CA1188110A - Harvesting machine - Google Patents
Harvesting machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA1188110A CA1188110A CA000403761A CA403761A CA1188110A CA 1188110 A CA1188110 A CA 1188110A CA 000403761 A CA000403761 A CA 000403761A CA 403761 A CA403761 A CA 403761A CA 1188110 A CA1188110 A CA 1188110A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- thresher
- wheel
- harvesting machine
- case
- harvesting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/30—Harvesting of standing crops of grass-seeds or like seeds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/08—Combines with thresh before the stalk is cut
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The invention relates to the field of harvesting machines for harvesting standing crops, without cutting the crops off close to the ground.
The object of the invention is to provide such a machine capable of providing more efficient harvesting of a variety of crops.
The invention provides a harvesting machine having a front thresher wheel for reaping and threshing the standing crops, a second thresher wheel, and a thresher table for transporting threshed material from the first thresher wheel to the second thresher wheel for further threshing and simul-taneously extracting waste from the threshed material thereon.
Fig I
The invention relates to the field of harvesting machines for harvesting standing crops, without cutting the crops off close to the ground.
The object of the invention is to provide such a machine capable of providing more efficient harvesting of a variety of crops.
The invention provides a harvesting machine having a front thresher wheel for reaping and threshing the standing crops, a second thresher wheel, and a thresher table for transporting threshed material from the first thresher wheel to the second thresher wheel for further threshing and simul-taneously extracting waste from the threshed material thereon.
Fig I
Description
Harvesting Machi_ The present invention relates to a machine for harvesting standing crops and especially, bu~ not exclusively, cereal crops such as corn, without cutti.ng the plants off close to -the ground, so as -to leave the stems standing. The machine comprises a catcher case fitted on the front of a vehicle, or mounted at the front of an automotive harvester, and hav.ing a reaping wheel at the front of the catcher case.
Machines for harvesting standing cereal crops are already known (so-called combine harvesters) in which a thresher wheel reaps and threshes the crop, the thresher wheel comprising rigid bars which strike the plants brutally to thresh them~
The present Applicant has filed a French Patent Application No. 80 26111, dated 9 December 1980 relating to a harvesting machine in which the plants are reaped gently by brushing or combing the heads of the plants so as to remove the grains from them. Such a machine is suitable for harvesting rice, for example, without cutting the stems and provides substantial advantages over manual harvesting, or harvesting using a combine harvester. In particular the waste of grains is reduced, and also less power is required since the volume of straw absorbed during harvesting is reduced.
This machine reduces damage to and loss of plants in the crop and gives excellent results with specific panicle type plants which are easily reaped, such as rice and sainfoin. However such a machine, with a single thresher wheel is less satisfactory for certain other crops such as corn for example. In particular, the reaping operation is likely to remove not just the material to be harvested, individual grains in the case of corn, but also complete heads or packets of grain, or leaves, or even branches, and this is especially problematic also in the case of shrubs, like tea for example.
Machines for harvesting standing cereal crops are already known (so-called combine harvesters) in which a thresher wheel reaps and threshes the crop, the thresher wheel comprising rigid bars which strike the plants brutally to thresh them~
The present Applicant has filed a French Patent Application No. 80 26111, dated 9 December 1980 relating to a harvesting machine in which the plants are reaped gently by brushing or combing the heads of the plants so as to remove the grains from them. Such a machine is suitable for harvesting rice, for example, without cutting the stems and provides substantial advantages over manual harvesting, or harvesting using a combine harvester. In particular the waste of grains is reduced, and also less power is required since the volume of straw absorbed during harvesting is reduced.
This machine reduces damage to and loss of plants in the crop and gives excellent results with specific panicle type plants which are easily reaped, such as rice and sainfoin. However such a machine, with a single thresher wheel is less satisfactory for certain other crops such as corn for example. In particular, the reaping operation is likely to remove not just the material to be harvested, individual grains in the case of corn, but also complete heads or packets of grain, or leaves, or even branches, and this is especially problematic also in the case of shrubs, like tea for example.
- 2 - ~ ~ ~8~
The present invention is applicable to harvesting a variety o cropC, including fodder plants, medicinal herbs, shrubs such as tea, and a variety of ce.reals including corn by collecti.ng the harvested material without cutting the plants off close to the ground (and if desired without cutting the plant at all) while threshing and removing chaff, straw or other waste.
The present invention provides a harvesting machine for harvesting standing crops without cutting the plants close to the ground, comprising a case for mounting on the front of a wheeled vehicle to catch threshed material~ a first thresher wheel disposed at the front of said case for reaping and threshing the standing crops, a second thresher wheel disposed behind said first wheel for threshing material from said first wheel, and transport and cleaning means for -transporting threshed material from said first wheel to said second wheel for further threshing and simultaneously extracting waste from the threshed material thereon.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each of said thresher wheels is provided with a respective cooperating counter-board mounted for adjustment relative -to the associated thresher wheel, said transport and cleaning means including a movable cleaning grill for riddling harvested material from the threshed material thereon.
With this arrangement, the crop is partially threshed on reaping, and part of the waste material is eliminated immediately (impurities, dirt, chaff and straw in the case of corn for example) the remaining material being subjected to a further threshing operation so that the threshing is significantly more efficient than was previously possible. The further threshing operation enables individual grains to be recovered from the partially reaped material, which in the case of corn for example may include grains with whole heads and leaves.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first ~ 3 ~ ~1~8~
thresh wheel and the associated counter-board are mounted as a sub-assembly with said transport means, the machine including adjustment means operable during harvesting operation for pivoting said sub-assembly whereby to adjust the height of said first thresher wheel above the ground and the angle of said sub-assembly to the vertical. This feature enables the sub-assembly to be adjusted to reduce the risk of bending the stems of the plants to breaking point. The reaped material can be subjected to a very thorough threshing in the second thresher wheel. In the case of fodder plants such as lucern, clover, sainfoin, ray-grass, the stem left standing after the harvesting machine in accordance with the invention has passed can subsequently be reaped as fodder, whereas the use of a combine harvester on such crops may lead to complete destruction of the fodder.
In an embodiment of the invention said counter-boards comprise perforated grills. The machine may also include a further movable cleaning grill disposed behind said second thresher grill, and shaker means for shaking said cleaning grills whereby to riddle the threshed material thereon, said grills being exchangeable. The grills riddle the threshed material, extracting grains in the case of corn for example, and the removal of waste and foreign matter after the second threshing gives improved and more efficient cleaning.
Preferably the machine comprises ventilation means for passing a current of air over said grills, whereby to extract chaff from the threshed material thereon. This feature can give improved cleaning, for example blowing chaff out.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the machine includes first conveyor means at the rear of said case for conveying harvested material in said case to a side of said case, elevator means at said side for lifting said harvested material, and further cleaning means - 4 ~
disposed above said case for receiving material Erom said elevator means. Advantageously, said further cleaning means comprises first and second duc-ts for receiving material from said elevator means in succession, said duc-ts including respective grills for extracting harvested material therefrom, and respective ventilator ducts for directing a current of air across said grills whereby to extract chaff from the material thereon.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description, given by way of non-limitative example with reference to the accom-paying drawings in which:-Fig 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view ofa harvesting machine in accordance with the invention;
Fig 2 is a diagrammatic view of the rear of the machine of Fig. I;
Fig. 3 is a rear view, partly cut away, of an alternative embodiment of the machine of Fig. l;
Fig. 4 is a top view of the machine of Figs ~ and 2 no~ showing part of the ventilation ducting;
FigO 5a, 5_, and 5c are diagramma-tic transverse sectional views of different combs for beaters which can be used in a machine in accordance with the invention;
Fig 6 is a sectional view of different bristles which can form the combs of the beaters of Figs 5a, 5b and 5c;
F:ig. 7 is a transverse sectional view of a mixed comb having a blade;
Fig. 8 is an alternative assembly of the mixed comb of Fig. 7, with only a blade;
Fig. 9 shows apparatus for lifting heads fitted on the case of a machine in accordance with the invention;
Figs. 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d are diagrams represen-ting different arrangements of threshers on a machine in accordance with the invention for harvesting different kinds of crops.
In -the following description of a harves-ting machine in àccordance with -the invention, reference will be made simultaneously to Fig. 1, showing a preferred embodiment o:E the invention for harves-ting a cereal such as corn and other figures showing different views, or complementary detail, or alternatives.
The machine comprises essentially a metal case 1, presenting an opening at its front and part of its top and designed to collect grains separated from their stalks by a double thresher device comprising a front main thresher wheel with a horizontal axis for reaping the crop, and a finishing -thresher wheel 3 disposed behind the first thresher wheel, in the direction of movement of the vehicle 4 indicated diagrammati.cally on the right of Fig. 1 and shown mounted on ground wheels 5. The harvesting machine according to the invention moves forward towards the cereal to be harvested, shown here as a head of corn ~. It also comprises a table for simultaneously transporting and cleaning the grains and expelling chaff and straw out of the machine, indicated generally by the reference 7, and disposed between the thresher wheels 2 and 3, as well as a similar cleaning system disposed behind the finishing thresher wheels and indicated generally by -the reference 8.
The front main thresher wheel 2 preferably comprises eight spokes 9 bearing bea-ters 10 for reaping the grains and disposed at the front of the case 1 in such a way that its horizontal shaft, extending transversely to the direction of movement of the vehicle, is slightly offset by a distance x in front the leading edge of the case, formed by a catcher bar 1.1 comprising a cylindrical tube on which the stalks to be reaped can slide. This thresher wheel 15 is driven at a variable speed by a hydraulic motor 12 disposed at the end of its shaft. It also comprises a counter-board 13 comp-rising a calibrating grill of curved shape which is maintained and positioned along the circular path of movement of the beaters 10, relative to the thresher wheel 2 by two external adjustment rods 14, 15 mounted with compression springs 16 on side plates 17 (see Fig. 9) solid with the catcher bar -11 and with the supports 18 for the shaft of the thresher wheel 2 at the Eront of the case ]
In a preferred embodiment, the front part of the case 1, on which the thresher wheel 2, counter-board 13 and side plates 17 are mounted, is formed by a horizontal plate 19 hinged on a pivot shaft 20 on the case 1 itself, so that the assembly of the thresher wheel, counter-board and catcher bar 11 can pivot about the shaft 20, which produces inclination of the threshing table indicated generally by the reference 21, significantly reducing the angle to which the stalks are bent and thus preventing breakage of stalks remaining planted in the ground during harvesting, and/or adaptation to differen-t kinds of cereal to be harvested, and also forward shifting of the shaft of the main thresher 2 to a maximum horiz.ontal value relative to the catcher bar 11 produced by rotation from its upper-most position, in which the front part 19 of the case is raised to the maximum height at an angle a to the vertical, to a position 11' lowered forward at an angle a of the part 7. To perform this adjustment, two electrical inclination jacks 22 are provided, solid with the side plates 23, forming the fixed side walls of the case 1 and whose moving rods 24 are pivoted on uprights 25 solid with the movable front part 19 of the case.
~oreover, the shaft of the main thresher wheel 2 can be adjusted forward and backward by two lateral electrical jacks 26, whose moving rods 27 are pivoted on uprights 28 solid with the movable front plate 19 of the case 1 and with the catcher bar ~I and to which the side supports 18 of the thresher wheel 2 are connected by electrical jacks 29 enabling the height of the thresher wheel 2 to be adjusted All the jacks 22, 26 and 29 for adjusting the inclination, the forward projection and the height can be controlled from a control panel 30 visible at the driver's position.
Also, besides the possibility to adjust the inclination as indicated above, so as to reduce the height /
31 at which -the stalks heads or other crops 6 are contacted, that is to say the height of the catcher bar 11 above the ground 32 (without inclination of the assembly 2 and 19), two hydraulic jacks 33 solid with the vehicle 4 are provided with moving rods pivoted on two arms 34, themselves pivo-ted on an upright 35 of the vehicle and carrying the case I o-f the harvesting machine, the lower part of the machine also being connected by -two arms 36 to -the lower par-t of the chassis of the vehicle 4. This arrangemen-t enables the catcher height to be adjusted during movement of the vehicle (to compensate for varying stalk height) independently of the inclination of the front par-t 19 of the case 1. The control panel 30, provided with two revolution counters, enables the speed of the two thresher wheels to be controlled.
In addition, a fixed deflector 36 solid with the case 1 is provided at the top of the front of the case ~, behind the main thresher wheel 2 and serving to deflect -the grains thrown up down onto the table 7 transpor-ting the grains to the finishing thresher wheel 3. Moreover, (see also Fig. 9) a movable deflector 37 having a shape bent down towards the rear, is solid with the thresher wheel 2, being fixed to side cheeks 17 which form part of the assembly thresher wheel 2, catcher bar Il, counter-board 13 - movable front table 19 of the case I, which can pivot on -the fixed case I about the pivot 20. This movable deflector 37 also deflects grains thrown up into the case 1 on the table 7 transporting the grains. Additionally, to avoid grains or straw being thrown by the thresher wheel 2 in front of th~ case, an extractor apparatus 38 is provided, comprising extractor needles 39 mounted on a transverse bar 40 solid with the movable front part 19 of the case ~ by -the side plates 17 and the deflector 37 and making an angle of 45 relative to the thresher wheel shaft.
Between the main thresher wheel 2 and the finishing thresher wheel 3 is disposed, at a low height above the movable front plate 19 and the floor plate of -the fixed case 1. a first cleaning grill forming the transpor-t and cleaning table for grains going to the thresher wheel 3.
In fac-t, the grill 7 comprises a movable grill 41, solid with the catcher bar 11 and merely resting at its rear edge on the hinge 20 between the pla-te 19 and the fixed case 1, and a movable grill 42 fixed to the case I at the hinge 20 and extending rearwards to the vicinity o-f the thresher wheel 3, so that the rear edge of the grill 41 rests on the front of the grill 42, which is shaken energetically by a cam shaker 43. This arrangement enables not only the grill 42 but also the grill 41 to be shaken, and the grill 41 also follows the inclination position adjustment of the pivoting front 19 of the case, the grills 41 and 42 being pivoted about the shaft 20.
Behind the table 7, transporting the grains from the thresher wheel 2, and formed by the two grills 41 and 42 is the thresher 3 with a counter-board 44 which is formed by an interchangeable "chain mail" type of grill mounted on the side plates 23 of the case 1, by means of a system of rods 45 and springs 46 similar to tha-t of the counter-board 13 for the main thresher wheel 2, but whose springs, adjustable from the outside, are softer than those of the co~nter-board 13. The finishing thresher wheel 3 itself comprises beaters 47 solid with a horizontal shaft driven in rotation by a hydraulic motor 48 shown only very diagrammatically in Fig. 1. At its rear, the counter-board 44, is extended by a second movable c].eaning grill 8, disposed horizontally and energetically shaken by a cam shaker 48. Lastly, a grain extractor 49, similar to the extractor 38, 39, 40 associated with the thresher wheel 2 is fitted on a deflector 50 and e].iminates grains caught in the beater 3 by making them drop onto the grill 8.
All the grains arriving from the main thresher wheel 2 and from the finishing -thresher wh~el 3 are trans-ported to an endless screw conveyor 51 in the bottom at the rear of the case 1. This conveyor is connected drivingly to the ca~ shakers 7, 41, 42 and 8 by endless bel-ts 52 and 53, and conveys the grains to the bottom of a vane -type elevator 54 (See also Flg. 2) which lifts them to an upper cleaning apparatus indicated generally by the re:Eerence 55.
This cleaning apparatus comprises a blower 56 of variable flow rate comprising, for example, a "Tarare" type fan with -two outlet ducts 57 and 58 driven by a standard hydraulic motor 5fi'. The ducts 57 and 58 are each sub-divided into two elements leading to two inclined ducts 59 and 60 fitted in parallel one under the other, and in two elements leading to two ducts 61 and 62. The ducts 59 and 60 are connected to the upper part of the e~evator 54 and receive grains conveyed by the elevator onto respective grills 63 and 64 which are inclined and subjec-ted to a transverse air stream parallel to the grills. The grills are actuated by respective shakers 63l and 64' driven by an endless belt 65 off a pulley 66 from the blower shaft.
The ducts 61 and 62 send air laterally through respective ventilation nozzles 7' and 8' at the first and second shaker grills 7 (41, 42) and 8 disposed behind the -thresher wheels 2 and 3 respectively, so as to clean the grains a first time.
As shown in Fig. 2, the side of ducts 59 and 60 opposite the entry of ducts 58 is connec-ted to ducts 67 and 68 which lead down towards the ground, in order to evacuate chaff and straw left in the grains. Moreover, the bottom end of duct 60 is connected to a duct 69 taking unthreshed grains and material after passing across the grill 64 of the duct 60 in front of the thresher wheel 3, where they are threshed again. Collection of clean and calibrated grains is finally obtained in a trough 70 at the bottom of duct 60, from where they are expelled in a suitable way, not shown, to a storage hopper 71. The dimensions and shapes of the grills naturally depend on the kind of crops to be harvested.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the cleaning block 55 and the blower 56 are disposed side by side, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to reduce the overall height of the threshing machine.
Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic -top view of the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2, showing the main thresher wheel 2, the -finishing -thresher wheel 3, and the upper cleaning block 55 with the blower 56. As shown also in Fig. 1, a box 72 wi-th hydraulic connectors provides connections be-tween the hydraulic motors 12 and 48 of the thresher wheels 2 and 3 and the hydraulic connector of the vehicle 4 (in particular a tractor) by flexible piping (not shown) in which are included valves for starting and stopping the motors Electric connectors 74 are also shown, which enable the switches controlling the electrical jacks 22, 26 and 29 to be placed close to the driver's position 30, for example on a small movable box. Lastly, the control panel 30 comprises two revolution counters 75 enabling the driver to control the speed of the two thresher wheels 2 and 3.
Additionally, the harvesting machine, in accordance with the invention, comprises in itself all the accessories necessary for its operation, and its installation in front of a tractor only comprises coupling the lifting arms 36, whose spacing is adjustable as in other agricultural equipment.
For harvesting machines having a working width over
The present invention is applicable to harvesting a variety o cropC, including fodder plants, medicinal herbs, shrubs such as tea, and a variety of ce.reals including corn by collecti.ng the harvested material without cutting the plants off close to the ground (and if desired without cutting the plant at all) while threshing and removing chaff, straw or other waste.
The present invention provides a harvesting machine for harvesting standing crops without cutting the plants close to the ground, comprising a case for mounting on the front of a wheeled vehicle to catch threshed material~ a first thresher wheel disposed at the front of said case for reaping and threshing the standing crops, a second thresher wheel disposed behind said first wheel for threshing material from said first wheel, and transport and cleaning means for -transporting threshed material from said first wheel to said second wheel for further threshing and simultaneously extracting waste from the threshed material thereon.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each of said thresher wheels is provided with a respective cooperating counter-board mounted for adjustment relative -to the associated thresher wheel, said transport and cleaning means including a movable cleaning grill for riddling harvested material from the threshed material thereon.
With this arrangement, the crop is partially threshed on reaping, and part of the waste material is eliminated immediately (impurities, dirt, chaff and straw in the case of corn for example) the remaining material being subjected to a further threshing operation so that the threshing is significantly more efficient than was previously possible. The further threshing operation enables individual grains to be recovered from the partially reaped material, which in the case of corn for example may include grains with whole heads and leaves.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first ~ 3 ~ ~1~8~
thresh wheel and the associated counter-board are mounted as a sub-assembly with said transport means, the machine including adjustment means operable during harvesting operation for pivoting said sub-assembly whereby to adjust the height of said first thresher wheel above the ground and the angle of said sub-assembly to the vertical. This feature enables the sub-assembly to be adjusted to reduce the risk of bending the stems of the plants to breaking point. The reaped material can be subjected to a very thorough threshing in the second thresher wheel. In the case of fodder plants such as lucern, clover, sainfoin, ray-grass, the stem left standing after the harvesting machine in accordance with the invention has passed can subsequently be reaped as fodder, whereas the use of a combine harvester on such crops may lead to complete destruction of the fodder.
In an embodiment of the invention said counter-boards comprise perforated grills. The machine may also include a further movable cleaning grill disposed behind said second thresher grill, and shaker means for shaking said cleaning grills whereby to riddle the threshed material thereon, said grills being exchangeable. The grills riddle the threshed material, extracting grains in the case of corn for example, and the removal of waste and foreign matter after the second threshing gives improved and more efficient cleaning.
Preferably the machine comprises ventilation means for passing a current of air over said grills, whereby to extract chaff from the threshed material thereon. This feature can give improved cleaning, for example blowing chaff out.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the machine includes first conveyor means at the rear of said case for conveying harvested material in said case to a side of said case, elevator means at said side for lifting said harvested material, and further cleaning means - 4 ~
disposed above said case for receiving material Erom said elevator means. Advantageously, said further cleaning means comprises first and second duc-ts for receiving material from said elevator means in succession, said duc-ts including respective grills for extracting harvested material therefrom, and respective ventilator ducts for directing a current of air across said grills whereby to extract chaff from the material thereon.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description, given by way of non-limitative example with reference to the accom-paying drawings in which:-Fig 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view ofa harvesting machine in accordance with the invention;
Fig 2 is a diagrammatic view of the rear of the machine of Fig. I;
Fig. 3 is a rear view, partly cut away, of an alternative embodiment of the machine of Fig. l;
Fig. 4 is a top view of the machine of Figs ~ and 2 no~ showing part of the ventilation ducting;
FigO 5a, 5_, and 5c are diagramma-tic transverse sectional views of different combs for beaters which can be used in a machine in accordance with the invention;
Fig 6 is a sectional view of different bristles which can form the combs of the beaters of Figs 5a, 5b and 5c;
F:ig. 7 is a transverse sectional view of a mixed comb having a blade;
Fig. 8 is an alternative assembly of the mixed comb of Fig. 7, with only a blade;
Fig. 9 shows apparatus for lifting heads fitted on the case of a machine in accordance with the invention;
Figs. 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d are diagrams represen-ting different arrangements of threshers on a machine in accordance with the invention for harvesting different kinds of crops.
In -the following description of a harves-ting machine in àccordance with -the invention, reference will be made simultaneously to Fig. 1, showing a preferred embodiment o:E the invention for harves-ting a cereal such as corn and other figures showing different views, or complementary detail, or alternatives.
The machine comprises essentially a metal case 1, presenting an opening at its front and part of its top and designed to collect grains separated from their stalks by a double thresher device comprising a front main thresher wheel with a horizontal axis for reaping the crop, and a finishing -thresher wheel 3 disposed behind the first thresher wheel, in the direction of movement of the vehicle 4 indicated diagrammati.cally on the right of Fig. 1 and shown mounted on ground wheels 5. The harvesting machine according to the invention moves forward towards the cereal to be harvested, shown here as a head of corn ~. It also comprises a table for simultaneously transporting and cleaning the grains and expelling chaff and straw out of the machine, indicated generally by the reference 7, and disposed between the thresher wheels 2 and 3, as well as a similar cleaning system disposed behind the finishing thresher wheels and indicated generally by -the reference 8.
The front main thresher wheel 2 preferably comprises eight spokes 9 bearing bea-ters 10 for reaping the grains and disposed at the front of the case 1 in such a way that its horizontal shaft, extending transversely to the direction of movement of the vehicle, is slightly offset by a distance x in front the leading edge of the case, formed by a catcher bar 1.1 comprising a cylindrical tube on which the stalks to be reaped can slide. This thresher wheel 15 is driven at a variable speed by a hydraulic motor 12 disposed at the end of its shaft. It also comprises a counter-board 13 comp-rising a calibrating grill of curved shape which is maintained and positioned along the circular path of movement of the beaters 10, relative to the thresher wheel 2 by two external adjustment rods 14, 15 mounted with compression springs 16 on side plates 17 (see Fig. 9) solid with the catcher bar -11 and with the supports 18 for the shaft of the thresher wheel 2 at the Eront of the case ]
In a preferred embodiment, the front part of the case 1, on which the thresher wheel 2, counter-board 13 and side plates 17 are mounted, is formed by a horizontal plate 19 hinged on a pivot shaft 20 on the case 1 itself, so that the assembly of the thresher wheel, counter-board and catcher bar 11 can pivot about the shaft 20, which produces inclination of the threshing table indicated generally by the reference 21, significantly reducing the angle to which the stalks are bent and thus preventing breakage of stalks remaining planted in the ground during harvesting, and/or adaptation to differen-t kinds of cereal to be harvested, and also forward shifting of the shaft of the main thresher 2 to a maximum horiz.ontal value relative to the catcher bar 11 produced by rotation from its upper-most position, in which the front part 19 of the case is raised to the maximum height at an angle a to the vertical, to a position 11' lowered forward at an angle a of the part 7. To perform this adjustment, two electrical inclination jacks 22 are provided, solid with the side plates 23, forming the fixed side walls of the case 1 and whose moving rods 24 are pivoted on uprights 25 solid with the movable front part 19 of the case.
~oreover, the shaft of the main thresher wheel 2 can be adjusted forward and backward by two lateral electrical jacks 26, whose moving rods 27 are pivoted on uprights 28 solid with the movable front plate 19 of the case 1 and with the catcher bar ~I and to which the side supports 18 of the thresher wheel 2 are connected by electrical jacks 29 enabling the height of the thresher wheel 2 to be adjusted All the jacks 22, 26 and 29 for adjusting the inclination, the forward projection and the height can be controlled from a control panel 30 visible at the driver's position.
Also, besides the possibility to adjust the inclination as indicated above, so as to reduce the height /
31 at which -the stalks heads or other crops 6 are contacted, that is to say the height of the catcher bar 11 above the ground 32 (without inclination of the assembly 2 and 19), two hydraulic jacks 33 solid with the vehicle 4 are provided with moving rods pivoted on two arms 34, themselves pivo-ted on an upright 35 of the vehicle and carrying the case I o-f the harvesting machine, the lower part of the machine also being connected by -two arms 36 to -the lower par-t of the chassis of the vehicle 4. This arrangemen-t enables the catcher height to be adjusted during movement of the vehicle (to compensate for varying stalk height) independently of the inclination of the front par-t 19 of the case 1. The control panel 30, provided with two revolution counters, enables the speed of the two thresher wheels to be controlled.
In addition, a fixed deflector 36 solid with the case 1 is provided at the top of the front of the case ~, behind the main thresher wheel 2 and serving to deflect -the grains thrown up down onto the table 7 transpor-ting the grains to the finishing thresher wheel 3. Moreover, (see also Fig. 9) a movable deflector 37 having a shape bent down towards the rear, is solid with the thresher wheel 2, being fixed to side cheeks 17 which form part of the assembly thresher wheel 2, catcher bar Il, counter-board 13 - movable front table 19 of the case I, which can pivot on -the fixed case I about the pivot 20. This movable deflector 37 also deflects grains thrown up into the case 1 on the table 7 transporting the grains. Additionally, to avoid grains or straw being thrown by the thresher wheel 2 in front of th~ case, an extractor apparatus 38 is provided, comprising extractor needles 39 mounted on a transverse bar 40 solid with the movable front part 19 of the case ~ by -the side plates 17 and the deflector 37 and making an angle of 45 relative to the thresher wheel shaft.
Between the main thresher wheel 2 and the finishing thresher wheel 3 is disposed, at a low height above the movable front plate 19 and the floor plate of -the fixed case 1. a first cleaning grill forming the transpor-t and cleaning table for grains going to the thresher wheel 3.
In fac-t, the grill 7 comprises a movable grill 41, solid with the catcher bar 11 and merely resting at its rear edge on the hinge 20 between the pla-te 19 and the fixed case 1, and a movable grill 42 fixed to the case I at the hinge 20 and extending rearwards to the vicinity o-f the thresher wheel 3, so that the rear edge of the grill 41 rests on the front of the grill 42, which is shaken energetically by a cam shaker 43. This arrangement enables not only the grill 42 but also the grill 41 to be shaken, and the grill 41 also follows the inclination position adjustment of the pivoting front 19 of the case, the grills 41 and 42 being pivoted about the shaft 20.
Behind the table 7, transporting the grains from the thresher wheel 2, and formed by the two grills 41 and 42 is the thresher 3 with a counter-board 44 which is formed by an interchangeable "chain mail" type of grill mounted on the side plates 23 of the case 1, by means of a system of rods 45 and springs 46 similar to tha-t of the counter-board 13 for the main thresher wheel 2, but whose springs, adjustable from the outside, are softer than those of the co~nter-board 13. The finishing thresher wheel 3 itself comprises beaters 47 solid with a horizontal shaft driven in rotation by a hydraulic motor 48 shown only very diagrammatically in Fig. 1. At its rear, the counter-board 44, is extended by a second movable c].eaning grill 8, disposed horizontally and energetically shaken by a cam shaker 48. Lastly, a grain extractor 49, similar to the extractor 38, 39, 40 associated with the thresher wheel 2 is fitted on a deflector 50 and e].iminates grains caught in the beater 3 by making them drop onto the grill 8.
All the grains arriving from the main thresher wheel 2 and from the finishing -thresher wh~el 3 are trans-ported to an endless screw conveyor 51 in the bottom at the rear of the case 1. This conveyor is connected drivingly to the ca~ shakers 7, 41, 42 and 8 by endless bel-ts 52 and 53, and conveys the grains to the bottom of a vane -type elevator 54 (See also Flg. 2) which lifts them to an upper cleaning apparatus indicated generally by the re:Eerence 55.
This cleaning apparatus comprises a blower 56 of variable flow rate comprising, for example, a "Tarare" type fan with -two outlet ducts 57 and 58 driven by a standard hydraulic motor 5fi'. The ducts 57 and 58 are each sub-divided into two elements leading to two inclined ducts 59 and 60 fitted in parallel one under the other, and in two elements leading to two ducts 61 and 62. The ducts 59 and 60 are connected to the upper part of the e~evator 54 and receive grains conveyed by the elevator onto respective grills 63 and 64 which are inclined and subjec-ted to a transverse air stream parallel to the grills. The grills are actuated by respective shakers 63l and 64' driven by an endless belt 65 off a pulley 66 from the blower shaft.
The ducts 61 and 62 send air laterally through respective ventilation nozzles 7' and 8' at the first and second shaker grills 7 (41, 42) and 8 disposed behind the -thresher wheels 2 and 3 respectively, so as to clean the grains a first time.
As shown in Fig. 2, the side of ducts 59 and 60 opposite the entry of ducts 58 is connec-ted to ducts 67 and 68 which lead down towards the ground, in order to evacuate chaff and straw left in the grains. Moreover, the bottom end of duct 60 is connected to a duct 69 taking unthreshed grains and material after passing across the grill 64 of the duct 60 in front of the thresher wheel 3, where they are threshed again. Collection of clean and calibrated grains is finally obtained in a trough 70 at the bottom of duct 60, from where they are expelled in a suitable way, not shown, to a storage hopper 71. The dimensions and shapes of the grills naturally depend on the kind of crops to be harvested.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the cleaning block 55 and the blower 56 are disposed side by side, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to reduce the overall height of the threshing machine.
Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic -top view of the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2, showing the main thresher wheel 2, the -finishing -thresher wheel 3, and the upper cleaning block 55 with the blower 56. As shown also in Fig. 1, a box 72 wi-th hydraulic connectors provides connections be-tween the hydraulic motors 12 and 48 of the thresher wheels 2 and 3 and the hydraulic connector of the vehicle 4 (in particular a tractor) by flexible piping (not shown) in which are included valves for starting and stopping the motors Electric connectors 74 are also shown, which enable the switches controlling the electrical jacks 22, 26 and 29 to be placed close to the driver's position 30, for example on a small movable box. Lastly, the control panel 30 comprises two revolution counters 75 enabling the driver to control the speed of the two thresher wheels 2 and 3.
Additionally, the harvesting machine, in accordance with the invention, comprises in itself all the accessories necessary for its operation, and its installation in front of a tractor only comprises coupling the lifting arms 36, whose spacing is adjustable as in other agricultural equipment.
For harvesting machines having a working width over
3 metres, an automotive design provides advantages in efficiency, with an automotive chassis providing directly a large storage hopper.
Hereinafter, referring to Figs. 5a, 5b, 5c and 6, will be described different types of the combs 10 and 47 fitted on the beaters of the two thresher wheels 2 and 3 as a function of the roles of the two thresher wheels and of the kind of crop to be harvested.
Extraction of grains from heads, bunches, pods or husks presents very different resistances according to the species involved and the invention is designed to perform the recovery of the grain without damage, by a progressive action of the combs, carefully chosen and assembled in brushes fitted on the beater arms, and accordingly a range of combs such as shown in Figs. 5a, 5b and 5c are offered:
combs Eor stroking 76, trimming 77, stripping 78, extracting 79 and carding 80. The Eibres forming the different combs can be made from different materials and have different characteristics. Vegetable fibres can be used such as:
palm, provencal cane, flexible plastics fibres such as Nylon or Rilsan (Registered Trade Marks), stif-f plastics fibres such as polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene 81 (Fig. 6), reinforced fibres 82 or various forms of metallic fibres, smooth or twisted or coated (83) appropriately as a function of their usage.
An important characteristic of the fibres is their springiness, which is particularly effective in the case of Rilsan fibres. The thickness and shape of the fibres are defined as a function of their use. Fibres are available which are thin, of diameter under lmm, and fat, of diameter up to 3mm, and their transverse section can circular, square or diamond shape.
The fibres are assembled in thicknesses varying from 2 to 5 cm and pressed into metal grooves 84 fixed to the spokes 85 of the thresher wheel (2 or 3) in a U-shaped slot 86.
The progressive action is obtained by assembling two or three types of fibres of different stiffness and springiness in a single brush 87, which enables a full range of powers of threshing to be obtained, ranging from stroking grains by flexible fibres 76 to stripping by metal fibres forming springs 79, 80.
In the case of utilisation of a machine in accordance with the invention for harvesting medicinal plants and bushes, such as rosemary, lavender and tea, mixed combs are used which pluck the leaves and trim the pLant (Fig. 7).
The beater then comprises a combing part 89 which plucks the leaves and a cutter blade 90 mounted on a frame 91 comprising an angle-piece parallel to the arm 85 of the beater and fixed thereto, for example by bolts 92, which are adjustable in sliders 93 on the arm 85 so as to enable ~L8~
radial adjustment of the blade, which in addi-tion is slightly offset from the arm 85 behind the comb 89. The cutting blade 90 enables the stalks of the crop to be trimmed to a level. It is fixed to the angle frame 91 by suitable means such as by bolts 9~.
In E'ig. 8 is shown an alternative embodimen-t of the arrangement of Fig. 7, in which the frame 91 is no longer an angle-piece but a straight unangled arm fixed to the arm 85 of the thresher wheel by the same kind of fixing as shown in Fig. 7.
In Fig. 9, part of -the machine of Fig. 1 is shown to an enlarged scale, with a thresher wheel 2, shown sybollically by the contour 95 of the rotation of the beaters and which, when lowered by pivoting about the hinge 20, goes to position 95' shown in dotted lines, the catcher edge 11 going to Il' and one of the height adjust-ment jacks 26 connected to the supports 18 of the thresher wheel shaft and a movable side plate 17 solid wi-th -the movable front part of the case 1. As already explained, when the crops are beaten down, after a storm for example, which causes a problem for the machines to absorb the heads, the driver of the machine according to the invention can lower the machine to the desired height 31 (Fig. 1), for example 20 to 30 cm above the ground 32, using the jacks 33, increase also the inclination of the thresher table 21 and choose the best position for the thresher wheel using the electrical jacks 26 and 29.
However, if the crop is beaten right down flat onto the ground, it is desirable to fit under the case 1 a device for lifting the heads, which comprises a transverse shaft which may coincide with the pivot shaft 20 for the front part 19 of the case I and which comprises a set of fingers 96 terminating at their front ends in removable tapered points 97. The driver can vary the height of these fingers by means of a small jack 98 placed at the side on the case I of the vehicle~ Moreover operational flexibility is ensured by a vertical compression spring 99 connected to -the bottom of the case at each side.
In Figs. lOa, lOb, lOc and lOd different -types of harves-ting machines in accordance with -the invention are shown schematically, designed for different kinds of crops.
For cereals and fodder plan-ts cultivated over the whole surface of the ground, the thresher can comprise one or two straight fxontal thresher wheels which are 2 to 4 metres long.
In the case of thick hedge crops, such as -tea, -the thresher can be fitted on the front of a straddle tractor and comprise three thresher wheels (Fig. lOa), namely a main horizontal frontal thresher wheel 100 and two small inclinable side wheels 101.
In the case of medicinal plants, cultivated in rows spaced 1.5 to 3 metres apart, the thresher can be provided with two thresher wheels 102 (Fig. lOb) of 0.6 to 0.8 metres, mounted on the ends of arms which can be adjusted for angle and height.
In Fig. lOc, -the case of harvesting tall plants planted in line, such as cotton, is illustrated. The thresher is provided with two vertical thresher wheels 103, adjustable for angle and width and provided with needles for extracting grain or fibres (Fig. 1) which can be caught in the beaters.
Lastly, for harvesting seed from vegetable or flower crops, which are generally grown in patches or lines, a reduced capacity thresher in accordance with the invention, fitted on a motor cultivator can be advantageously fitted wi-th a thresher wheel 104 of diabolo shape -to embrace the plants.
The operation of a harvesting machine according to the invention is as follows:-When it advances towards the cereals to be harvested, the catcher bar 11 contacts the heads which bend and are grasped and threshed, with a progressive action, by the thresher wheel 2. The grains and possibly the chaff and straw are thrown back onto the shaker grill 7, 41 and 42 where the grains are sorted a Eirst time, the grains Ealling through to the bottom of the case and cleaned a first time by air blown -through from the duct 61 impelled by the blower 56. Simultaneously, grains remaining on -the beaters are detached by the ex-tractor 38 and di.rected back onto the grill 7, as also grains which may be thrown up into the air are deflected onto the grill 7 by the deflectors F. 37. The rest of the grain, complete heads and accumulations of grains are then -taken by -the finishing thresher wheel 3, which delivers part of the grains to the conveyor 51 through its counter-board and shaker grill 8, which also receives cleaning air sent by the blower 56 through the duct 62.
The grains are next -taken to the upper cleaning apparatus 55, where they undergo a further operation of purification and cleaning in the ducts 59 and 60 on -the grills 63 and 64 which are ventilated laterally and trans-versely by air impelled by the blower 56 through the ducts 58. Lastly, the grains collected at 70 are evacuated to the hopper 71, while any unthreshed grains and other mater-ial are guided through the duct 69 in front of the thresher wheel 3 to be threshed again.
Hereinafter, referring to Figs. 5a, 5b, 5c and 6, will be described different types of the combs 10 and 47 fitted on the beaters of the two thresher wheels 2 and 3 as a function of the roles of the two thresher wheels and of the kind of crop to be harvested.
Extraction of grains from heads, bunches, pods or husks presents very different resistances according to the species involved and the invention is designed to perform the recovery of the grain without damage, by a progressive action of the combs, carefully chosen and assembled in brushes fitted on the beater arms, and accordingly a range of combs such as shown in Figs. 5a, 5b and 5c are offered:
combs Eor stroking 76, trimming 77, stripping 78, extracting 79 and carding 80. The Eibres forming the different combs can be made from different materials and have different characteristics. Vegetable fibres can be used such as:
palm, provencal cane, flexible plastics fibres such as Nylon or Rilsan (Registered Trade Marks), stif-f plastics fibres such as polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene 81 (Fig. 6), reinforced fibres 82 or various forms of metallic fibres, smooth or twisted or coated (83) appropriately as a function of their usage.
An important characteristic of the fibres is their springiness, which is particularly effective in the case of Rilsan fibres. The thickness and shape of the fibres are defined as a function of their use. Fibres are available which are thin, of diameter under lmm, and fat, of diameter up to 3mm, and their transverse section can circular, square or diamond shape.
The fibres are assembled in thicknesses varying from 2 to 5 cm and pressed into metal grooves 84 fixed to the spokes 85 of the thresher wheel (2 or 3) in a U-shaped slot 86.
The progressive action is obtained by assembling two or three types of fibres of different stiffness and springiness in a single brush 87, which enables a full range of powers of threshing to be obtained, ranging from stroking grains by flexible fibres 76 to stripping by metal fibres forming springs 79, 80.
In the case of utilisation of a machine in accordance with the invention for harvesting medicinal plants and bushes, such as rosemary, lavender and tea, mixed combs are used which pluck the leaves and trim the pLant (Fig. 7).
The beater then comprises a combing part 89 which plucks the leaves and a cutter blade 90 mounted on a frame 91 comprising an angle-piece parallel to the arm 85 of the beater and fixed thereto, for example by bolts 92, which are adjustable in sliders 93 on the arm 85 so as to enable ~L8~
radial adjustment of the blade, which in addi-tion is slightly offset from the arm 85 behind the comb 89. The cutting blade 90 enables the stalks of the crop to be trimmed to a level. It is fixed to the angle frame 91 by suitable means such as by bolts 9~.
In E'ig. 8 is shown an alternative embodimen-t of the arrangement of Fig. 7, in which the frame 91 is no longer an angle-piece but a straight unangled arm fixed to the arm 85 of the thresher wheel by the same kind of fixing as shown in Fig. 7.
In Fig. 9, part of -the machine of Fig. 1 is shown to an enlarged scale, with a thresher wheel 2, shown sybollically by the contour 95 of the rotation of the beaters and which, when lowered by pivoting about the hinge 20, goes to position 95' shown in dotted lines, the catcher edge 11 going to Il' and one of the height adjust-ment jacks 26 connected to the supports 18 of the thresher wheel shaft and a movable side plate 17 solid wi-th -the movable front part of the case 1. As already explained, when the crops are beaten down, after a storm for example, which causes a problem for the machines to absorb the heads, the driver of the machine according to the invention can lower the machine to the desired height 31 (Fig. 1), for example 20 to 30 cm above the ground 32, using the jacks 33, increase also the inclination of the thresher table 21 and choose the best position for the thresher wheel using the electrical jacks 26 and 29.
However, if the crop is beaten right down flat onto the ground, it is desirable to fit under the case 1 a device for lifting the heads, which comprises a transverse shaft which may coincide with the pivot shaft 20 for the front part 19 of the case I and which comprises a set of fingers 96 terminating at their front ends in removable tapered points 97. The driver can vary the height of these fingers by means of a small jack 98 placed at the side on the case I of the vehicle~ Moreover operational flexibility is ensured by a vertical compression spring 99 connected to -the bottom of the case at each side.
In Figs. lOa, lOb, lOc and lOd different -types of harves-ting machines in accordance with -the invention are shown schematically, designed for different kinds of crops.
For cereals and fodder plan-ts cultivated over the whole surface of the ground, the thresher can comprise one or two straight fxontal thresher wheels which are 2 to 4 metres long.
In the case of thick hedge crops, such as -tea, -the thresher can be fitted on the front of a straddle tractor and comprise three thresher wheels (Fig. lOa), namely a main horizontal frontal thresher wheel 100 and two small inclinable side wheels 101.
In the case of medicinal plants, cultivated in rows spaced 1.5 to 3 metres apart, the thresher can be provided with two thresher wheels 102 (Fig. lOb) of 0.6 to 0.8 metres, mounted on the ends of arms which can be adjusted for angle and height.
In Fig. lOc, -the case of harvesting tall plants planted in line, such as cotton, is illustrated. The thresher is provided with two vertical thresher wheels 103, adjustable for angle and width and provided with needles for extracting grain or fibres (Fig. 1) which can be caught in the beaters.
Lastly, for harvesting seed from vegetable or flower crops, which are generally grown in patches or lines, a reduced capacity thresher in accordance with the invention, fitted on a motor cultivator can be advantageously fitted wi-th a thresher wheel 104 of diabolo shape -to embrace the plants.
The operation of a harvesting machine according to the invention is as follows:-When it advances towards the cereals to be harvested, the catcher bar 11 contacts the heads which bend and are grasped and threshed, with a progressive action, by the thresher wheel 2. The grains and possibly the chaff and straw are thrown back onto the shaker grill 7, 41 and 42 where the grains are sorted a Eirst time, the grains Ealling through to the bottom of the case and cleaned a first time by air blown -through from the duct 61 impelled by the blower 56. Simultaneously, grains remaining on -the beaters are detached by the ex-tractor 38 and di.rected back onto the grill 7, as also grains which may be thrown up into the air are deflected onto the grill 7 by the deflectors F. 37. The rest of the grain, complete heads and accumulations of grains are then -taken by -the finishing thresher wheel 3, which delivers part of the grains to the conveyor 51 through its counter-board and shaker grill 8, which also receives cleaning air sent by the blower 56 through the duct 62.
The grains are next -taken to the upper cleaning apparatus 55, where they undergo a further operation of purification and cleaning in the ducts 59 and 60 on -the grills 63 and 64 which are ventilated laterally and trans-versely by air impelled by the blower 56 through the ducts 58. Lastly, the grains collected at 70 are evacuated to the hopper 71, while any unthreshed grains and other mater-ial are guided through the duct 69 in front of the thresher wheel 3 to be threshed again.
Claims (22)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A harvesting machine for harvesting standing crops without cutting the plants close to the ground, comprising a case for mounting on the front of a wheeled vehicle to catch threshed material, a first thresher wheel disposed at the front of said case for reaping and threshing the standing crops, a second thresher wheel disposed behind said first wheel for threshing material from said first wheel, each of said thresher wheels being provided with a respective cooperating counter-board mounted for adjustment relative to the associated thresher wheel, and transport and cleaning means for transporting threshed material from said first wheel to said second wheel for further threshing and simultaneously extracting waste from the threshed material thereon, said transport and cleaning means including a movable cleaning grill for riddling harvested material from the threshed material thereon.
2. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first thresher wheel and the associated counter board are mounted as a sub-assembly with said transport means, the machine including adjustment means operable during harvesting operation for pivoting said sub-assembly whereby to adjust the height of said first thresher wheel above the ground and the angle of said sub-assembly to the vertical.
3. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 2 and including adjustment means for adjusting the fore and aft position of said first thresher wheel relative to said case.
4. A harvesting machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 and including compression springs and tie rods for positioning at least one of said counter-boards against the associated thresher wheel, said compression springs biassing said counter-board towards the respective thresher wheel.
5. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said counter-boards comprise perforated grills.
6. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and including a further movable cleaning grill disposed behind said second thresher grill, and shaker means for shaking said cleaning grills whereby to riddle the threshed material thereon, said grills being exchangeable.
7. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 6 wherein said shaker means includes respective cam means for said grills and belt drive means connecting said cam means drivingly.
8. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1, 6 or 7 and comprising ventilation means for passing a current of air over said grills, whereby to extract chaff from the threshed material thereon.
9. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and including first conveyor means at the rear of said case for conveying harvested material in said case to a side of said case, elevator means at said side of said case for lifting said harvested material, and further cleaning means disposed above said case for receiving material from said elevator means.
10. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 9 wherein said further cleaning means comprises first and second ducts for receiving material from said elevator means in succession, said ducts including respective grills for extracting harvested material therefrom, and respective ventilator ducts for directing a current of air across said grills whereby to extract chaff from the material thereon.
11. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and including a first deflector fixed on said case and a second deflector mounted relative to said first thresher wheel, said deflectors cooperating to direct threshed material thrown up from said first thresher wheel down onto said transport and cleaning means.
12. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and comprising first and second extractor means comprising respective sets of needles positioned to engage said first and second thresher wheels respectively whereby to extract material caught in said thresher wheels.
13. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and comprising lifting means for lifting beaten down crops, said lifting means including a set of tapered fingers pointing forwards, said set of fingers being mounted pivotably at the front of said case, adjustment means for adjusting the height of said fingers, and compression spring means biassing said fingers towards the ground.
14. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first thresher wheel comprises a set of beaters, said beaters presenting brushes for engaging the crops and reaping progressively the material to be harvested from the standing crops.
15. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 14 wherein each of said brushes include mixed fibres of different stiffness and springiness.
16. A harvesting machine as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said second thresher wheel comprises beaters presenting combs for carding the material.
17. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 for harvesting shrubs wherein said first thresher wheel comprises beaters presenting brushes for stripping leaves from the shrubs and a blade positioned outside and after the brushes relative to the brushes direction of movement, whereby to trim said shrubs as they are harvested.
18. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and including a further thresher wheel similar to said first thresher wheel and disposed beside said first thresher wheel said further wheel and said first wheel being mounted at the ends of angularly movable and height-adjustable arms.
19. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and including further thresher wheels disposed laterally each side of said first thresher wheel and inclined downwards.
20. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 and including a further thresher wheel similar to said first thresher wheel and disposed beside said first thresher wheel, said further wheel and said first wheel being disposed with their axes of rotation generally vertical.
21. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 for harvesting shrubs wherein said first thresher wheel has a concavo-cylindrical rotational profile, whereby to embrace the shrubs.
22. A harvesting machine as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first thresher wheel is more than 3 metres wide, said machine being automotive, and comprising drive and steering means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8110618A FR2506558A1 (en) | 1981-05-27 | 1981-05-27 | DEVICE FOR HARVESTING CEREAL SEEDS ON FOOT, PARTICULARLY FOR HARVESTING WHEAT |
| FR8110618 | 1981-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1188110A true CA1188110A (en) | 1985-06-04 |
Family
ID=9258964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403761A Expired CA1188110A (en) | 1981-05-27 | 1982-05-26 | Harvesting machine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0067104B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE12718T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1188110A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3263100D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2506558A1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN154093B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989007883A1 (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-08 | The Commonwealth Of Australia | A harvesting apparatus |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996012400A1 (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-02 | Bjurenvall, Ingemar | System for harvesting crops by combing |
| EP1298979B1 (en) * | 2000-07-04 | 2008-03-12 | Robert John Eyre | Harvesting machine |
| CN102934562A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-20 | 夏桂军 | Preposed threshing strong-drafting rice/wheat reaping machine |
| CN113039943B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-03-18 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | High-efficiency low-loss corn threshing combined machine |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1533721A (en) * | 1922-04-29 | 1925-04-14 | Becton Roy Clarence | Mower attachment |
| US1727431A (en) * | 1927-01-03 | 1929-09-10 | Herr John | Seed harvester |
| US2040498A (en) * | 1934-11-27 | 1936-05-12 | Walter B Putnam | Seed gathering device |
| US2485713A (en) * | 1945-09-14 | 1949-10-25 | Erith M Dowd | Seed harvester |
| FR1002112A (en) * | 1946-07-29 | 1952-03-03 | Improvements to threshers, combines and similar machines | |
| US2693072A (en) * | 1952-10-29 | 1954-11-02 | Emiel E Belzer | Grass seed harvester |
| GB809616A (en) * | 1956-08-07 | 1959-02-25 | Nat Res Dev | Machines for harvesting seeds from standing crops |
| US2974467A (en) * | 1958-06-12 | 1961-03-14 | Long Mfg Co Inc | Pickup and threshing unit for peanut combine |
| FR1270071A (en) * | 1960-07-12 | 1961-08-25 | Method and machine for harvesting cereals |
-
1981
- 1981-05-27 FR FR8110618A patent/FR2506558A1/en active Granted
- 1981-12-07 IN IN1391/CAL/81A patent/IN154093B/en unknown
-
1982
- 1982-05-26 CA CA000403761A patent/CA1188110A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-05-27 EP EP82400978A patent/EP0067104B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-05-27 AT AT82400978T patent/ATE12718T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-05-27 DE DE8282400978T patent/DE3263100D1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989007883A1 (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-08 | The Commonwealth Of Australia | A harvesting apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3263100D1 (en) | 1985-05-23 |
| ATE12718T1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| FR2506558B1 (en) | 1984-10-12 |
| FR2506558A1 (en) | 1982-12-03 |
| IN154093B (en) | 1984-09-15 |
| EP0067104B1 (en) | 1985-04-17 |
| EP0067104A1 (en) | 1982-12-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |