CA1190310A - Switching device - Google Patents
Switching deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1190310A CA1190310A CA000413319A CA413319A CA1190310A CA 1190310 A CA1190310 A CA 1190310A CA 000413319 A CA000413319 A CA 000413319A CA 413319 A CA413319 A CA 413319A CA 1190310 A CA1190310 A CA 1190310A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- switchgear
- switching
- contacts
- selection
- electronic switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
Abstract
A b s t r a c t A switching device for opening and closing electrical circuits, in which, parallel to each contact, located in the main circuit to be switched, of a magnet-controlled switchgear, an electronic switch and a contact, serving as an isolator, of a further magnet-controlled auxiliary switchgear are connected in series, and there is a control device which connects through the electronic switch before any change in switching state of the magnet-controlled switchgear located in the main circuit and which then blocks it again, the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear which are in series with the electronic switch being closed, there being a central control unit which has for each of the switching elements (1, 1', 2, 2', 3) a separate selection circuit (16, 16', 17, 18, 18'), and these selection circuits comprise test loops connected to sensors monitoring the switching state of the switch-ing elements (1, 1', 2, 3) and/or their selection and are linked to one another preferably in dependence on commands transmitted from the central control unit (9).
Description
3~63 S _ ch1~ evic The inventicn relates to a switching device for opening and closing electrical circuits~ in which, paral-lel to each contact, located in the main circuit to be switched~ o~ a magnet-controlled switchgear~ an elec~
tronic switch and a contact~ ser~in~ as an isolator~ o~
a flrther magne-t-controlled auxiliary switchgear are con nected in series, and there is a central con-trol device which connects through the electronic switch before each change in switching state of the magnet-con-trolled switch~
gear located in the main circuit and which locks it again therea~ter; -the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear .
which are in series wi-th the electronic switch being closed.
A switching device of thîs type became known, for example~ ~rom U.S. Patent Specification 49251~845. In this known devicc~ the three switching elements are sel-ected via a series o:E auxiliary relays t the switching sequence o~ which iS prede-tarmined by contacts inser-ted in their selection circuits~ Here~ this selection is inPluenced, apart from by a switching-on or switching-off command, solely by an auxiliary corltact of ~the : ma~net--controlled swit~hgear located in the main circuit~
; ,. .
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-this auxilia:ry contact allowing the fur-ther progress of the switching sequence during both switching-on and swi-tching-off.
I~e disadvantage of this device is -that the switching-on time of the electronic switch has to be made relatively long because o~ -the tolerances o~ the opera-ting and releasing -times of the auxiliary relays, with the result that the electronic switch has to absorb a correspondingly large power loss and has to be chosen accordin~ly. Moreover, in the known case, when -the main circuit is opened -t~e switching sequence depends on releasing delays produced by capacitors cormected in parallel to the colls of auxillary relays, with the res~
ult that because of ch~lges in capacitance of -the capacitors during the operating -time there can arise f~ult~ switching operations which can lead to destruc-tion, especially of the electronic.switch.
The object of the invention is to propose a switching device of the type mentioned in the introduc-tion, in which faulty selection of the three switching elements is safely prevented.
This is achieved~ according to the invention9 due ta the fact that -there is a central con-trol unit which has for each of the switching elements a separate selec-tion circui-t~ ~md -these selection circui-ts comprise test loops connec-te~l to sensors monitoring the switching state of the switching elements and/or -their selection ~rld are linked to one another pre~erabl~ in dependence on the command transmitted from the central control unit.
~ ~9~ 3~ ~
It is thereby possible to proceed further in the switching sequerlce only as soon as the preceding sw.itch-ing command has been made. This also makes it pos-sible, however? to do away with safety in~tervals bet~een the individual switching steps~ such as are required in the kno~l case9 with the result that despite increased safety a reduction in the switching-on ti~e of the elec tronic switch is achieved~
It is especially appropria-te if, in order -to moni~
tor the position of the contacts of the magnet-contro.lled switchgear which are located in the main circuit, ~there is an auxiliary contact which ensures that the switching sequence is continued only when the contacts loca-ted in the main circuit are actually closed.
According to a further feature of -the invention, the switching state of the elect~onic switch is monitored by a sensor responding -to its control current) and the selection of the electronic switch is preferabl~ linked to that o~ the magnet-controlled auxiliary switchgear, and when the selection of the electron.ic switchgear has ended a signal is triggered, this signal ~triggering via a delay element a command -to open ~the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear~ This ensures tha-t~ as distinct .from the known solution according to U S. Patent Speci-fication 4,251,845, the elec-tronic switch .is isolated ~rom the main circuit at the mains~ In thi~ way9 the electronlc switch is very largely protected on the load side against t:he effect of surges or shor-t-circuits which can result in the contacts ~eing torn open because )3~ ~ .
of the current forces in -the region of the con-trac-tions of the current paths caused by the contact poînts, and under certain circumstances the arcs whic~ are formed may be extinguished and high induction vol~tages may con-sequen~tly arise.
The inven-tion is expla,ined in more detail with re~erence to the drawing, In this, Fi~lres 1 and 2 show diagrammatically -two different embodiments o~ a swîtching device according to the inven~tion ~or connect-ing a load to or diconnecting from a network with a phase sequence which is always the samey Figure 3 shows a switching device for co~necting or disconnecting a load wi-th a selective phase sequence~ Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a control unit for a switching device accord-ing, to Fi~ures 1 or 2, and Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a control unit for a switching device accord-ing the Figure 30 The magnetically controlled switchgear 1, 1I has contacts 4 ~hich are located in th~ main circuit and which control the connection of ~the mains terminals Llg L2, L3 -to the load 5~ Connec-ted in parallel to each of the contac-ts 4, 4' is a series connec-t.ion consisting o~ a contact 6~ 6'7 ac-ting as an isolator, of an auxili-ary switchgea:r 2~ 2', and an electronic switch 3 According to Figures 2 and 3, there are, ~o~
moni-toring the switching ~unction of the switchgears 1 1' or auxilia~y switchgears 2, 2' auxilia~y contacts 7, 7' and 8~ 8I respec-tively, which~ like the switchgear 1, 1~ and the auxiliary switchgears 2v 2' and the electronic ~ 3 swi-tch 3~ are connec~ted -to a cen-tral con-trol unit 9~
This control unit 9 is supplied from the mains via a phase Ll and the neutral conductor and is wired -to the conventional on-and-off but-tons 10, 10' and 11 res-pectively~ A fault-warning device 12 is likewise connected to the cen~tral control 9.
In the embodiment according to Figure 1, current transformers 13~ 14 are provided ~or monitoring ~the swi-tching .function of the switchgear 1 or the auxiliary swi-tchgear 2 and the elec~tronic switch 3~ and o.~ course current transformers can also be arranged in each phase to achieve more precise monitoring~
When, in the switching device according -to Fig-ures 1 or 2, a switching-on co~mand is transmitted to the central control unit 9 by pressing -the ON button 10, then after a tes-t 1QP has been passed through the selec-tion circuit for the auxiliary switchgear 2 is ac-tivated and the contacts 6 of the la-tter are closed. A~ter the return signal has arrived via the closin~ o~ ~the contacts ~ by means of the a~iliary con-tact 89 -the selec-tion circuit o~ the electronic switch 3 is ac-tivated and the latter is cor~ected throughO In -this way, the load 5 is connected -to the malns Ll, L2, L3 via the parallel current pa-th~ After tha~t, the selec~tion cir-cuit of the magnet-controlled switchgear 1 is activated, so tha-t the latter closes its contacts 4~
A~ter the return signal has arrived via the closing o~ ~the contacts 4 of the switchgear 1 by means o~ the auxilia~y contac-t 7 or the current-trans~ormer 13> -the electronic swi-tch 3 is blocked9 and thereafter the selection circuit of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is reset again so as to open the contac-ts 6 of -the au~
ary switchgear 2 again. Of course, instead of only one phase, all three phases can be monitored by current transformers 14.
When the OFF bu-tton co~lected in front oE the ON
bu-tton 10 is pressed, with the result that a swi-tching-off command triggered by pressing the OFF button has priorlty over a switching-on command~ then the selection circuit o~ the auxiliary switchgear 2 is activated and the contacts 6 are closed. After the return signal has been transmitted via the closure of the contacts 6, but at the latest after -the expiry of a speci~ic ~time~
-the selection circuit of the electronic switch 3 is activ-ated so that the latter passes into its conductive state.
As soon as ~he re~n s~gnal corre.sponding to ~e built through-connection of the electronic switch 3, arrives,but ~t the latest at the expiry of a specific time~ the selec-tion circuit of the swi-tchgear 1 is reset so as to open the contac~s 4~ When this has taken place~ the selec-tion circuit of the electronic switch 3 is reset, and the electronic switch 3 passes into its blocked state, the selection circuit o~ the electronic swi~ch 3 being reset at the la-test after the expiry of a specific time~
After the selection circuit of the electronic switch 3 has been reset, the selection circuit of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is then reset, so that its con-tacts 6 open and -the switching-of~ cycle is completed.
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In the embodiment accordi.rlg to Figure 3? the switching-on and switch.ing-of~ cycle takes place in the same way. Here, depending on whether t~e ON button 10 or 10' is pressed, the auxi-Liary swi~tchgear 2 or 2' is selected, as a further sequence of the switchgear 1 or 1', with closure of the con~tacts 6 or 6' and 4' or 4' respectively~
Be~ore the appropriate selection of ~the auxili-ary switchgear 2 or 2'~ however, a test is conducted in the test circuit as to whether none o~ the colls of the swi~chgears 1~ 1' and auxiliar~ switchgears 2, 2' is energised and none o~ the contacts 4, 4~ and 6', 6' is closedO Moreover, the selection circuits of -the au~iliary switchgears 2, 2' and the switchgears 1~ 1' are mu-tually locked, so that as soon as a switching-on signal arrives at the selection circuit of, for example, the auxiliary switchgear 2 a blocking signal is trans-mitted to the selection circuits of the auxiliary swi-tchgear 2' and the switchgear 1~, w.ith the result -that these can be activated only after a switching-of~ com mand and a subsequent switching-on command trigger~d by pressing the ON but-ton 10'.
~ y arranging the electronic switch 3 on the load .side of the auxiliar~ switchgears 2, 2' connected in parallelt it i.s possible.to make do with a single elec-tronic switch 3 for both parallel circuits to the ~tacts 4g 4' of the swi.tchgears 1, 11.
A block diagram o~ a central control unit 9 for a switching device according to Figures 1 or 2 is sho~
. - 8 -in Figure 4, a representa-tion of the vol-tage supply having been omi-tted.
The commands entered in the central con-trol unit via -the ON and OFF but-tons 10, 11 are s~tored in -the mem-ory 15, the output of which is connected to each of the selec-tion circu.its 16, 17, 18 which are each assigned to one o~ the switching elements of ~the switchgear9 specifically to the auxiliar~ switchgear 2, the electronic, switch 3 and the switchgear 1. Fur-thermore~ ~the out-put of the memory 15 is also connected to a test circuit l9o ' :. , The test circuit 19 is also connected, moreover, to a sensor ZO responding to a current flow through the coil o~ the magnet controlled switchgear 19 a sensor monitoring -the posi-tion of the contacts 4 of the switch-gear 1~ for example a sensor 79 13 connected to an a~xiliary contact 7 or a current-trans~ormer 13, and a sensor 21 which monitors ~the switching state o~ the elec~
tronic switc.h 3 and which responds, for example, to -the supply of the igniti.on electrode o~ the electronic switch ~ and/or also to a current flow through the parallel -circuit. The test circuit 19 also receives signals from the sensor 22 responding to -the curren-t flow through ~he coil o~ the auxil.iary swi-tchgear 2 and from a sensor 23 moni-toring the switching state of the contac-ts 6.
When a switching-on command reaches the test circuit 19, the latter transmits a switching command to the selection circuit 16 of the auxiliary switchgear 2, i~ no current flows through the coils of the switchgear 1 or the auxiliary switchgear 2 and their contacts 4 or 6 repsectively are in the open position and the elec-tronic switch 3 is also in its blocked state.
If this is not so, the switching-on command to the selection circuit 16 of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is disconnected, and a signal for activating the fault warning circuit 24 is transmitted.
The switching-on command to the selection cir-cuit 16 is simultaneously applied to a resettable timing element 25 which is connected to a resetting input of the selection circuit 16 and which, after the end of its operating time, transmits a signal to the resetting input of the selection circuit 16 so as to reset this again.
At the same time, this signal also activates the fault warning circuit 24 which controls, for example, the lamp 12.
However, operation of the timing element 25, which is also connected to the sensor 23 monitoring the contacts 6 of the auxiliary switchgear 2, is discontin-ued if the closing of the contacts 6 is signalled within the operating time of the timing element 25.
As soon as the closing of the contacts 6 of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is signalled to the selection circuit 16 connected to the sensor 23, this selection circuit transmits a switching-on command to the selec-tion circuit 17 controlling the electronic switch 3, this switching-on command being delayed via a timing element 26 so as to prevent through-connection of the electronic switch 3 during any rebound of the contacts 3~L~
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6. When the switching-on command from the selec-tion circuit 16 arrives at the selection circuit 17 connected to the sensors 7, 13 and 21 as well as 23, this tests whether the contacts 4 are still open? bu-t the contac-ts 6 are closed I~ this is -the case9 the control elec-trode o~ the electronic switch 3 is subjected to igni-tion pulses or a continuous signal and is thus kept in -the connected-through sta-te~ If the above condi-tions are not satisfiedt the control electrodes o~ the elec-tronic switch 3 cease to be so subjected, and ~the fault warning circuit 24 is activated. At the same time, a command to open the contacts 6 is given to the selection circui-t 16 of the auxiliary switchgear 2.
The fault-warning circuit 24 is activated and the command to open the contacts 6 is transmitted to the selection circuit 16 even when signals do not arrive at the con-trol electrode of -the electronic switch 3 within a specific time a~ter the arrival of ~the switching-on signal in the selection circui-t 17 or even when no current flows in the parallel circuit, this being mo~it-ored by the sensor 21 connected to the selection circuit 17. In this case, resetting o~ the selection circuit 17 also takes place~
I.*, on the other hand, a sign~l corresponding to the proper through-connection~of the electronic switch 3 arrives ~rom the sensor 21, the selection circuit 17 transmits a switching signal to the selectio~ circuit 18 which is assi~led to -the switchge~r 1, the swi-tchgear 1 being s-tressed towards closure of the contacts ~ as a ~f~ 3~ ~
result o~ the switchin@-on signal coming from the memory 15. At the same time, this signal arrives at a rese-t-table timing element 27 3 -the output of which is connected to a resetting input of the se~Lection circuit 18 and the fault-warning circuit 24. ~len a signal correspond ing to the closed contacts 4 of the switchgear 1 reaches the timing el~men-t 27 within the operating time o~ the timing element 27, the la-tter is reset and ~there is no transmission o~ a resetting signal to the selection cir-cuit 18 and a signal ~or activating the ~aul~t warning circuit 24.
In the opposlte case, resetting of the select;ion circui-t 18 and activation of the ~a~lt-warning circuit 24 take place and, via the timing element Z8 which i.s connec-ted to the output o~ the timing element 2~ and -to a resettin~ input o~ the selection circuit 17~ resetting of the selection circui-t 17, with the result that the electronic switch ~ passes into the blocked state~
I~, however, a signal corr~sponding t:o the closed con~acts 4 arrives at the timing element 27 and the selec--tion circuit 18 in due time, the latter transmits to the selec-tion circui~ 17 a command to block the elec-tronic swi-~ch 3.~ .
As soon as the retu~ signal ~rom -the sensor 21 arrives, via the blocking o~ the electronic switch 3~ at the control circuit 17 7 the latter transmits to th~
selec-tion circ:uit 16, ~ia the timing elemenJ; ~6, a sig nal to o~en the contacts 6 of the auxiliary switchgear
tronic switch and a contact~ ser~in~ as an isolator~ o~
a flrther magne-t-controlled auxiliary switchgear are con nected in series, and there is a central con-trol device which connects through the electronic switch before each change in switching state of the magnet-con-trolled switch~
gear located in the main circuit and which locks it again therea~ter; -the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear .
which are in series wi-th the electronic switch being closed.
A switching device of thîs type became known, for example~ ~rom U.S. Patent Specification 49251~845. In this known devicc~ the three switching elements are sel-ected via a series o:E auxiliary relays t the switching sequence o~ which iS prede-tarmined by contacts inser-ted in their selection circuits~ Here~ this selection is inPluenced, apart from by a switching-on or switching-off command, solely by an auxiliary corltact of ~the : ma~net--controlled swit~hgear located in the main circuit~
; ,. .
~9~3~L~
-this auxilia:ry contact allowing the fur-ther progress of the switching sequence during both switching-on and swi-tching-off.
I~e disadvantage of this device is -that the switching-on time of the electronic switch has to be made relatively long because o~ -the tolerances o~ the opera-ting and releasing -times of the auxiliary relays, with the result that the electronic switch has to absorb a correspondingly large power loss and has to be chosen accordin~ly. Moreover, in the known case, when -the main circuit is opened -t~e switching sequence depends on releasing delays produced by capacitors cormected in parallel to the colls of auxillary relays, with the res~
ult that because of ch~lges in capacitance of -the capacitors during the operating -time there can arise f~ult~ switching operations which can lead to destruc-tion, especially of the electronic.switch.
The object of the invention is to propose a switching device of the type mentioned in the introduc-tion, in which faulty selection of the three switching elements is safely prevented.
This is achieved~ according to the invention9 due ta the fact that -there is a central con-trol unit which has for each of the switching elements a separate selec-tion circui-t~ ~md -these selection circui-ts comprise test loops connec-te~l to sensors monitoring the switching state of the switching elements and/or -their selection ~rld are linked to one another pre~erabl~ in dependence on the command transmitted from the central control unit.
~ ~9~ 3~ ~
It is thereby possible to proceed further in the switching sequerlce only as soon as the preceding sw.itch-ing command has been made. This also makes it pos-sible, however? to do away with safety in~tervals bet~een the individual switching steps~ such as are required in the kno~l case9 with the result that despite increased safety a reduction in the switching-on ti~e of the elec tronic switch is achieved~
It is especially appropria-te if, in order -to moni~
tor the position of the contacts of the magnet-contro.lled switchgear which are located in the main circuit, ~there is an auxiliary contact which ensures that the switching sequence is continued only when the contacts loca-ted in the main circuit are actually closed.
According to a further feature of -the invention, the switching state of the elect~onic switch is monitored by a sensor responding -to its control current) and the selection of the electronic switch is preferabl~ linked to that o~ the magnet-controlled auxiliary switchgear, and when the selection of the electron.ic switchgear has ended a signal is triggered, this signal ~triggering via a delay element a command -to open ~the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear~ This ensures tha-t~ as distinct .from the known solution according to U S. Patent Speci-fication 4,251,845, the elec-tronic switch .is isolated ~rom the main circuit at the mains~ In thi~ way9 the electronlc switch is very largely protected on the load side against t:he effect of surges or shor-t-circuits which can result in the contacts ~eing torn open because )3~ ~ .
of the current forces in -the region of the con-trac-tions of the current paths caused by the contact poînts, and under certain circumstances the arcs whic~ are formed may be extinguished and high induction vol~tages may con-sequen~tly arise.
The inven-tion is expla,ined in more detail with re~erence to the drawing, In this, Fi~lres 1 and 2 show diagrammatically -two different embodiments o~ a swîtching device according to the inven~tion ~or connect-ing a load to or diconnecting from a network with a phase sequence which is always the samey Figure 3 shows a switching device for co~necting or disconnecting a load wi-th a selective phase sequence~ Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a control unit for a switching device accord-ing, to Fi~ures 1 or 2, and Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a control unit for a switching device accord-ing the Figure 30 The magnetically controlled switchgear 1, 1I has contacts 4 ~hich are located in th~ main circuit and which control the connection of ~the mains terminals Llg L2, L3 -to the load 5~ Connec-ted in parallel to each of the contac-ts 4, 4' is a series connec-t.ion consisting o~ a contact 6~ 6'7 ac-ting as an isolator, of an auxili-ary switchgea:r 2~ 2', and an electronic switch 3 According to Figures 2 and 3, there are, ~o~
moni-toring the switching ~unction of the switchgears 1 1' or auxilia~y switchgears 2, 2' auxilia~y contacts 7, 7' and 8~ 8I respec-tively, which~ like the switchgear 1, 1~ and the auxiliary switchgears 2v 2' and the electronic ~ 3 swi-tch 3~ are connec~ted -to a cen-tral con-trol unit 9~
This control unit 9 is supplied from the mains via a phase Ll and the neutral conductor and is wired -to the conventional on-and-off but-tons 10, 10' and 11 res-pectively~ A fault-warning device 12 is likewise connected to the cen~tral control 9.
In the embodiment according to Figure 1, current transformers 13~ 14 are provided ~or monitoring ~the swi-tching .function of the switchgear 1 or the auxiliary swi-tchgear 2 and the elec~tronic switch 3~ and o.~ course current transformers can also be arranged in each phase to achieve more precise monitoring~
When, in the switching device according -to Fig-ures 1 or 2, a switching-on co~mand is transmitted to the central control unit 9 by pressing -the ON button 10, then after a tes-t 1QP has been passed through the selec-tion circuit for the auxiliary switchgear 2 is ac-tivated and the contacts 6 of the la-tter are closed. A~ter the return signal has arrived via the closin~ o~ ~the contacts ~ by means of the a~iliary con-tact 89 -the selec-tion circuit o~ the electronic switch 3 is ac-tivated and the latter is cor~ected throughO In -this way, the load 5 is connected -to the malns Ll, L2, L3 via the parallel current pa-th~ After tha~t, the selec~tion cir-cuit of the magnet-controlled switchgear 1 is activated, so tha-t the latter closes its contacts 4~
A~ter the return signal has arrived via the closing o~ ~the contacts 4 of the switchgear 1 by means o~ the auxilia~y contac-t 7 or the current-trans~ormer 13> -the electronic swi-tch 3 is blocked9 and thereafter the selection circuit of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is reset again so as to open the contac-ts 6 of -the au~
ary switchgear 2 again. Of course, instead of only one phase, all three phases can be monitored by current transformers 14.
When the OFF bu-tton co~lected in front oE the ON
bu-tton 10 is pressed, with the result that a swi-tching-off command triggered by pressing the OFF button has priorlty over a switching-on command~ then the selection circuit o~ the auxiliary switchgear 2 is activated and the contacts 6 are closed. After the return signal has been transmitted via the closure of the contacts 6, but at the latest after -the expiry of a speci~ic ~time~
-the selection circuit of the electronic switch 3 is activ-ated so that the latter passes into its conductive state.
As soon as ~he re~n s~gnal corre.sponding to ~e built through-connection of the electronic switch 3, arrives,but ~t the latest at the expiry of a specific time~ the selec-tion circuit of the swi-tchgear 1 is reset so as to open the contac~s 4~ When this has taken place~ the selec-tion circuit of the electronic switch 3 is reset, and the electronic switch 3 passes into its blocked state, the selection circuit o~ the electronic swi~ch 3 being reset at the la-test after the expiry of a specific time~
After the selection circuit of the electronic switch 3 has been reset, the selection circuit of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is then reset, so that its con-tacts 6 open and -the switching-of~ cycle is completed.
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In the embodiment accordi.rlg to Figure 3? the switching-on and switch.ing-of~ cycle takes place in the same way. Here, depending on whether t~e ON button 10 or 10' is pressed, the auxi-Liary swi~tchgear 2 or 2' is selected, as a further sequence of the switchgear 1 or 1', with closure of the con~tacts 6 or 6' and 4' or 4' respectively~
Be~ore the appropriate selection of ~the auxili-ary switchgear 2 or 2'~ however, a test is conducted in the test circuit as to whether none o~ the colls of the swi~chgears 1~ 1' and auxiliar~ switchgears 2, 2' is energised and none o~ the contacts 4, 4~ and 6', 6' is closedO Moreover, the selection circuits of -the au~iliary switchgears 2, 2' and the switchgears 1~ 1' are mu-tually locked, so that as soon as a switching-on signal arrives at the selection circuit of, for example, the auxiliary switchgear 2 a blocking signal is trans-mitted to the selection circuits of the auxiliary swi-tchgear 2' and the switchgear 1~, w.ith the result -that these can be activated only after a switching-of~ com mand and a subsequent switching-on command trigger~d by pressing the ON but-ton 10'.
~ y arranging the electronic switch 3 on the load .side of the auxiliar~ switchgears 2, 2' connected in parallelt it i.s possible.to make do with a single elec-tronic switch 3 for both parallel circuits to the ~tacts 4g 4' of the swi.tchgears 1, 11.
A block diagram o~ a central control unit 9 for a switching device according to Figures 1 or 2 is sho~
. - 8 -in Figure 4, a representa-tion of the vol-tage supply having been omi-tted.
The commands entered in the central con-trol unit via -the ON and OFF but-tons 10, 11 are s~tored in -the mem-ory 15, the output of which is connected to each of the selec-tion circu.its 16, 17, 18 which are each assigned to one o~ the switching elements of ~the switchgear9 specifically to the auxiliar~ switchgear 2, the electronic, switch 3 and the switchgear 1. Fur-thermore~ ~the out-put of the memory 15 is also connected to a test circuit l9o ' :. , The test circuit 19 is also connected, moreover, to a sensor ZO responding to a current flow through the coil o~ the magnet controlled switchgear 19 a sensor monitoring -the posi-tion of the contacts 4 of the switch-gear 1~ for example a sensor 79 13 connected to an a~xiliary contact 7 or a current-trans~ormer 13, and a sensor 21 which monitors ~the switching state o~ the elec~
tronic switc.h 3 and which responds, for example, to -the supply of the igniti.on electrode o~ the electronic switch ~ and/or also to a current flow through the parallel -circuit. The test circuit 19 also receives signals from the sensor 22 responding to -the curren-t flow through ~he coil o~ the auxil.iary swi-tchgear 2 and from a sensor 23 moni-toring the switching state of the contac-ts 6.
When a switching-on command reaches the test circuit 19, the latter transmits a switching command to the selection circuit 16 of the auxiliary switchgear 2, i~ no current flows through the coils of the switchgear 1 or the auxiliary switchgear 2 and their contacts 4 or 6 repsectively are in the open position and the elec-tronic switch 3 is also in its blocked state.
If this is not so, the switching-on command to the selection circuit 16 of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is disconnected, and a signal for activating the fault warning circuit 24 is transmitted.
The switching-on command to the selection cir-cuit 16 is simultaneously applied to a resettable timing element 25 which is connected to a resetting input of the selection circuit 16 and which, after the end of its operating time, transmits a signal to the resetting input of the selection circuit 16 so as to reset this again.
At the same time, this signal also activates the fault warning circuit 24 which controls, for example, the lamp 12.
However, operation of the timing element 25, which is also connected to the sensor 23 monitoring the contacts 6 of the auxiliary switchgear 2, is discontin-ued if the closing of the contacts 6 is signalled within the operating time of the timing element 25.
As soon as the closing of the contacts 6 of the auxiliary switchgear 2 is signalled to the selection circuit 16 connected to the sensor 23, this selection circuit transmits a switching-on command to the selec-tion circuit 17 controlling the electronic switch 3, this switching-on command being delayed via a timing element 26 so as to prevent through-connection of the electronic switch 3 during any rebound of the contacts 3~L~
-- 10 ~
6. When the switching-on command from the selec-tion circuit 16 arrives at the selection circuit 17 connected to the sensors 7, 13 and 21 as well as 23, this tests whether the contacts 4 are still open? bu-t the contac-ts 6 are closed I~ this is -the case9 the control elec-trode o~ the electronic switch 3 is subjected to igni-tion pulses or a continuous signal and is thus kept in -the connected-through sta-te~ If the above condi-tions are not satisfiedt the control electrodes o~ the elec-tronic switch 3 cease to be so subjected, and ~the fault warning circuit 24 is activated. At the same time, a command to open the contacts 6 is given to the selection circui-t 16 of the auxiliary switchgear 2.
The fault-warning circuit 24 is activated and the command to open the contacts 6 is transmitted to the selection circuit 16 even when signals do not arrive at the con-trol electrode of -the electronic switch 3 within a specific time a~ter the arrival of ~the switching-on signal in the selection circui-t 17 or even when no current flows in the parallel circuit, this being mo~it-ored by the sensor 21 connected to the selection circuit 17. In this case, resetting o~ the selection circuit 17 also takes place~
I.*, on the other hand, a sign~l corresponding to the proper through-connection~of the electronic switch 3 arrives ~rom the sensor 21, the selection circuit 17 transmits a switching signal to the selectio~ circuit 18 which is assi~led to -the switchge~r 1, the swi-tchgear 1 being s-tressed towards closure of the contacts ~ as a ~f~ 3~ ~
result o~ the switchin@-on signal coming from the memory 15. At the same time, this signal arrives at a rese-t-table timing element 27 3 -the output of which is connected to a resetting input of the se~Lection circuit 18 and the fault-warning circuit 24. ~len a signal correspond ing to the closed contacts 4 of the switchgear 1 reaches the timing el~men-t 27 within the operating time o~ the timing element 27, the la-tter is reset and ~there is no transmission o~ a resetting signal to the selection cir-cuit 18 and a signal ~or activating the ~aul~t warning circuit 24.
In the opposlte case, resetting of the select;ion circui-t 18 and activation of the ~a~lt-warning circuit 24 take place and, via the timing element Z8 which i.s connec-ted to the output o~ the timing element 2~ and -to a resettin~ input o~ the selection circuit 17~ resetting of the selection circui-t 17, with the result that the electronic switch ~ passes into the blocked state~
I~, however, a signal corr~sponding t:o the closed con~acts 4 arrives at the timing element 27 and the selec--tion circuit 18 in due time, the latter transmits to the selec-tion circui~ 17 a command to block the elec-tronic swi-~ch 3.~ .
As soon as the retu~ signal ~rom -the sensor 21 arrives, via the blocking o~ the electronic switch 3~ at the control circuit 17 7 the latter transmits to th~
selec-tion circ:uit 16, ~ia the timing elemenJ; ~6, a sig nal to o~en the contacts 6 of the auxiliary switchgear
2~ I~ no return signal o~ this type arrives wi-thin a specific time~ the fault-warning circuit 24 is activa~ted and the signal for opening the con-tacts 6 is transmi-tted -to the selectlon circuit 16.
The latter passes -the command to open the contacts 6 on to the auxiliary switchgear 2`and checks whether a signal corresponding to the opened contacts 6 arri~es ~rom the sensor 23 within a specific -time. I~ this does not happen, the selec-tion circui t 16 transmi ts a signal ac-tivating the ~ault-warning circuit 241 but the command to open the contacts 6 is main-tained and 7`S not reset~
. When a swi-tching-off command reaches the central control-unit because the OFF button 11 has been pressed, this command is stored in -the memory 15~ and the latter transmi~s at its output a corresponding si~nal which reaches the test circuit 19 and the selection circuits 16, 17 and.l8 again~
The test circuit 19 checks whether the contacts 4 of ~he switchgear l are cIosed and the electronic switch 3 is blocked If this is not so or if this does not occur wlthin a specific -time9 the ~ault-warning circuit 24 is ac~i~ated. In either case9 however, a command to close the contac$s 6 of the auxiliary switch-gear 2 is transmîtted to the selection circuit 16, and the resetting input connec-ted to the timing element 25 is inacti~ated b~ the switching-o~ signal coming from the memory 15. Fhrthermore) when there is a switchi~-off signal coming from the memoryj after a specific time the transmission of a switching-on co~mand to the selection circui-t 17 is triggered~ irrespective o~
whether the SenSQr 23 supplies or does not supply within a prede-termined time a signal corresponding to -the closed contacts 6~ However, should a signal o~
this type not arrive, the fault-warning circuit 24 is activated after the operdting -time o~ the timing ele-ment 25.
The switching-off si~nal coming from -the memory 15 also ensures that~ even when there is no signal cor-responding to the closed contacts 6, at -the arrival o~
the switching-on command from the selec-tion circuit 16 the selection circuit 17 brings the electronic switch 3 into ~he connected-through.state and -transmits a switch-ing signal to the selec-tion circuit 18 which controls the switchgear 1 by opening the contacts 4 as a result of the switching-o~ signal coming from the memory.
When a signal corresponding to the open contac~s 4 is supplled from the sensor-7, 13, the selection cir-cuit 18 transmits to -the se].ection circuit 17 of the electronic switch 3 a signal -to block the latter.
However~ if this signal does not appear~ the timing ele-ment 27 operates, and -the ~ault-warning circui-t is acti~ated and after the operating time of the timin~
element 28 a blocking signal arri~es at the selection circuit 17.
The electronic switch 3 is consequently blocked, and after the arri~al from the sensor 21 o~ a signal corresponding to the proper blocking of the electronic switch 3 or after the e~pir~ of a predetermined time a \
signal to open the contacts 6 of the auxilia~y switchgear 2 is transmitted from the selectlon circui-t 17 to the selection circuit 16g in the ]atter case the fault-warning circuit 24 also being activated.
~ he selection circuit 16 controls the auxiliary swltchgear 2 for opening o~ the contacts 6 and checks whether a signal corresponding to the open contac-ts 6 arrives *rom the sensor 23 within a.specific ~tlmes I~ this lS not sog the fault-warning circuit 24 which can be formed, for example~ by an OR ga-te is activatedy but con-trol of the auxiliary swi~tchgear 2 for opening of the contacts 6 is maintained.
This ensures that the swi-tching-of~ command is : executed in any case, even when faults arise in ~the switching operations.
In the block diagram accordlng to Figure.5~ there is ~ memory 15 with two outputs which are interlocked as regards a swltching-on command and whi¢h are each assig~ed to one of the two ON buttons lO~ lO'~ but both assume the same switching sta-te when a swi-tching-o~
command arrives~ mus~ onl~ one o~ the two outpu-ts o~ the memory 15 can ever transmit a swi-tching-on sig-nal, and this signal. is maintained un-til -the OFF button ll is pressed9 irrespec-tive of whether one or both ON
buttons lO, 10' are pressed.
The test circuit l9 is connected not only to -the sensors 20y 79 22 and 23 moni-toring the switchgear l and the auxiliary switchgear 2 or their contacts 4 and 69 . .
. but also to the sensors 20', 7', 22' and 23' monitoring ~ 3 the swi-tchgear 1' and the auxlliary switchgear 2' and to the sensor 21 monitoring the electronic switch 30 ~rthermore~ the test circuit is also connected to the two outputs of the memory 15 via an OR gate ~O. When a switching-on command arrives at the test circuit 19 via this OR gate 309 it checks whet:her no current flows -through any of the coils o~ the swi-tchgears 1 and 1l and the au~iliary switchgears 2 and 2' and no con-tacts 4 or 4' and 6 or 6~ are closed and whether -the electronic switch ~ is also in its locked state~ If -these con-dltions are satis~ied9 the -test circuit 19 transmi-ts a switching command which is fedt via one of the ~~wo AND
gates 31, ~2 each making a link wi-th one o~ the two ou-t-pu-ts of the memory 15, to one of the two selec~tion cir-cuits 16g 159 which are assigned to the auxiliary switch-gear 2 and 2' respectively. At the same time, the two selection clrcuits are interlocked, since the out-puts of the ~D gates 31 and 32 respec~tively are connected not only to the setting input of one selection circuit 16 and 16' respectively, but also~ vi.a an OR
gate 3~y 34 respectively, to the resetting input o~ the other selection circuit 16 and 16' respectively. The two inputs are connectecl -to the output o~ the timing elemen-t Z5 whi.ch is connected -to the sensors 7 and 7Y
monitoring -the positions o~ the contacts 6 ~nd 6 t of the auxiliary swi~t;chgears 2, 2' and which can be rese~t dur-ing its operating time by signals from one o~ the -~wo sensors which correspond -to the closed position of these contacts
The latter passes -the command to open the contacts 6 on to the auxiliary switchgear 2`and checks whether a signal corresponding to the opened contacts 6 arri~es ~rom the sensor 23 within a specific -time. I~ this does not happen, the selec-tion circui t 16 transmi ts a signal ac-tivating the ~ault-warning circuit 241 but the command to open the contacts 6 is main-tained and 7`S not reset~
. When a swi-tching-off command reaches the central control-unit because the OFF button 11 has been pressed, this command is stored in -the memory 15~ and the latter transmi~s at its output a corresponding si~nal which reaches the test circuit 19 and the selection circuits 16, 17 and.l8 again~
The test circuit 19 checks whether the contacts 4 of ~he switchgear l are cIosed and the electronic switch 3 is blocked If this is not so or if this does not occur wlthin a specific -time9 the ~ault-warning circuit 24 is ac~i~ated. In either case9 however, a command to close the contac$s 6 of the auxiliary switch-gear 2 is transmîtted to the selection circuit 16, and the resetting input connec-ted to the timing element 25 is inacti~ated b~ the switching-o~ signal coming from the memory 15. Fhrthermore) when there is a switchi~-off signal coming from the memoryj after a specific time the transmission of a switching-on co~mand to the selection circui-t 17 is triggered~ irrespective o~
whether the SenSQr 23 supplies or does not supply within a prede-termined time a signal corresponding to -the closed contacts 6~ However, should a signal o~
this type not arrive, the fault-warning circuit 24 is activated after the operdting -time o~ the timing ele-ment 25.
The switching-off si~nal coming from -the memory 15 also ensures that~ even when there is no signal cor-responding to the closed contacts 6, at -the arrival o~
the switching-on command from the selec-tion circuit 16 the selection circuit 17 brings the electronic switch 3 into ~he connected-through.state and -transmits a switch-ing signal to the selec-tion circuit 18 which controls the switchgear 1 by opening the contacts 4 as a result of the switching-o~ signal coming from the memory.
When a signal corresponding to the open contac~s 4 is supplled from the sensor-7, 13, the selection cir-cuit 18 transmits to -the se].ection circuit 17 of the electronic switch 3 a signal -to block the latter.
However~ if this signal does not appear~ the timing ele-ment 27 operates, and -the ~ault-warning circui-t is acti~ated and after the operating time of the timin~
element 28 a blocking signal arri~es at the selection circuit 17.
The electronic switch 3 is consequently blocked, and after the arri~al from the sensor 21 o~ a signal corresponding to the proper blocking of the electronic switch 3 or after the e~pir~ of a predetermined time a \
signal to open the contacts 6 of the auxilia~y switchgear 2 is transmitted from the selectlon circui-t 17 to the selection circuit 16g in the ]atter case the fault-warning circuit 24 also being activated.
~ he selection circuit 16 controls the auxiliary swltchgear 2 for opening o~ the contacts 6 and checks whether a signal corresponding to the open contac-ts 6 arrives *rom the sensor 23 within a.specific ~tlmes I~ this lS not sog the fault-warning circuit 24 which can be formed, for example~ by an OR ga-te is activatedy but con-trol of the auxiliary swi~tchgear 2 for opening of the contacts 6 is maintained.
This ensures that the swi-tching-of~ command is : executed in any case, even when faults arise in ~the switching operations.
In the block diagram accordlng to Figure.5~ there is ~ memory 15 with two outputs which are interlocked as regards a swltching-on command and whi¢h are each assig~ed to one of the two ON buttons lO~ lO'~ but both assume the same switching sta-te when a swi-tching-o~
command arrives~ mus~ onl~ one o~ the two outpu-ts o~ the memory 15 can ever transmit a swi-tching-on sig-nal, and this signal. is maintained un-til -the OFF button ll is pressed9 irrespec-tive of whether one or both ON
buttons lO, 10' are pressed.
The test circuit l9 is connected not only to -the sensors 20y 79 22 and 23 moni-toring the switchgear l and the auxiliary switchgear 2 or their contacts 4 and 69 . .
. but also to the sensors 20', 7', 22' and 23' monitoring ~ 3 the swi-tchgear 1' and the auxlliary switchgear 2' and to the sensor 21 monitoring the electronic switch 30 ~rthermore~ the test circuit is also connected to the two outputs of the memory 15 via an OR gate ~O. When a switching-on command arrives at the test circuit 19 via this OR gate 309 it checks whet:her no current flows -through any of the coils o~ the swi-tchgears 1 and 1l and the au~iliary switchgears 2 and 2' and no con-tacts 4 or 4' and 6 or 6~ are closed and whether -the electronic switch ~ is also in its locked state~ If -these con-dltions are satis~ied9 the -test circuit 19 transmi-ts a switching command which is fedt via one of the ~~wo AND
gates 31, ~2 each making a link wi-th one o~ the two ou-t-pu-ts of the memory 15, to one of the two selec~tion cir-cuits 16g 159 which are assigned to the auxiliary switch-gear 2 and 2' respectively. At the same time, the two selection clrcuits are interlocked, since the out-puts of the ~D gates 31 and 32 respec~tively are connected not only to the setting input of one selection circuit 16 and 16' respectively, but also~ vi.a an OR
gate 3~y 34 respectively, to the resetting input o~ the other selection circuit 16 and 16' respectively. The two inputs are connectecl -to the output o~ the timing elemen-t Z5 whi.ch is connected -to the sensors 7 and 7Y
monitoring -the positions o~ the contacts 6 ~nd 6 t of the auxiliary swi~t;chgears 2, 2' and which can be rese~t dur-ing its operating time by signals from one o~ the -~wo sensors which correspond -to the closed position of these contacts
3~
In the embodimen-t according -to Fi~ure 5, the switching-on and swi-tching-off operation basically takes place in exactly the same way as according to Figure 4, and the fault~warning circui-t 24 is also activated accordingly under -the same conditions.
Like the tes-t circuit 19, the selection circui-t 17 o~ the electronic switch 3 is connected to the -two outputs o$ the memor~ 15 via the OR gate 30~ Further-more, the selection circuit 17 is connected to sensors 7 and 7' monitoring the position of the contacts 4 and
In the embodimen-t according -to Fi~ure 5, the switching-on and swi-tching-off operation basically takes place in exactly the same way as according to Figure 4, and the fault~warning circui-t 24 is also activated accordingly under -the same conditions.
Like the tes-t circuit 19, the selection circui-t 17 o~ the electronic switch 3 is connected to the -two outputs o$ the memor~ 15 via the OR gate 30~ Further-more, the selection circuit 17 is connected to sensors 7 and 7' monitoring the position of the contacts 4 and
4' and to sensors 23 and 23' monitoring the contacts 6 and 6?. When a switching-on command arrives from the selection circult 16 or 16' via the -timing element 26, the selection circuit 17 checks whether the contacts 4 and 4' are still open and whether the contacts 6 or 6'~
but not both contact groups 6 and 6'~ are closed and only then selects the control electrode o~ -the electronic switch 23 so that the latter is connected through.
When a signal corresponding to the connected-through electronic switch 3 arrives from the sensor 21 at the selection circuit 17 3 the latter transmits a switc~ng signal which is fed~ via one o~ -the AND gates ~5, 36, second i~puts o~ which are connec-ted -to the out-pu-ts o~ -the memory 15, to one of -the two selection cir-cuits 18J 18~ which are assigned to the switchgears 1 and 1' respec-tive:Ly. At the same -time~ the timlng element ~7 which can be reset by a signal corresponding to the closed contacts 4 or L~- is also started.
The outputs o~ the AND gates 35 9 36 are -- 17 ~
connected no-t only -to the set~ting inpu-ts of -the selec-tion circuits 1~, 18l~ but also to OR gates 38 and 37 respect-vely, outputs of which are connec~ted to the resetting inputs of the selection circuits 18 and 18' respectively and seconds inputs of w~ich are connected to the output of the timing element 27.
Interlocking of the selection circuits 18 and 1~' is provided again as a result.
As soon as a signal corresponding to -the closed contacts 4 and 4' respectively arrives from the cor-responding sensor 7 and 7' respectively at the selection circuit 18 and 18' respectively, the la-tter transmits to the selection circuit 17 a command to block the elec-tronic switch 3.
The further course of the swi-tching-on cycle takes place as in the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 49 although signals c~using the contacts 6 and 6' to open are ~ed to both selection circuits 16 and 16' respect.ively.
When the two outputs of the memory 15 supply the same.signals9 this represents a swi-tching-off signal~
and the test circuit 19 checks whether the contacts 4 or 4' of a switchgear are closed and whether the electronic switch i5 blockedO In any case~ a swi-tching command is transmitted from the test circuit 19 to ~the -two AN~
gates 39, 40~ the negated input o~ which is connected to the ou.~put o~ the OR gate 30 and can therefore connect throug;~ only in the even~t of a switching o~ commandO
The third inputs o~ these gates 39~ 40 are connected to ~3~93 ` 18 ~
the sens~rs 7 and 7' respectively7 so that only -that of the two gates ~9, 40 can co~nect through which is con~
nectel to the sensors 7 or 7' respectiYel~ which supplies a si~nal corresponding to the closed contacts 4 or 4' respectively.
Up to the transmission of the switching signal from the selection circui~ 17 to one of the selection circui-ts 18 and 18'; the furt,her cour~e of the switching-of~ cycle is iden-tical to the cycle describ2d in the explanation o~ Figure 40 When a switching~off command appears at the two outputs of the memory 15~ the switching signal is trans-,~erred via the AND gate 41, the inverting input o~ which is connected -to the ou~put of the OR gate 30 and can therefore connect through only in the event of a switching~
off command. me output of this AND gate 41 is con-nected via decoupling elements 42, 43, for example diodes, tQ the setting inpu-ts o~ the selection circuits 18J 18', so that both control the associated switchgears 1, 1' *or opening o~ the contacts 4, 4' as a resul-t of the switching-off command which appears~
I~e further steps o~ the switching~off cycle are the same'as those described in relation to Figure 4
but not both contact groups 6 and 6'~ are closed and only then selects the control electrode o~ -the electronic switch 23 so that the latter is connected through.
When a signal corresponding to the connected-through electronic switch 3 arrives from the sensor 21 at the selection circuit 17 3 the latter transmits a switc~ng signal which is fed~ via one o~ -the AND gates ~5, 36, second i~puts o~ which are connec-ted -to the out-pu-ts o~ -the memory 15, to one of -the two selection cir-cuits 18J 18~ which are assigned to the switchgears 1 and 1' respec-tive:Ly. At the same -time~ the timlng element ~7 which can be reset by a signal corresponding to the closed contacts 4 or L~- is also started.
The outputs o~ the AND gates 35 9 36 are -- 17 ~
connected no-t only -to the set~ting inpu-ts of -the selec-tion circuits 1~, 18l~ but also to OR gates 38 and 37 respect-vely, outputs of which are connec~ted to the resetting inputs of the selection circuits 18 and 18' respectively and seconds inputs of w~ich are connected to the output of the timing element 27.
Interlocking of the selection circuits 18 and 1~' is provided again as a result.
As soon as a signal corresponding to -the closed contacts 4 and 4' respectively arrives from the cor-responding sensor 7 and 7' respectively at the selection circuit 18 and 18' respectively, the la-tter transmits to the selection circuit 17 a command to block the elec-tronic switch 3.
The further course of the swi-tching-on cycle takes place as in the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 49 although signals c~using the contacts 6 and 6' to open are ~ed to both selection circuits 16 and 16' respect.ively.
When the two outputs of the memory 15 supply the same.signals9 this represents a swi-tching-off signal~
and the test circuit 19 checks whether the contacts 4 or 4' of a switchgear are closed and whether the electronic switch i5 blockedO In any case~ a swi-tching command is transmitted from the test circuit 19 to ~the -two AN~
gates 39, 40~ the negated input o~ which is connected to the ou.~put o~ the OR gate 30 and can therefore connect throug;~ only in the even~t of a switching o~ commandO
The third inputs o~ these gates 39~ 40 are connected to ~3~93 ` 18 ~
the sens~rs 7 and 7' respectively7 so that only -that of the two gates ~9, 40 can co~nect through which is con~
nectel to the sensors 7 or 7' respectiYel~ which supplies a si~nal corresponding to the closed contacts 4 or 4' respectively.
Up to the transmission of the switching signal from the selection circui~ 17 to one of the selection circui-ts 18 and 18'; the furt,her cour~e of the switching-of~ cycle is iden-tical to the cycle describ2d in the explanation o~ Figure 40 When a switching~off command appears at the two outputs of the memory 15~ the switching signal is trans-,~erred via the AND gate 41, the inverting input o~ which is connected -to the ou~put of the OR gate 30 and can therefore connect through only in the event of a switching~
off command. me output of this AND gate 41 is con-nected via decoupling elements 42, 43, for example diodes, tQ the setting inpu-ts o~ the selection circuits 18J 18', so that both control the associated switchgears 1, 1' *or opening o~ the contacts 4, 4' as a resul-t of the switching-off command which appears~
I~e further steps o~ the switching~off cycle are the same'as those described in relation to Figure 4
Claims (4)
1. Switching device for opening and closing electrical circuits, in which, parallel to each con-tact, located in the main circuit to be switched, of a magnet-controlled switchgear, an electronic switch and a contact, serving as an isolator, of a further magnet-controlled auxiliary switchgear are connected in series, and there is a control device which con-nects through the electronic switch before any change in switching state of the magnet-controlled switchgear located in the main circuit and which then blocks it again, the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear which are in series with the electronic switch being closed, characterized in that there is a central control unit which has for each of the switching elements (1, 1', 2, 2', 3) a separate selection circuit (16, 16', 17, 18, 18'), and these selection circuits comprise test loops connected to sensors monitoring the switching state of the switching elements (1, 1', 2, 3) and/or their selection and are linked to one another prefer-ably in dependence on a command transmitted from the central control unit (9).
2. Switching device according to Claim 1, characterized in that auxiliary contacts (7, 7') are provided for respectively monitoring the positions of the contacts of the magnet-controlled switchgear (1, 1') which are located in the main circuit.
3. Switching device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching state of the electronic switch (3) is monitored by a sensor res-ponding to its control current.
4. Switching device according to any one of Claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the selection of the electronic switch (3) is linked to that of the magnet-controlled auxiliary switchgear (2, 2'), the trailing edge of the control current of the electronic switchgear triggering via a delay ele-ment a command to open the contacts of the auxiliary switchgear (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA4711-81 | 1981-11-03 | ||
| AT0471181A AT374618B (en) | 1981-11-03 | 1981-11-03 | SWITCHING DEVICE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1190310A true CA1190310A (en) | 1985-07-09 |
Family
ID=3567423
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000413319A Expired CA1190310A (en) | 1981-11-03 | 1982-10-13 | Switching device |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58131618A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT374618B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU559258B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE894893A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8206331A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1190310A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH661148A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3240053A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK158176C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI73100C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2515867B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2111751B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1156224B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8204140A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE446676B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA827771B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3317964A1 (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-11-22 | Magnet-Bahn Gmbh, 8130 Starnberg | Hybrid contactor, electromagnetic linear drive which can be equipped therewith, and method for switching the hybrid contactor |
| FR2587140B1 (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1989-06-09 | Hager Electro | ASSISTANCE DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL SWITCHING, PARTICULARLY FOR RELAYS WITH CONTACTS OR CONTACTORS OR OTHER SIMILAR REMOTE CONTROL MEANS |
| FR2601201B1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-09-16 | Telemecanique Electrique | SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICE FOR AN ALTERNATIVE NETWORK AND CIRCUIT-BREAKER-LIMITER SUITABLE FOR SUCH A DEVICE |
| DE4116947C2 (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 2000-07-13 | Eckhard Mademann | Coupling relay circuit |
| DE19953551C1 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-08-16 | Abb Hochspannungstechnik Ag Zu | Fast current limiting switch |
| DE102008033320B3 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-03-04 | Ean Elektroschaltanlagen Gmbh | Switch monitor, at the electronic switch circuit for a multi-phase heating system, has an emergency direct input on a control defect |
| US8274240B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2012-09-25 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Switching circuit having delay for inrush current protection |
| US8278839B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2012-10-02 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Switching circuit having delay for inrush current protection |
| EP2768102B1 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2016-02-10 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Circuit interruption device |
| IT201700099590A1 (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-06 | Gabriele Carrescia | Circuit layout for checking a differential switch without interrupting the power supply to the underlying loads. |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1138473B (en) * | 1960-08-12 | 1962-10-25 | Siemens Ag | Arrangement for the non-sparking switching of relay contacts |
| US3388295A (en) * | 1964-08-20 | 1968-06-11 | Hubbell Inc Harvey | Current interrupter |
| FR1540464A (en) * | 1967-08-16 | 1968-09-27 | Telemecanique Electrique | Hybrid contactor including detection of voltage build-up edges at the terminals of the mechanical pole |
| US4074333A (en) * | 1976-07-15 | 1978-02-14 | Shinko Electric Company, Ltd. | A.c. relay system |
| US4251845A (en) * | 1979-01-31 | 1981-02-17 | Power Management Corporation | Arc suppressor circuit |
-
1981
- 1981-11-03 AT AT0471181A patent/AT374618B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-10-13 CA CA000413319A patent/CA1190310A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-25 ZA ZA827771A patent/ZA827771B/en unknown
- 1982-10-27 NL NL8204140A patent/NL8204140A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-10-28 CH CH6294/82A patent/CH661148A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-28 DE DE19823240053 patent/DE3240053A1/en active Granted
- 1982-10-28 GB GB08230913A patent/GB2111751B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-29 SE SE8206154A patent/SE446676B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-29 DK DK482482A patent/DK158176C/en active
- 1982-10-29 BR BR8206331A patent/BR8206331A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-29 FI FI823709A patent/FI73100C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-01 AU AU90038/82A patent/AU559258B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-11-02 IT IT8268281A patent/IT1156224B/en active
- 1982-11-03 BE BE0/209382A patent/BE894893A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-03 FR FR8218382A patent/FR2515867B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-04 JP JP57193922A patent/JPS58131618A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK482482A (en) | 1983-05-04 |
| BE894893A (en) | 1983-03-01 |
| ZA827771B (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| DE3240053C2 (en) | 1991-12-05 |
| DK158176C (en) | 1990-09-03 |
| IT8268281A0 (en) | 1982-11-02 |
| SE8206154D0 (en) | 1982-10-29 |
| AU559258B2 (en) | 1987-03-05 |
| FR2515867B1 (en) | 1985-07-19 |
| FR2515867A1 (en) | 1983-05-06 |
| FI823709A0 (en) | 1982-10-29 |
| NL8204140A (en) | 1983-06-01 |
| JPS58131618A (en) | 1983-08-05 |
| SE446676B (en) | 1986-09-29 |
| SE8206154L (en) | 1983-05-04 |
| GB2111751B (en) | 1986-01-22 |
| DK158176B (en) | 1990-04-02 |
| AU9003882A (en) | 1983-05-12 |
| DE3240053A1 (en) | 1983-05-11 |
| JPH0354406B2 (en) | 1991-08-20 |
| ATA471181A (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| GB2111751A (en) | 1983-07-06 |
| AT374618B (en) | 1984-05-10 |
| FI73100C (en) | 1987-08-10 |
| IT1156224B (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| BR8206331A (en) | 1983-09-20 |
| FI73100B (en) | 1987-04-30 |
| FI823709L (en) | 1983-05-04 |
| CH661148A5 (en) | 1987-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |