging a multilevel press with wood chips, pressing the wood chips into particle boards, and discharging the formed particle boards from the press, as well as a procedure for chargin~ and 1, discharging a multilevel press.
¦l After the wood chip mass has been distributed into single sections, whereby the wood chips are already located on individual trays, the trays with wood chips thereon have i hitherto been introduced into a press charging device in the form , of a charger cage. Subsequently, a multilevel hot press is 1 charged from the charger cage and after completion of the pressing Il procedure, the finished particle boards are removed from the hot press and forwarded into a press discharging device in the form j of a press discharge cage. From the discharge cage the finished ¦¦ particle boards are forwarded, via a separation device, in such a !! manner that the particle boards are transported in a separate I production line and the trays from which the particle boards have been removed are transported in another production line. Such press charging and discharging cages are very costly, since a transport device must be provided in each cage in order to Il transport the not yet pressed particle boards as well as the ;l pressed particle boards. Furthermore, a transport device must be provided on the hot press in order to make it possible to transport the wood chips to be pressed and to remove the pressed wood chips from the press. The cost for such devices, particularly in the case of multilevel installati.ons, and the difficulty in synchronizing the individual work functions, are obvious.
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Constant monitoring of tne ins-tall.ation is required due to the multiple arrarlgements of transport devices in the inclividual functional sec-tions and due to the uneven wear. ~t is also necessary to aseer~ain that in case of malfunction of the installation, those wood chips that are in the hot press to be pressed are moved out of the hot press as soon as possible.
According to the present invention there is provided an apparatus for pressing wood chips supported on movable trays into particle boards, the apparatus having a press charying means, a multilevel hot press with multilevel hot plates therein, press discharge means and separation means for separating finisned particle - boards rrom their associated trays. The press eharging means ineludes a charging table at each to plate level, and the press discharge means includes a discharge table at each ho-t plate level. Pivotal connection means is provided between each charginy table ana its associated hot plate level and between each discharge table and its associated hot plate level. Lifting means is eonnected to raise and lower the free ends of the charging ancl discharging cables opposite the pivo-tally connected ends.
Conveying means intereonnects eaeh hot plate level with its assoeiated eharging and discharging table Eor transporting trays with wood chips thereon to and from the press.
The purpose of the present invention is therefor to decrease the cost for eharging and discharging a hot press, to increase its reliability and also to aehieve an acceleration of th~ pressing phase. Pressing phase is understood to mean the time of charging, pressing and discharging wood chips from a hot press, and the separation of the finished particle boards from their support trays. This problem is solved by means of articulated ....
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Gonnections between the charying and discharging tables wi~h each le-~el of -the ho-t press. The previous costly adjustment between the charging device and -the hot press plates is eliminated, and destruction of wood chips caused by faulty alignment is also eliminated since no adius-tment errors can occur. Furthermore, the cycle of charging and discharging is by necessity synchronized by using a feed conveyor according to the invention, so that colli-sions between -trays carrying not yet pressed wood chips and trays carrying an already pressed particle board are impossible~
More specifically, in order to avoid dislocation of the mass of wood chips in an observed cross section, a maximum bending or buckling angle between press plate level and charger table is prescribea. In the case of multilevel hot presses having a great number of levels, by necessity, often there is a bending or buckling angle greater than the allowed bending or buckling angle, and the apparatus of the present invention allows numerous press levels without exceeding the critical bending or buckling angle, A specific embodimen-t of the present invention serves to accelerate the press cycle while at the same time maintaining the desired conditions of the wood chips prior to pressing. By allowing a heat medium to act on the charging table~ the condi-tions on the side of the wood chips which res-ts on the support tray are main-tained at the condition given for the other side of the wood chips layer when the wood chips are in-troduced into the hot press. ~ater, air or oil may serve as heat medium.
Blowers may be usecl to supp:Ly the chargillg tables with hot air, and the press may be used as a heat source.
Moreover, -the support surface of the chargin~ tables mab/' ~l may be fabricated from a material havlng good -therrrlal conduc-tivi-ty and low heat content.
~ lso, a specific ernbodir~ent of the present apparatus enables raising and lowering of the charging and dicharging tables while retaining a constant distance between the individual tables. Spacers between the -tables maintain the spaced rela-tionship as the tables are vertically shifted. Tow elements and a drive therefor raise and lower the tables, and equivalent means are also suitable, such as compressed air or hydraulic instal-lations, as well as eccentric drives.
The charging procedure for a multilevel hot press, according to the invention, decreases the dead times caused by the adjustment in each case of the available free height to the height of the ~ood chips to be pressed.
Contrary to what is the - 4a -mab/\~
~ 2 case in the traditional systems where the free height has to be adjusted to that of the individual press levels, the hot press need now only be opened so wide at each new charge to accommodate the maximum height of the wood chips to be pressed.
Thus, the invention solves the initially stated problern, namely to decrease the cost, to accelerate the charging and discharging process at practically i.dentical conditions for each , batch of wood chips to be pressed.
Detailed Description of the Drawin~ I
Novel features and advantages of the present invention in addition to those mentioned above will become apparent from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with , the accompanying drawing wherein:
Figure 1 is a schematic side elevational view of press I charging and discharging devices including a hot press and ¦I conveyor for transporting trays loaded with wood chip;
Figure lA is a schematic side elevational view showing separation of the pressed particle board from its associated support tray;
Figure lB is a diagrammatic view illustrating the various shapes of the charging table;
I Figure 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown in ; Figure 1 including hot air ducts in the area of the charging tables;
, Figure 3A is a cross sectional view taken along line 3A-3A of Figure 2 illustrating details of one of the charging . tables;
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Figure 3B is a cross sectional view similar ~o Figure 3.^~
illustrating an alternate embodiment; and Figure 4 is a schematic view of a tow conveyor for charging and discharging of the hot press.
Detailed Description of the Invention Figure 1 schematically illustrates a three-level press installation, where a conveyor 1, represented as a conveyor bel.t, together with an auxiliary conveyor 2 function to charge a lower j charging table 3 with wood chips 6 to be pressed located on a flexible support tray 5. In the represented position, the auxiliary conveyor 2, which is located on the sides of the feed conveyor 1 and above the same, is in its extreme end position.
i, i By means of a pusher 7 connected to the conveyor 2, the pusher catches behind a head piece 4 of the tray 5 which head piece extends from the sides of the feed conveyor 1. Such action brings the tray into the area of a tow conveyor 9 (shown in Figures 2 and 4) which is trained around a first return wheel 8 and is provided with catches that engage the head pieces 4, thus pulling the wood chip mass 6 to be pressed and its associated tray 5 onto the lower charging table 3. The function of the conveyor 9, which may co~prise a chain conveyvr or a V-belt conveyor, will be described in y,reater detail in conjunction with Figure 4.
The lowest charging table 3 is raised and lowered by means of tow elements 10 comlected to roller 11 on one side of ~he apparatus and another roller 11' on the other side thereof.
The rollers 1]., 11' are connected to and activated by a motor 12 having reversible direction. A center charging table 13 and an , . ,, . ,, ,., .. ~ j, upper chargin~ table 14 are supported above one another at their free ends by spacers 15, 15' and 16, 16' arranged on the sides of charging tables 13 and 14. The other ends of the charging tables are connected with press plates 20, 21, 22 of a three-level hot press 23 by articulated connections 17, 18, l9, which extend over~
the entire width of the charging tables.
After the wood chips 6 and the support tray 5 are pulled onto the lowest charging table 3, the motor 12 is activated in such a direction that the center charging table is shifted to a position in front of the auxiliary conveyor 2 and in allgnment with the feed conveyor l. After such alignment, an additional tray with wood chips 6 thereon is brought into the action area of a return wheel 8' by means of the pusher 7. The tray is pulled onto the center charging table by the catches of a second tow conveyor 9' trained around the wheel 8'. Subsequently, by means , of the motor 12 and the rollers 11, 11', the tow element 10, 10' are lowered so that the upper charging table 14 is brought into al tray receiving position. A tray 5 with wood chips thereon is th~n pulled onto the charging table 14 by means of a third return wheel 8'' and its associated tow conveyors 9''.
After opening of the hot press 23, the tow conveyors 9, 9', 9'' are simultaneously activated and to thereby pull the trays 5 with the wood chips 6 thereon into the hot press via the action between the head pieces 4 on the trays and the catches on the tow conveyors. While the fresh trays are being introduced into the press, finished pressed particle boards located in the hot press are pulled out from the open hot press by means of ,, .
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additional catches on the to~7 conveyors 9, g', 9''. The pressed particle boards and their support trays are deposited on discharge tables.
In the illustrated example, a lower discharge table 24, a center discharge table 25, and an upper discharge table 26 are provided. Each is connected with the press plates 20, 21 and 22 at the exit from the hot press 23 by means of articulated connections 17', 18', 19'. The free ends of the discharge tables 24, 25, 26 are supported in the same manner as the charging tables 3, 13, and 14 so that they may be lifted and lowered by means of tow elements 10'', 10''', rollers 11'', 11''', and a motor 12' having reversible direction. Accordingly, when the individual particle boards are removed from the respective discharge tables, the discharge tables being arranged one above the other are lifted or lowered to align the particle boards 27 and trays 5 with the mechanism for removing the trays.
The tow conveyors 9, 9', 9'' are activated by a reversible motor 29. In this regard, a reversible motor 29 can be provided or each tow conveyor, or by means of a simple chain connection, each tow conveyor can be individually activated by a single motor. For purposès of cooling during the press process, all three tow conveyors 9, 9', 9'' are driven over cardan shafts from a single motor.
The separation of the particle board 27 from its tray 5 takes place as follows. A take-off conveyor 30 by means of its hook 31 catches behind the head piece 4 of the tray 5 and brings the tray with the particle board 27 into the action area of a 8~Z
separation roller 32 having catches 33 thereon. The take-~f f conveyor 30 shifts to the right which brings the head pieces 4 to a position where they are engaged by the catches 33 on the roller 32. After such engagement, the separation roller 32 is moved in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 1 and the tray 5 is pulled off and in a downward direction, while the finished particle board is forwarded to further processing via a roller table 34. The flexible nature of the support tray enables it to conform to the curvature of the roller 32. By means of the ' rotation of the separation roller 32, the tray 5 is moved to a return conveyor 35 which returns the separated trays to the feed conveyor 1 for reloading with wood chips to be pressed.
Instead of flexible trays such as steel screen or thin steel plates, trays of aluminum or another material suitable for production of particle board may be used, such as heat resis~ant synthetic materials, for example. Then the separation roller 32 may be replaced by an intermediate conveyor 35a (see Figure lA) onto which, also by means of catches 33, tray plates 36 including particle boards 27 may be pulled by the take-off conveyor 30 and ~he hook 31. When the tray plates 36 are in the area of the catches 33, the intermediate c~nveyor is activated in the direction of the arrow until the tray plate 36 with the particle board 27 thereon has been pulled up onto the upper reach of the intermediate conveyor 35a. Subsequently, the intermediate conveyor 35a is braked, and by means of a pusher device 37 which operates perpendicular to the direction of ~ravel, the particle board as shown in Figure 2 is pushed off onto the roller table 34 located parallel to the transport direction of the discharge tables.
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After the particle board 27 has been removed from the tray plate 36, the intermediate conveyor 35a is downwardly rotated about its drive shaft 38 to the position indicated in phantom outline in Figure lA. Thereafter motor 39 connected to drive ~he intermediate conveyor 35a operates in reverse to deposit the tray plate 3~ onto the return conveyor 35b represented in phantom outline. From here, the tray plate is returned to the feed conveyor 1 for reloading with wood chips.
The three-level press 23 can also be replaced with a hot press having a greater number of levels, if the requirement is fulfilled that in case of a five-level press, for example, the slope angle between an additional charging table 40 and an additional press plate 41 is not exceeded when the wood chips are, introduced into the hot press. Another requirement must also be considered~ namely that the transfer angle between the conveyor 1 and the charging tables does not exceed a maximum bending or buckling angle when flexible trays are used. Otherwise, there is a danger that the structure of the wood chip mass may change. In order to fulfill this requirement, it is suggested, according to the invention, that the charging table ~0 be provided with at least one bend or buckle ~2 whereby the supporting surface of the additional charging table ~0 becomes that which is represented with broken lines in Figure 1. Alternatively, the conveyor 1 may be raised and lowered in the direction of double arrow ~ in the area of its roller 43 to align the transfer level of the conveyor 1 with the appropriate hot press level. In this case, the lifting and lowering device consisting of tow elements 10 .
8~2 lO, lO', rollers ll, ll`, and the reversible motor 12 can be used in combination with the vertically movable conveyor lso that the permissible magnitude of the bending or buckling angle is not exceeded even during the transfer from the feed conveyor 1 to the charging tables.
If the permissible bending or buckling angle between the feed conveyor and the charging tables exceeds the allowed buckling angle, it is suggested, according to the invention, that the conveyor 1 be correspondingly provided with bends so that even with a high number of levels, the allowed bending or buckling angle of the transfer from one conveyor to another is not exceeded. Several bends or buckles can be provided in the charging tables or the feed conveyor 1, creating a clockwise or counterclockwise slope therein. Thus it is ~o be regarded as an appropriate execution of the invention if, in the transport direction according to arrow 45 (Figure lB) the carrying side 46 is deformed at bending or buckling points 46a, 46b, and 46c, first counterclockwise and subsequently clockwise at bending or buckling point 46d. Hence, the contour of the carrying side 46 of a charging table is a polygon, or a continuous progression 47 of the carrying side 46 or a so-called S-curve of the carrying side 46 is imprinted on a charging table ~Figure lB). Such a shaping of the carrying side of the charging table also causes a decrease of the wear when the tray is transferred from the charging table into the hot press.
If, as represented in Figure 1, an additional lifting and lowering device consisting of tow elements 90, 90', rollers 91, 91', and a drive motor 92 is provided in the area of the ~ ~ 8 ~ 2 charging tables 3, 13, 14, and if each one of the charging tables has additional articulated portions 93, 94, 95 and supports g6, 97, a variable bending or buckling angle can be produced according to requirements. ~en the drive motors 12 and 92 are correspond-~ingly controlled, bending or buckling angles can be obtained both clockwise and counterclockwise.
Corresponding to the charging table shown in Figure lB, the carrying side of the feed conveyor 1 can also be made so that~
minimal wear is caused during the transfer to the conveyor 1 and from that conveyor to the charging table. As a result, minimum structural change occurs in the not yet pressed wood chip mass, even if a multilevel hot press has a great number of levels.
The thickness of the unpressed wood chips is measured by application of a device 48 for measuring layer thickness.
This information is fed into position indicators that are located, on the press. Based on this information, the press Gpening of each level is correspondingly adiusted so that during the pressing process, even minor unnecessary travel is eliminated.
According ~o ~he invention, it is thus possible, by means of such monitoring o the wood chip mass ~o be pressed, to press wood chip masses oE different thickness on each charging table without having to open all of the press levels to their maximum free width.
The top plan view of Figure 2 shows the location of heating ducts in the area of the charging tables 3, 13, and 1 supplied by an external heat source 55 via a fan 56. As also shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the heat medium is directed against ~l20~
the transport direction in the upper half of each charging table 3, 13, 14 along three ducts 57, 58, 59. The medium is discharged at the free end of the charging tables 3, 13, 14 into a closed return flow chamber 61 in an area 60, and, via an outlet connector 62. The returned medium may be reheated from the external heat source 55 and returned ln circulation via a pressure line 63, or, in case of an interruption in the production of particle boards, led out into the open via an outlet connectorl 64. Instead of the external heat source 55, the hot press plates, of the three-level hot press 23 may serve as the heat source. In, this regard, the individual press plates each may consist of ~wo heat plates through which the heating medium flows connected together by means of a spacer in the form of vertical steel plates.
I, Fresh air is sucked in via the blower 56, which first affects the Il individual press plates 20, 21, 22, through which heated water or ¦ oil flows as a heat medium, thus causing an equalization of the j temperature over the press plates, maintaining constant , temperature in the hot press even with frequent exchanges of charges. The heated air is subsequently led through the ducts 57, 58, 59 in the charging tables, thus preheating the wood chips that rest on trays on the charging tab].es. Thereafter, the ' cooled air flows via the return flow chamber 61 and is recirculated through the press plates 20, 21, 22, or partly exchanged and mixed with new ~resh air in order to warm up the forms to be pressed. In case of a sudden stoppage, air present within the charging tables is immediately discharged into the , open via the outle~ connector 64, so that unnecessary heating of the forms is avoided, which might otherwise cause premature I hardening.
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In Figures 3A an~3B, a plate covering, e.g. of aluminum, is provided on one side as the carrying side 46 of a charging ` table, and on the other side, a grate cover is represented on !` which the flexible tray 5 or tray plate 36 directly rests. By means of a partition 66, which may consist of a particle board, for example, heat ducts 57, 58, 59 are separated from the return i flow chamber 61, so that any mixture between cooled heat medium ¦ and hot heat medium can be avoided. In addition, by using a partition that absorbs very little heat, any cooling of the heat medium flowing in the duets 57, 58, 59 is avoided. The return flow chamber is provided with an additional cover 50. If there is a risk that unpressed forms might touch the additional cover 50 of the charging table directly above, the additional cover 50 may be omitted and the form to be pressed can then extend up to the partition 66. However, in this case, only ducts 57, 59 are I used as flow ducts for heating of the wood chip mass to be ¦ pressed and duct 58 is used as a return flow duct.
Figure 4 illustrates the catch devices on the tow conveyor 9, whereby for the sake of clarity tow chain deflections ¦¦ have been omitted in the area of the articulations 17, 18, 19 as ¦! well as 17', 18', and 19'.
j As discussed above in conjunction with Figure 1, the Il related charging tables, press levels, and discharge tables are il interconnected by the tow conveyors 9, 9', 9''. Furthermore, ¦I the tow conveyors may be activated in combination as well as 1, individually so that during the pressing process, the individual 1, charging tables 3, 13, 14 may be consecutively charged without I
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14.
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influence on the particle boards just about to be pressed. A
total of six tow piece catches 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, and 72 are provided along the circumference of the tow conveyor 9. During the charging process, all tow piece catches are moved to the right from the position b' in the transport direction according to the ;
arrow, until they reach the position a' of the tow chain catch 67 The tow chain catch 67 moves from its position a' into a position f' of the tow chain catch 71 bringing with it the particle board I and support tray contained in the press. The tow chain catch theT~
moves from the position f' into the position e' and if there is another tray 5 with a particle board on the discharge table, this tray would be brought along at its head piece 4 by the tow chain catch 71 into the area of the hook 31 and thereafter introduced into the separation process by the take-off conveyor 30.
, Simultaneously an.d with corresponding positions according to , Figure 1 for the lowest charging table 3 and its tow conveyor porter 9, a tray with a form is pulled up onto the charging table 3 by the conveyor 1 as a result of the movement of the tow piece catch 69 from its position c' into the position b'. When the hot press has been closed and during the hot pressing process, the tow conveyor 9', which is trained around the center charging table and discharge table, is pulled back against the transport direction and the charging table 13 is lowered into the transfer level. Subsequently, the next level is charged with a form ~o be pressed by means of repeated advancement of the catch corresponding to the tow piece catch 69 from position c' into position b'. The charging of the upper charging tabl.e is executed in the same z manner. On the discharge side, the discharge of the discharge tables 24, 25, 26 is also performed in the same manner with the same charging conveyors 9, 9', 9'', so that aEter the completion of the pressing process, the forms resting in front of the press on the charging tables can be fed into the press, and the press can be simultaneously emptied without any risk of destruction of particle boards to be pressed or just pressed.
According to the invention, overheating of the tow elements of the tow conveyors is avoided in that during the pressing process, all tow conveyors advance and return in combination as a result of the charging of one level. This also makes it possible to use belts of synthetic material or rubber as tow elements instead ot chains.
', 16.
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for charging a multilevel press with wood chips, pressing the wood chips into particle boards, and discharging the formed particle boards from the press, as well as a procedure for chargin~ and 1, discharging a multilevel press.
¦l After the wood chip mass has been distributed into single sections, whereby the wood chips are already located on individual trays, the trays with wood chips thereon have i hitherto been introduced into a press charging device in the form , of a charger cage. Subsequently, a multilevel hot press is 1 charged from the charger cage and after completion of the pressing Il procedure, the finished particle boards are removed from the hot press and forwarded into a press discharging device in the form j of a press discharge cage. From the discharge cage the finished ¦¦ particle boards are forwarded, via a separation device, in such a !! manner that the particle boards are transported in a separate I production line and the trays from which the particle boards have been removed are transported in another production line. Such press charging and discharging cages are very costly, since a transport device must be provided in each cage in order to Il transport the not yet pressed particle boards as well as the ;l pressed particle boards. Furthermore, a transport device must be provided on the hot press in order to make it possible to transport the wood chips to be pressed and to remove the pressed wood chips from the press. The cost for such devices, particularly in the case of multilevel installati.ons, and the difficulty in synchronizing the individual work functions, are obvious.
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Constant monitoring of tne ins-tall.ation is required due to the multiple arrarlgements of transport devices in the inclividual functional sec-tions and due to the uneven wear. ~t is also necessary to aseer~ain that in case of malfunction of the installation, those wood chips that are in the hot press to be pressed are moved out of the hot press as soon as possible.
According to the present invention there is provided an apparatus for pressing wood chips supported on movable trays into particle boards, the apparatus having a press charying means, a multilevel hot press with multilevel hot plates therein, press discharge means and separation means for separating finisned particle - boards rrom their associated trays. The press eharging means ineludes a charging table at each to plate level, and the press discharge means includes a discharge table at each ho-t plate level. Pivotal connection means is provided between each charginy table ana its associated hot plate level and between each discharge table and its associated hot plate level. Lifting means is eonnected to raise and lower the free ends of the charging ancl discharging cables opposite the pivo-tally connected ends.
Conveying means intereonnects eaeh hot plate level with its assoeiated eharging and discharging table Eor transporting trays with wood chips thereon to and from the press.
The purpose of the present invention is therefor to decrease the cost for eharging and discharging a hot press, to increase its reliability and also to aehieve an acceleration of th~ pressing phase. Pressing phase is understood to mean the time of charging, pressing and discharging wood chips from a hot press, and the separation of the finished particle boards from their support trays. This problem is solved by means of articulated ....
. - 3 -~-1 m~b/ ~r~
;~t~8~
Gonnections between the charying and discharging tables wi~h each le-~el of -the ho-t press. The previous costly adjustment between the charging device and -the hot press plates is eliminated, and destruction of wood chips caused by faulty alignment is also eliminated since no adius-tment errors can occur. Furthermore, the cycle of charging and discharging is by necessity synchronized by using a feed conveyor according to the invention, so that colli-sions between -trays carrying not yet pressed wood chips and trays carrying an already pressed particle board are impossible~
More specifically, in order to avoid dislocation of the mass of wood chips in an observed cross section, a maximum bending or buckling angle between press plate level and charger table is prescribea. In the case of multilevel hot presses having a great number of levels, by necessity, often there is a bending or buckling angle greater than the allowed bending or buckling angle, and the apparatus of the present invention allows numerous press levels without exceeding the critical bending or buckling angle, A specific embodimen-t of the present invention serves to accelerate the press cycle while at the same time maintaining the desired conditions of the wood chips prior to pressing. By allowing a heat medium to act on the charging table~ the condi-tions on the side of the wood chips which res-ts on the support tray are main-tained at the condition given for the other side of the wood chips layer when the wood chips are in-troduced into the hot press. ~ater, air or oil may serve as heat medium.
Blowers may be usecl to supp:Ly the chargillg tables with hot air, and the press may be used as a heat source.
Moreover, -the support surface of the chargin~ tables mab/' ~l may be fabricated from a material havlng good -therrrlal conduc-tivi-ty and low heat content.
~ lso, a specific ernbodir~ent of the present apparatus enables raising and lowering of the charging and dicharging tables while retaining a constant distance between the individual tables. Spacers between the -tables maintain the spaced rela-tionship as the tables are vertically shifted. Tow elements and a drive therefor raise and lower the tables, and equivalent means are also suitable, such as compressed air or hydraulic instal-lations, as well as eccentric drives.
The charging procedure for a multilevel hot press, according to the invention, decreases the dead times caused by the adjustment in each case of the available free height to the height of the ~ood chips to be pressed.
Contrary to what is the - 4a -mab/\~
~ 2 case in the traditional systems where the free height has to be adjusted to that of the individual press levels, the hot press need now only be opened so wide at each new charge to accommodate the maximum height of the wood chips to be pressed.
Thus, the invention solves the initially stated problern, namely to decrease the cost, to accelerate the charging and discharging process at practically i.dentical conditions for each , batch of wood chips to be pressed.
Detailed Description of the Drawin~ I
Novel features and advantages of the present invention in addition to those mentioned above will become apparent from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with , the accompanying drawing wherein:
Figure 1 is a schematic side elevational view of press I charging and discharging devices including a hot press and ¦I conveyor for transporting trays loaded with wood chip;
Figure lA is a schematic side elevational view showing separation of the pressed particle board from its associated support tray;
Figure lB is a diagrammatic view illustrating the various shapes of the charging table;
I Figure 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown in ; Figure 1 including hot air ducts in the area of the charging tables;
, Figure 3A is a cross sectional view taken along line 3A-3A of Figure 2 illustrating details of one of the charging . tables;
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Figure 3B is a cross sectional view similar ~o Figure 3.^~
illustrating an alternate embodiment; and Figure 4 is a schematic view of a tow conveyor for charging and discharging of the hot press.
Detailed Description of the Invention Figure 1 schematically illustrates a three-level press installation, where a conveyor 1, represented as a conveyor bel.t, together with an auxiliary conveyor 2 function to charge a lower j charging table 3 with wood chips 6 to be pressed located on a flexible support tray 5. In the represented position, the auxiliary conveyor 2, which is located on the sides of the feed conveyor 1 and above the same, is in its extreme end position.
i, i By means of a pusher 7 connected to the conveyor 2, the pusher catches behind a head piece 4 of the tray 5 which head piece extends from the sides of the feed conveyor 1. Such action brings the tray into the area of a tow conveyor 9 (shown in Figures 2 and 4) which is trained around a first return wheel 8 and is provided with catches that engage the head pieces 4, thus pulling the wood chip mass 6 to be pressed and its associated tray 5 onto the lower charging table 3. The function of the conveyor 9, which may co~prise a chain conveyvr or a V-belt conveyor, will be described in y,reater detail in conjunction with Figure 4.
The lowest charging table 3 is raised and lowered by means of tow elements 10 comlected to roller 11 on one side of ~he apparatus and another roller 11' on the other side thereof.
The rollers 1]., 11' are connected to and activated by a motor 12 having reversible direction. A center charging table 13 and an , . ,, . ,, ,., .. ~ j, upper chargin~ table 14 are supported above one another at their free ends by spacers 15, 15' and 16, 16' arranged on the sides of charging tables 13 and 14. The other ends of the charging tables are connected with press plates 20, 21, 22 of a three-level hot press 23 by articulated connections 17, 18, l9, which extend over~
the entire width of the charging tables.
After the wood chips 6 and the support tray 5 are pulled onto the lowest charging table 3, the motor 12 is activated in such a direction that the center charging table is shifted to a position in front of the auxiliary conveyor 2 and in allgnment with the feed conveyor l. After such alignment, an additional tray with wood chips 6 thereon is brought into the action area of a return wheel 8' by means of the pusher 7. The tray is pulled onto the center charging table by the catches of a second tow conveyor 9' trained around the wheel 8'. Subsequently, by means , of the motor 12 and the rollers 11, 11', the tow element 10, 10' are lowered so that the upper charging table 14 is brought into al tray receiving position. A tray 5 with wood chips thereon is th~n pulled onto the charging table 14 by means of a third return wheel 8'' and its associated tow conveyors 9''.
After opening of the hot press 23, the tow conveyors 9, 9', 9'' are simultaneously activated and to thereby pull the trays 5 with the wood chips 6 thereon into the hot press via the action between the head pieces 4 on the trays and the catches on the tow conveyors. While the fresh trays are being introduced into the press, finished pressed particle boards located in the hot press are pulled out from the open hot press by means of ,, .
~' , 7.
Z
additional catches on the to~7 conveyors 9, g', 9''. The pressed particle boards and their support trays are deposited on discharge tables.
In the illustrated example, a lower discharge table 24, a center discharge table 25, and an upper discharge table 26 are provided. Each is connected with the press plates 20, 21 and 22 at the exit from the hot press 23 by means of articulated connections 17', 18', 19'. The free ends of the discharge tables 24, 25, 26 are supported in the same manner as the charging tables 3, 13, and 14 so that they may be lifted and lowered by means of tow elements 10'', 10''', rollers 11'', 11''', and a motor 12' having reversible direction. Accordingly, when the individual particle boards are removed from the respective discharge tables, the discharge tables being arranged one above the other are lifted or lowered to align the particle boards 27 and trays 5 with the mechanism for removing the trays.
The tow conveyors 9, 9', 9'' are activated by a reversible motor 29. In this regard, a reversible motor 29 can be provided or each tow conveyor, or by means of a simple chain connection, each tow conveyor can be individually activated by a single motor. For purposès of cooling during the press process, all three tow conveyors 9, 9', 9'' are driven over cardan shafts from a single motor.
The separation of the particle board 27 from its tray 5 takes place as follows. A take-off conveyor 30 by means of its hook 31 catches behind the head piece 4 of the tray 5 and brings the tray with the particle board 27 into the action area of a 8~Z
separation roller 32 having catches 33 thereon. The take-~f f conveyor 30 shifts to the right which brings the head pieces 4 to a position where they are engaged by the catches 33 on the roller 32. After such engagement, the separation roller 32 is moved in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 1 and the tray 5 is pulled off and in a downward direction, while the finished particle board is forwarded to further processing via a roller table 34. The flexible nature of the support tray enables it to conform to the curvature of the roller 32. By means of the ' rotation of the separation roller 32, the tray 5 is moved to a return conveyor 35 which returns the separated trays to the feed conveyor 1 for reloading with wood chips to be pressed.
Instead of flexible trays such as steel screen or thin steel plates, trays of aluminum or another material suitable for production of particle board may be used, such as heat resis~ant synthetic materials, for example. Then the separation roller 32 may be replaced by an intermediate conveyor 35a (see Figure lA) onto which, also by means of catches 33, tray plates 36 including particle boards 27 may be pulled by the take-off conveyor 30 and ~he hook 31. When the tray plates 36 are in the area of the catches 33, the intermediate c~nveyor is activated in the direction of the arrow until the tray plate 36 with the particle board 27 thereon has been pulled up onto the upper reach of the intermediate conveyor 35a. Subsequently, the intermediate conveyor 35a is braked, and by means of a pusher device 37 which operates perpendicular to the direction of ~ravel, the particle board as shown in Figure 2 is pushed off onto the roller table 34 located parallel to the transport direction of the discharge tables.
.~
After the particle board 27 has been removed from the tray plate 36, the intermediate conveyor 35a is downwardly rotated about its drive shaft 38 to the position indicated in phantom outline in Figure lA. Thereafter motor 39 connected to drive ~he intermediate conveyor 35a operates in reverse to deposit the tray plate 3~ onto the return conveyor 35b represented in phantom outline. From here, the tray plate is returned to the feed conveyor 1 for reloading with wood chips.
The three-level press 23 can also be replaced with a hot press having a greater number of levels, if the requirement is fulfilled that in case of a five-level press, for example, the slope angle between an additional charging table 40 and an additional press plate 41 is not exceeded when the wood chips are, introduced into the hot press. Another requirement must also be considered~ namely that the transfer angle between the conveyor 1 and the charging tables does not exceed a maximum bending or buckling angle when flexible trays are used. Otherwise, there is a danger that the structure of the wood chip mass may change. In order to fulfill this requirement, it is suggested, according to the invention, that the charging table ~0 be provided with at least one bend or buckle ~2 whereby the supporting surface of the additional charging table ~0 becomes that which is represented with broken lines in Figure 1. Alternatively, the conveyor 1 may be raised and lowered in the direction of double arrow ~ in the area of its roller 43 to align the transfer level of the conveyor 1 with the appropriate hot press level. In this case, the lifting and lowering device consisting of tow elements 10 .
8~2 lO, lO', rollers ll, ll`, and the reversible motor 12 can be used in combination with the vertically movable conveyor lso that the permissible magnitude of the bending or buckling angle is not exceeded even during the transfer from the feed conveyor 1 to the charging tables.
If the permissible bending or buckling angle between the feed conveyor and the charging tables exceeds the allowed buckling angle, it is suggested, according to the invention, that the conveyor 1 be correspondingly provided with bends so that even with a high number of levels, the allowed bending or buckling angle of the transfer from one conveyor to another is not exceeded. Several bends or buckles can be provided in the charging tables or the feed conveyor 1, creating a clockwise or counterclockwise slope therein. Thus it is ~o be regarded as an appropriate execution of the invention if, in the transport direction according to arrow 45 (Figure lB) the carrying side 46 is deformed at bending or buckling points 46a, 46b, and 46c, first counterclockwise and subsequently clockwise at bending or buckling point 46d. Hence, the contour of the carrying side 46 of a charging table is a polygon, or a continuous progression 47 of the carrying side 46 or a so-called S-curve of the carrying side 46 is imprinted on a charging table ~Figure lB). Such a shaping of the carrying side of the charging table also causes a decrease of the wear when the tray is transferred from the charging table into the hot press.
If, as represented in Figure 1, an additional lifting and lowering device consisting of tow elements 90, 90', rollers 91, 91', and a drive motor 92 is provided in the area of the ~ ~ 8 ~ 2 charging tables 3, 13, 14, and if each one of the charging tables has additional articulated portions 93, 94, 95 and supports g6, 97, a variable bending or buckling angle can be produced according to requirements. ~en the drive motors 12 and 92 are correspond-~ingly controlled, bending or buckling angles can be obtained both clockwise and counterclockwise.
Corresponding to the charging table shown in Figure lB, the carrying side of the feed conveyor 1 can also be made so that~
minimal wear is caused during the transfer to the conveyor 1 and from that conveyor to the charging table. As a result, minimum structural change occurs in the not yet pressed wood chip mass, even if a multilevel hot press has a great number of levels.
The thickness of the unpressed wood chips is measured by application of a device 48 for measuring layer thickness.
This information is fed into position indicators that are located, on the press. Based on this information, the press Gpening of each level is correspondingly adiusted so that during the pressing process, even minor unnecessary travel is eliminated.
According ~o ~he invention, it is thus possible, by means of such monitoring o the wood chip mass ~o be pressed, to press wood chip masses oE different thickness on each charging table without having to open all of the press levels to their maximum free width.
The top plan view of Figure 2 shows the location of heating ducts in the area of the charging tables 3, 13, and 1 supplied by an external heat source 55 via a fan 56. As also shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the heat medium is directed against ~l20~
the transport direction in the upper half of each charging table 3, 13, 14 along three ducts 57, 58, 59. The medium is discharged at the free end of the charging tables 3, 13, 14 into a closed return flow chamber 61 in an area 60, and, via an outlet connector 62. The returned medium may be reheated from the external heat source 55 and returned ln circulation via a pressure line 63, or, in case of an interruption in the production of particle boards, led out into the open via an outlet connectorl 64. Instead of the external heat source 55, the hot press plates, of the three-level hot press 23 may serve as the heat source. In, this regard, the individual press plates each may consist of ~wo heat plates through which the heating medium flows connected together by means of a spacer in the form of vertical steel plates.
I, Fresh air is sucked in via the blower 56, which first affects the Il individual press plates 20, 21, 22, through which heated water or ¦ oil flows as a heat medium, thus causing an equalization of the j temperature over the press plates, maintaining constant , temperature in the hot press even with frequent exchanges of charges. The heated air is subsequently led through the ducts 57, 58, 59 in the charging tables, thus preheating the wood chips that rest on trays on the charging tab].es. Thereafter, the ' cooled air flows via the return flow chamber 61 and is recirculated through the press plates 20, 21, 22, or partly exchanged and mixed with new ~resh air in order to warm up the forms to be pressed. In case of a sudden stoppage, air present within the charging tables is immediately discharged into the , open via the outle~ connector 64, so that unnecessary heating of the forms is avoided, which might otherwise cause premature I hardening.
~%08~
In Figures 3A an~3B, a plate covering, e.g. of aluminum, is provided on one side as the carrying side 46 of a charging ` table, and on the other side, a grate cover is represented on !` which the flexible tray 5 or tray plate 36 directly rests. By means of a partition 66, which may consist of a particle board, for example, heat ducts 57, 58, 59 are separated from the return i flow chamber 61, so that any mixture between cooled heat medium ¦ and hot heat medium can be avoided. In addition, by using a partition that absorbs very little heat, any cooling of the heat medium flowing in the duets 57, 58, 59 is avoided. The return flow chamber is provided with an additional cover 50. If there is a risk that unpressed forms might touch the additional cover 50 of the charging table directly above, the additional cover 50 may be omitted and the form to be pressed can then extend up to the partition 66. However, in this case, only ducts 57, 59 are I used as flow ducts for heating of the wood chip mass to be ¦ pressed and duct 58 is used as a return flow duct.
Figure 4 illustrates the catch devices on the tow conveyor 9, whereby for the sake of clarity tow chain deflections ¦¦ have been omitted in the area of the articulations 17, 18, 19 as ¦! well as 17', 18', and 19'.
j As discussed above in conjunction with Figure 1, the Il related charging tables, press levels, and discharge tables are il interconnected by the tow conveyors 9, 9', 9''. Furthermore, ¦I the tow conveyors may be activated in combination as well as 1, individually so that during the pressing process, the individual 1, charging tables 3, 13, 14 may be consecutively charged without I
.
14.
~o~
influence on the particle boards just about to be pressed. A
total of six tow piece catches 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, and 72 are provided along the circumference of the tow conveyor 9. During the charging process, all tow piece catches are moved to the right from the position b' in the transport direction according to the ;
arrow, until they reach the position a' of the tow chain catch 67 The tow chain catch 67 moves from its position a' into a position f' of the tow chain catch 71 bringing with it the particle board I and support tray contained in the press. The tow chain catch theT~
moves from the position f' into the position e' and if there is another tray 5 with a particle board on the discharge table, this tray would be brought along at its head piece 4 by the tow chain catch 71 into the area of the hook 31 and thereafter introduced into the separation process by the take-off conveyor 30.
, Simultaneously an.d with corresponding positions according to , Figure 1 for the lowest charging table 3 and its tow conveyor porter 9, a tray with a form is pulled up onto the charging table 3 by the conveyor 1 as a result of the movement of the tow piece catch 69 from its position c' into the position b'. When the hot press has been closed and during the hot pressing process, the tow conveyor 9', which is trained around the center charging table and discharge table, is pulled back against the transport direction and the charging table 13 is lowered into the transfer level. Subsequently, the next level is charged with a form ~o be pressed by means of repeated advancement of the catch corresponding to the tow piece catch 69 from position c' into position b'. The charging of the upper charging tabl.e is executed in the same z manner. On the discharge side, the discharge of the discharge tables 24, 25, 26 is also performed in the same manner with the same charging conveyors 9, 9', 9'', so that aEter the completion of the pressing process, the forms resting in front of the press on the charging tables can be fed into the press, and the press can be simultaneously emptied without any risk of destruction of particle boards to be pressed or just pressed.
According to the invention, overheating of the tow elements of the tow conveyors is avoided in that during the pressing process, all tow conveyors advance and return in combination as a result of the charging of one level. This also makes it possible to use belts of synthetic material or rubber as tow elements instead ot chains.
', 16.
Claims (13)
1. Apparatus for pressing wood chips supported on movable trays into particle boards comprising press charging means, a multilevel hot press having multilevel hot plates therein, press discharge means, and separation means for separating finished particle boards from their associated trays, characterized thereby that the press charging means includes a charging table at each hot plate level and the press discharge means includes a discharge table at each hot plate level, pivotal connection means between each charging table and its associated hot plate level and between each discharge table and its associated hot plate level, lifting means connected to raise and lower the free ends of the charging and discharge tables opposite the pivotally connected ends, and conveyor means interconnecting each hot plate level with its associated charging and discharge tables for transporting trays with wood chips thereon to and from the press.
2. Apparatus as in claim 1 wherein each charging and discharge table has at least one bend therein arranged perpendicular to the direction of travel of the trays.
3. Apparatus as in claim 1 including a feed conveyor immediately upstream from the charging tables for supplying trays with wood chips thereon to the charging tables, and means to adjust the slope of feed conveyor.
4. Apparatus as in claim 3 wherein the feed conveyor has at least one bend therein arranged perpendicular to the direction of travel of the trays.
5. Apparatus as in claim 4 wherein the feed conveyor is a conveyor belt.
6. Apparatus as in claim 1 including means for heating the charging tables.
7. Apparatus as in claim 6 wherein the means for heating the charging tables includes hollow spaces in the charging tables and a blower for supplying the hollow spaces with hot air.
8. Apparatus as in claim 7 including means connecting the blower to the press plates for supplying hot air from the press to the charging tables.
9. Apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the charging tables are made from thermally conductive material.
10. Apparatus as in claim 9 wherein the charging tables have a low heat content.
11. Apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the conveyor means interconnecting each hot plate level with its associated charging and discharge tables includes catches thereon constructed and arranged to releasably engage the trays for transporting the trays to and from the press, the distance between the catches being greater than the length of the press, and a reversible motor for the conveyor means.
12. Apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the lifting means includes a first tow connected to the lowermost charging table and a second tow connected to the lowermost discharge table, reversible motor means connected to raise and lower the tows, and spacers interconnecting the lowermost charging table with the remaining charging tables and the lowermost discharge table with remaining discharge tables.
13. An apparatus as in claim 1 including press adjusting means connected to the press levels for adjusting the free height of the individual press levels in relation to the thickness of the wood chips on the charging tables.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82105271.9 | 1982-06-16 | ||
| EP82105271A EP0096099B1 (en) | 1982-06-16 | 1982-06-16 | Transporting device for webs of chips to be pressed in a heating press |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1208112A true CA1208112A (en) | 1986-07-22 |
Family
ID=8189089
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425588A Expired CA1208112A (en) | 1982-06-16 | 1983-04-11 | Apparatus for charging and discharging a press |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0096099B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE21061T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1208112A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3272298D1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI72283C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111422541B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2024-02-20 | 山东森工机械制造有限公司 | Movable plate loading and unloading machine and loading and unloading method |
| CN111593483A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-28 | 埃日尔环保科技(苏州)有限公司 | Hot press for non-woven fabric production |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2236355C3 (en) * | 1972-07-25 | 1978-06-01 | G. Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co, 4150 Krefeld | System for loading multi-opening plate presses |
-
1982
- 1982-06-16 EP EP82105271A patent/EP0096099B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-16 DE DE8282105271T patent/DE3272298D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-16 AT AT82105271T patent/ATE21061T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-04-11 CA CA000425588A patent/CA1208112A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-13 FI FI832111A patent/FI72283C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE21061T1 (en) | 1986-08-15 |
| FI832111A0 (en) | 1983-06-13 |
| DE3272298D1 (en) | 1986-09-04 |
| FI72283B (en) | 1987-01-30 |
| EP0096099B1 (en) | 1986-07-30 |
| FI832111L (en) | 1983-12-17 |
| EP0096099A1 (en) | 1983-12-21 |
| FI72283C (en) | 1987-05-11 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |