CA1206844A - Tree felling head having a rim driven rotary cutter - Google Patents
Tree felling head having a rim driven rotary cutterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1206844A CA1206844A CA000427619A CA427619A CA1206844A CA 1206844 A CA1206844 A CA 1206844A CA 000427619 A CA000427619 A CA 000427619A CA 427619 A CA427619 A CA 427619A CA 1206844 A CA1206844 A CA 1206844A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- saw
- teeth
- anvil
- felling head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000006890 Erythroxylum coca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000950638 Symphysodon discus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008957 cocaer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- HOQADATXFBOEGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isofenphos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(NC(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC(C)C HOQADATXFBOEGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
- B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
- B23D61/04—Circular saw blades with inserted saw teeth, i.e. the teeth being individually inserted
- B23D61/06—Circular saw blades with inserted saw teeth, i.e. the teeth being individually inserted in exchangeable arrangement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/08—Felling trees
- A01G23/091—Sawing apparatus specially adapted for felling trees
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D47/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
- B23D47/12—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of drives for circular saw blades
- B23D47/123—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of drives for circular saw blades acting on the disc of the saw blade
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Shovels (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A tree felling head which includes a frame having a grapple mounted thereon with a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree and power means to selectively open and close the grapple; and a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree.
The severing device is a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on an arm pivotal attached to the frame for movement in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, and included is a second power means for effecting rotation of said severing device.
A tree felling head which includes a frame having a grapple mounted thereon with a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree and power means to selectively open and close the grapple; and a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree.
The severing device is a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on an arm pivotal attached to the frame for movement in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, and included is a second power means for effecting rotation of said severing device.
Description
Title of Invention ~ZG6844 Tree Felling Head Having A RUM Driven Rotary Cutter Field of Invention This invention relates Jo an apparatus for cross-cutting trees and more particularly to an improved felling head for felling trees.
Background of Invention The valuable part of a tree is the butt area where the felling cut is made and there has been increasing concern over the damage being done to this area by severing devices now in use, particularly shears. To overcome this, numerous proposals have been made adapting chain saws to felling heads in place of the shear blades and a large number of the same are in operation. The main drawback, however, of chain saws is their fragility.
Numerous proposals have also been made adapting circular saw blades and gutting disks for gutting trees and severl~g standing trees. In the majority of the known devices, the circular saw blade is mounted on a central axle and, in some cases, are rotated at high speeds, i.e.
rim speeds in the range of 10,000 to 20,000 f.p.m. Some feel these speeds axe necessary to give a high quality cut and perhaps more importantly to build up a reservoir of energy which can be applied to produce a rapid cut.
Varying degrees of success have been achieved by the devices now known.
.
~2~68~4 One problem with the majority of the known circular saw devices is that they are bulky. One reason for this is that the rotary cutter running on a central axis must have a diameter at least twice that of the tree to be cut plus space required for the hub and axle. It has been wound that a minimum size for the saw is about I times the diameter of the largest tree to be cut. This ratio also holds true for two cutters abreast when each cuts half of the tree.
Another reason contributing to the bulkiness of circular saws is that, in many cases, they require protection particularly where slim disks are used to minimize the kern loss. Also r in many instances, the saw blade is retractable mounted in a housing which increases lo the bulk of the device and requires additional apparatus to effect a reciprocating stroke at least equivalent to the largest diameter of tree to be cut.
Some disks are not protected as they do not retract and while they are less bulky they must be heavy enough to withstand impact loads imposed thereon in addition to those produced by cutting. Also, they run at high rim speeds and thus store a great deal of energy.
This permits a very fast cut but the energy release can also produce damaging and dangerous stresses in the disk and its teeth when the disk engages the tree to be cut or t even more seriously, engages stones or bed-rock.
sty One known device (see Canadian Patent 1,140,029 issued January 25, 1983 to A. Arose) employs two saws in stacked relation to each other with enough space between the saws to support and drive them with a chipping element being disposed between the blades to clear the kern. The saw is driven at a high speed and not protected and therm-fore subject to damage. Such arrangement 7 however, is somewhat more compact in diameter than other known devices because the saws are supported and driven by means between the saw blades thus leaving the upper and lower faces clear, resulting in that the saw diameter need only be somewhat larger than the largest tree to be cut. The penalty in this solution is in the width of the kern which must be large enough to permit passage of the two saws and the supporting and driving mechanism between them. The kern is so wide that the wood loss to sawdust is roughly the same as that damaged by I This wood can not be used for pulp as it is sheared wood and left behind in the forest. This solution, by some, is felt to be a retrogressive step in the art.
In summary, the known devices for cross-cutting trees, particularly the felling cut, are fragile in relation to the environment where they must work, some of them being dangerously so because of their fly-wheel characteristics.
Most of them are excessively bulky r and the centrally driven double saw blade tiff Roy, produces an unacceptable kern loss.
~Z~844 Summary of Invention The general purpose of the present invention is to provide a tree felling head having a circular cross-cutting saw and which overcomes the disadvantages of presently known devices. This is accomplished by utilizing a cutting disk, i.e. a circular saw blade, supported and driven at or near the other rim. The arrangement is compact as the saw disk or blade) need only be slightly larger than the largest tree to be cut. The single blade is almost fully supported by the rim thereof and the cutting forces act directly along the rim. It can there-fore be thin enough to produce small kern widths similar to those of conventional chain saws and at the same time be sturdy enough to support cut trees.
The disk-saw can be operated over a wide range of speeds through the choice of a suitable bearing and drive arrangement. In the present proposal the preferred embodiment is a low speed arrangement which avoids the damage and danger potential of high speed disks. The required power is applied through a high-torque, low speed motor of sufficient power to effect the severing and to overcome, in most cases pinching forces exerted by leaning trees.
Teeth are bolted to the disk thus permitting a wide variety of tooth patterns for different conditions and easy replacement of damaged or dull teeth.
~%~6;844 The feed speed is controllable for best application of the cutting power and controlling -the quality of the cut.
The pinion may be cut back at the root of the teeth to provide some self-cleaning.
Air also can be used in two ways with -the present apparatus. It can be jetted onto the driving and bearing surfaces to keep them clean and it can be introduced into the bearing cavity where, in conjunction I with self-lubricating bearing material, will permit much higher rotational speeds if desired.
Brief Description of Drawings The invention is illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a plan view of the severing device shown attached to the base of a felling head illustrated in part by broken line;
Figure 2 is a partial, enlarged, detailed plan view of the dlsk-saw showing the drive arrangement 2Q and the replaceable teeth;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the discus taken essentially along line 3-3 of Figure 1 showing the drive and bearing arrangements and the pinion self-cleaning modifications; --Figure 4 is a plan view similar to Figure 2 but illustrating an alternative drive arrangement employing some chain drive technology;
Figure 5 is a sectional view of the bearing and drive taken along line 5-5 of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the bearing and drive showing a ball bearing alternative to the metal S bearings of Figure 3 and Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a partial plan view of a modified gear tooth and cutting tooth arrangement;
Figure 8 is a right hand view of Figure 7;
and ; Figure 9 it a view similar to Figure 8 but with the cutting tooth rotated to a different position.
. Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated, partly in broken line, the outline of the base portion 10 of a felling head having a rim drive severing device mounted thereon and provided in accordance with the present invention.
The base portion of the felling head is of the type disclosed in Canadian Patent 1,103,130 issued June 16, 1981 to my company, Logging Development Corporation, or Canadian Patent 1,065,742 issued November 6, 1979. It will, however, be obvious to anyone skilled in the art that the principles disclosed herein can be applied to any felling head and to other cross-cutting devices as well as those employed for cross-cutting on tree processors.
The severing device has a frame 13 (also referred to as an arm) pivotal attached to the base of the felling head by a pin 11 and is controllable moved by a hydraulic cylinder unit 12 connected thereto, A rotary cutting device 14 it a circular disk) is mounted on the outer end of frame 13 (in a manner to be described hereinafter) and is driven by a motor 15 through pinion gear 16 which mates with gear teeth 17 adjacent the outer periphery of the rotary disk 14. Cutting teeth 18 (or abrading elements) are mounted (preferably detachably) on the outer end of gear teeth 17. The rotary cutter 14 is supported adjacent the outer periphery thereof by suitable bearings in a part circular portion AYE on the outer end of arm 13. The part circular portion AYE is U-shaped in cross-section providing a curved channel that receives a portion of the saw disk around a portion of the periphery of the cutting disk. Actuation of the cylinder 12 pivots the arm 13 about the pin 11 and moves the rotary cutter coca ye, 14 toward and away from a sharp edgedranvil 29 on the frame of the felling head. A tree to be severed is kirk placed between the rotary cutter and the anvil 29 and the arm is controllable moved at an appropriate speed toward the anvil so as to cut the tree.
Figure 2 illustrates in greater detail the drive motor 15 and gear or pinion 16 driven thereby, meshing with gear teeth 17 on the rotary cutter. The cutting or abrading elements 18 are shown detachably attached to the tips of two adjacent gear teeth 17 by threaded studs 19. The year teeth 17 are preferably _ 7 ~2~6B914 or the Face gear type and the pinion 16 is preferably a Spur gear suitably proportioned to mesh with the Face gear teeth.
Figure 3 is a sectional view at the point of gear contact illustrating bearing support elements AYE
and 20B for supporting and guiding the rotary cutter and sealing elements 21 located on opposite sides of each of the bearing to retain lubricant and exclude contamination.
The bearing 20B on the upper surface of the circular cutter 14 engages the flat side face of the cutter and it will be :.' noted on the lower surface the bearing AYE projects into a groove 20C in the lower side face of the cutter. The bearings AYE and 2B are mounted in the curved channel of the arm portion AYE which is U-shaped in cross-section and extends essentially along the full length of the part circular housing. The bearings are curved so as to be part circular with a radius of curvature about the center point of the circular cutting disk. Also in this embodiment, it will be noted gear teeth of pinion gear 16 are cut back as indicated at 16B, the purpose of which is to have a self-cleaning effect as the pinion gears mesh with the gear teeth 17.
In Figures 4 and 5 there is illustrated an optional drive arrangement wherein roller assemblies 23 replace the Face gear teeth 17 and sprocket I with special gear teeth replaces the Spur gear 16. The rollers 23 are retained in position by a retaining ring 25 held in . . .
~2~68~4 place by cutting elements 26 attached to the circular disk 14 by cap screw elements 27. It will be noted the cutting elements 26 illustrated are different from the cutting elements 18 in that two cutting projections AYE
are provided rather than a single cutting element shown ion Figure l. In most instances, the two adjacent cutting teeth AYE would be offset in opposite directions relative to the plane of the disk, and offset sufficiently to provide a kern wider than the thickness of the disk as is normal with any cutting blade Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Figure 4 illustrating the point of contact of the A drive from which it can be seen the cutting projections of the teeth are offset and positioned around the outer periphery of the ring 25 which retains rollers 23 on projections or on studs secured to the disk 14.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken essentially along line A-A of Figure l, but illustrating a modified bearing arrangement to support the rotary disk 14. In Figure 6 there is illustrated a circulating ball bearing assembly 28 which will permit much higher rotational speeds of the cutter 14 than possible with metal bearings designated AYE and 20B in Figures 3 and 5. While the circulating Bali bearing assembly 28 is illustrated only on a lower surface, it could optionally be used on the upper surface or both.
_ 9 _ ~Z~613~4 In the rotary cutter illustrated in the fore-going embodiments, the cutting teeth are secured -to two adjacent gear teeth on the outer periphery of the disk which mesh with the pinion gear. Referring to Figures 7 to 9 inclusive, there is illustrated a single cutting tooth 30 mounted individually on each of the gear teeth 17 on the cutting member 14. The cutting tooth member MU
consists of a stem 31 projecting into a hole or recess AYE
in gear tooth 17 and retained in position by a pin 32. On the outer end of stem 31 is a member 33 appropriately shaped with cutting edges for cutting wood. The shaft 31 is preferably circular, fitting into a cylindrical hole AYE in the tooth 17 and the material and/or size of pin 32 is appropriately chosen so as to be a shear pin in the event cutting member 33 encounters unusual or impact forces during cutting, for example, striking a stone rather than cutting through wood. The cutting part 33 of members 30 are oppositely directed on adjacent gear teeth on the ring cutting member so as to cut a kern of sufficient width to clear the circular plate 14. Figure 8 illustrates one tooth facing in one direction and in dotted line the next adjacent tooth is illustrated facing the opposite direction.
In this embodiment, as illustrated in Figure 9, the cutting portion 33 may be positioned differently so as to provide the appropriate cutting action dictated by the requirements at the time. In order to do this in place of shear pin 32, a set screw or set screws may be utilized to retain the sheik 31 at an appropriate position. It will, of course, be understood the stem may be redrilled for the appropriate angle required or redrilled at different positions permitting setting the teeth at di~Eerent predetermined angles.
Background of Invention The valuable part of a tree is the butt area where the felling cut is made and there has been increasing concern over the damage being done to this area by severing devices now in use, particularly shears. To overcome this, numerous proposals have been made adapting chain saws to felling heads in place of the shear blades and a large number of the same are in operation. The main drawback, however, of chain saws is their fragility.
Numerous proposals have also been made adapting circular saw blades and gutting disks for gutting trees and severl~g standing trees. In the majority of the known devices, the circular saw blade is mounted on a central axle and, in some cases, are rotated at high speeds, i.e.
rim speeds in the range of 10,000 to 20,000 f.p.m. Some feel these speeds axe necessary to give a high quality cut and perhaps more importantly to build up a reservoir of energy which can be applied to produce a rapid cut.
Varying degrees of success have been achieved by the devices now known.
.
~2~68~4 One problem with the majority of the known circular saw devices is that they are bulky. One reason for this is that the rotary cutter running on a central axis must have a diameter at least twice that of the tree to be cut plus space required for the hub and axle. It has been wound that a minimum size for the saw is about I times the diameter of the largest tree to be cut. This ratio also holds true for two cutters abreast when each cuts half of the tree.
Another reason contributing to the bulkiness of circular saws is that, in many cases, they require protection particularly where slim disks are used to minimize the kern loss. Also r in many instances, the saw blade is retractable mounted in a housing which increases lo the bulk of the device and requires additional apparatus to effect a reciprocating stroke at least equivalent to the largest diameter of tree to be cut.
Some disks are not protected as they do not retract and while they are less bulky they must be heavy enough to withstand impact loads imposed thereon in addition to those produced by cutting. Also, they run at high rim speeds and thus store a great deal of energy.
This permits a very fast cut but the energy release can also produce damaging and dangerous stresses in the disk and its teeth when the disk engages the tree to be cut or t even more seriously, engages stones or bed-rock.
sty One known device (see Canadian Patent 1,140,029 issued January 25, 1983 to A. Arose) employs two saws in stacked relation to each other with enough space between the saws to support and drive them with a chipping element being disposed between the blades to clear the kern. The saw is driven at a high speed and not protected and therm-fore subject to damage. Such arrangement 7 however, is somewhat more compact in diameter than other known devices because the saws are supported and driven by means between the saw blades thus leaving the upper and lower faces clear, resulting in that the saw diameter need only be somewhat larger than the largest tree to be cut. The penalty in this solution is in the width of the kern which must be large enough to permit passage of the two saws and the supporting and driving mechanism between them. The kern is so wide that the wood loss to sawdust is roughly the same as that damaged by I This wood can not be used for pulp as it is sheared wood and left behind in the forest. This solution, by some, is felt to be a retrogressive step in the art.
In summary, the known devices for cross-cutting trees, particularly the felling cut, are fragile in relation to the environment where they must work, some of them being dangerously so because of their fly-wheel characteristics.
Most of them are excessively bulky r and the centrally driven double saw blade tiff Roy, produces an unacceptable kern loss.
~Z~844 Summary of Invention The general purpose of the present invention is to provide a tree felling head having a circular cross-cutting saw and which overcomes the disadvantages of presently known devices. This is accomplished by utilizing a cutting disk, i.e. a circular saw blade, supported and driven at or near the other rim. The arrangement is compact as the saw disk or blade) need only be slightly larger than the largest tree to be cut. The single blade is almost fully supported by the rim thereof and the cutting forces act directly along the rim. It can there-fore be thin enough to produce small kern widths similar to those of conventional chain saws and at the same time be sturdy enough to support cut trees.
The disk-saw can be operated over a wide range of speeds through the choice of a suitable bearing and drive arrangement. In the present proposal the preferred embodiment is a low speed arrangement which avoids the damage and danger potential of high speed disks. The required power is applied through a high-torque, low speed motor of sufficient power to effect the severing and to overcome, in most cases pinching forces exerted by leaning trees.
Teeth are bolted to the disk thus permitting a wide variety of tooth patterns for different conditions and easy replacement of damaged or dull teeth.
~%~6;844 The feed speed is controllable for best application of the cutting power and controlling -the quality of the cut.
The pinion may be cut back at the root of the teeth to provide some self-cleaning.
Air also can be used in two ways with -the present apparatus. It can be jetted onto the driving and bearing surfaces to keep them clean and it can be introduced into the bearing cavity where, in conjunction I with self-lubricating bearing material, will permit much higher rotational speeds if desired.
Brief Description of Drawings The invention is illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a plan view of the severing device shown attached to the base of a felling head illustrated in part by broken line;
Figure 2 is a partial, enlarged, detailed plan view of the dlsk-saw showing the drive arrangement 2Q and the replaceable teeth;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the discus taken essentially along line 3-3 of Figure 1 showing the drive and bearing arrangements and the pinion self-cleaning modifications; --Figure 4 is a plan view similar to Figure 2 but illustrating an alternative drive arrangement employing some chain drive technology;
Figure 5 is a sectional view of the bearing and drive taken along line 5-5 of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the bearing and drive showing a ball bearing alternative to the metal S bearings of Figure 3 and Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a partial plan view of a modified gear tooth and cutting tooth arrangement;
Figure 8 is a right hand view of Figure 7;
and ; Figure 9 it a view similar to Figure 8 but with the cutting tooth rotated to a different position.
. Description of the Preferred Embodiment Referring to Figure 1, there is illustrated, partly in broken line, the outline of the base portion 10 of a felling head having a rim drive severing device mounted thereon and provided in accordance with the present invention.
The base portion of the felling head is of the type disclosed in Canadian Patent 1,103,130 issued June 16, 1981 to my company, Logging Development Corporation, or Canadian Patent 1,065,742 issued November 6, 1979. It will, however, be obvious to anyone skilled in the art that the principles disclosed herein can be applied to any felling head and to other cross-cutting devices as well as those employed for cross-cutting on tree processors.
The severing device has a frame 13 (also referred to as an arm) pivotal attached to the base of the felling head by a pin 11 and is controllable moved by a hydraulic cylinder unit 12 connected thereto, A rotary cutting device 14 it a circular disk) is mounted on the outer end of frame 13 (in a manner to be described hereinafter) and is driven by a motor 15 through pinion gear 16 which mates with gear teeth 17 adjacent the outer periphery of the rotary disk 14. Cutting teeth 18 (or abrading elements) are mounted (preferably detachably) on the outer end of gear teeth 17. The rotary cutter 14 is supported adjacent the outer periphery thereof by suitable bearings in a part circular portion AYE on the outer end of arm 13. The part circular portion AYE is U-shaped in cross-section providing a curved channel that receives a portion of the saw disk around a portion of the periphery of the cutting disk. Actuation of the cylinder 12 pivots the arm 13 about the pin 11 and moves the rotary cutter coca ye, 14 toward and away from a sharp edgedranvil 29 on the frame of the felling head. A tree to be severed is kirk placed between the rotary cutter and the anvil 29 and the arm is controllable moved at an appropriate speed toward the anvil so as to cut the tree.
Figure 2 illustrates in greater detail the drive motor 15 and gear or pinion 16 driven thereby, meshing with gear teeth 17 on the rotary cutter. The cutting or abrading elements 18 are shown detachably attached to the tips of two adjacent gear teeth 17 by threaded studs 19. The year teeth 17 are preferably _ 7 ~2~6B914 or the Face gear type and the pinion 16 is preferably a Spur gear suitably proportioned to mesh with the Face gear teeth.
Figure 3 is a sectional view at the point of gear contact illustrating bearing support elements AYE
and 20B for supporting and guiding the rotary cutter and sealing elements 21 located on opposite sides of each of the bearing to retain lubricant and exclude contamination.
The bearing 20B on the upper surface of the circular cutter 14 engages the flat side face of the cutter and it will be :.' noted on the lower surface the bearing AYE projects into a groove 20C in the lower side face of the cutter. The bearings AYE and 2B are mounted in the curved channel of the arm portion AYE which is U-shaped in cross-section and extends essentially along the full length of the part circular housing. The bearings are curved so as to be part circular with a radius of curvature about the center point of the circular cutting disk. Also in this embodiment, it will be noted gear teeth of pinion gear 16 are cut back as indicated at 16B, the purpose of which is to have a self-cleaning effect as the pinion gears mesh with the gear teeth 17.
In Figures 4 and 5 there is illustrated an optional drive arrangement wherein roller assemblies 23 replace the Face gear teeth 17 and sprocket I with special gear teeth replaces the Spur gear 16. The rollers 23 are retained in position by a retaining ring 25 held in . . .
~2~68~4 place by cutting elements 26 attached to the circular disk 14 by cap screw elements 27. It will be noted the cutting elements 26 illustrated are different from the cutting elements 18 in that two cutting projections AYE
are provided rather than a single cutting element shown ion Figure l. In most instances, the two adjacent cutting teeth AYE would be offset in opposite directions relative to the plane of the disk, and offset sufficiently to provide a kern wider than the thickness of the disk as is normal with any cutting blade Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Figure 4 illustrating the point of contact of the A drive from which it can be seen the cutting projections of the teeth are offset and positioned around the outer periphery of the ring 25 which retains rollers 23 on projections or on studs secured to the disk 14.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken essentially along line A-A of Figure l, but illustrating a modified bearing arrangement to support the rotary disk 14. In Figure 6 there is illustrated a circulating ball bearing assembly 28 which will permit much higher rotational speeds of the cutter 14 than possible with metal bearings designated AYE and 20B in Figures 3 and 5. While the circulating Bali bearing assembly 28 is illustrated only on a lower surface, it could optionally be used on the upper surface or both.
_ 9 _ ~Z~613~4 In the rotary cutter illustrated in the fore-going embodiments, the cutting teeth are secured -to two adjacent gear teeth on the outer periphery of the disk which mesh with the pinion gear. Referring to Figures 7 to 9 inclusive, there is illustrated a single cutting tooth 30 mounted individually on each of the gear teeth 17 on the cutting member 14. The cutting tooth member MU
consists of a stem 31 projecting into a hole or recess AYE
in gear tooth 17 and retained in position by a pin 32. On the outer end of stem 31 is a member 33 appropriately shaped with cutting edges for cutting wood. The shaft 31 is preferably circular, fitting into a cylindrical hole AYE in the tooth 17 and the material and/or size of pin 32 is appropriately chosen so as to be a shear pin in the event cutting member 33 encounters unusual or impact forces during cutting, for example, striking a stone rather than cutting through wood. The cutting part 33 of members 30 are oppositely directed on adjacent gear teeth on the ring cutting member so as to cut a kern of sufficient width to clear the circular plate 14. Figure 8 illustrates one tooth facing in one direction and in dotted line the next adjacent tooth is illustrated facing the opposite direction.
In this embodiment, as illustrated in Figure 9, the cutting portion 33 may be positioned differently so as to provide the appropriate cutting action dictated by the requirements at the time. In order to do this in place of shear pin 32, a set screw or set screws may be utilized to retain the sheik 31 at an appropriate position. It will, of course, be understood the stem may be redrilled for the appropriate angle required or redrilled at different positions permitting setting the teeth at di~Eerent predetermined angles.
Claims (37)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A felling head comprising in combination:
(a) a frame having a grapple mounted thereon and comprising a pair of jaw members, at least one of which is pivotally mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the other and together providing a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree, power means connected to said movable grapple jaw members selectively to open and close said grapple; and (b) a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree, said severing device comprising a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on an arm pivotally attached to the frame for movement in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, and second power means effecting rotation of said severing device.
(a) a frame having a grapple mounted thereon and comprising a pair of jaw members, at least one of which is pivotally mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the other and together providing a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree, power means connected to said movable grapple jaw members selectively to open and close said grapple; and (b) a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree, said severing device comprising a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on an arm pivotally attached to the frame for movement in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, and second power means effecting rotation of said severing device.
2. A felling head as defined in claim 1 wherein the supported peripheral portion of the circular saw projects into a curved channel in said arm and including bearings therein engaging respectively opposite side faces of the saw.
3. A felling head as defined in claim 2 wherein at least one of the support bearings projects into a groove in a side face of the saw to guide the same.
4. A felling head as defined in claim 1 wherein said circular saw has gear teeth adjacent the outer periphery thereof meshing with a motor driven pinion and wherein cutting teeth of the saw are mounted on the outer end of the gear teeth.
5. A felling head as defined in claim 4 wherein said cutting teeth are detachably mounted on the gear teeth.
6. A felling head as defined in claims 4 or 5 wherein each cutting tooth spans across and is connected to at least two adjacent gear teeth.
A felling head as defined in claim 4 wherein said pinion has teeth undercut at the root to promote self-cleaning during use in cutting trees.
8. A felling head as defined in claims 4 or 5 wherein said gear teeth comprise pins each having a sleeve roller mounted thereon and including a circumferential ring circumscribing the rollers retaining the same on the pins and wherein the cutting teeth are mounted around the outer periphery of the ring.
9. A felling head as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said rim driven saw is movable toward and away from an arcuate anvil mounted on said frame.
10. A felling head as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said rim driven saw is movable toward and away from an edge on a plate mounted on the frame, said plate being provided for supporting the butt end of a plurality of cut trees.
11. A felling head as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said rim driven saw is movable toward and away from a concave anvil mounted on said frame, the curvature of which corresponds essentially to that of the outer periphery of the cutting member and arranged such as to be in face to face mating relation following cutting through a tree.
12. A felling head as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said rim driven saw is movable toward and away from a sharpened edge on a plate mounted on the frame for supporting the butt end of a plurality of cut trees and wherein said grapple is an accumulator grapple of the type which includes an additional arm for holding and accumulating trees as they are cut.
13. In a felling head having a grapple for grasping a standing tree and a cutting device for severing the grasped standing tree the improvement comprising a cutting device consisting of a rim driven cutter and a concave anvil mounted on said felling head for abutting against a tree on a side thereof opposed to the cutter during cutting of a standing tree.
14. The improvement as defined in claim 13 wherein the curvature of the anvil corresponds essentially to that of the outer periphery of the cutting member and in face to face relation for generally mating therewith following severing of a tree.
15. The improvement as defined in claims 14 or 15 wherein said anvil has a sharpened edge facing said cutter.
16. In a felling head having a grapple for grasping a standing tree and a cutting device for severing the grasped standing tree the improvement comprising a cutting device consisting of a rim driven saw and a concave anvil mounted on said felling head, said anvil abutting against a tree on a side thereof opposed to the cutter during cutting of a standing tree said saw having cutting formations projecting outwardly in a direction from the axis of rotation of the saw and having a portion thereof defining teeth meshing with teeth of a power driven pinion the teeth of at least one of saw and pinion being of a gear tooth design.
17. The improvement as defined in claim 16 wherein the curvature of the anvil corresponds essentially to that of the outer periphery of the cutting member and in face to face relation for generally mating therewith following severing of a tree.
18. The improvements as defined in claims 16 or 17 wherein said anvil has a sharpened edge facing said cutter.
19. Apparatus for transversely cutting elongate articles such as trees or the like and particularly standing trees comprising a) a frame having an arcuate anvil thereon; and b) a rim driven saw carried by a support pivotally mounted on said frame and movable towards said anvil for cutting an article disposed therebetween and movable away therefrom to receive another article to be cut, said rim driven saw having cutting formations projecting in a direction outwardly from the axis of rotation of the cutting member and having a portion thereof defining teeth meshing with teeth of a power driven pinion, the teeth of at least one of said cutting member and drive pinion being of a gear tooth design.
20. A felling head comprising in combination:
a) a frame having a grapple mounted thereon and comprising a pair of jaw members, at least one of which is pivotally mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the other and together providing a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree, power means connected to said movable grapple jaw members selectively to open and close said grapple; and b) a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree, said severing device comprising an anvil mounted on said frame, an arm pivotally mounted on said frame and having an arcuate portion facing the anvil and including bearing means for supporting a circular saw, a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on the arcuate portion of said arm, movement of said arm during pivoting being in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, said rim driven saw having cutting formations around the outer periphery thereof projecting in a direction outwardly from the axis of rotation of the saw and having a portion thereof defining teeth for meshing with teeth on a power driven pinion; a motor unit mounted on said arm and having a pinion mounted directly thereon, the teeth of said pinion meshing with the teeth on the circular saw for driving the same, said pinion being a Spur Gear.
a) a frame having a grapple mounted thereon and comprising a pair of jaw members, at least one of which is pivotally mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the other and together providing a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree, power means connected to said movable grapple jaw members selectively to open and close said grapple; and b) a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree, said severing device comprising an anvil mounted on said frame, an arm pivotally mounted on said frame and having an arcuate portion facing the anvil and including bearing means for supporting a circular saw, a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on the arcuate portion of said arm, movement of said arm during pivoting being in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, said rim driven saw having cutting formations around the outer periphery thereof projecting in a direction outwardly from the axis of rotation of the saw and having a portion thereof defining teeth for meshing with teeth on a power driven pinion; a motor unit mounted on said arm and having a pinion mounted directly thereon, the teeth of said pinion meshing with the teeth on the circular saw for driving the same, said pinion being a Spur Gear.
21. A felling head as defined in claim 20 wherein the supported peripheral portion of the circular saw projects into a curved channel in said arm and wherein said bearing means engages respectively opposite side faces of the saw.
22. A felling head as defined in claim 21 wherein said circular saw has gear teeth adjacent the outer periphery thereof meshing with the motor driven pinion and wherein cutting teeth of the saw are mounted on the outer end of the gear teeth.
23. A felling head as defined in claim 22 wherein said pinion has the teeth thereof undercut at the root to promote self-cleaning during use in cutting trees.
24. A felling head as defined in claim 22 wherein said gear teeth of the circular saw comprise pins each having a sleeve roller mounted thereon and including a circumferential ring circumscribing the rollers retaining the same on the pins and wherein the cutting teeth are mounted around the outer periphery of the ring.
25. A felling head as defined in claim 20 wherein said anvil is arcuate.
26. A felling head as defined in claim 20 wherein said anvil comprises a sharpened edge on a plate mounted on the frame.
27. A felling head as defined in claim 25 wherein said anvil has a sharpened edge.
28. Apparatus for transversely cutting elongate articles such as trees or the like and particularly standing trees comprising a) a frame having an anvil thereon;
b) an arm pivotally mounted on said frame and having an arcuate portion facing the anvil with bearing means for supporting a circular saw;
c) a rim driven circular saw supported along a rim portion thereof on the arcuate portion of the arm, pivotal movement of said arm moving said saw towards said anvil for cutting an article disposed between the saw and the anvil and movable away therefrom to receive another article to be cut, said rim driven saw having cutting formations around the outer periphery thereof projecting in a direction outwardly from the axis of rotation of the saw and having a portion thereof defining teeth for meshing with teeth on a power driven pinion; and d) a motor unit mounted on said arm and having a pinion mounted directly thereon, the teeth of said pinion meshing with the teeth on the circular saw for driving the same, said pinion being a Spur Gear.
b) an arm pivotally mounted on said frame and having an arcuate portion facing the anvil with bearing means for supporting a circular saw;
c) a rim driven circular saw supported along a rim portion thereof on the arcuate portion of the arm, pivotal movement of said arm moving said saw towards said anvil for cutting an article disposed between the saw and the anvil and movable away therefrom to receive another article to be cut, said rim driven saw having cutting formations around the outer periphery thereof projecting in a direction outwardly from the axis of rotation of the saw and having a portion thereof defining teeth for meshing with teeth on a power driven pinion; and d) a motor unit mounted on said arm and having a pinion mounted directly thereon, the teeth of said pinion meshing with the teeth on the circular saw for driving the same, said pinion being a Spur Gear.
29. Apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein said anvil is concave, such concavity facing the arcuate portion of said arm.
30. Apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein said anvil has a sharpened edge facing said circular saw.
31. Apparatus as defined in claim 29 wherein said anvil has a sharpened edge facing said rim driven saw.
32. Apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein said anvil comprises a flat plate.
33. Apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein said motor unit is located within the outline configuration of said arm.
34. In a felling head having a grapple for grasping a standing tree and a cutting device for severing the grasped standing tree the improvement comprising a cutting device consisting of a rim driven circular saw and an arcuate anvil mounted on said felling head for receiving and cutting a tree therebetween, said anvil abutting against the tree on a side thereof opposed to the cutter during cutting of the tree, said saw having cutting formations projecting outwardly in a direction from the axis of rotation of the saw and having a portion thereof defining teeth meshing with teeth of a power driven pinion, said pinion being a Spur Gear.
35. The improvement as defined in claim 34 wherein the curvature of the anvil corresponds essentially to that of the outer periphery of the cutting member and in face to face relation for generally mating therewith following severing of a tree.
36. The improvement as defined in claim 34 wherein said anvil has a sharpened edge facing said cutter.
37. A felling head comprising in combination:
a) a frame having a grapple mounted thereon which is pivotally mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the other and together providing a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree, power means connected to said movable grapple jaw members selectively to open and close said grapple; and b) a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree, said severing device comprising a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on an arm pivotally attached to the frame for movement in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, and second power means effecting rotation of said severing device said circular saw having gear teeth adjacent the outer end of the gear teeth, each cutting tooth spanning across and being connected to at least two adjacent gear teeth.
a) a frame having a grapple mounted thereon which is pivotally mounted on the frame for movement toward and away from the other and together providing a grapple jaw which may be selectively opened and closed to respectively receive and grasp a standing tree, power means connected to said movable grapple jaw members selectively to open and close said grapple; and b) a severing device mounted on said frame below said grapple for severing a standing tree, said severing device comprising a rim driven planar circular saw mounted around a peripheral portion thereof on an arm pivotally attached to the frame for movement in a plane transverse to the length of the standing tree, and second power means effecting rotation of said severing device said circular saw having gear teeth adjacent the outer end of the gear teeth, each cutting tooth spanning across and being connected to at least two adjacent gear teeth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000427619A CA1206844A (en) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-05-06 | Tree felling head having a rim driven rotary cutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000427619A CA1206844A (en) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-05-06 | Tree felling head having a rim driven rotary cutter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1206844A true CA1206844A (en) | 1986-07-02 |
Family
ID=4125187
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000427619A Expired CA1206844A (en) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-05-06 | Tree felling head having a rim driven rotary cutter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1206844A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111684944A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-22 | 黄河三角洲(滨州)国家农业科技园区管理委员会 | First mouth controller and method for opening first of jujube tree by using same |
-
1983
- 1983-05-06 CA CA000427619A patent/CA1206844A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111684944A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-22 | 黄河三角洲(滨州)国家农业科技园区管理委员会 | First mouth controller and method for opening first of jujube tree by using same |
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