CA1206079A - Oil and lubricant degradation detector - Google Patents
Oil and lubricant degradation detectorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1206079A CA1206079A CA000431679A CA431679A CA1206079A CA 1206079 A CA1206079 A CA 1206079A CA 000431679 A CA000431679 A CA 000431679A CA 431679 A CA431679 A CA 431679A CA 1206079 A CA1206079 A CA 1206079A
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- lubricant
- oil
- component
- detector
- degradation
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Disclosed is a detector for indicating visually or by providing a warning signal as to the amount of chemical degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant containing negatively charged sulfur ions that has been exposed to elevated temperature. In its visual form detector (20, 20A) has .
a portion (1, 1A) made from material able to provide positively charged copper ions when emersed in the oil or lubricant and has sufficient mass to support a coating (9, 9A) that is a reaction product of the positively charged copper ions and the negatively charged sulfur ions. The detector in the form of detector (20B), 20C) is also able to provide a warning signal (17) by opening an electrical circuit (19) as a result of having a portion (1B, 1C) made from a positively charged copper ion producing material of sufficient mass that enables the material to be eroded by sulfur containing acids sufficiently to open the electrical circuit.
Disclosed is a detector for indicating visually or by providing a warning signal as to the amount of chemical degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant containing negatively charged sulfur ions that has been exposed to elevated temperature. In its visual form detector (20, 20A) has .
a portion (1, 1A) made from material able to provide positively charged copper ions when emersed in the oil or lubricant and has sufficient mass to support a coating (9, 9A) that is a reaction product of the positively charged copper ions and the negatively charged sulfur ions. The detector in the form of detector (20B), 20C) is also able to provide a warning signal (17) by opening an electrical circuit (19) as a result of having a portion (1B, 1C) made from a positively charged copper ion producing material of sufficient mass that enables the material to be eroded by sulfur containing acids sufficiently to open the electrical circuit.
Description
6~
OIL ~ND LUBRICANT_DEGRADATION DETECTOR
_NTRODUCTION
This invention is related to a means for detecting chemical degradation suffered by a pressurized 5 or unpressurized oil or lubricant subjected to elevated temperature and more particularly to a means of utilizing negatively charged sulfur ions produced as a result of chemical degradation of a pressurized or unpressurized sulfur containing oil or lubricant 10 subjected to elevated temperature to provide either a corrosion product with positively charged copper ions in the form of a coating that is able to provide information with respect to the amount sf degradation suffered by the vil ~r lubricant or combine with 15 available hydrogen in one form or another to form sulfur containing acids that are able to erode away a component producing the copper ions sufficiently to provide an alarm signal when a predetermined amount of chemical degradation has been reached.
.. .. _. _ The occurrence and build-up of foreign particles and the degradation of oils or lubricants, particularly when subjected to elevated temperature has been a problem ~or many years. Of particular concern is 25 the amount of chemical degradation suffered by an oil or lubricant contained within a housing, such as a gear housing, after having been subjected to elevated temperature and pressure over long periods of time such as, for example, arising from friction and compression 30 associated with closely mating moving surfaces such as between mating gear teeth.
Up until the time of the present invention, attent;on has been focused upon the problem by utilizing the magnetic or e~ectrical conducting properties of ~.
AI~L2~
forei~n particles to effect their isolatiorl or removal or to provide an indication of their presence in the oil or lubricant such as, for example, the magnetic filter disclosed in United States Patent 3,].70,871; the magnetic chip gauge disclosed in United States Patent 3,373,352; and the magnetic and non-magnetic chip detector disclosed in Vnited Sta~es Patent 3,432,750.
Although United States Patent 4,008,4~4 - -discloses a lubricant contamination warning device, the device is limited to detecting the presence of ferrous contamination as is the case with respect to the ferromagnetic detector disclosed in United States Patent 4,100,491~ Other examples which utilize the electrical conducting or electromagnetic characteristics of chips or particles as a means of detecting their presence in oils or lubricants include }he cletecting apparatus disclosed in United States Patent 4,030,028; the chip detection system disclosed in United States Patent 4,127,808 and ~he electromagnect:ic system disclosed .in United States Patent 4,219,815.
Although the above detecting, isolation and removal devices and systems may be used to advantage~
they are not able to detect che~i~al degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant subjected to elevated temperature which may or may not contain such electrically conducting and/or electromagnetic particles.
It is well known that many oil and lubricants contain sulfur in one form or another and that a particular oil or lubricant may contain a detergent that contains sulfur in one form or another. Lubricants, particularly lubricants derived from heavier crude oil distillates, are apt to contain sulfur in the Eorm of sulfuric acid and/or sulfuric acid esters. Detergents are commonly used in oils and lubrican~s for dislodging solid matter and, if of an anionic sulfur containing type, are apt to be present in the oil or lubricant in the form of: carboxylic acid salts such as alkyl-COONa;
or sulfuric acid ester salts such as sulfated fatty alcohols such as alkyl -0S02-ONa, sulfated monoglyceridesr sulfated olefins or sulfated amides; or in the form of sulonates such as alkyl-SO2ONa or paraffin -SO2ONa or napthene-SO2ONa; or other ~ulfur containing complexes~ Oils and lubricants designed to with5tand elevated temperature and/or pressure (commonly called extreme pressure lubricants) often contain ~ulfur in one form or another and are able to provide negatively charged ~ulfur ions as a result of degradation arising from exposure to elevated temperature. Oils and lubricants containing sulfur are often referred to as "sulfur reactive" and, as hereinafter used, the term "sulfur reactive" shall mean that ~he oil or lubricant contains sulfur in one form or another that is able to be converted into or otherwise released in the form of negatively charged sulfur ions as a result of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant arising from its exposure to elevated temperature conditions. Although oils and lubricants often contain antioxidants to re~ard degradation arising from elevated temperatures, such antioxidants are eventually consumed and sooner or later are no longer able to prevent the production oE negatively charged sulfur ions in the sulfur reaction oils or lubricants.
It has been discovered that the production of negatively charged sulfur ions in pressurized or unpressurized sulfur containing oil or lubricants degraded by exposure to elevated temperature can be used to advantage to form a corrosion product in the form of a coating the thickness of which is indicative of the amount of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant in addition to combining with hydrogen in one form or another to form corrosive acids whose corrosive nature can be used to advantage in determining when the degradation of the oi'l or lubricant has reached a predetermined level.
~tatement of Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a means of detecting the amount of degradation suffered by a pressuri~ed or unpres~urized sulfur reactive oil or lubricant subjected to elevate temperature by utili~ing negatively charged sulfur ions provided as a result of the degradation of the oil or lubricant, Accordi.ng to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a detector for indica-ting the amount of degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant which provides negatively charged sulfur ions in response to degradation arisi.ng from exposure of the oil or lubricant to elevated temperature conditions, The detector has componen~ means adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the per:iod the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated tempera-ture conditions, the component means having at least a portion thereof made of a material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the elevated ~.emperature condition.s to which the lubricant is ~ubjected and having a mass sufficient ~o enable the electrical a~traction between the sulfur and copper ions to provide a corrosi.on procluct in the form of a coating that coats the component sufficiently to provide a visual indication of the amount of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant.
According to another aspect of the invention there i9 provided an apparatus for providing an electrical warning signal that the amount of chemical degradation sufered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant that provides negatively charged sulfur ions in response to degradation arising from exposure of the oil or lubricant lo to elevated temperature conditions has exceeded a predetermined amount. The apparatus include component means which is adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the period the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated temperature conditions, voltage means, warning signal means~ and normally closed electrical circuit means electrically connecting the component means~ voltage means and warning signal means. The warning signal is provided, as a result of the component means having at least a portion thereof made from an electrlcally 2Q conductive material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the temperature conditions to which the oil or lubricant is subjected. The component portion has a mass that enables the component portion to be eroded awsy by sulfur containing acids arising Erom the degradation of the oil or lubricant sufficiently to open ~he alectrical clrcuit and enable the warning ~ignal to be energized by the voltage means when the oil or lubricant degradation has reached a predetermined amount.
- ~a -BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
.
FIGURE 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view along the axis of a removably secured embodiment of the detector of the invention;
FIGURE 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view along the axis of a fixedly secured embodiment of the detector of the invention; and FIGURES 3 and 4 show a partial cross-sectional view along the axis of embodiments of the detector of 10 ~he invention and a schematic of a typica~ electrical circuit that is designed to provide a warning signal when a predetermined amount of degradation has been suffered by the oil or lubricant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIGURE 1 shows an embodiment of the detector of the invention in the form of detector 20 that is able to provide a visual indication of the amount of degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant containing sulfur that is subjected to 20 elevated temperature and able to produce negatively charged sulfur ions as a result of such degradation.
Detector 20 has an annu]ar shaped body member 2 having external threads 7 for removably securing detector 2Q to wall 6 of a housing, such as a gear or
OIL ~ND LUBRICANT_DEGRADATION DETECTOR
_NTRODUCTION
This invention is related to a means for detecting chemical degradation suffered by a pressurized 5 or unpressurized oil or lubricant subjected to elevated temperature and more particularly to a means of utilizing negatively charged sulfur ions produced as a result of chemical degradation of a pressurized or unpressurized sulfur containing oil or lubricant 10 subjected to elevated temperature to provide either a corrosion product with positively charged copper ions in the form of a coating that is able to provide information with respect to the amount sf degradation suffered by the vil ~r lubricant or combine with 15 available hydrogen in one form or another to form sulfur containing acids that are able to erode away a component producing the copper ions sufficiently to provide an alarm signal when a predetermined amount of chemical degradation has been reached.
.. .. _. _ The occurrence and build-up of foreign particles and the degradation of oils or lubricants, particularly when subjected to elevated temperature has been a problem ~or many years. Of particular concern is 25 the amount of chemical degradation suffered by an oil or lubricant contained within a housing, such as a gear housing, after having been subjected to elevated temperature and pressure over long periods of time such as, for example, arising from friction and compression 30 associated with closely mating moving surfaces such as between mating gear teeth.
Up until the time of the present invention, attent;on has been focused upon the problem by utilizing the magnetic or e~ectrical conducting properties of ~.
AI~L2~
forei~n particles to effect their isolatiorl or removal or to provide an indication of their presence in the oil or lubricant such as, for example, the magnetic filter disclosed in United States Patent 3,].70,871; the magnetic chip gauge disclosed in United States Patent 3,373,352; and the magnetic and non-magnetic chip detector disclosed in Vnited Sta~es Patent 3,432,750.
Although United States Patent 4,008,4~4 - -discloses a lubricant contamination warning device, the device is limited to detecting the presence of ferrous contamination as is the case with respect to the ferromagnetic detector disclosed in United States Patent 4,100,491~ Other examples which utilize the electrical conducting or electromagnetic characteristics of chips or particles as a means of detecting their presence in oils or lubricants include }he cletecting apparatus disclosed in United States Patent 4,030,028; the chip detection system disclosed in United States Patent 4,127,808 and ~he electromagnect:ic system disclosed .in United States Patent 4,219,815.
Although the above detecting, isolation and removal devices and systems may be used to advantage~
they are not able to detect che~i~al degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant subjected to elevated temperature which may or may not contain such electrically conducting and/or electromagnetic particles.
It is well known that many oil and lubricants contain sulfur in one form or another and that a particular oil or lubricant may contain a detergent that contains sulfur in one form or another. Lubricants, particularly lubricants derived from heavier crude oil distillates, are apt to contain sulfur in the Eorm of sulfuric acid and/or sulfuric acid esters. Detergents are commonly used in oils and lubrican~s for dislodging solid matter and, if of an anionic sulfur containing type, are apt to be present in the oil or lubricant in the form of: carboxylic acid salts such as alkyl-COONa;
or sulfuric acid ester salts such as sulfated fatty alcohols such as alkyl -0S02-ONa, sulfated monoglyceridesr sulfated olefins or sulfated amides; or in the form of sulonates such as alkyl-SO2ONa or paraffin -SO2ONa or napthene-SO2ONa; or other ~ulfur containing complexes~ Oils and lubricants designed to with5tand elevated temperature and/or pressure (commonly called extreme pressure lubricants) often contain ~ulfur in one form or another and are able to provide negatively charged ~ulfur ions as a result of degradation arising from exposure to elevated temperature. Oils and lubricants containing sulfur are often referred to as "sulfur reactive" and, as hereinafter used, the term "sulfur reactive" shall mean that ~he oil or lubricant contains sulfur in one form or another that is able to be converted into or otherwise released in the form of negatively charged sulfur ions as a result of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant arising from its exposure to elevated temperature conditions. Although oils and lubricants often contain antioxidants to re~ard degradation arising from elevated temperatures, such antioxidants are eventually consumed and sooner or later are no longer able to prevent the production oE negatively charged sulfur ions in the sulfur reaction oils or lubricants.
It has been discovered that the production of negatively charged sulfur ions in pressurized or unpressurized sulfur containing oil or lubricants degraded by exposure to elevated temperature can be used to advantage to form a corrosion product in the form of a coating the thickness of which is indicative of the amount of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant in addition to combining with hydrogen in one form or another to form corrosive acids whose corrosive nature can be used to advantage in determining when the degradation of the oi'l or lubricant has reached a predetermined level.
~tatement of Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a means of detecting the amount of degradation suffered by a pressuri~ed or unpres~urized sulfur reactive oil or lubricant subjected to elevate temperature by utili~ing negatively charged sulfur ions provided as a result of the degradation of the oil or lubricant, Accordi.ng to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a detector for indica-ting the amount of degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant which provides negatively charged sulfur ions in response to degradation arisi.ng from exposure of the oil or lubricant to elevated temperature conditions, The detector has componen~ means adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the per:iod the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated tempera-ture conditions, the component means having at least a portion thereof made of a material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the elevated ~.emperature condition.s to which the lubricant is ~ubjected and having a mass sufficient ~o enable the electrical a~traction between the sulfur and copper ions to provide a corrosi.on procluct in the form of a coating that coats the component sufficiently to provide a visual indication of the amount of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant.
According to another aspect of the invention there i9 provided an apparatus for providing an electrical warning signal that the amount of chemical degradation sufered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant that provides negatively charged sulfur ions in response to degradation arising from exposure of the oil or lubricant lo to elevated temperature conditions has exceeded a predetermined amount. The apparatus include component means which is adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the period the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated temperature conditions, voltage means, warning signal means~ and normally closed electrical circuit means electrically connecting the component means~ voltage means and warning signal means. The warning signal is provided, as a result of the component means having at least a portion thereof made from an electrlcally 2Q conductive material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the temperature conditions to which the oil or lubricant is subjected. The component portion has a mass that enables the component portion to be eroded awsy by sulfur containing acids arising Erom the degradation of the oil or lubricant sufficiently to open ~he alectrical clrcuit and enable the warning ~ignal to be energized by the voltage means when the oil or lubricant degradation has reached a predetermined amount.
- ~a -BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
.
FIGURE 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view along the axis of a removably secured embodiment of the detector of the invention;
FIGURE 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view along the axis of a fixedly secured embodiment of the detector of the invention; and FIGURES 3 and 4 show a partial cross-sectional view along the axis of embodiments of the detector of 10 ~he invention and a schematic of a typica~ electrical circuit that is designed to provide a warning signal when a predetermined amount of degradation has been suffered by the oil or lubricant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIGURE 1 shows an embodiment of the detector of the invention in the form of detector 20 that is able to provide a visual indication of the amount of degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant containing sulfur that is subjected to 20 elevated temperature and able to produce negatively charged sulfur ions as a result of such degradation.
Detector 20 has an annu]ar shaped body member 2 having external threads 7 for removably securing detector 2Q to wall 6 of a housing, such as a gear or
2~ axle housing~ enclosing cavity 8 in which is contained the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant. Cavity 8 may, for example, be an unpressurized 5ump where oil or lubricant is collected that has been subjected to elevated temperature and pressure at some other location in the 30 system. A flange 4 is disposed between body member 2 and nut 3 at one end of detector 20 and a component 1 extends Erom the opposite end of body member 2 through an opening, not referenced, in wall 6 into cavity 8.
Detector 20 is preferably positioned on wall 6 so -that 7~
component 1 is immersed in the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant contained in cavity 8. Flange 4 is able to compress seal 5 when nut 3 is tightened so as to prevent leakage of the oil or lubricant from cavity 8. Although 5 detector 20 is shown as being removably secured by threads 7 to wall 6, i~ is to be understood that such is for illustrative purposes only and that any method of removably securing detector 20 ~Q wall 6 that is able to prevent leakage of oil or lubricant from the ~avity - ~
10 containing the oil or lubricant as well as enable component 1 to be suitably immersed in the oil or lubricant is considered within the scope of the invention.
Although component 1 yreferably has a 15 cylindrical shape, component 1 may have any shape upon the surface of which a coatin~ is readily visually discernible. At least a portion of component 1 is made from a material having properties ~uitably able to withstand the temperature and pressure and corrosive 20 nature of the oil or lubricant in cavity ~ and is also able to provide positively charged copper ions as a result of the temperature and pressure to which the oil or lubricant in cavity 8 is subjected. For embodiments of the detector of the invention that are to be used for 25 visual indication~ of the amount of degradation to the oil or lubricant, component 1 is provided with sufficient mass such that it is not eroded away by corrosive sulfur containing acids but rather is able to resist erosion in favor of being a host for the coating 30 9 formed as a corrosion product of the positively charged copper ions and the negatively charged sulfur ions. Preferably, component 1 is made ~rom an alloy of copper such as bronze or brass. Probe 1 may be secured to body member 2 in any suitable manner. Body member 2, 35 flange 4 and nut 3 may be made from the same or a _ 7 _ ~2~6~7~
different material than component 1. De~ector 20 may, for example, be a one-piece construction made entirely from a suitable bronze or brass.
Coating 9 is a corrosion product between the 5 negatively charged sulfur ions provided as a result of the degradation of the pressurized or unpressurized sulfur reactive oil or lubricant in cavity 8 having been exposed to elevated temperature and the positively charged copper ions available from component 1.
lO Typically, coating 9 is in the form of cupric or cuprous sulphide or a mixture thereof. Although coating 9 is shown as a coating over only a portion of component 1, such i:s or illustrative purposes only and coating 9 may be disposed onto the outer surface of component 1 in any lS manner most commonly of which is when coating 9 is substantially uniformly disposed over the entire surface of component 1 exposed to the degraded oil or lubricant in cavity 8. It has been found that for masses of componen~ 1 suitable to resist erosion in favor of 20 enabling a buil~-up of coating 9, that the total combined weight of componen~ 1 and coating 9 is greater than the weight of component 1 alone. It has also been found that the amount of build-up of coating 9 on component 1 is related to the amount of copper present 25 in the alloy as for example where a component 1 made from an alloy containing about 16% by weiyht of copper and a component 1 made from an alloy containing about 65% by weight of copper were bo~h irnmersed in unpressurized extreme pressure sulfur containing 30 lubricant for about 88 hours at 300F and upon examination revealed a coating 9 thickness of abvut .003 inch on the component 1 made from the 16% copper alloy and about .010 inch on the component 1 made from the 65%
copper alloy. A mass for component 1 found particularly 35 suitable for hosting build up of coating 9 in favor of ~2~6~
being eroded away by sulfur contair2ing acids is where component 1 is made from a solid copper alloy rod having a diameter of l/4 inch or greater~ Copper tubing may also be ~lsed to advantage in making component 1 such as,.
S for example, copper tubing having a l/4 inch outer ~ic~meter and a .032-.035 inch wallO It can be readily Ceen that detector 20 can be removed periodically from cavity 8 and examined visually for ~he presence of coating 9 the thickness cf which, as previously lO-~escribed, is indication of the amount of clegradation suffered by the oil or lubricant in cavity 8.
FIGURE 2 shows an embodiment of the detector of ~he invention in the form of detector 20A that is fi~edly secured to wall 6A of a housing enclosing cavi~y l~ BA which contains the sulfur reactive oil or lu~ricant.
Detector 20A has an annular shaped flange lO that, ~ependent upon the material from which flange lO is made s e;.ther welded or brazed (reference ll) to wall 6A.
~etector 2~A has a component lA made from a ma.erial 2~ able to provide positively charged c~pper ions and a ~ass favoling build up o~- coating 9A as previously ~escribed with respect to component l o~ FIGURE i. Tl~e suffixes "A", "B" and "C'i are used herein to refer to ~he corresponding components previously described hereln 25 with respect to detector 20 o~ FIGURE l for the sake of convenience. Detector 20A of FIGURE 2 may be fixedly secured to wall 6A in any suitable manner and may be removably secured as previously described with respect to FI~æ l. A willdow l~ is remova~ly secured to wall 6a suitably gasketed
Detector 20 is preferably positioned on wall 6 so -that 7~
component 1 is immersed in the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant contained in cavity 8. Flange 4 is able to compress seal 5 when nut 3 is tightened so as to prevent leakage of the oil or lubricant from cavity 8. Although 5 detector 20 is shown as being removably secured by threads 7 to wall 6, i~ is to be understood that such is for illustrative purposes only and that any method of removably securing detector 20 ~Q wall 6 that is able to prevent leakage of oil or lubricant from the ~avity - ~
10 containing the oil or lubricant as well as enable component 1 to be suitably immersed in the oil or lubricant is considered within the scope of the invention.
Although component 1 yreferably has a 15 cylindrical shape, component 1 may have any shape upon the surface of which a coatin~ is readily visually discernible. At least a portion of component 1 is made from a material having properties ~uitably able to withstand the temperature and pressure and corrosive 20 nature of the oil or lubricant in cavity ~ and is also able to provide positively charged copper ions as a result of the temperature and pressure to which the oil or lubricant in cavity 8 is subjected. For embodiments of the detector of the invention that are to be used for 25 visual indication~ of the amount of degradation to the oil or lubricant, component 1 is provided with sufficient mass such that it is not eroded away by corrosive sulfur containing acids but rather is able to resist erosion in favor of being a host for the coating 30 9 formed as a corrosion product of the positively charged copper ions and the negatively charged sulfur ions. Preferably, component 1 is made ~rom an alloy of copper such as bronze or brass. Probe 1 may be secured to body member 2 in any suitable manner. Body member 2, 35 flange 4 and nut 3 may be made from the same or a _ 7 _ ~2~6~7~
different material than component 1. De~ector 20 may, for example, be a one-piece construction made entirely from a suitable bronze or brass.
Coating 9 is a corrosion product between the 5 negatively charged sulfur ions provided as a result of the degradation of the pressurized or unpressurized sulfur reactive oil or lubricant in cavity 8 having been exposed to elevated temperature and the positively charged copper ions available from component 1.
lO Typically, coating 9 is in the form of cupric or cuprous sulphide or a mixture thereof. Although coating 9 is shown as a coating over only a portion of component 1, such i:s or illustrative purposes only and coating 9 may be disposed onto the outer surface of component 1 in any lS manner most commonly of which is when coating 9 is substantially uniformly disposed over the entire surface of component 1 exposed to the degraded oil or lubricant in cavity 8. It has been found that for masses of componen~ 1 suitable to resist erosion in favor of 20 enabling a buil~-up of coating 9, that the total combined weight of componen~ 1 and coating 9 is greater than the weight of component 1 alone. It has also been found that the amount of build-up of coating 9 on component 1 is related to the amount of copper present 25 in the alloy as for example where a component 1 made from an alloy containing about 16% by weiyht of copper and a component 1 made from an alloy containing about 65% by weight of copper were bo~h irnmersed in unpressurized extreme pressure sulfur containing 30 lubricant for about 88 hours at 300F and upon examination revealed a coating 9 thickness of abvut .003 inch on the component 1 made from the 16% copper alloy and about .010 inch on the component 1 made from the 65%
copper alloy. A mass for component 1 found particularly 35 suitable for hosting build up of coating 9 in favor of ~2~6~
being eroded away by sulfur contair2ing acids is where component 1 is made from a solid copper alloy rod having a diameter of l/4 inch or greater~ Copper tubing may also be ~lsed to advantage in making component 1 such as,.
S for example, copper tubing having a l/4 inch outer ~ic~meter and a .032-.035 inch wallO It can be readily Ceen that detector 20 can be removed periodically from cavity 8 and examined visually for ~he presence of coating 9 the thickness cf which, as previously lO-~escribed, is indication of the amount of clegradation suffered by the oil or lubricant in cavity 8.
FIGURE 2 shows an embodiment of the detector of ~he invention in the form of detector 20A that is fi~edly secured to wall 6A of a housing enclosing cavi~y l~ BA which contains the sulfur reactive oil or lu~ricant.
Detector 20A has an annular shaped flange lO that, ~ependent upon the material from which flange lO is made s e;.ther welded or brazed (reference ll) to wall 6A.
~etector 2~A has a component lA made from a ma.erial 2~ able to provide positively charged c~pper ions and a ~ass favoling build up o~- coating 9A as previously ~escribed with respect to component l o~ FIGURE i. Tl~e suffixes "A", "B" and "C'i are used herein to refer to ~he corresponding components previously described hereln 25 with respect to detector 20 o~ FIGURE l for the sake of convenience. Detector 20A of FIGURE 2 may be fixedly secured to wall 6A in any suitable manner and may be removably secured as previously described with respect to FI~æ l. A willdow l~ is remova~ly secured to wall 6a suitably gasketed
3~ ~s shown by reference 5A such-that component l can be viewed Wi~lLn cavity ~3'~
without having to remove component lA from cavity 8A.
~indow 12 is rnade of any suitable transparent material that is able to withstand the temperature and pressure to which the oil or lubricant in cavity 8A is subjecte~
- 35 and which retairls transparency suitable enough to perm;t P ~ ~3 --'''~"~, 6~7~
compone~t lA to be viewed periodically to ascertain whether any coating 9A, previously described with respect to coating 9 of FI~URE 1, is deposited on the outer surface thereof in order to determine whether the 5 oil or lubricant in cavity 8A has been degraded. In the event that cavity is a collecting res~rvoir such ~s a sump which is not under pressure, window 12 may not be required and an opening through wall 6A may be all that is required. Likewise, component lA may be fixedly 10 secured directly to wall 6A where such is des1red in preference to the use of flange 10.
FI~URE 3 shows apparatus in the f,~-m o~ ~n electrical circuit 19 in combination with an embodimen~
20B of the ~etector of the invention that h2s a 15 component lB having at least a portion there~f made ~rom a positively charged copper ion producing ma~erial that is able to be eroded away by the degradation products arising from the degradation of pressurized ~nd unpressurized sulfur containing oil or lu~ricant 20 subjected to elevated temperature~
Detector ~OB has a body member 2B that extends through an opening, not referenced, in wall 6B of a housing enclosing cavity 8B in which the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant to be m~nitored is contained. Body 25 member ~B has external threads 7B which threadingly secure detector 20B to wall 6B. Detector 20~ has a flange 4B and a nut 3B as shown in FIGURE 3. Nut ~B, as previously described for nut 3 of FIGURE 1, provides a means for turning detector 20B so that it can be 30 threadingly secured to wall 6Bo Tightening deteotor 20B
against wall 6B causes flange 4B to press seal 5~
against the outside of wall 6B to prevent leaka~e of the oil or lubricant from cavity 8s.
A pair of spaced-apart electrical condu~tors 35 extend through nut 3B, flange 4B and body member 2B into cavity 8H for a distance sufficient to insure that . .
~-, 't. ~ _ 9 ~ ;~U6~
component lB, which bridges across and provides an electrical interconnection between conductors 13, is immersed in the oil or lubricant con~ained within cavity 8B being monitored for chemical degradation.
Member 2B, flange 4B and nut 3B are made from an electrically conductive material such as metal and conductors 13 are electrically insulated from member 2B, flange 4B and nut 3B by an electrically insulative material 1~ such as a ceramic sleeve or other suitable 10 design and by electrically insulating gasket 14.
.Conductors 13 are threadingly engaged with insulation material 12 ih ~uch a manner -as to prevent the oil or lubricant from leaking ~ut of c2vity 8B.
C'omponent lB has at least a porti on thereof 15 made from an electrically conductive metallic material that is a~le 'co provide positively charged copper ions ~s a result of e~posure of the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant in cavity 8B to ele-~ated temperatures yet has a mass sufficiently small to insure that is will be eroded a~ay by s~lfur containing acids arising 25 degradation products of the oil or lubricant rather th-n having sufficient mass to support the build-up of a coating which is the corrosion product of positively ,char~ed copper ions and negatively charged sulfur ionC
25 as previ~usly ~escribed. Component lB is is preferabl--in the form of a s~lid or stranded copper conducto.r preferably of about ~0 to about 30 AWG~ Since a 30 A~
wire co~duct~r is substantially smaller in diameter, mass, than a 20 AW~ w;re conduc~or will erode away ir 30 less time than a 20 AWG wire conductor at a lower le~r~~
of the oil or lubricant chemical degradation. It hac been found ~or example, that 28 AWG copper wire will erode completely in half when îmmersed in an extreme pressure sulfur containing oil for 200 hours at lgOY.
Although component lB is preferably in the form of a wire, component lB may have any shape provided it has a portion thereof that is able to be eroded away surficiently to open an electrical circuit to which 5 detector 20~ is electrically connected. Generally, the depletion of anti-oxidants contained in extreme pressure oils or lubricants marks the beginning of the creation of negatively charged sulfur ions in the oil o~
lubricant.
Conductors 13 are made from an electrically conductive material that is resistant to corrosive attack from the oil or lubricant contained in cavity 8B
~nd to the elevated temperature to which the oil or lubricant are subjected. Preferablyr conductors 13 are 15 ~nade from a metallic material having high iron cont~nt.
A means 15 for connecting each conductor 13 to an electrical circuit is disposed Oll the end of each conductor 13 adjacent the side oE gasket 14 facing away from nut 3B. ,Although the means 15 ,for connecting 20 conductors 13 to an electrical circuit is shown in-FI~URE 3 as a screw head, any means 15 that will suitably electrically connect conductors 13 to an electrical circuit may be used.
FIGURE 3 also shows a typical electrical 25 circ~it 19 to which detector 20B may be electrically connected 'to provide an alarm signal when a --predeter~ined amount of degradatlon of the oil or lubricant in cavity 3B has been reached.
Circuit 19 has a resistor R2 in series with a 30 light emitting diode 17 which are both in parallel with a voltage source 18 such as providea by a battery o a motor vehicle for which the oil or lubricant is b,eing monitored. Conductors 13 are electrically connected in parallel to voltage source 18 by connecting means 15.
35 The resistance in ohms c,f resistor R2 is sufficiently f` .,1 .? ,~
greater than the resistance Rl in ohms of component lB
to preverlr diode 17 from being energized by voltage sollrce 18 su~Eiciently to emit light when componen~ lB
has not been ero~ed away su~ficiently to open circuit 5 1.9. ~esistor R2 also has a resistance in ohms low enough to enable diode 17 to be energized sufficiently tc emit an amount of light suitable to provide a visual indication to a viewer of diode 17 when component lB has been eroded away sufficiently to create an opening in 10 circuit 19~ Thus circuit-l9 is normaliy closed when: ~.
compvnent lB has not eroded away sufficiently to crea~e an open cixcuit l9, by being, eroded ~w~y is able to cause volta~e source 18 to energize d.iode 17 sufficiently to provide a visual 15 indication in the form of li~ht indicating that thP
chemical degradation of the sulfur reactive oi~ or lubricant to which component lB is exposed has reached a level predetermined by the particular mass selected for component 1~.
Although the warnin~ signal is shown in FIGURE
3 in the form of a light emitting diode 17, the warning signal may ~e an amp meter, or an audio device such as a siren or other signal device that when energîzed by ~
voltage source when component lB is eroded away is able 25 to provide a warning signal that the chemical degradation of the sulfur reactive oil or lubric~nt being monitored has reached a level predetermined by the particular mass selected for the.copper ion producing component.
Although only two conductors 13 are shown in FIGURE 3 as electrically connected by component lB~ any number may be used that are electr.ically interconnected in sllch a manner that their erosivn by sul~ur containing acids arising from the degradation of the sulfur 35 reactive oil or lubricant being monitored is able to . - 12. -i~
~2~ 7~
energize an alarm signal providing a warning that the chemical clegradation of the oil or lubricant has reached a predetermined level.
Although it is preferred to use a simple 5 series-parallel e]ectrical circuit involving only resistors such as circuit 19 in FIGURE 3 that is normally closed up until the point where component lB
erodes away sufficiently to open the circuit and energize an alarm signal,-any electxical circuit may be 10 used that enables an alarm signal to be energized upon an open in the electrical circuit arising from the erosion of a positively charged copper ion producing component lexposed to the sulfur reactive oil vr lubricant being monitored.
FIGURE 4 shows an embodiment of the apparatus using the electrical circuit of ]FIGURE 3 in combination with detector 20C which is substantially the same as detector 20B previously described excepting that it is made from a suitable electricall~y insulative mateial 20 rather than the electrically conductive material of detector 20~ previously described. Detector 20C has a body member ~C that extends through wall 6C of a housing having a cavity 8C containing the sulfur reactive oil or lubr;cant being monitored. Member 2C is threadingly 25 se5ured to wall 6C and has a nut 3C on one end thereof outside of wall 6C and a flange 4C aisposed intermediate body member 2C and nut 3C. Body member 2C, flange 4C
and nut 3'C are made from an electrically insulative materal, such as a suitable electricaly insulating 30 plastic such as a polyamide having physical, temperature and chemical resistance properties suitable to enable detector 20C to be secured to wall 6C and remain secured to wall 6C under the operating and temperature conditions to which the housing containing the sulfur 35 reactive oil or lubricant is subjected. A pair oE
~Q1~7~
spaced-apart electrical conductors 13C extend through nut 3Cr flange 4C and body member 2C into cavity 8C
enclosed by wall 6C such that the end oE conductors 13C
are exposed to the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant 5 being monitored. A positively charged copper ion producing component lC having an electrical resistance ~1 electrically interconnects both conductors 13C as previously descri~ed for the respective corresponding components of detector 20B of FIGURE 3. Since_body 10 ~ember 2C, flange 4C and nut 3C are made from an electricaliy insulative material, conductors 13C are not required to be electrically insulated rom such comp~nents such as is the situation in detector ~0~
which requires the use of an electrically insulative 15 gasket 14 and insulation material 1~.
Although it is preferred to use detectors of the invention that can be threadingly secured to the wall of a housing having a cavity containing the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant being monitored for chemical 20 degradation, other means of releasably or fixedly securing the æetector through an opening in the wall o~
the housing may be used where desired which are adaptea where necessary to prevent leakage of the oil or lubricant from the housing according to whether the oil 25 or lubricant is pressurized or unpressurized and also permit the positively charged copper ion producing component of the ~etector to be suitably immersed in the sulfur re~ctive oil or lubricant being monitored.
without having to remove component lA from cavity 8A.
~indow 12 is rnade of any suitable transparent material that is able to withstand the temperature and pressure to which the oil or lubricant in cavity 8A is subjecte~
- 35 and which retairls transparency suitable enough to perm;t P ~ ~3 --'''~"~, 6~7~
compone~t lA to be viewed periodically to ascertain whether any coating 9A, previously described with respect to coating 9 of FI~URE 1, is deposited on the outer surface thereof in order to determine whether the 5 oil or lubricant in cavity 8A has been degraded. In the event that cavity is a collecting res~rvoir such ~s a sump which is not under pressure, window 12 may not be required and an opening through wall 6A may be all that is required. Likewise, component lA may be fixedly 10 secured directly to wall 6A where such is des1red in preference to the use of flange 10.
FI~URE 3 shows apparatus in the f,~-m o~ ~n electrical circuit 19 in combination with an embodimen~
20B of the ~etector of the invention that h2s a 15 component lB having at least a portion there~f made ~rom a positively charged copper ion producing ma~erial that is able to be eroded away by the degradation products arising from the degradation of pressurized ~nd unpressurized sulfur containing oil or lu~ricant 20 subjected to elevated temperature~
Detector ~OB has a body member 2B that extends through an opening, not referenced, in wall 6B of a housing enclosing cavity 8B in which the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant to be m~nitored is contained. Body 25 member ~B has external threads 7B which threadingly secure detector 20B to wall 6B. Detector 20~ has a flange 4B and a nut 3B as shown in FIGURE 3. Nut ~B, as previously described for nut 3 of FIGURE 1, provides a means for turning detector 20B so that it can be 30 threadingly secured to wall 6Bo Tightening deteotor 20B
against wall 6B causes flange 4B to press seal 5~
against the outside of wall 6B to prevent leaka~e of the oil or lubricant from cavity 8s.
A pair of spaced-apart electrical condu~tors 35 extend through nut 3B, flange 4B and body member 2B into cavity 8H for a distance sufficient to insure that . .
~-, 't. ~ _ 9 ~ ;~U6~
component lB, which bridges across and provides an electrical interconnection between conductors 13, is immersed in the oil or lubricant con~ained within cavity 8B being monitored for chemical degradation.
Member 2B, flange 4B and nut 3B are made from an electrically conductive material such as metal and conductors 13 are electrically insulated from member 2B, flange 4B and nut 3B by an electrically insulative material 1~ such as a ceramic sleeve or other suitable 10 design and by electrically insulating gasket 14.
.Conductors 13 are threadingly engaged with insulation material 12 ih ~uch a manner -as to prevent the oil or lubricant from leaking ~ut of c2vity 8B.
C'omponent lB has at least a porti on thereof 15 made from an electrically conductive metallic material that is a~le 'co provide positively charged copper ions ~s a result of e~posure of the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant in cavity 8B to ele-~ated temperatures yet has a mass sufficiently small to insure that is will be eroded a~ay by s~lfur containing acids arising 25 degradation products of the oil or lubricant rather th-n having sufficient mass to support the build-up of a coating which is the corrosion product of positively ,char~ed copper ions and negatively charged sulfur ionC
25 as previ~usly ~escribed. Component lB is is preferabl--in the form of a s~lid or stranded copper conducto.r preferably of about ~0 to about 30 AWG~ Since a 30 A~
wire co~duct~r is substantially smaller in diameter, mass, than a 20 AW~ w;re conduc~or will erode away ir 30 less time than a 20 AWG wire conductor at a lower le~r~~
of the oil or lubricant chemical degradation. It hac been found ~or example, that 28 AWG copper wire will erode completely in half when îmmersed in an extreme pressure sulfur containing oil for 200 hours at lgOY.
Although component lB is preferably in the form of a wire, component lB may have any shape provided it has a portion thereof that is able to be eroded away surficiently to open an electrical circuit to which 5 detector 20~ is electrically connected. Generally, the depletion of anti-oxidants contained in extreme pressure oils or lubricants marks the beginning of the creation of negatively charged sulfur ions in the oil o~
lubricant.
Conductors 13 are made from an electrically conductive material that is resistant to corrosive attack from the oil or lubricant contained in cavity 8B
~nd to the elevated temperature to which the oil or lubricant are subjected. Preferablyr conductors 13 are 15 ~nade from a metallic material having high iron cont~nt.
A means 15 for connecting each conductor 13 to an electrical circuit is disposed Oll the end of each conductor 13 adjacent the side oE gasket 14 facing away from nut 3B. ,Although the means 15 ,for connecting 20 conductors 13 to an electrical circuit is shown in-FI~URE 3 as a screw head, any means 15 that will suitably electrically connect conductors 13 to an electrical circuit may be used.
FIGURE 3 also shows a typical electrical 25 circ~it 19 to which detector 20B may be electrically connected 'to provide an alarm signal when a --predeter~ined amount of degradatlon of the oil or lubricant in cavity 3B has been reached.
Circuit 19 has a resistor R2 in series with a 30 light emitting diode 17 which are both in parallel with a voltage source 18 such as providea by a battery o a motor vehicle for which the oil or lubricant is b,eing monitored. Conductors 13 are electrically connected in parallel to voltage source 18 by connecting means 15.
35 The resistance in ohms c,f resistor R2 is sufficiently f` .,1 .? ,~
greater than the resistance Rl in ohms of component lB
to preverlr diode 17 from being energized by voltage sollrce 18 su~Eiciently to emit light when componen~ lB
has not been ero~ed away su~ficiently to open circuit 5 1.9. ~esistor R2 also has a resistance in ohms low enough to enable diode 17 to be energized sufficiently tc emit an amount of light suitable to provide a visual indication to a viewer of diode 17 when component lB has been eroded away sufficiently to create an opening in 10 circuit 19~ Thus circuit-l9 is normaliy closed when: ~.
compvnent lB has not eroded away sufficiently to crea~e an open cixcuit l9, by being, eroded ~w~y is able to cause volta~e source 18 to energize d.iode 17 sufficiently to provide a visual 15 indication in the form of li~ht indicating that thP
chemical degradation of the sulfur reactive oi~ or lubricant to which component lB is exposed has reached a level predetermined by the particular mass selected for component 1~.
Although the warnin~ signal is shown in FIGURE
3 in the form of a light emitting diode 17, the warning signal may ~e an amp meter, or an audio device such as a siren or other signal device that when energîzed by ~
voltage source when component lB is eroded away is able 25 to provide a warning signal that the chemical degradation of the sulfur reactive oil or lubric~nt being monitored has reached a level predetermined by the particular mass selected for the.copper ion producing component.
Although only two conductors 13 are shown in FIGURE 3 as electrically connected by component lB~ any number may be used that are electr.ically interconnected in sllch a manner that their erosivn by sul~ur containing acids arising from the degradation of the sulfur 35 reactive oil or lubricant being monitored is able to . - 12. -i~
~2~ 7~
energize an alarm signal providing a warning that the chemical clegradation of the oil or lubricant has reached a predetermined level.
Although it is preferred to use a simple 5 series-parallel e]ectrical circuit involving only resistors such as circuit 19 in FIGURE 3 that is normally closed up until the point where component lB
erodes away sufficiently to open the circuit and energize an alarm signal,-any electxical circuit may be 10 used that enables an alarm signal to be energized upon an open in the electrical circuit arising from the erosion of a positively charged copper ion producing component lexposed to the sulfur reactive oil vr lubricant being monitored.
FIGURE 4 shows an embodiment of the apparatus using the electrical circuit of ]FIGURE 3 in combination with detector 20C which is substantially the same as detector 20B previously described excepting that it is made from a suitable electricall~y insulative mateial 20 rather than the electrically conductive material of detector 20~ previously described. Detector 20C has a body member ~C that extends through wall 6C of a housing having a cavity 8C containing the sulfur reactive oil or lubr;cant being monitored. Member 2C is threadingly 25 se5ured to wall 6C and has a nut 3C on one end thereof outside of wall 6C and a flange 4C aisposed intermediate body member 2C and nut 3C. Body member 2C, flange 4C
and nut 3'C are made from an electrically insulative materal, such as a suitable electricaly insulating 30 plastic such as a polyamide having physical, temperature and chemical resistance properties suitable to enable detector 20C to be secured to wall 6C and remain secured to wall 6C under the operating and temperature conditions to which the housing containing the sulfur 35 reactive oil or lubricant is subjected. A pair oE
~Q1~7~
spaced-apart electrical conductors 13C extend through nut 3Cr flange 4C and body member 2C into cavity 8C
enclosed by wall 6C such that the end oE conductors 13C
are exposed to the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant 5 being monitored. A positively charged copper ion producing component lC having an electrical resistance ~1 electrically interconnects both conductors 13C as previously descri~ed for the respective corresponding components of detector 20B of FIGURE 3. Since_body 10 ~ember 2C, flange 4C and nut 3C are made from an electricaliy insulative material, conductors 13C are not required to be electrically insulated rom such comp~nents such as is the situation in detector ~0~
which requires the use of an electrically insulative 15 gasket 14 and insulation material 1~.
Although it is preferred to use detectors of the invention that can be threadingly secured to the wall of a housing having a cavity containing the sulfur reactive oil or lubricant being monitored for chemical 20 degradation, other means of releasably or fixedly securing the æetector through an opening in the wall o~
the housing may be used where desired which are adaptea where necessary to prevent leakage of the oil or lubricant from the housing according to whether the oil 25 or lubricant is pressurized or unpressurized and also permit the positively charged copper ion producing component of the ~etector to be suitably immersed in the sulfur re~ctive oil or lubricant being monitored.
Claims (14)
1. A detector for indicating the amount of degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant which provides negatively charged sulfur ions in response to degradation arising from exposure of the oil or lubricant to elevated temperature conditions, said detector having component means adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the period the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated temperature conditions, said component means having at least a portion thereof made from a material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the elevated temperature conditions to which the lubricant is subjected and having a mass sufficient to enable the electrical attraction between the sulfur and copper ions to provide a corrosion product in the form of a coating that coats the component sufficiently to provide a visual indication of the amount of degradation suffered by the oil or lubricant.
2. The detector of claim 1 wherein the component is made from an alloy of copper.
3. The detector of claim 2 wherein the alloy is brass.
4. The detector of claim 2 wherein the alloy is bronze.
5. The detector of claim 1 wherein the component is removably inserted into a cavity within a housing containing the oil or lubricant.
6. The detector of claim 1 wherein the component is fixedly secured within a cavity of housing containing the oil or lubricant.
7. The detector of claim 1 wherein the housing is a gear housing.
8. Apparatus for providing an electrical warning signal that the amount of chemical degradation suffered by a pressurized or unpressurized oil or lubricant that provides negatively charged sulfur ions in response to degradation arising from exposure of the oil or lubricant to elevated temperature conditions has exceeded a predetermined amount, said apparatus comprising:
component means, said component means adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the period the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated temperature conditions, voltage means, warning signal means, and normally closed electrical circuit means electrically connecting the component means, voltage means and warning signal means, said warning signal provided as a result of the component means having at least a portion thereof made from an electrically conductive material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the temperature conditions to which the oil or lubricant is subjected, said component portion having a mass that enables the component portion to be eroded away by sulfur containing acids arising from the degradation of the oil or lubricant sufficiently to open the electrical circuit and enable the warning signal to be energized by the voltage means when the oil or lubricant degradation has reached the predetermined amount.
component means, said component means adapted to be exposed to the oil or lubricant during the period the oil or lubricant is subjected to the elevated temperature conditions, voltage means, warning signal means, and normally closed electrical circuit means electrically connecting the component means, voltage means and warning signal means, said warning signal provided as a result of the component means having at least a portion thereof made from an electrically conductive material able to provide positively charged copper ions under the temperature conditions to which the oil or lubricant is subjected, said component portion having a mass that enables the component portion to be eroded away by sulfur containing acids arising from the degradation of the oil or lubricant sufficiently to open the electrical circuit and enable the warning signal to be energized by the voltage means when the oil or lubricant degradation has reached the predetermined amount.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the component portion is made from an alloy of copper.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the alloy is brass.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the alloy is bronze.
12. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the component portion is a copper wire.
13. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein at least the electrically conductive component portion is removably inserted into the oil or lubricant.
14. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the housing is a gear housing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US40495482A | 1982-08-04 | 1982-08-04 | |
| US404,954 | 1982-08-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1206079A true CA1206079A (en) | 1986-06-17 |
Family
ID=23601703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000431679A Expired CA1206079A (en) | 1982-08-04 | 1983-06-30 | Oil and lubricant degradation detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1206079A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4791374A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-12-13 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Acid sensor |
| US5023133A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1991-06-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Acid sensor |
| US6217745B1 (en) | 1999-08-24 | 2001-04-17 | Pennzoil-Quaker State | Method for monitoring agents in hydrocarbon fluids |
| CN105486719A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-13 | 爱三工业株式会社 | Fuel property sensor |
| CN116128794A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-05-16 | 淄博威世能净油设备有限公司 | Oil product inspection analysis system based on machine vision and image processing |
-
1983
- 1983-06-30 CA CA000431679A patent/CA1206079A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4791374A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-12-13 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Acid sensor |
| US5023133A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1991-06-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Acid sensor |
| US6217745B1 (en) | 1999-08-24 | 2001-04-17 | Pennzoil-Quaker State | Method for monitoring agents in hydrocarbon fluids |
| CN105486719A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-13 | 爱三工业株式会社 | Fuel property sensor |
| CN116128794A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-05-16 | 淄博威世能净油设备有限公司 | Oil product inspection analysis system based on machine vision and image processing |
| CN116128794B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-09-01 | 淄博威世能净油设备有限公司 | Oil product inspection analysis system based on machine vision and image processing |
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| MKEX | Expiry |