CA1202862A - Pediatric cartridge humidifier - Google Patents
Pediatric cartridge humidifierInfo
- Publication number
- CA1202862A CA1202862A CA000435036A CA435036A CA1202862A CA 1202862 A CA1202862 A CA 1202862A CA 000435036 A CA000435036 A CA 000435036A CA 435036 A CA435036 A CA 435036A CA 1202862 A CA1202862 A CA 1202862A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- reservoir
- cartridge module
- liquid
- conduit
- cartridge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
- A61M16/162—Water-reservoir filling system, e.g. automatic
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Air Humidification (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A previously disclosed cartridge type humidifier apparatus including a separate heater module with a cylindrical opening for replaceab-ly receiving therein disposable cylindrical humidifier cartridge modules, having a housing containing a replenishable water supply is employed as a water supply source for reproducing an aerosol with an oxygen supply for pediatric inhalation therapy. The cartridge modules each have a tubu-lar metal main body adapted for a sliding fit within a complimentary tubular wall heater. The metal tubular body has a rigid plastic top and bottom end portions. The top end portion is a cap with a center axial gas inlet tube and a separate transverse gas delivery tube, the cap form-ing a closed air space over a pool of humidified liquid each cartridge includes an absorption column preferably of this cylindrical tube from which is adapted to lie closely adjacent and draw water up along the cart-ridge cylindrical metal body which insures as an evaporating surface when heated by the heater modules. The gas to be humidified is dispersed within a hollow chamber formed between the gas inlet pipe projecting concentri-cally into the cartridge and the radially spaced wall of the main cart-ridge body and the absorption column. Water is fed to the humidifier from the bottom of a bottle of sterile water through a water inlet tube.
An air flow tube is connected to the plastic top end portion. Check valves are positioned in both the water inlet and air flow lines.
A previously disclosed cartridge type humidifier apparatus including a separate heater module with a cylindrical opening for replaceab-ly receiving therein disposable cylindrical humidifier cartridge modules, having a housing containing a replenishable water supply is employed as a water supply source for reproducing an aerosol with an oxygen supply for pediatric inhalation therapy. The cartridge modules each have a tubu-lar metal main body adapted for a sliding fit within a complimentary tubular wall heater. The metal tubular body has a rigid plastic top and bottom end portions. The top end portion is a cap with a center axial gas inlet tube and a separate transverse gas delivery tube, the cap form-ing a closed air space over a pool of humidified liquid each cartridge includes an absorption column preferably of this cylindrical tube from which is adapted to lie closely adjacent and draw water up along the cart-ridge cylindrical metal body which insures as an evaporating surface when heated by the heater modules. The gas to be humidified is dispersed within a hollow chamber formed between the gas inlet pipe projecting concentri-cally into the cartridge and the radially spaced wall of the main cart-ridge body and the absorption column. Water is fed to the humidifier from the bottom of a bottle of sterile water through a water inlet tube.
An air flow tube is connected to the plastic top end portion. Check valves are positioned in both the water inlet and air flow lines.
Description
;IZ~2862 BACKGROUND OF TIIE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a modification of an inhalation therapy device for use with a patient ventilator.
United States Patent 3,771,721 issued November 13, 1973, relates to inhalation therapy in the medical art of treating with oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and air having a high moisture content. Several classes of devices including atomizers and humidifiers are adapted for such treat-ments. With respect to atomizers and nebulizers as they are frequently called, a heretofore known system for inhalation therapy comprises a container for pure water which has means enabling operation of the container in one of several modes.
United States Patent 4,110,419 issued August 29, 1978, and United States Patent 4,172,105 issued October 23, 1979, relate to a cartridge type humidifier apparatus that includes a separate heater module with a cylindrical opening for replaceably receiving therein disposable cylindrical humidifier cartridge modules. The cartridge modules each have a tubular metal main body adapted for a sliding fit within a compli-mentary tubular walled heater. The metal tubular body has a rigid plastic top and bottom end portions with a separate transverse gas delivery pipe, 2U the cap forming a closed air space over a pool of humidifying liquid. The gas to be humidified is dispersed within a hollow chamber formed between the gas inlet pipe projecting concentricall~ into the cartridge and the radially spaced wall of the main cartridge body and absorption column.
The inlet tube terminates above the water. The instant device is a mod-ification of the disclosure in these patents to provide an improved cart-ridge humidifier.
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SUMMARY OF THE Ir~VENTION
A waterfeed circuit for delivering water from a reser-voir to a humidifying apparatus connected within a ventilation system wherein the ventilation system produces a cycling pressure within the humidifier and the circuit maintains a constant water volume within the humid;fier while isolating the compliance of the reservoir from the system The device includes a level sen-sing tube positioned in the humidification apparatus. The top of the level sensing tube is connected by means of an air flow conduit having a check valve positioned therein that connects to an air space in the top of the reservoir of ~septic liquid.
Water is fed to the humidifying apparatus by means of a conduit connecting the reservoir with the cylindrical cartridge of the apparatus~ A check valve is positioned in this conduit.
Although this system can be used for adult as well as pediatric humidification, to simplify the discussion, this apparatus will be described as a modification of United States Patent 4,110,419 and, more specifically, United States Patent 4,172,105 that pro~ide breathable inhaled gases that are mois-ture laden with a large quantity of water for pediatric use. The elements of the device that are not mentioned above are identic-al with the structure shown in United States ~atent 4,172,105.
Thus, in accordance with a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a feeder circuit for delivering a liquid from a reservoir to a cartridge module, said cartridge module having a top portion and a bottom portion, comprising, in combination:
support means for securing said reservoir in fixed relationship to said cartridge module; a first conduit connecting said car-tridge module to said reservoir; first one-way valve means inter-connected in said first conduit for permitting passage of fluid ~z~ z from said reservoir to said cartridge module; a fluid level sensing tube extending into said cartridge module through said top portion and extending therein towards said bottom portion, said fluid level sensing tube having a first end external to said cartridge module and a second end within said cartridge module, said second end of said fluid level sensing tube sub-stantially defining a fluid control level within said cartridge module; a second conduit connectina said first end of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir; and second one-way valve means interconnected in said second conduit for permitting passage of fluid from said cartridge module to said reservoir;
said support means, said first conduit~ said first check valve means, and said fluid level sensing tube, said second conduit, and said second check valve means cooperatively defining fluid level means for maintaining the level of said liquid within said cartridge module substantially at said fluid control level.
In accordance with another broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for providing a moisturized gas com-prising, in combination: a sealed reservoir holding aseptic mois-turizing liquid; a cartridge module having an upper portion anda lower portion, said cartridge module being adapted to hold a quantity of said moisturizing liquid, said cartridge module further including a gas inlet port and a gas deliver porti support means for securing said reservoir relative to said car-tridge module, means for producing a gas flow through said gas inlet port, said cartridge module, and said gas delivery port as to produce said moisturized gasi and a feeder circuit for feeding said moisturizing liquid from said reservoir to said cartridge module so as to maintain a substantially constant liq-uid level therein; said feeder circuit including (i) firstconduit means for interconnecting said cartridge module and -2a-iZU~86Z
said reservoir, said first conduit means including first valve means therein for passing fluid substantially solely from said reservoir to said cartridge module, (ii) a fluid level sensing tube within said cartridge module having a terminus therein def-ining a liquid control level, a portion of said fluid level sensing tube extending externally of said cartridge module, (iii) second conduit means for interconnecting said portion of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir, said second conduit means including second valve means therein for passing fluid substantially solely from said cartridge module to said reservoir.
In accordance with anoth~r broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a cartridge humidifying apparatus for hum-idifying and heating a breathable gas such as oxygen supplemen-ted air to be inhaled by a patient undergoing inhalation therapy comprising: (a) a humidifier cartridge module means embodying a tubular cartridge main body portion with an inner peripheral wall; (b) said cartridge module means including an upper end portion with cap means attached to said main body; (c) said humidifier cartridge module means including a lower end portion terminating in a transverse wall and adapted and constructed to retain a humidifying liquid, said transverse wall having liquid inlet means adapted to be fluidly connected via conduit means with a liquid outlet means of an external liquid source;
(d) said humidiier cartridge module means further comprising a liquid absorption means including an open center generally tubular liquid-absorption column member with an inner-peripheral face constituting an evaporating surface for humidifying liquid disposed generally contiguously and coe~tensive with a substan-tial part of said cartridge main body and said lower end portion -2b-Z~3~Z
adapted and constructed to be wetted directly by the humidify-ing liquid when liquid is in said lower end portion, and to convey by capillary action the liquid upwardly of said absorption means and onto said evaporating surface; (e) a fluid level sensingtube positioned in said humidifer cartridge module adja-cent to said central tubular liquid absorption column and extend-ing from near the bottom of said humidifier cartridge module to said upper end portion cap means; (f) said upper end portion cap means of said humidifier cartridge module means of paragraph (b) together with a portion of said main body providing an air space above the humidifying liquId level in said lower end portion of said paragraph (c) when liquid is in said lower end portion; (g) said cap means including a breathable gas inlet feed pipe for directing gas to be humidified into said module and terminating in said main body; (h) said cap means further including an outwardly projecting humidified breathable gas outlet delivery pipe in fluid communication with said air space, said delivery p;pe adapted to be connected with an output deliv~
ery tube; (i) a disposable reservoir of aseptic liquid sealed therein, said disposable reservoir having a liquid outlet pipe, means for detachably mounting said reservoir externally of said module means and liquid inlet means adapted to fluidly connect via conduit means with said liquid outlet means of said external reservoir of asep~ic liquid with said module means wherein said conduit means comprises a first tubular member having a check valve positioned therein,one end of said tubular member connected to the liquid outlet of said reservoir, the other end of said tubular member connecting to the inlet of said module, a second tubular condui-t having a check valve therein, one end of said second tubular conduit connecting said -2c-iZC~'~8~2 level sensing tube in said upper end portion cap means, the other end of said second tubular merber connecting through said check valve to the upper portion of said reservoir of aseptic liquid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the assembled humidi-fying apparatus according to one form of the invention.
Figure 2 (second page of drawings) is another perspective view of the invention with a portion of the structure shown in cross section.
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the valve and stop elements of the structure in more detail.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Since the instant application covers the modification of high volume disposable and semi-disposable cartridge humidifiers with self-contained cartridge sterilizing means disclosed and claimed in United States Patent 4,172,105 and United States Patent 4,110,419, only the essential portions of this modified apparatus will be discussed in detail.
Reference is made to Figures 1 and 2 wherein the modification of the humidifier and nebulizer assembly is generally indicated by the member 11. The assembly comprises a combined heater cartridge supporting means 12 with a disposable or semi-disposable cartridge module 30 as shown in Figure 2, preferably with a non-metallic top body cap 13. The details of the heater and cartridge supporting module are described in detail in United States Patent 4,110~419 and will not be repeated here.
Additionally, the supporting means 12 is provided with a bracket means 14 to support therewith a suitably prepared water supply thermoplastic bottle 15 with which the system hereof is designed to work as aseptically prefilled bottles known as *Concha ~ preferably the *Concha ~ 1500 (1500 ml) marketed by Respiratory Care, Inc., of Arlington Heights, Illinois.
The bottle is provided with breachable seals 24 and 25 for accommodating piercing members 32 and 53 in a manner shown in Figure 2. The cap 13 is provided with a gas delivery port 21. A flexible tubing 22 is shown fragmentarily in connection with a gas delivery port 21 and is adapted to deliver the treated gas to the patient. A liquid water bottle reservoir means shown in the drawing is preferably the aforesaid ~Concha ~ unit placed in upright position adjacent to the supporting means 12. The unit is a disposable sealed plastic container of aseptic water. The *Trade Mark -3-~z~z~z container -C~?- s~, 2 r~inci?al cna~ber 23 ~hich is shown ir .he drawins as provi~ed ~ith breacnable seals 24 and 25 and connectinS
tubes 26 and 27 The essential ~eature of this inven~ion resiaes in .he ~e~hod o~ connecting _he bottle lS witn ,he humidi~ier cartridge 30 and in the elements desisned to con rol the wa-e-level in the humidifier cartridge 30 The tube 26 is connected to the bot.om of the ~ottle 15 tnrougr the connector 25 having the piercing member 32 The othe-end of the tube 25 is connected through the connector 34 to the bottom of the humidifier cartridge 30 The tu~e 27 is connec.ed ~o the top of the bottle tnrough the connector 24 having a piercing member 53 attached thereto- The other end of the tube 27 is connected through the connector 38 to the level sensing tube 31 positioned in the humidifier cartridge 30 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view or the check ~alves 28 and 29 in Figures 1 and 2 The valves consist of a elas-tomeric disk 39 that moves between positions 54 and 60 When the disk is in position 54, water can flow through the conduit 26 and air can flow through the conduit 27 When the disk is in position 60, the valve is closed ~and water cannot flow through the conduit 26 and air cannot flow through the conduit 27~
In opera~ion of the system the cneck valves 28 and 29 control the flow of the water from the reservoir 15 through the humidifier cartridge 30 and the air from the air space 40 to the lével sensing tube 31 ~eferring again to Figure 1, clip means 50 are positioned onto 26 and 27 The apparatus includes an on and off switch 51 and a controllable member 52 In operation of the system when the humidifier cartridge is ~irst connectedr water will flow by gravity ~rom the bottle 1 to the humidifier cartridge 30 through the connectors 25 and 3 ~he ~-a`~r wi~1 ~ise in .;~e :~umi~ifier ca-tridce 30 anc will eventually close o~f the air su~ply to the level sensing .ube 31.
The water will son.inue to rise in the level sensing tube 31 and create a negative ?ressure in 'he bc..le air space Ø
At equilibrium the le~-el in the sensing tube 31 will be eaual to the level in the bottle 15. mhe negative pressure in the bottle will equal the hydrostatic pressure equivalent to the dif'erence in levels between the water in the bottle and the water in the humidifier cartridge 30.
When used for noncycling, continuous flow applications evaporation will cause a drop in the level of water in the humidifier cartridge 30 and will expose the bottom of the level sensing tube 31 to air. Some of the water in the sensing tube will drain and be replaced by air from within the numidifier cartridge 30. This will create an i~balance so that water will flow from the bottle 22 through the connector 25 and tube 26 and the connector 24 into the humidifier cartridge 30~ ~he cycle will repeat as the water in the humidifier cartridge is used up and a constant water level will be maintained.
During the inspiration portion of a ventilator cycle, the pressure in the ~.umidifier cartridge 30 will increase re-lative to the reservoir 1~ and if the water level in the cart-ridge 30 is above the control level, the water will be forced into conduit 27 and check valve 28 will open. If the water level in the cartri~se 30 is below the control level, air will move through the conduit 27 and into the reservo~r 15. Water forced into conduit 26 will cause check valve 2g to close during the expiration portion of the cycle, the pressure in the humidifi~
cartridge 30 will decrease substantially relative to the reservoi.
15. This will cause check valve 28 to close and check valve 29 to open and water to move from the reservoir 15 through conduit 26 into cartridge 30. The system will constantly try to reach _5_ lZ~Z~Z
ecui~ e ?~e~sure ~ 'he reservoir L~ ac...Gese until the ai- su~ply is cut o,~_ and then will decrease until the air supply is reo?ened. ~he check valve 29 in conduit 26 preven~s water _ro.n beina .~orced back into the bottle durins ins?iratio~.
and allows water .o flow during expira~ion. The check valve 2 in conduit 27 prevents the pressure in the reservoir 15 ~rom being relieved during expiration but also allows the air or exces, water to be forced through conduit 27 during inspiration. ~nother fact is that a fairly constant water level is maintained and the compliance (expansion and contraction of tne reservoir is significantly reduced).
While one preferred embodiment has been illustrated and described in detail it is apparent that other modi.ications and changes may be made by those s~illed in the art without deDartins from the inventive spirit thereof. Reference should be made to the appending claims for the inventive scope of this invention.
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The present invention relates to a modification of an inhalation therapy device for use with a patient ventilator.
United States Patent 3,771,721 issued November 13, 1973, relates to inhalation therapy in the medical art of treating with oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and air having a high moisture content. Several classes of devices including atomizers and humidifiers are adapted for such treat-ments. With respect to atomizers and nebulizers as they are frequently called, a heretofore known system for inhalation therapy comprises a container for pure water which has means enabling operation of the container in one of several modes.
United States Patent 4,110,419 issued August 29, 1978, and United States Patent 4,172,105 issued October 23, 1979, relate to a cartridge type humidifier apparatus that includes a separate heater module with a cylindrical opening for replaceably receiving therein disposable cylindrical humidifier cartridge modules. The cartridge modules each have a tubular metal main body adapted for a sliding fit within a compli-mentary tubular walled heater. The metal tubular body has a rigid plastic top and bottom end portions with a separate transverse gas delivery pipe, 2U the cap forming a closed air space over a pool of humidifying liquid. The gas to be humidified is dispersed within a hollow chamber formed between the gas inlet pipe projecting concentricall~ into the cartridge and the radially spaced wall of the main cartridge body and absorption column.
The inlet tube terminates above the water. The instant device is a mod-ification of the disclosure in these patents to provide an improved cart-ridge humidifier.
~k lZQ28~Z
SUMMARY OF THE Ir~VENTION
A waterfeed circuit for delivering water from a reser-voir to a humidifying apparatus connected within a ventilation system wherein the ventilation system produces a cycling pressure within the humidifier and the circuit maintains a constant water volume within the humid;fier while isolating the compliance of the reservoir from the system The device includes a level sen-sing tube positioned in the humidification apparatus. The top of the level sensing tube is connected by means of an air flow conduit having a check valve positioned therein that connects to an air space in the top of the reservoir of ~septic liquid.
Water is fed to the humidifying apparatus by means of a conduit connecting the reservoir with the cylindrical cartridge of the apparatus~ A check valve is positioned in this conduit.
Although this system can be used for adult as well as pediatric humidification, to simplify the discussion, this apparatus will be described as a modification of United States Patent 4,110,419 and, more specifically, United States Patent 4,172,105 that pro~ide breathable inhaled gases that are mois-ture laden with a large quantity of water for pediatric use. The elements of the device that are not mentioned above are identic-al with the structure shown in United States ~atent 4,172,105.
Thus, in accordance with a broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a feeder circuit for delivering a liquid from a reservoir to a cartridge module, said cartridge module having a top portion and a bottom portion, comprising, in combination:
support means for securing said reservoir in fixed relationship to said cartridge module; a first conduit connecting said car-tridge module to said reservoir; first one-way valve means inter-connected in said first conduit for permitting passage of fluid ~z~ z from said reservoir to said cartridge module; a fluid level sensing tube extending into said cartridge module through said top portion and extending therein towards said bottom portion, said fluid level sensing tube having a first end external to said cartridge module and a second end within said cartridge module, said second end of said fluid level sensing tube sub-stantially defining a fluid control level within said cartridge module; a second conduit connectina said first end of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir; and second one-way valve means interconnected in said second conduit for permitting passage of fluid from said cartridge module to said reservoir;
said support means, said first conduit~ said first check valve means, and said fluid level sensing tube, said second conduit, and said second check valve means cooperatively defining fluid level means for maintaining the level of said liquid within said cartridge module substantially at said fluid control level.
In accordance with another broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for providing a moisturized gas com-prising, in combination: a sealed reservoir holding aseptic mois-turizing liquid; a cartridge module having an upper portion anda lower portion, said cartridge module being adapted to hold a quantity of said moisturizing liquid, said cartridge module further including a gas inlet port and a gas deliver porti support means for securing said reservoir relative to said car-tridge module, means for producing a gas flow through said gas inlet port, said cartridge module, and said gas delivery port as to produce said moisturized gasi and a feeder circuit for feeding said moisturizing liquid from said reservoir to said cartridge module so as to maintain a substantially constant liq-uid level therein; said feeder circuit including (i) firstconduit means for interconnecting said cartridge module and -2a-iZU~86Z
said reservoir, said first conduit means including first valve means therein for passing fluid substantially solely from said reservoir to said cartridge module, (ii) a fluid level sensing tube within said cartridge module having a terminus therein def-ining a liquid control level, a portion of said fluid level sensing tube extending externally of said cartridge module, (iii) second conduit means for interconnecting said portion of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir, said second conduit means including second valve means therein for passing fluid substantially solely from said cartridge module to said reservoir.
In accordance with anoth~r broad aspect of the invention, there is provided a cartridge humidifying apparatus for hum-idifying and heating a breathable gas such as oxygen supplemen-ted air to be inhaled by a patient undergoing inhalation therapy comprising: (a) a humidifier cartridge module means embodying a tubular cartridge main body portion with an inner peripheral wall; (b) said cartridge module means including an upper end portion with cap means attached to said main body; (c) said humidifier cartridge module means including a lower end portion terminating in a transverse wall and adapted and constructed to retain a humidifying liquid, said transverse wall having liquid inlet means adapted to be fluidly connected via conduit means with a liquid outlet means of an external liquid source;
(d) said humidiier cartridge module means further comprising a liquid absorption means including an open center generally tubular liquid-absorption column member with an inner-peripheral face constituting an evaporating surface for humidifying liquid disposed generally contiguously and coe~tensive with a substan-tial part of said cartridge main body and said lower end portion -2b-Z~3~Z
adapted and constructed to be wetted directly by the humidify-ing liquid when liquid is in said lower end portion, and to convey by capillary action the liquid upwardly of said absorption means and onto said evaporating surface; (e) a fluid level sensingtube positioned in said humidifer cartridge module adja-cent to said central tubular liquid absorption column and extend-ing from near the bottom of said humidifier cartridge module to said upper end portion cap means; (f) said upper end portion cap means of said humidifier cartridge module means of paragraph (b) together with a portion of said main body providing an air space above the humidifying liquId level in said lower end portion of said paragraph (c) when liquid is in said lower end portion; (g) said cap means including a breathable gas inlet feed pipe for directing gas to be humidified into said module and terminating in said main body; (h) said cap means further including an outwardly projecting humidified breathable gas outlet delivery pipe in fluid communication with said air space, said delivery p;pe adapted to be connected with an output deliv~
ery tube; (i) a disposable reservoir of aseptic liquid sealed therein, said disposable reservoir having a liquid outlet pipe, means for detachably mounting said reservoir externally of said module means and liquid inlet means adapted to fluidly connect via conduit means with said liquid outlet means of said external reservoir of asep~ic liquid with said module means wherein said conduit means comprises a first tubular member having a check valve positioned therein,one end of said tubular member connected to the liquid outlet of said reservoir, the other end of said tubular member connecting to the inlet of said module, a second tubular condui-t having a check valve therein, one end of said second tubular conduit connecting said -2c-iZC~'~8~2 level sensing tube in said upper end portion cap means, the other end of said second tubular merber connecting through said check valve to the upper portion of said reservoir of aseptic liquid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the assembled humidi-fying apparatus according to one form of the invention.
Figure 2 (second page of drawings) is another perspective view of the invention with a portion of the structure shown in cross section.
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the valve and stop elements of the structure in more detail.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Since the instant application covers the modification of high volume disposable and semi-disposable cartridge humidifiers with self-contained cartridge sterilizing means disclosed and claimed in United States Patent 4,172,105 and United States Patent 4,110,419, only the essential portions of this modified apparatus will be discussed in detail.
Reference is made to Figures 1 and 2 wherein the modification of the humidifier and nebulizer assembly is generally indicated by the member 11. The assembly comprises a combined heater cartridge supporting means 12 with a disposable or semi-disposable cartridge module 30 as shown in Figure 2, preferably with a non-metallic top body cap 13. The details of the heater and cartridge supporting module are described in detail in United States Patent 4,110~419 and will not be repeated here.
Additionally, the supporting means 12 is provided with a bracket means 14 to support therewith a suitably prepared water supply thermoplastic bottle 15 with which the system hereof is designed to work as aseptically prefilled bottles known as *Concha ~ preferably the *Concha ~ 1500 (1500 ml) marketed by Respiratory Care, Inc., of Arlington Heights, Illinois.
The bottle is provided with breachable seals 24 and 25 for accommodating piercing members 32 and 53 in a manner shown in Figure 2. The cap 13 is provided with a gas delivery port 21. A flexible tubing 22 is shown fragmentarily in connection with a gas delivery port 21 and is adapted to deliver the treated gas to the patient. A liquid water bottle reservoir means shown in the drawing is preferably the aforesaid ~Concha ~ unit placed in upright position adjacent to the supporting means 12. The unit is a disposable sealed plastic container of aseptic water. The *Trade Mark -3-~z~z~z container -C~?- s~, 2 r~inci?al cna~ber 23 ~hich is shown ir .he drawins as provi~ed ~ith breacnable seals 24 and 25 and connectinS
tubes 26 and 27 The essential ~eature of this inven~ion resiaes in .he ~e~hod o~ connecting _he bottle lS witn ,he humidi~ier cartridge 30 and in the elements desisned to con rol the wa-e-level in the humidifier cartridge 30 The tube 26 is connected to the bot.om of the ~ottle 15 tnrougr the connector 25 having the piercing member 32 The othe-end of the tube 25 is connected through the connector 34 to the bottom of the humidifier cartridge 30 The tu~e 27 is connec.ed ~o the top of the bottle tnrough the connector 24 having a piercing member 53 attached thereto- The other end of the tube 27 is connected through the connector 38 to the level sensing tube 31 positioned in the humidifier cartridge 30 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view or the check ~alves 28 and 29 in Figures 1 and 2 The valves consist of a elas-tomeric disk 39 that moves between positions 54 and 60 When the disk is in position 54, water can flow through the conduit 26 and air can flow through the conduit 27 When the disk is in position 60, the valve is closed ~and water cannot flow through the conduit 26 and air cannot flow through the conduit 27~
In opera~ion of the system the cneck valves 28 and 29 control the flow of the water from the reservoir 15 through the humidifier cartridge 30 and the air from the air space 40 to the lével sensing tube 31 ~eferring again to Figure 1, clip means 50 are positioned onto 26 and 27 The apparatus includes an on and off switch 51 and a controllable member 52 In operation of the system when the humidifier cartridge is ~irst connectedr water will flow by gravity ~rom the bottle 1 to the humidifier cartridge 30 through the connectors 25 and 3 ~he ~-a`~r wi~1 ~ise in .;~e :~umi~ifier ca-tridce 30 anc will eventually close o~f the air su~ply to the level sensing .ube 31.
The water will son.inue to rise in the level sensing tube 31 and create a negative ?ressure in 'he bc..le air space Ø
At equilibrium the le~-el in the sensing tube 31 will be eaual to the level in the bottle 15. mhe negative pressure in the bottle will equal the hydrostatic pressure equivalent to the dif'erence in levels between the water in the bottle and the water in the humidifier cartridge 30.
When used for noncycling, continuous flow applications evaporation will cause a drop in the level of water in the humidifier cartridge 30 and will expose the bottom of the level sensing tube 31 to air. Some of the water in the sensing tube will drain and be replaced by air from within the numidifier cartridge 30. This will create an i~balance so that water will flow from the bottle 22 through the connector 25 and tube 26 and the connector 24 into the humidifier cartridge 30~ ~he cycle will repeat as the water in the humidifier cartridge is used up and a constant water level will be maintained.
During the inspiration portion of a ventilator cycle, the pressure in the ~.umidifier cartridge 30 will increase re-lative to the reservoir 1~ and if the water level in the cart-ridge 30 is above the control level, the water will be forced into conduit 27 and check valve 28 will open. If the water level in the cartri~se 30 is below the control level, air will move through the conduit 27 and into the reservo~r 15. Water forced into conduit 26 will cause check valve 2g to close during the expiration portion of the cycle, the pressure in the humidifi~
cartridge 30 will decrease substantially relative to the reservoi.
15. This will cause check valve 28 to close and check valve 29 to open and water to move from the reservoir 15 through conduit 26 into cartridge 30. The system will constantly try to reach _5_ lZ~Z~Z
ecui~ e ?~e~sure ~ 'he reservoir L~ ac...Gese until the ai- su~ply is cut o,~_ and then will decrease until the air supply is reo?ened. ~he check valve 29 in conduit 26 preven~s water _ro.n beina .~orced back into the bottle durins ins?iratio~.
and allows water .o flow during expira~ion. The check valve 2 in conduit 27 prevents the pressure in the reservoir 15 ~rom being relieved during expiration but also allows the air or exces, water to be forced through conduit 27 during inspiration. ~nother fact is that a fairly constant water level is maintained and the compliance (expansion and contraction of tne reservoir is significantly reduced).
While one preferred embodiment has been illustrated and described in detail it is apparent that other modi.ications and changes may be made by those s~illed in the art without deDartins from the inventive spirit thereof. Reference should be made to the appending claims for the inventive scope of this invention.
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Claims (12)
1. A feeder circuit for delivering a liquid from a reservoir to a cartridge module, said cartridge module having a top portion and a bottom portion, comprising, in combination:
support means for securing said reservoir in fixed relationship to said cartridge module;
a first conduit connecting said cartridge module to said reservoir;
first one-way valve means interconnected in said first conduit for permitting passage of fluid from said reservoir to said cartridge module;
a fluid level sensing tube extending into said cartridge module through said top portion and extend-ing therein towards said bottom portion, said fluid level sensing tube having a first end external to said cartridge module and a second end within said cart-ridge module, said second end of said fluid level sens-ing tube substantially defining a fluid control level within said cartridge module;
a second conduit connecting said first end of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir; and second one-way valve means interconnected in said second conduit for permitting passage of fluid from said cartridge module to said reservoir;
said support means, said first conduit, said first check valve means, and said fluid level sensing tube, said second conduit, and said second check valve means cooperatively defining fluid level means for maintain-ing the level of said liquid within said cartridge module substantially at said fluid control level.
support means for securing said reservoir in fixed relationship to said cartridge module;
a first conduit connecting said cartridge module to said reservoir;
first one-way valve means interconnected in said first conduit for permitting passage of fluid from said reservoir to said cartridge module;
a fluid level sensing tube extending into said cartridge module through said top portion and extend-ing therein towards said bottom portion, said fluid level sensing tube having a first end external to said cartridge module and a second end within said cart-ridge module, said second end of said fluid level sens-ing tube substantially defining a fluid control level within said cartridge module;
a second conduit connecting said first end of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir; and second one-way valve means interconnected in said second conduit for permitting passage of fluid from said cartridge module to said reservoir;
said support means, said first conduit, said first check valve means, and said fluid level sensing tube, said second conduit, and said second check valve means cooperatively defining fluid level means for maintain-ing the level of said liquid within said cartridge module substantially at said fluid control level.
2. A feeder circuit as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second conduits include a connector having a piercing member adapted to puncture said reservoir.
3. A feeder circuit as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cartridge module includes a top cap substantially closing said top portion, said fluid level sensing tube extending through said top cap.
4. A feeder circuit as claimed in claim 3 wherein said cartridge module further includes a bottom cap substantially closing said bottom portion.
5. A system for providing a moisturized gas compris-ing, in combination:
a sealed reservoir holding aseptic moisturizing liquid;
a cartridge module having an upper portion and a lower portion, said cartridge module being adapted to hold a quantity of said moisturizing liquid, said cartridge module further including a gas inlet port and a gas delivery port;
support means for securing said reservoir relative to said cartridge module;
means for producing a gas flow through said gas inlet port, said cartridge module, and said gas deliv-ery port as to produce said moisturized gas; and a feeder circuit for feeding said moisturizing liquid from said reservoir to said cartridge module so as to maintain a substantially constant liquid level therein;
said feeder circuit including (i) first conduit means for interconnecting said cartridge module and said reservoir, said first conduit means including first valve means therein for passing fluid substan-tially solely from said reservoir to said cartridge module, (ii) a fluid level sensing tube within said cartridge module having a terminus therein defining a liquid control level, a portion of said fluid level sensing tube extending externally of said cartridge module, (iii) second conduit means for interconnecting said portion of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir, said second conduit means including second valve means therein for passing fluid substantially solely from said cartridge module to said reservoir.
a sealed reservoir holding aseptic moisturizing liquid;
a cartridge module having an upper portion and a lower portion, said cartridge module being adapted to hold a quantity of said moisturizing liquid, said cartridge module further including a gas inlet port and a gas delivery port;
support means for securing said reservoir relative to said cartridge module;
means for producing a gas flow through said gas inlet port, said cartridge module, and said gas deliv-ery port as to produce said moisturized gas; and a feeder circuit for feeding said moisturizing liquid from said reservoir to said cartridge module so as to maintain a substantially constant liquid level therein;
said feeder circuit including (i) first conduit means for interconnecting said cartridge module and said reservoir, said first conduit means including first valve means therein for passing fluid substan-tially solely from said reservoir to said cartridge module, (ii) a fluid level sensing tube within said cartridge module having a terminus therein defining a liquid control level, a portion of said fluid level sensing tube extending externally of said cartridge module, (iii) second conduit means for interconnecting said portion of said fluid level sensing tube and said reservoir, said second conduit means including second valve means therein for passing fluid substantially solely from said cartridge module to said reservoir.
6. A system as claimed in claim 5 wherein said first and second conduit means include a connector having a piercing member adapted to puncture said reservoir,
7. A system as claimed in claim 5 further comprising heater means for heating said cartridge module, said heater means being adapted to receive said cartridge module in heat-transfer relationship.
8. A system as claimed in claim 5 wherein said car-tridge module includes an upper cap substantially closing said upper portion, said fluid level sensing tube extending through said top cap.
9. A system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said car-tridge module further includes a lower cap substantially closing said lower portion, said first conduit interconnecting with said lower cap.
10. A cartridge humidifying apparatus for humidifying and heating a breathable gas such as oxygen supplemented air to be inhaled by a patient undergoing inhalation therapy comprising:
(a) a humidifier cartridge module means embodying a tubular cartridge main body portion with an inner peripheral wall;
(b) said cartridge module means including an upper end portion with cap means attached to said main body;
(c) said humidifier cartridge module means including a lower end portion terminating in a transverse wall and adapted and constructed to retain a humidifying liquid, said transverse wall having liquid inlet means adapted to be fluidly connected via conduit means with a liquid outlet means of an external liquid source;
(d) said humidifier cartridge module means further com-prising a liquid absorption means including an open center generally tubular liquid-absorption column member with an inner-peripheral face constituting an evaporating surface for humidifying liquid dis-posed generally contiguously and coextensive with a substantial part of said cartridge main body and said lower end portion adapted and constructed to be wetted directly by the humidifying liquid when liquid is in said lower end portion, and to convey by capillary action the liquid upwardly of said absorption means and onto said evaporating surface;
(e) a fluid level sensing tube positioned in said humid-ifier cartridge module adjacent to said central tubular liquid absorption column and extending from near the bottom of said humidifier cartridge module to said upper end portion cap means;
(f) said upper end portion cap means of said humidifier cartridge module means of paragraph (b) together with a portion of said main body providing an air space above the humidifying liquid level in said lower end portion of said paragraph (c) when liquid is in said lower end portion;
(g) said cap means including a breathable gas inlet feed pipe for directing gas to be humidified into said module and terminating in said main body;
(h) said cap means further including an outwardly pro-jecting humidified breathable gas outlet delivery pipe in fluid communication with said air space, said delivery pipe adapted to be connected with an output delivery tube;
(i) a disposable reservoir of aseptic liquid sealed therein, said disposable reservoir having a liquid outlet pipe, means for detachably mounting said reservoir externally of said module means and liquid inlet means adapted to fluidly connect via conduit means with said liquid outlet means of said external reservoir of aseptic liquid with said mod-ule means wherein said conduit means comprises a first tubular member having a check valve positioned therein, one end of said tubular member connected to the liquid outlet of said reservoir, the other end of said tubular member connecting to the inlet of said module, a second tubular conduit having a check valve therein, one end of said second tubular conduit connecting said level sensing tube in said upper end portion cap means, the other end of said second tubular member connecting through said check valve to the upper portion of said reservoir of aseptic liquid.
(a) a humidifier cartridge module means embodying a tubular cartridge main body portion with an inner peripheral wall;
(b) said cartridge module means including an upper end portion with cap means attached to said main body;
(c) said humidifier cartridge module means including a lower end portion terminating in a transverse wall and adapted and constructed to retain a humidifying liquid, said transverse wall having liquid inlet means adapted to be fluidly connected via conduit means with a liquid outlet means of an external liquid source;
(d) said humidifier cartridge module means further com-prising a liquid absorption means including an open center generally tubular liquid-absorption column member with an inner-peripheral face constituting an evaporating surface for humidifying liquid dis-posed generally contiguously and coextensive with a substantial part of said cartridge main body and said lower end portion adapted and constructed to be wetted directly by the humidifying liquid when liquid is in said lower end portion, and to convey by capillary action the liquid upwardly of said absorption means and onto said evaporating surface;
(e) a fluid level sensing tube positioned in said humid-ifier cartridge module adjacent to said central tubular liquid absorption column and extending from near the bottom of said humidifier cartridge module to said upper end portion cap means;
(f) said upper end portion cap means of said humidifier cartridge module means of paragraph (b) together with a portion of said main body providing an air space above the humidifying liquid level in said lower end portion of said paragraph (c) when liquid is in said lower end portion;
(g) said cap means including a breathable gas inlet feed pipe for directing gas to be humidified into said module and terminating in said main body;
(h) said cap means further including an outwardly pro-jecting humidified breathable gas outlet delivery pipe in fluid communication with said air space, said delivery pipe adapted to be connected with an output delivery tube;
(i) a disposable reservoir of aseptic liquid sealed therein, said disposable reservoir having a liquid outlet pipe, means for detachably mounting said reservoir externally of said module means and liquid inlet means adapted to fluidly connect via conduit means with said liquid outlet means of said external reservoir of aseptic liquid with said mod-ule means wherein said conduit means comprises a first tubular member having a check valve positioned therein, one end of said tubular member connected to the liquid outlet of said reservoir, the other end of said tubular member connecting to the inlet of said module, a second tubular conduit having a check valve therein, one end of said second tubular conduit connecting said level sensing tube in said upper end portion cap means, the other end of said second tubular member connecting through said check valve to the upper portion of said reservoir of aseptic liquid.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the check valve in said first conduit is of sufficient size to close said conduit and prevent back flow of water from said module to said reservoir.
12. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the check valve in said second conduit is of sufficient size to close said conduit and prevent back flow of air from said reservoir to the upper end portion cap means of said module.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US41062682A | 1982-08-23 | 1982-08-23 | |
| US410,626 | 1982-08-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1202862A true CA1202862A (en) | 1986-04-08 |
Family
ID=23625535
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000435036A Expired CA1202862A (en) | 1982-08-23 | 1983-08-22 | Pediatric cartridge humidifier |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5985669A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU552137B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE897573A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8304497A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1202862A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3329926A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK165486C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES525080A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2531867B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2126102B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX159625A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL185652C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE454950B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA835856B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11129956B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2021-09-28 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Usability features for respiratory humidification system |
| US11324911B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2022-05-10 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Flow mixers for respiratory therapy systems |
| US11351332B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2022-06-07 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Sensing arrangements for medical devices |
| US11559653B2 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2023-01-24 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Respiratory humidification system |
| US11801360B2 (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2023-10-31 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Connections for humidification system |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3620066A1 (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-01-02 | Kendall & Co | DEVICE FOR DELIVERING LIQUID |
| US6988497B2 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2006-01-24 | Medex Cardio-Pulmonary, Inc. | Apparatus for equalizing air pressure in air respiratory system |
| DE10310462B4 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2017-01-05 | Löwenstein Medical Technology S.A. | Apparatus for ventilation |
| US7228859B2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2007-06-12 | Teleflex Medical Incorporated | Pressure venting circuit for respiratory humidification apparatus |
| IT201700089366A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-03 | Deas S R L | KIT FOR AUTOMATIC FILLING OF ROOM WATER FOR HUMIDIFICATION OF AIR FLOWS FOR VENTILATORY THERAPIES. |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3771721A (en) * | 1972-09-06 | 1973-11-13 | Respiratory Care | Nebulizer |
| CH568616A5 (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-10-31 | Siemens Ag Albis | |
| CH581474A5 (en) * | 1974-06-27 | 1976-11-15 | Draegerwerk Ag | |
| US4110419A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1978-08-29 | Respiratory Care, Inc. | High-volume disposable and semi-disposable cartridge humidifier with self-contained cartridge sterilizing means, and related method |
| US4195044A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1980-03-25 | Respiratory Care, Inc. | Humidifier-nebulizer |
| US4172105A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1979-10-23 | Respiratory Care, Inc. | Pediatric cartridge humidifier |
| GB2074833A (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-11-11 | Raper J F | Supplying liquid to constant level in containers |
-
1983
- 1983-08-09 ZA ZA835856A patent/ZA835856B/en unknown
- 1983-08-17 NL NLAANVRAGE8302894,A patent/NL185652C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-18 MX MX198436A patent/MX159625A/en unknown
- 1983-08-19 DE DE19833329926 patent/DE3329926A1/en active Granted
- 1983-08-19 BR BR8304497A patent/BR8304497A/en unknown
- 1983-08-22 ES ES525080A patent/ES525080A0/en active Granted
- 1983-08-22 CA CA000435036A patent/CA1202862A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-22 BE BE0/211387A patent/BE897573A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-22 FR FR8313553A patent/FR2531867B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-23 GB GB08322609A patent/GB2126102B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-23 AU AU18310/83A patent/AU552137B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-08-23 SE SE8304555A patent/SE454950B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-23 DK DK386283A patent/DK165486C/en active
- 1983-08-23 JP JP58154007A patent/JPS5985669A/en active Granted
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11129956B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2021-09-28 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Usability features for respiratory humidification system |
| US11878093B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2024-01-23 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Usability features for respiratory humidification system |
| US11801360B2 (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2023-10-31 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Connections for humidification system |
| US11559653B2 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2023-01-24 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Respiratory humidification system |
| US11324911B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2022-05-10 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Flow mixers for respiratory therapy systems |
| US11712536B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2023-08-01 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Flow mixers for respiratory therapy systems |
| US11351332B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2022-06-07 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Sensing arrangements for medical devices |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2531867A1 (en) | 1984-02-24 |
| ES8501631A1 (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| MX159625A (en) | 1989-07-10 |
| SE8304555D0 (en) | 1983-08-23 |
| SE454950B (en) | 1988-06-13 |
| ZA835856B (en) | 1985-03-27 |
| DE3329926C2 (en) | 1989-10-26 |
| NL185652B (en) | 1990-01-16 |
| DE3329926A1 (en) | 1984-02-23 |
| BR8304497A (en) | 1984-04-03 |
| GB8322609D0 (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| GB2126102B (en) | 1986-09-24 |
| AU1831083A (en) | 1984-03-01 |
| AU552137B2 (en) | 1986-05-22 |
| JPS6345832B2 (en) | 1988-09-12 |
| DK165486B (en) | 1992-12-07 |
| DK386283D0 (en) | 1983-08-23 |
| JPS5985669A (en) | 1984-05-17 |
| NL8302894A (en) | 1984-03-16 |
| DK386283A (en) | 1984-02-24 |
| FR2531867B1 (en) | 1988-10-28 |
| GB2126102A (en) | 1984-03-21 |
| ES525080A0 (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| SE8304555L (en) | 1984-02-24 |
| NL185652C (en) | 1990-06-18 |
| BE897573A (en) | 1984-02-22 |
| DK165486C (en) | 1993-04-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |