CA1206547A - Means for processing miniature electronic components such as capacitors or resistors - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract of the Disclosure Miniature electronic component parts such as capacitors or resistors are end conductively coated by use of a part handling plate having a multiplicity of passage-ways therethrough with walls coated by resilient material to grip the parts. A bank of pins in a press (a) are used to move the parts in the passageway, (b) are used to load the parts into the passageways through the use of a loading plate housing part receiving openings filled with parts by the use of vibration equipment, and (c) are used to discharge the parts from the passageways into the recesses of an unloading plate. The parts are moved in the passageways first to expose one end to be coated and then second to expose the other end of the parts to be coated.

Description

Brief Summary of the Invention and Objectives -My invention relates to a means for processing miniature capacitors or the like useful in applying a conductive coating to the ends thereof, and more specifically to a plate to support a multiplicity of miniature electronic parts such as capacitors, resistors or the like, used in coating ends of the parts, com-prising: a) a substantially rigid plate-like body having a multiplicity of juxtaposed parallel bores therethrough, and b) resilient material coating the bores and defining passageways having resilient walls of substantially uniform cross section from end to end of the passageways and substantially from face to face of the body, each passageway having at least one cross-sectional dimension shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part and the resilient walls of the passageways being capable of continuously resiliently gripping such parts in all positions in the passageways whether protruding from either end of the passageways or whether completely contained within the passage-ways.

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A preliminary examination search was made on the invention which resulted in location of the following United States patents by the searcher:
4,131,982 3,785,035 3,~96,654 4,089,105 3,710,~79 3,851,~23 3,963,456 3,727,234 3,896,451 I was not familiar with the specific devices shown in these patents. I believe the patents do not show the invention claimed herein.
In processing such miniature components, the following features are desirable to be achieved, among others:
(a) To process parts economically in terms of time and cost, i.e., to process parts in batches of hundreds in each operation.
(b) To produce as few defective parts as is feasible and to readily detect defects.
(c) To utilize relatively economical~ low maintenance, easily operated, long life equipment.
It is an object of my invention to provide a method and means to process such components having the above features. Time saving is a primary advantage of my method and equipment.
My invention will be best understood, together with additional objectives and advantages thereof, from the following description, read with reference to the drawings, in which:

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The Drawings Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a specific embodiment of some of the equipment used in my invention~
Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, on S enlarged scale, showing partly the same equipment as Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a partial vertical sectional view.
Figure 4 is a perspective view. Certain s~ructure is broken away to reveal structure otherwise hidden.

Figure 5 is a partial vertical sectional view.
Figure 6 is a view like Figure 5 but with some parts in different positions.

Figure 7, located on the same sheet as Figure 3, is an enlarged, fragmentary plan view.

Figure 8 is an elevational schematical representation of some processing equipment.
Figure 9 is an enlarged perspective view of an electronic component with a coating on one end.
Figure 10 is a view like Figures 5 and 6 with some parts in different positions.

Figure 11 i5 a fragmentary vertical section showing an inverted part handling plate.

Figure 12 is a view like Figures 5, 6 and 10 but with some parts in different positions.

Figure 13 is a partial sectional view of parts being unloaded from a part unloading plate.
Figure 14 is like Figure 9 but showing a coating on both ends of the electronic components.

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Figure 15 is like Figure 7 only showing rectangular con-figurations of parts and passageways.
Figure 16 is a fragmentary perspective ~iew, partly in30 section, further showing the rectangular configuration of Figure 15.

- 3a --",. ,,i, i 4_ Figure 17 ls like Figure 15 only showing toothed passageway sidewalls.
Detailed Description The purpose of the processing and equipment is to conduct certain operations on parts, especially to apply to the ends of a miniature electronic component 16, in sequence, coatings 34, 36. Figure 9 shows the part with coating 34 and Figure 14 shows the addition of coating 36.
Part 16 could be a chip capacitor or a resistor for example. In size, an example would be around 1/16 x 1/16"
in cross-section and 3/32 to 5/32" long but the part could be larger or smaller than that. The construction of such a miniature capacitor or resistor will be understood by those skilled in the art. A capacitor, for example, has a sizable number of conductive layers separated by non-conductive layers. Conductive layers are in.terfingered as to electrical connection of layers to opposite ends of part 16. In any case, such miniature part 16 needs to have conductive coat-ings applied to opposite ends and my invention concerns that operation.
The drawings show sequence of operations. Figure 1 includes, from top to bottom, a par-t handling plate 10, a part loading plate 12, and a part feeding body 14. Figure

2 adds schematically the functions of vibration, vacuum and spring mount to the Figure 1 parts to load parts in plate 12. Figure 3 shows part loading plate 12 and part handling plate 10 with electronic components 16 in place in plate 12.
Figure 4 shows part punching means 18 used (a) to transfer parts 16 from part loading plate 12 to part handling plate lO, (b) used to transfer parts l6 from one side of part handling plate 10, and used to unload parts 16 from part handling plate lO, Figure 5 shows a step in the sequence of operations in-volving part pushing means 18. A bank of pushers 24 isshown in the upper part of the view, and plates 10, 12, a part unloading plate 20, and part pushing base 22 are shown in the lower part of the view. Figure 6 is like Figure 5 but with the pushers 24 of part pushing means 18 in the process of pushing parts 16 out of part loading plate 12 and into part handing plate 10. The ends of parts 16 are exposed above the upper face of plate 10.
The method of handling parts 16 shown involves resiliently gripping parts in the part receiving passageways 26 in part handling plate lO. Figure 7 illustrates resilient gripping of parts. Parts 16 usually are right-rectangular (square or rectangular in cross-section) whereas passageways 26 are round and normally have a diam~ter less than the maximum cross-sectional dimension of parts 16. The walls of passage-ways 26 are resiliently coated to accommodate and grip parts16.
Figure 8 shows equipment for processing a part handling plate 10 having the ends of electronic components 16 exposed above its upper face. The equipment includes conveying means 28, part coating equipment 30, and part heating equipment 3Z, used to coat ends of parts 16 and to bake such coatings.
Figure 9 shows coating 34 applied to a first end of a part 16.

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~6--Figure 10 is like Figure 6 but with part handling plate 10 inverted, after applying coating 34 and returning plate 10 to part pushing press 18. Parts 16 are being moved by pushers 24 into position exposing their second ends beyond the second face of plate 10, so that the second ends can be coated. Figure 11 shows plate 10 inverted from its Figure 10 position with the second ends of the parts 16 exposed, ready to run through the Figure 8 coating equipment.
Figure 12 shows part pushing press 18 in the process of unloading parts from plate 10 into part unloading plate 20. Figure 13 shows parts 16 being dumped out of plate 20.
Figure 14 shows part 16 with a coating 36 on its second end in addition to coating 34 on its first end.
In the class of miniature electronic components needing conductive coatings to be applied to their ends, probably about 95% of those produced by component manufacturers are 0.050" to 0.200" in length (a little more than 3/64" to a little more than 3/16 '). Although some longer parts are produced, at present only that range of lengths are processed on the equipment disclosed herein. Plates 10 presently produced are about 0.350" (3/8" is 0.375"). it is preferred that the length of each passageway will be at least 150% of the maximum length of parts to be handled therein. Reasons to fabricate plates 10 of at least about that thickness in-- clude (a~ to provide sufficient strength, including suffi-cient strength of the central web 44 and (b) to be able to accommodate most lengths of parts 16. Parts 16 are con-tinuously gripped by resilient walls in passageways 26 in plate 10 as they are moved to a first position exposing one -7-' end of parts 16 for coating and to a second position exposing the opposite end of parts 16 for coating and as they are unloaded. I'he resilient coating of the walls of passageways 26 extends from face to face of plate 10.
The foregoing description describes some of the principal operations and equipment involved in my invention.
I will now review them in more detail.
A basic part of my processing system is part handling plate 10. It has a multiplicity of part receiving passage-ways 26 having walls coated with resilient material. I will now describe my preferred structure of plate 10. It is formed of metal with a recess 40 in each face extending throughou-t the major portions of the face to the marginal areas 42. This leaves a central web 44 of metal which has a multiplicity of bores 460 A resilient plastic material 48 is used to fill recesses 40 and bores 46 except for leaving part receiving passageways 26. Material 48 provides resilient walls for passageways 26, to receive and grip parts in the manner particularly illustrated in Figure 7.
The material 48 can be selected from various applicable plastics or rubbers. An example is a pliable silicone rubber. Those skilled in the art will understand the selection of applicable materials and methods, tooling, etc., to form plate 10. In the claims when material 48 is described as "resilient plastic" that term is defined to include plastics or natural or artificial rubbers which are suitable for the usage. The purpose of having recesses 40 (rather than merely to coat bores 46~ is to better hold the plastic material 46 in place.

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Parts 16 usually will be square or rectangular in cross-section. Even if the parts 16 were circular in cross-section, the action of the walls of passageways 26 in gripping parts 16 would be similar. If the circular diameter of each passageway 26 is rectangular in cross-section a dimension of passageway 26 such as its width should be less than the corresponding minimum dimension of part 16 such as the width of a rectangular part in order to continuously resiliently grip part 16 in all positions in passageway 26 whether part 16 protrudes from an end passageway 26 or whether part 16 is centered or otherwise completely con-tained in passageway 26.

The basic method of handling parts 16 in passageways 26 consists of (a) inserting the parts into the passageways, (b) moving the parts so first ends are exposed beyond the face of plate 10, i.e., Figures 6 and 8, and (c) moving parts 16 so the second ends are exposed beyond the second face of plate 10, i.e., Figures 10 and 11. The exposed ends of parts 16 are coated by the equipment shown in Figure 8 after steps (b) and (c) above.

I will now deal with the insertion of parts 16 into passageways 26 of part handling plate 10. The part loading plate 12 and the part feeding body 14 and the use of vibra-tion and vacuum to insert parts 16 in the holes 50 of plate :~.Z5:~5~
--g 12 follow practices used before in the prior art. Somewhatsimilar equipment and processes are utilized in some of the patents identified in the earlier part of this specification.
Part receiving body 14 has a hopper cavity 52 which receives the electronic components 16 in bulk. An open face 54 of cavity 52 is covered by part loading plate 12 and part handling plate 10 that are oriented by alignment pins 56 on body 14 which extend through alignment openings 58, 60 in plates 12, 10 respectively. Components 16 are loaded in cavity in the manner demonstrated in Figure 1. Then the assembly is lnverted as shown in Figure 2. As the applica-tion of vibration and vacuum 62 to a vibrator base 63 and the use of suitable spring mounts 64 for base 63 are old and familiar expedients in the art to load parts in a plate like part loading plate 12, I will only observe that vacuum is applied to the lower ends of passageways 26 to help fill holes 50 in plate 12 with parts 16 as the assembly is being vibrated.
Following common practices, holes 50 are slightly larger than parts 16 but not so large that they will fit in any way but with their longitudinal axis vertical, so that they will be presented in end-forward directions to passageways 26. The upper ends 66 of holes 50 are flared to more readily receive parts 16. Holes 50 could be circular or rectangular in cross-section as the only orientation required of parts 16 is that they be presented in an end-forward direction. The action of filling holes will be slightly faster if holes 50 are circular in cross-section. To give an example, in one sized load plate 12, 2145 holes 50 were 100% filled with parts 16 in 8-10 seconds. In a larger size, there were 4233 holes 50.

~Z~ '7 Part pushing means 18 is a form of press and includes a base 22 having upstanding alignment pins 70 that fit into alignment openings 72 in part unloading plate 20, into align-ment openlngs 60 in part handling plate 10 and into align-ment openings 58 in part loading plate 12 to hold the platesin proper alignment.
The upper parts of press 18 include an upper plate 74, a rack 76 upstanding from plate 74, a pinion 78 engaged with rack 76, and a pivotally mounted handle 80 secured to a common shaft 82 with pinion 78 and rotating pinion 78 when handle 80 is manually pivoted to force upper plate 74 up and down. The bearing for shaft 82 is supported by an arm 84 upstanding from base 22.
Suitably mounted on upper press plate 7~ in depending position is a bank of pin pushers 24 ma-ting with openings 50 in part loading plate 12, mating with passageways 26 in part handling plate 10, and mating with a multiplicity of recesses 86 in part unloading plate 20. As handle 80 is operated, parts 16 are forced from positions in holes 50 of plate 12 into passageways 26 in plate 10. The first position of parts 16 in passageways 26 is shown in the sequence of Figures 5-6 to leave the upper ends of parts 16 in a plane above the upper face of plate 10 so that they can be coated. Stop 90 pivotally mounted on stripper plate 92 can be positioned upright to stop upper plate 74 when pins 24 have sc oriented the ends of parts 16 in the Figure 6 position.

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The second position of parts 16 in passageways 26 is shown in Figure 10 with the second ends of parts 16 disposed in a plane below the lower face of plate 10 in posi-tion to be coated. A second stop 94 pivotally mounted on stripper plate 92 can be positioned in upright position to stop upper press plate 74 when the Figure 10 position of the ends of parts 16 is reached. Two Figure 10 type operations can be substituted for a Figure 6 and a Figure 10 type operation, i.e., if a Figure 10 operation is conducted and then the plate 10 is inverted and the operation repeated, both ends of parts will have been disposed in position to be coated.
An assortment of shims can be substituted for the pivoted stops 90, 94. Such shims would be interposed between stripper plate 92 and upper press plate 74.
Stripper plate 92 is supported on upper press plate 74 by rods 100 slidably mounted in openings 102 in plate 74 and secured to stripper plate 92. The enlarg~d ends 104 of rods 100 act as abutments limiting downward movement of stripper plate 92 relative to upper press plate 74 to a position preferably covering the lower ends of pins 24, as in Figure 5. Plate 92 has openings 106 mating with pins 24. Compression springs 108 on rods 100 between upper press plate 74 and stripper plate 92 normally urge stripper plate 92 to the Figure 5 lower position covering pins 24. The purposes of stripper plate 92 include (a) to normally cover and protect pin pushers 24 during insertion and removal of plates 10, 12, 20, and (b) to strip part handling plate 10 :~l,2(~5~

from the bank of pins 24 when the press 18 is opening, as otherwise the resllient walls of passageways 26 may grip pins 24 and plate 10 may therefore tend to raise with upper press plate 74.
Part handling plate 10 is removed from press 18 after the Figure 5-6 sequence to apply coating 34 to the first end of electronic components 16, and after the Figure 10 operation to apply coating 36 to the second ends of com-ponents 16 exposed as illustrated in Figure 11. The equipment shown in Figure 8 demonstrates state-of-the-art coating equipment 30 and ovens 32, so I have shown the equipment schematically.
Plate 10 is shown schematically to be mounted on a traveling platform 109 having upstanding pins 110 fitting in alignment holes 60 in plate 10 to secure it in position.
The conveying means 112 (implicitly a screw mechanism) actually would not be common to both coating station 30 and oven 32, i.e., the ends of parts 16 first would be coated and then the plate 10 would be placed on a conveyor of an oven.
As indicated, the coating mechanism 30 is of a common type having a metal roller 120, usually having a doctor blade (not shown) controlling the amount of coating passing onto roller 120 and then onto the ends of parts 16, and having a reservoir function 122 in supplying the coating material to the roller/doctor blade mechanism.

~;2~i5q~7 I will not further describe -the coating and baking functions in applying conductive metalized coatings 34, 36 to the ends of capacitors or resistors 16. The type of coating will follow state-of-the-art materials such as a fine milled silver compound in a resin base cured by heat-ing in an oven.
My process of orienting the parts for processing by the equipment represented in Figure 8 represents high efficiency in time consumed. Using the equipment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the example of time given before is inserting about 2000 or about 4000 parts 16 in openings 50 in part loading plate 12 in about eight to ten seconds.
In the process of the Figures 5-6 operation getting ready to coat the parts with the Figure 8 equipment, an example is about ten seconds. To orient parts 16 in press 18 the second time (Figure 10), again would involve around ten seconds.
Silvering the first or second ends of parts 16 can be accomplished in about ten seconds. Curing the coating in an oven may vary between about two and a half minutes and five minutes, depending on the type of silver or other compound used to coat the ends of part 16. After coating and firing, inspection can be accomplished merely by glancing at plate 10, as any uncoated ends of parts 16 would be quite evident. However, it i5 rare to have an uncoated part 16.

i5~7 Unloading parts 16 from passageways 26 of plate 10 into recesses 86 in unloading plate 30, as demonstrated in Figure 12, is another ten second type operation. Figure 13 indicates unloading of plate 20.
Therefore plate 10 supports a number of miniature el~c-tronic parts 16 in a multiplicity of passageways 26 extending from face to face of body 10. Each passageway 26 has resilient walls and each has a dimension smaller than the corresponding dimension of each part 16 so that when the parts 16 are forced into passageways 26 they are resilient gripped.
Passageways 26 are shown in Figure 7 to be circular in cross-section but may have other cross-sections as long as each passageway 26 has a dimension smaller than a corresponding dimension of an associated part 16 so that the part 16 is resiliently gripped, as indicated in Figures 15, 16 and 17.
Figure 15 is like Figure 7 but, along with Figure 16, indicates bores 46 of rectangular cross-sections, passageways 26 of rectangular cross-sections and parts 16 of rectangular cross-sections, in which the minor cross-section "Y" of the passage-way is somewhat less than the minimum cross-section "X" of the parts 16 (according to the tolerances of parts 16) so that each part 16 is gripped at least across its minor axis by the associated passageway 26. My copending patent application SN 411,842, filed 21/9/82, entitled "Means and Method for Processing Miniature Electronic Components", shows passageways and parts of rectangular cross-sections.

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Figure 17 shows modified rectangular passageway cross-sections which are like those in Figures 15 and 16 except the minimum distances across the minor axes of the passageways 26 are defined by the distances between bosses or teeth 140 protruding beyond the normal sidewalls 142 of passageways 26. The parts 16 are gripped by one or more pairs of teeth 140 extending from the sides of passageways 26. In the con-figuration shown, two pairs of bosses-are shownO In another configuration used, one pair was used, etc. The idea of the toothed or notched construction is to minimize the amount of resilient material in the walls of passageways 26 that must be displaced to force the parts into the gripping passageways. This can be a particularly desirable con-struction when the difference in cross-sectional widths of lS a part is relati~ely great according to the minimum and maximum tolerances of the part so that if the sides of passageway 26 are to grip a part 16 of minimum width, then a lot of resilient wall material must be displaced for a part 16 of maximum width. Obviously, the amount of wall material to be displaced is smaller with a toothed wall.
Note also in these rectangular constructions of Figures 15, 16, and 17 that the cross-sectional lengths of passage-ways 26 can be greater than the cross-sectional lengths of parts 16, so that there is room to turn a part 16 in a passageway 26 if needed. Mypatent application SN 411,842 describes turning of parts 16 in passageways 26. The widths of passageways may be somewhat narrower than depicted .~f ~

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in Figures 15-17 but the widths have been exaggerated for clarity of illustration.
Having thus described my invention, I do not want to be understood as limiting myself to the exact details described. Instead, I wish to cover those modifications of my invention that will occur to those skilled in the art upon learning of my invention and which properly fall within the scope of my invention.

Claims

THE EMBOIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1.
A plate to support a multiplicity of miniature electronic parts such as capacitors 9 resistors or the like, used in coating ends of the parts, comprising:
a) a substantially rigid plate-like body having a multiplicity of Juxtaposed parallel bores therethrough, and b) resilient material coating said bores and defining passageways having resilient walls of substantially uniform cross section from end to end of said passageways and substantially from face to face of said body, each passageway having at least one cross-sectional dimension shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part and said resilient walls of said passageways being capable of continuously resiliently gripping such parts in all positions in said passageways whether protruding from either end of said passageways or whether completely contained within said passageways.
2.
The subject matter of claim 1 wherein said plate-like body has a planar recess in each face extending throughout all but marginal areas thereof and said plate-like body has a multiplicity of juxtaposed bores extending therethrough in the areas of said recesses, resilient material fills said recesses and said bores except for forming said passageways which are centered in said bores, said body being formed of rigid material except for said resilient material filling said bores and recesses.
3.
The subject matter of claim 1 wherein said passageways are adapted to accept parts of square cross-sections and have circular cross-sections so that the cross-sectional dimension of each passageway shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part is the diameter of the circular passageway cross-section as compared with the distances between opposite corners of a square part cross-section.
4.

The subject matter of claim 1 wherein said passageways have cross-sections in the forms of elongated rectangles, the cross-sectional dimension of each passageway shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part being across the width of elongated rectangular part cross-sections, each passageway in cross-section to be longer than the length of the elongated rectangular part cross-sections so room is provided to turn parts in said passageways.
5.
The subject matter of claim 1 wherein said passageways have cross-sections in the forms of elongated rectangles, the cross-sectional dimension of each passageway shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part being across the width of elongated rectangular part cross-sections, the long sides of the elongated passageway cross-sections having at least one pair of opposed bosses extending inwardly from the straight parallel sidewalls, the distance between the ends of the bosses defining the cross-sectional dimension of each passageway shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part whereby a part made to maximum tolerances will not displace as much resilient material as would be the case if bosses were not used to define the minimum passageway widths.
6.
A plate to support a multiplicity of miniature electronic parts such as capacitors, resistors or the like, used in coating ends of the parts, comprising:
a) a plate-like body having a multiplicity of juxtaposed parallel passageways extending from face to face of said body, said plate like body having a planar recess in each face extending throughout all but marginal areas thereof and said plate-like body also having a multiplicity of juxtaposed bores extending therethrough in the areas of said recesses, resilient material filling said recesses and said bores except for forming said passageways which are centered in said bores, said body being formed of rigid material except for said resilient material filling said bores and recesses, b) said passageways having resilient walls of substantially uniform cross section from end to end of said passageways and substantially from face to face of said body, each passageway to have at least one cross-sectional dimension shorter than the corresponding cross-sectional dimension of each part and said resilient walls of said passageways being adapted to continuously resiliently grip such parts in all positions in said passageways whether protruding from either end of said passageways or whether completely contained within said passageways.