CA1198328A - Water heater - Google Patents
Water heaterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1198328A CA1198328A CA000414726A CA414726A CA1198328A CA 1198328 A CA1198328 A CA 1198328A CA 000414726 A CA000414726 A CA 000414726A CA 414726 A CA414726 A CA 414726A CA 1198328 A CA1198328 A CA 1198328A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- flue
- tank
- combustion chamber
- opening
- water heater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A water heater is described which has a water tank having a water inlet, a water outlet, and an opening in a sidewall of the tank. A combustion chamber assembly has a submergible portion which is adapted to be received within the-opening in the tank sidewall. The combustion chamber assembly has a mounting flange for detachably engaging a tank mounting flange for mounting the assembly within the tank. The combustion chamber assembly is provided with curved fire tubes each of which has one end which communicates with one end of the combustion chamber and another end which communicates through the mounting flange with the tank exterior, the fire tubes extending generally along the length of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber assembly is removable from the tank by detaching the mounting flanges and sliding the assembly out of the tank opening.
Description
3L~9l~3~3 The present invention relates generally to gas/oil fired commercial and residential water heaters and specifically to a gas/oil fired water heater having a replaceable submerged combus-tion chamber assembly with curved fire tubes which is submergible in the water heater tank.
In conventional gas/oil fired water heaters, hot gas flows through a series of vertically mounted tubes which are mounted in vertical fashion between top and bottom support plates within the water heater tank. Water flows into and out of a chamber located between the support plates and contacts and cir-culates about the exterior of the vertical tubes to effect heat transfer to heat the water.
Typical prior art gas/oil fired water heaters featured non-pressurized external combustion chambers. The location of the combustion chamber on the exterior of the water heater results in lost heat and lower combustion efficiency. The tubes and sup-port plates were not easily accessible and required disassembly oE the entire tank for maintenance and replacement.
There has existed a need Eor a gas/oil fired water heater design with a replaceable submerged combustion chamber assembly which could be easily replaced if maintenance was required without disassembly of the entire device.
There has also existed a need for a water heater design which minimizes the internal stress on the submerged combustion chamber fire tubes to provide longer operating life and reduced maintenance requirements.
A need has also existed for a water heater with a sub-1~
~1~832~;~
mergible, pressuxized combustion chamber so that all combustiontakes place in the water heater tank interior in a chamber sur-rounded by water for virtually zero heat loss and increased efficiency.
According to the present invention, there is provided a gas or oil fired water heater, which comprises: a closed tank normally containing water under pressure and having a top, a bottom, a sidewall extending between said top and bottom, a water inlet, a water outlet and an op~ning in said sidewall; a combustion chamber assembly having a submergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion with multiple external heating surfaces, said combustion chamber portion normally extending through said side-wall opening of said closed tank so that all of said heating sur-faces are submerged in said water under pressure; said combustion chamber assembly including means for readily removing same from and installing same in said opening, said means comprising a mounting portion for detachably but sealingly engaging said tank opening; said combustion chamber portion comprising a substan tially cylindrical body portion havin~ an open end located adjacent said mounting portion which communicates with the exterior of said water tank and a closed end at the opposite end of said body portion; said multiple external heating surfaces including a multiplicity of substantially U-shaped fire tubes of subs-tantially smaller diameter than and spaced equidistantly about the en-tire periphery of said body portion, each of said fire tubes having a long leg and a short leg; said short leg of each of said fire tubes extending through said closed end of said body portion to 33~
communicate with the interior of said combustion chamber portion at said closed end; said long leg of each of said fire tubes extending adjacent said body portion through said mounting por-tion to the exterior of said water tank; a flue collector mounted on the exterior of said water tank and having a flue opening there-in which communicates with said open end of said body portion, said flue collector having an annular chamber surrounding sai flue opening and separated therefrom, said annular chamber com-municating with said long leg of each of said fire -tubes, said annular chamber having a flue outlet therein; and a :Eorced draft burner mounted on the exterior of said water tank and communi-cating with said combustion chamber opening for causing combus-tion to take place within said body portion of said swbmergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion so that substantially all combustion -takes place within said water tank to minimize heat loss.
The moun-ting portion may comprise a first mounting flange connected to and extending about the periphery of the open end of the combustion chamber body portion.
The invention will now be described in greater detail wi.th reference -2a-3~1~
to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of the water heater of the invention showing the parts in exploded fashion; and Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view to a reduced scale showing the operation of the water heater of Figure 1.
Turning to Figure 1, there is shown a water heater of the present in-vention designated generally as 11. The water heater 11 includes a water tank 13 of the type having a water inlet 15, a water outlet 17, and an opening 19 in a sidewall 21 of the tank 13. Tank 13 can be of the conventional flanged and dish design and have a top 25 ~shown broken away), and a bottom 23 which is adapted to stand or be supported in vertical fashion on a support area 27. The interior 29 of tank 13 is empty in the disassembled state sho~ in Figure 1 and forms a water chamber for circulation of water passing into water inlet 15 and out of water outlet 17.
A combustion chamber assembly designated generally as 31 in Figure 1 has a submergible portion which is adapted to be received within opening 19 in tank 13. The submergible portion of the assembly includes a submergible com-bustion chamber portion 33 adapted to be received within the tank opening 19.
Submergible combustion chamber portion 33 comprises a cylindrioal elongated mcmber having an open end 35 and having an opposite closed end 37. The combus-tion chamber assembly 31 also includes a mounting portion for detachably engag-ing the tank opening 19 for mounting the assembly 31 within the tank. The mount-ing portion can conveniently comprise a tube mounting flange 39 located adjace~t and connected to ~he combustion chamber open end 35 as shown in Figure 1. The tube mounting flange 39 is a ring like body having an opening in the central part thereof which opening coincides with the opening in open end 35 of combus-tion chamber 33. Flange 39 is securely affixed to chamber 33 as by welding or 3~
the like.
As seen in Figure 1, the combustion chamber assembly 31 also includes a plurality of curved fire tubes 41 each of which has an end 43 which communicates with combustion chamber 33 through closed end 37 ~see Figure 2) and which has an opposite end 45 which extends through the opening 19 when in place on tank 13 to the tank exterior. Each of curved tubes 41 is characterized in that at least a a portion 47 o~ the length thereof is generally U-shaped. The configuration shown in Figure 1 has a combustion chamber 33 which extends substantially the length of the curved Eire tubes 41 creating a long leg 49 running along the ex-terior of the combustion chamber 33 and separated by ~-shaped portion 47 from a short leg 51 ~see Figure 2) which joins and extends through closed end 37. It will be understood that the length of combustion chamber 33 can be varied such as by shortening the length of the chamber, in which case the length of leg 51 of tubes 41 would be increased.
The ends 45 of curved tubes 41, as shown in Figure 1, preferably ex-tend to the tube mounting flange 39 and communicate through ~lange 39 by means of openings 53 with the tank exterior when the assembly 31 is received within the opening 19. The tube ends 45 are fixedly secured to flange 39 as by brazing the tube ends on the front and back sides of flange 3g. Although a small number of curved tubes 41 are shown in Figure 1 for simplicity, a greater number of tubes and openings can be used iJI practice. Although steel can be used in con-structing the curved tubes 41, other acceptable materials include copper, 90 - 10 copper-nickel allcy, titanium, and stainless steel.
The combustion chamber assembly 31 can be mounted on the tank 13 by providing a tank mounting flange 55 comprising a cylindrical ring which is flxedly connected to the tank exterior so as ~o circumscribe the opening 19 in tank 13 and to extend outwardly therefrom generally no~nal to the vertical side-~83;~
walls 21 of tank 13. The end area 57 of tank moun~ing flange 55 can be provided with a plurality of threaded bores 59 which are suitably spaced and alignable with matching bores 61 in tube flange 39 whereby the fire tube assembly 31 can be bolted to the tank mowlting flange 55. In this way, the combustion chamber as-sembly 31 is removable from the water tank 13 by detaching the tube mounting flange 31 and sli.ding the assembly out of the opening 19. Because of the ar-rangement of opening 19 in the vertical sidewall 21 of the tank 13, the combus-tion chamber assembly 31 is mounted in a horizontal fashion with the longitudi-nal axis of the assembly 31 parallel to the plane of the support area 27.
As shown in Figure 1, a flue collector 63 is mounted on the tube mounting flange 39 and has an opening 65 which communi.cates with the combustion chamber portion 33 and an annular chamber 67 ~Figure 2~ which communicates with the fire tubes ~1 by means of openings 53 in flange 39. A circumferential lip 69 joins the base 71 of annular chamber 67 and is provided with a plurality of holes 73 which are alignable with bores 61 in flange 39 and threaded bores 59 in tank mounting flange 55 whereby flue collector 63 can be mounted on the ex-terior of the tank 13. Flue collector 63 has a flue outlet 75 which communi-cates with the interior of annular chamber 67 and which can be connected to a flue pipe for carrying away waste gas as will be presently described.
The opening 65 in flue collector 63 which co~nunicates with chamber 33, as seen in Figure 1~ is provided in a circular partition 77 formed in the internal diameter 79 of the exterior portion of annular chamber 71. Partition 77 can be provided with a plurality of threaded lugs 81 which are fixed about the circumference of opening 65 and extend outwardly in normal relation thereto.
A suitab].e heat source such as a burner means is mounted on the flue collector 63 and comm~micates with the flue collector opening 65 for supplying heat to tank 13.
~83~3 The heat source, as shown in Figure 1 and 2, can comprise a burner nozzle 83 from a forced draft burner which has a circumferential ring 85 provid-ed with a series of holes 87 which mate with and receive lugs 81 on partition 77 for bolting the nozzle 83 onto the flue collector 63. In this way, the noz~le burner opening 89 can communicate with the combustion chamber 33 whereby heat from the burner passes through the interior of the submerged combustion chamber 33 and through the fire tubes 41, into the annular chamber 67 of the flue col-lector 63, and out the flue outlet 75 to be exhausted. Preferably, the nozzle burner 83 is suitably constructed to work against a positive pressure.
The operation of the present water heater will now be described in greater detail. The water heater is first assembled by moun~ing the fire tube assembly 31 within opening 19 in tank 13. The bores 61 in fire tube flange 39 are aligned with the threaded bores S9 in tank flange 55 and the f]ue collector 63 is positioned over flange 39 with the flue outlet 75 directed upwardly with respect to the vertical sidewalls 21. The holes 73 in circumferential lip 69 of flue collector 63 are aligned with bores 61 and the flue collector 63 and fire tube flange 39 are bolted onto the tank flange 55. The nozzle burner 83 is then bolted into place on partition 77 in flue collector 63 and water is intro-duced into the tank interior 29 through water inlet 15. In the configuration shown in Figure 1, the burner is fired to introduce hot gas into the combustion chamber 33 to provide a positive pressure within chamber 33 with the flue gases passing out the curved fire tubes 41 and through the flue collector annular chamber 67 to the flue outlet 75 to be exhausted from the system. The burner 83 is switched off and on as needed to maintain the desired temperature level of the water contained in the tank in response to a conventional temperature con-trol circuit of the type known in the art and familiar to those in the water heater industry.
832~
Water heaters as distinguished from boilers and heat exchangers are limited by the ASME code ~o m~xi~lm internal pressure of approximately 160 psi or approximately 210~. A water heater was constructed as in Figure 1 using curved tubes made of copper. Gas was introduced into the system at approximate-ly 70F and heated by the nozzle burner 83 to approximately 2800F. The water temperature was monitored along with the stack or flue gas temperature exiting the stack from the flue outlet 75. A~ME standards allow a flue gas temperature as high as 480~ which correlates to a combustion efficiency of approximately 70%. The combustion efficiency is calculated by measuring the flue gas tempera-ture subtracting the ambient air temperature and measuring the C02 content of the flue gas. By using known charts, the combustion efficiency can be deter-mined. With the device shown in Figures 1 and 2 a combustion efficiency of 85%
has been achieved.
An invention has been provided with significant advantages. The pre-sent water heater has a submergible combustion chamber assembly ~hich can be easily removed for repair or replacement. Because of the curved fire tube de--sign and the absence of support plates, stress and corrosion are reduced. The resulting cooler flue gas temperature ~250F) allows the flue pipe diameter to be reduced, e.g., from approximately 6 inches for a 250,000 BTU water heater to approximately 3 - 4 inches. Because copper material is satisfactory in the instant application, water pipe co~per tubing of 1/~ to 2 inches in internal diameter can be obtained off the shelf and used for the curved fire tubes there-by reducing the cost of manufacturing specialized parts. The assembly is simple in design and inexpensive to manufacture since the copper curved fire tubes can be produced from commercially available stock pipe.
In conventional gas/oil fired water heaters, hot gas flows through a series of vertically mounted tubes which are mounted in vertical fashion between top and bottom support plates within the water heater tank. Water flows into and out of a chamber located between the support plates and contacts and cir-culates about the exterior of the vertical tubes to effect heat transfer to heat the water.
Typical prior art gas/oil fired water heaters featured non-pressurized external combustion chambers. The location of the combustion chamber on the exterior of the water heater results in lost heat and lower combustion efficiency. The tubes and sup-port plates were not easily accessible and required disassembly oE the entire tank for maintenance and replacement.
There has existed a need Eor a gas/oil fired water heater design with a replaceable submerged combustion chamber assembly which could be easily replaced if maintenance was required without disassembly of the entire device.
There has also existed a need for a water heater design which minimizes the internal stress on the submerged combustion chamber fire tubes to provide longer operating life and reduced maintenance requirements.
A need has also existed for a water heater with a sub-1~
~1~832~;~
mergible, pressuxized combustion chamber so that all combustiontakes place in the water heater tank interior in a chamber sur-rounded by water for virtually zero heat loss and increased efficiency.
According to the present invention, there is provided a gas or oil fired water heater, which comprises: a closed tank normally containing water under pressure and having a top, a bottom, a sidewall extending between said top and bottom, a water inlet, a water outlet and an op~ning in said sidewall; a combustion chamber assembly having a submergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion with multiple external heating surfaces, said combustion chamber portion normally extending through said side-wall opening of said closed tank so that all of said heating sur-faces are submerged in said water under pressure; said combustion chamber assembly including means for readily removing same from and installing same in said opening, said means comprising a mounting portion for detachably but sealingly engaging said tank opening; said combustion chamber portion comprising a substan tially cylindrical body portion havin~ an open end located adjacent said mounting portion which communicates with the exterior of said water tank and a closed end at the opposite end of said body portion; said multiple external heating surfaces including a multiplicity of substantially U-shaped fire tubes of subs-tantially smaller diameter than and spaced equidistantly about the en-tire periphery of said body portion, each of said fire tubes having a long leg and a short leg; said short leg of each of said fire tubes extending through said closed end of said body portion to 33~
communicate with the interior of said combustion chamber portion at said closed end; said long leg of each of said fire tubes extending adjacent said body portion through said mounting por-tion to the exterior of said water tank; a flue collector mounted on the exterior of said water tank and having a flue opening there-in which communicates with said open end of said body portion, said flue collector having an annular chamber surrounding sai flue opening and separated therefrom, said annular chamber com-municating with said long leg of each of said fire -tubes, said annular chamber having a flue outlet therein; and a :Eorced draft burner mounted on the exterior of said water tank and communi-cating with said combustion chamber opening for causing combus-tion to take place within said body portion of said swbmergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion so that substantially all combustion -takes place within said water tank to minimize heat loss.
The moun-ting portion may comprise a first mounting flange connected to and extending about the periphery of the open end of the combustion chamber body portion.
The invention will now be described in greater detail wi.th reference -2a-3~1~
to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of the water heater of the invention showing the parts in exploded fashion; and Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view to a reduced scale showing the operation of the water heater of Figure 1.
Turning to Figure 1, there is shown a water heater of the present in-vention designated generally as 11. The water heater 11 includes a water tank 13 of the type having a water inlet 15, a water outlet 17, and an opening 19 in a sidewall 21 of the tank 13. Tank 13 can be of the conventional flanged and dish design and have a top 25 ~shown broken away), and a bottom 23 which is adapted to stand or be supported in vertical fashion on a support area 27. The interior 29 of tank 13 is empty in the disassembled state sho~ in Figure 1 and forms a water chamber for circulation of water passing into water inlet 15 and out of water outlet 17.
A combustion chamber assembly designated generally as 31 in Figure 1 has a submergible portion which is adapted to be received within opening 19 in tank 13. The submergible portion of the assembly includes a submergible com-bustion chamber portion 33 adapted to be received within the tank opening 19.
Submergible combustion chamber portion 33 comprises a cylindrioal elongated mcmber having an open end 35 and having an opposite closed end 37. The combus-tion chamber assembly 31 also includes a mounting portion for detachably engag-ing the tank opening 19 for mounting the assembly 31 within the tank. The mount-ing portion can conveniently comprise a tube mounting flange 39 located adjace~t and connected to ~he combustion chamber open end 35 as shown in Figure 1. The tube mounting flange 39 is a ring like body having an opening in the central part thereof which opening coincides with the opening in open end 35 of combus-tion chamber 33. Flange 39 is securely affixed to chamber 33 as by welding or 3~
the like.
As seen in Figure 1, the combustion chamber assembly 31 also includes a plurality of curved fire tubes 41 each of which has an end 43 which communicates with combustion chamber 33 through closed end 37 ~see Figure 2) and which has an opposite end 45 which extends through the opening 19 when in place on tank 13 to the tank exterior. Each of curved tubes 41 is characterized in that at least a a portion 47 o~ the length thereof is generally U-shaped. The configuration shown in Figure 1 has a combustion chamber 33 which extends substantially the length of the curved Eire tubes 41 creating a long leg 49 running along the ex-terior of the combustion chamber 33 and separated by ~-shaped portion 47 from a short leg 51 ~see Figure 2) which joins and extends through closed end 37. It will be understood that the length of combustion chamber 33 can be varied such as by shortening the length of the chamber, in which case the length of leg 51 of tubes 41 would be increased.
The ends 45 of curved tubes 41, as shown in Figure 1, preferably ex-tend to the tube mounting flange 39 and communicate through ~lange 39 by means of openings 53 with the tank exterior when the assembly 31 is received within the opening 19. The tube ends 45 are fixedly secured to flange 39 as by brazing the tube ends on the front and back sides of flange 3g. Although a small number of curved tubes 41 are shown in Figure 1 for simplicity, a greater number of tubes and openings can be used iJI practice. Although steel can be used in con-structing the curved tubes 41, other acceptable materials include copper, 90 - 10 copper-nickel allcy, titanium, and stainless steel.
The combustion chamber assembly 31 can be mounted on the tank 13 by providing a tank mounting flange 55 comprising a cylindrical ring which is flxedly connected to the tank exterior so as ~o circumscribe the opening 19 in tank 13 and to extend outwardly therefrom generally no~nal to the vertical side-~83;~
walls 21 of tank 13. The end area 57 of tank moun~ing flange 55 can be provided with a plurality of threaded bores 59 which are suitably spaced and alignable with matching bores 61 in tube flange 39 whereby the fire tube assembly 31 can be bolted to the tank mowlting flange 55. In this way, the combustion chamber as-sembly 31 is removable from the water tank 13 by detaching the tube mounting flange 31 and sli.ding the assembly out of the opening 19. Because of the ar-rangement of opening 19 in the vertical sidewall 21 of the tank 13, the combus-tion chamber assembly 31 is mounted in a horizontal fashion with the longitudi-nal axis of the assembly 31 parallel to the plane of the support area 27.
As shown in Figure 1, a flue collector 63 is mounted on the tube mounting flange 39 and has an opening 65 which communi.cates with the combustion chamber portion 33 and an annular chamber 67 ~Figure 2~ which communicates with the fire tubes ~1 by means of openings 53 in flange 39. A circumferential lip 69 joins the base 71 of annular chamber 67 and is provided with a plurality of holes 73 which are alignable with bores 61 in flange 39 and threaded bores 59 in tank mounting flange 55 whereby flue collector 63 can be mounted on the ex-terior of the tank 13. Flue collector 63 has a flue outlet 75 which communi-cates with the interior of annular chamber 67 and which can be connected to a flue pipe for carrying away waste gas as will be presently described.
The opening 65 in flue collector 63 which co~nunicates with chamber 33, as seen in Figure 1~ is provided in a circular partition 77 formed in the internal diameter 79 of the exterior portion of annular chamber 71. Partition 77 can be provided with a plurality of threaded lugs 81 which are fixed about the circumference of opening 65 and extend outwardly in normal relation thereto.
A suitab].e heat source such as a burner means is mounted on the flue collector 63 and comm~micates with the flue collector opening 65 for supplying heat to tank 13.
~83~3 The heat source, as shown in Figure 1 and 2, can comprise a burner nozzle 83 from a forced draft burner which has a circumferential ring 85 provid-ed with a series of holes 87 which mate with and receive lugs 81 on partition 77 for bolting the nozzle 83 onto the flue collector 63. In this way, the noz~le burner opening 89 can communicate with the combustion chamber 33 whereby heat from the burner passes through the interior of the submerged combustion chamber 33 and through the fire tubes 41, into the annular chamber 67 of the flue col-lector 63, and out the flue outlet 75 to be exhausted. Preferably, the nozzle burner 83 is suitably constructed to work against a positive pressure.
The operation of the present water heater will now be described in greater detail. The water heater is first assembled by moun~ing the fire tube assembly 31 within opening 19 in tank 13. The bores 61 in fire tube flange 39 are aligned with the threaded bores S9 in tank flange 55 and the f]ue collector 63 is positioned over flange 39 with the flue outlet 75 directed upwardly with respect to the vertical sidewalls 21. The holes 73 in circumferential lip 69 of flue collector 63 are aligned with bores 61 and the flue collector 63 and fire tube flange 39 are bolted onto the tank flange 55. The nozzle burner 83 is then bolted into place on partition 77 in flue collector 63 and water is intro-duced into the tank interior 29 through water inlet 15. In the configuration shown in Figure 1, the burner is fired to introduce hot gas into the combustion chamber 33 to provide a positive pressure within chamber 33 with the flue gases passing out the curved fire tubes 41 and through the flue collector annular chamber 67 to the flue outlet 75 to be exhausted from the system. The burner 83 is switched off and on as needed to maintain the desired temperature level of the water contained in the tank in response to a conventional temperature con-trol circuit of the type known in the art and familiar to those in the water heater industry.
832~
Water heaters as distinguished from boilers and heat exchangers are limited by the ASME code ~o m~xi~lm internal pressure of approximately 160 psi or approximately 210~. A water heater was constructed as in Figure 1 using curved tubes made of copper. Gas was introduced into the system at approximate-ly 70F and heated by the nozzle burner 83 to approximately 2800F. The water temperature was monitored along with the stack or flue gas temperature exiting the stack from the flue outlet 75. A~ME standards allow a flue gas temperature as high as 480~ which correlates to a combustion efficiency of approximately 70%. The combustion efficiency is calculated by measuring the flue gas tempera-ture subtracting the ambient air temperature and measuring the C02 content of the flue gas. By using known charts, the combustion efficiency can be deter-mined. With the device shown in Figures 1 and 2 a combustion efficiency of 85%
has been achieved.
An invention has been provided with significant advantages. The pre-sent water heater has a submergible combustion chamber assembly ~hich can be easily removed for repair or replacement. Because of the curved fire tube de--sign and the absence of support plates, stress and corrosion are reduced. The resulting cooler flue gas temperature ~250F) allows the flue pipe diameter to be reduced, e.g., from approximately 6 inches for a 250,000 BTU water heater to approximately 3 - 4 inches. Because copper material is satisfactory in the instant application, water pipe co~per tubing of 1/~ to 2 inches in internal diameter can be obtained off the shelf and used for the curved fire tubes there-by reducing the cost of manufacturing specialized parts. The assembly is simple in design and inexpensive to manufacture since the copper curved fire tubes can be produced from commercially available stock pipe.
Claims (12)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A gas or oil fired water heater, which comprises: a closed tank normally containing water under pressure and having a top, a bottom, a sidewall extending between said top and bottom, a water inlet, a water outlet and an opening in said sidewall;
a combustion chamber assembly having a submergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion with multiple external heating sur-faces, said combustion chamber portion normally extending through said sidewall opening of said closed tank so that all of said heating surfaces are submerged in said water under pressure; said combustion chamber assembly including means for readily removing same from and installing same in said opening, said means compri-sing a mounting portion for detachably but sealingly engaging said tank opening; said combustion chamber portion comprising a substantially cylindrical body portion having an open end located adjacent said mounting portion which communicates with the ex-terior of said water tank and a closed end at the opposite end of said body portion; said multiple external heating surfaces including a multiplicity of substantially U-shaped fire tubes of substantially smaller diameter than and spaced equidistantly about the entire periphery of said body portion, each of said fire tubes having a long leg and a short leg; said short leg of each of said fire tubes extending through said closed end of said body portion to communicate with the interior of said combustion cham-ber portion at said closed end; said long leg of each of said fire tubes extending adjacent said body portion through said mounting portion to the exterior of said water tank; a flue col-lector mounted on the exterior of said water tank and having a flue opening therein which communicates with said open end of said body portion, said flue collector having an annular chamber surrounding said flue opening and separated therefrom, said annu-lar chamber communicating with said long leg of each of said fire tubes, said annular chamber having a flue outlet therein; and a forced draft burner mounted on the exterior of said water tank and communicating with said combustion chamber opening for caus-ing combustion to take place within said body portion of said sub-mergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion so that substan-tially all combustion takes place within said water tank to minimize heat loss.
a combustion chamber assembly having a submergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion with multiple external heating sur-faces, said combustion chamber portion normally extending through said sidewall opening of said closed tank so that all of said heating surfaces are submerged in said water under pressure; said combustion chamber assembly including means for readily removing same from and installing same in said opening, said means compri-sing a mounting portion for detachably but sealingly engaging said tank opening; said combustion chamber portion comprising a substantially cylindrical body portion having an open end located adjacent said mounting portion which communicates with the ex-terior of said water tank and a closed end at the opposite end of said body portion; said multiple external heating surfaces including a multiplicity of substantially U-shaped fire tubes of substantially smaller diameter than and spaced equidistantly about the entire periphery of said body portion, each of said fire tubes having a long leg and a short leg; said short leg of each of said fire tubes extending through said closed end of said body portion to communicate with the interior of said combustion cham-ber portion at said closed end; said long leg of each of said fire tubes extending adjacent said body portion through said mounting portion to the exterior of said water tank; a flue col-lector mounted on the exterior of said water tank and having a flue opening therein which communicates with said open end of said body portion, said flue collector having an annular chamber surrounding said flue opening and separated therefrom, said annu-lar chamber communicating with said long leg of each of said fire tubes, said annular chamber having a flue outlet therein; and a forced draft burner mounted on the exterior of said water tank and communicating with said combustion chamber opening for caus-ing combustion to take place within said body portion of said sub-mergible, pressurized combustion chamber portion so that substan-tially all combustion takes place within said water tank to minimize heat loss.
2. The water heater as set forth in claim 1, wherein said mounting portion comprises a first mounting flange connected to and extending about the periphery of said open end of said com-bustion chamber body portion.
3. The water heater as set forth in claim 2, wherein said opening in said tank includes a second mounting flange extending about the periphery thereof and having a plurality of threaded bores therein.
4. The water heater as set forth in claim 3, wherein said first mounting flange also includes a plurality of bores that are alignable with said threaded bores in said second mounting flange for removably receiving bolts therethrough.
5. The water heater as set forth in claim 4, wherein said flue collector further includes a circumferential lip extending about the periphery of said annular chamber, said lip including a plurality of holes which are alignable with said bores in said first mounting flange and said threaded bores in said second mounting flange for removably receiving said bolts therethrough to connect said flue collector to said combustion chamber assem-bly and to said opening.
6. The water heater as set forth in claim 1, wherein said flue collector includes a circular partition extending inwardly from the exterior of said annular chamber around said flue open-ing, said partition including mounting lugs thereon.
7. The water heater as set forth in claim 6, wherein said burner includes a nozzle for mounting through said flue opening and a ring extending about the circumference of said nozzle, said ring having a series of holes which mate with and receive said mounting lugs for connecting said burner to said flue collector.
8. The water heater as set forth in claim 5, wherein said flue collector includes a circular partition extending inwardly from the exterior of said annular chamber around said flue open-ing, said partition including mounting lugs thereon.
9. The water heater as set forth in claim 8, wherein said burner includes a nozzle for mounting through said flue opening and a ring extending about the circumference of said nozzle, said ring having a series of holes which mate with and receive said mounting lugs for connecting said burner to said flue collector.
10 .
10 .
10. The water heater as set forth in claim 1, wherein heat from said burner passes through said combustion chamber, through said fire tubes, into said flue collector, and out said flue outlet.
11. The water heater as set forth in claim 9, wherein heat from said burner passes through said combustion chamber, through said fire tubes, into said flue collector, and out said flue outlet.
12. The water heater as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said fire tubes include a curved portion connecting said short leg to said long leg.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36920782A | 1982-04-16 | 1982-04-16 | |
| US369,207 | 1982-04-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1198328A true CA1198328A (en) | 1985-12-24 |
Family
ID=23454533
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000414726A Expired CA1198328A (en) | 1982-04-16 | 1982-11-03 | Water heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1198328A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-11-03 CA CA000414726A patent/CA1198328A/en not_active Expired
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