CA1185105A - Method for the layered placing of core material and of the adjacent transitional material for dams - Google Patents
Method for the layered placing of core material and of the adjacent transitional material for damsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1185105A CA1185105A CA000399280A CA399280A CA1185105A CA 1185105 A CA1185105 A CA 1185105A CA 000399280 A CA000399280 A CA 000399280A CA 399280 A CA399280 A CA 399280A CA 1185105 A CA1185105 A CA 1185105A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- core
- core material
- transitional
- machine
- dam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
A B S T R A C T
METHOD FOR THE LAYERED PLACING
OF CORE MATERIAL AND OF THE
ADJACENT TRANSITIONAL MATERIAL FOR DAMS
Method for the layered placing of upright or sloping dam cores of material bound with bitumen and/or plastic and/or a natural binder in a constant or upward-tapering thickness for dams such as barrage dams characterized in that the core material is placed from a silo of a travelling machine; that at the same time transitional material is placed, from one or more silos of that machine, alongside and against the placed core material;
that the dam core is formed with the aid of a sliding formwork located on the machine to give lateral support to the core until and while the transitional material is placed; that the core material, immediately after it has been placed and before the transitional material is placed, is pre-compacted both vertically and laterally; and that subsequently the core material and the transitional material are (further) compacted.
METHOD FOR THE LAYERED PLACING
OF CORE MATERIAL AND OF THE
ADJACENT TRANSITIONAL MATERIAL FOR DAMS
Method for the layered placing of upright or sloping dam cores of material bound with bitumen and/or plastic and/or a natural binder in a constant or upward-tapering thickness for dams such as barrage dams characterized in that the core material is placed from a silo of a travelling machine; that at the same time transitional material is placed, from one or more silos of that machine, alongside and against the placed core material;
that the dam core is formed with the aid of a sliding formwork located on the machine to give lateral support to the core until and while the transitional material is placed; that the core material, immediately after it has been placed and before the transitional material is placed, is pre-compacted both vertically and laterally; and that subsequently the core material and the transitional material are (further) compacted.
Description
MET~OD FOR THE LA~ERED P~ACING
OF CO~E MATERIAL AND OF THE
ADJACENT TR~SITIONAL M~TERIAL FOR DAMS
The invention relates to a method for the layered placing of upright or sloping dam cores of material bound with bitumen and/or plastic and/or a natural binder in a constant or upward-tapering thickness for dams such as barrage dams.
The method can be employed, for example, for barrage dams with or without transitional zone, consisting of finely-grained filter material.
Various methods are currently known for placing dam cores.
One technique involves the use of formwork moulds or walls within or inbetween which the core tttaterial is dumped. The formwork is removed as soon as the transitional material bordering the core has been placed up to the top edge of the core. Subsequently core material and transitional material are compacted, either simultaneously or at different times.
This method is time-consuming because of the discontinuous nature of the operation, both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction. Furthermore, no clear-cut separation is achieved between the core material and the adjacent transitional material.
One tnethod developed in the past, whereby both the core material and the transitional material are placed simu]taneously but are physically separated by walls, brought some improvement.
The drawback of this method, however, is that compaction is not effected until the wall separating core material and transitional material has disappeared, so that during compaction the transitional material is forced sideways into the core material.
Although this brings about a certain degree of interpenetration between core material and transitional material, it does have the drawback that the ~one where core material and transitional material interpenetrate is less compact and will exhibit cracks ~35~
or fissures, with the result that the effective width of the watertight core is diminished.
Systems subsequently employed, whereby the core material, after being pre-compacted, stands free until the transitional material is placed against the core material, have the drawback that contamination of the core surface occurs during placing of the transitional material; furthermore, damaging of the free-standing core is possible.
The invention envisages an improved method for the placing of dam cores and relates to the method stated in ~he preamble. It is characterized in that the core material is placed from a silo of a travelling machine; that at the same time transitional material is placed, from one or more silos of that machine, alongside and against the placed core material; that the dam core is formed with the aid of a sliding formwork located on the machine to give lateral support to the core until and while the transitional material is placed; that the core material, immediately af~er it has been placed and before the transitional material is placed, is pre-compacted both vertically and laterally; and that subsequently the core material and the transitional material are (further) compacted.
The machine preferably travels over the already compacted transitional material of an underlying layer.
Pre-compaction of the core material can be effected by means of vibrating plates located on or in the formwork.
The method is preferably executed in such a way that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess material and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate.
It is also preferable to effect the re-compaction of the core material and the compaction of the transitional material simultaneously behind the ~liding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine.
If, for example, a bituminous binder is used, the core material is preferably placed after the underlying layer of the ~5 ~i core material has been heated by means of, for example, infra-red radiators.
~y adjustment of the slidin~ formwork, the height, breadth and fol~ of the dam core can be varied.
The invention likewise relates to a machine for executin~ the present method, characterized in thai it is provided with travelling elements such as cater-pillar tyres, a silo for core material, one or more silos for transitional material and a formwork, especially a sliding ~ormwork, for forming the d~m core.
Thus, in accordance with this aspect of the invention there is provided a machine for the layered placing o-f an upright or sloping dam core of material bound with at least one of bitumen, plastie and natural binder, in a constant or upward-tapering thickness comprising a silo for core material and at least one silo for transitional material spaced from the core material silo, said silos being mounted Eor spaced apart travel on travelling elements, a form-work mounted ~or travel with said silos adapted to provide lateral suppoxt for core material dispersed by the core material silo, pre-eompaction means mounted for travel with said formwork ~nd adapted -to pre-eompaet core material dosed ~rom the core material silo, in both the ~ertical and lateral directions before plaeing of transitional material from the at least one transitional material silo, and compaction means adapted to eompact the pre-eompacted core material and transitional material dispersed, alongside and against the pre-compacted core material, by said at least one transitional material silo.
, . .
.;
s ~ 4 --Vibrators are preferably located on or in the formwork for both vertical and lateral pre-com-paction of the dam core.
At the rear, conveying worms for driving and removing the transitional material can be loca-ted.
A covering plate is preferably provided to protect the top of the dam core during the placing of the transitional material.
Moreover, infra-red radiators may be pre-sent at the front and vibrating plates at the rear.The height, breadth and form of the sliding formwork can be varied.
By means of the described method, the transitional material remains separated from the core material by the sliding formwork while the covering plate on top of the newly-laid core pre-vents the transitional material from contaminating the core material.
An embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below with the aid of the drawings.
Fig. 1 represents a top view of the machine, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the machine and Fig. 3 a layout sketch of the dam core.
In the diagrams, the arrow indicates the direction of travel of the machine. Further~.ore, the followlng nomenclature applies in the diagrams:
1 Infra-red burners
OF CO~E MATERIAL AND OF THE
ADJACENT TR~SITIONAL M~TERIAL FOR DAMS
The invention relates to a method for the layered placing of upright or sloping dam cores of material bound with bitumen and/or plastic and/or a natural binder in a constant or upward-tapering thickness for dams such as barrage dams.
The method can be employed, for example, for barrage dams with or without transitional zone, consisting of finely-grained filter material.
Various methods are currently known for placing dam cores.
One technique involves the use of formwork moulds or walls within or inbetween which the core tttaterial is dumped. The formwork is removed as soon as the transitional material bordering the core has been placed up to the top edge of the core. Subsequently core material and transitional material are compacted, either simultaneously or at different times.
This method is time-consuming because of the discontinuous nature of the operation, both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction. Furthermore, no clear-cut separation is achieved between the core material and the adjacent transitional material.
One tnethod developed in the past, whereby both the core material and the transitional material are placed simu]taneously but are physically separated by walls, brought some improvement.
The drawback of this method, however, is that compaction is not effected until the wall separating core material and transitional material has disappeared, so that during compaction the transitional material is forced sideways into the core material.
Although this brings about a certain degree of interpenetration between core material and transitional material, it does have the drawback that the ~one where core material and transitional material interpenetrate is less compact and will exhibit cracks ~35~
or fissures, with the result that the effective width of the watertight core is diminished.
Systems subsequently employed, whereby the core material, after being pre-compacted, stands free until the transitional material is placed against the core material, have the drawback that contamination of the core surface occurs during placing of the transitional material; furthermore, damaging of the free-standing core is possible.
The invention envisages an improved method for the placing of dam cores and relates to the method stated in ~he preamble. It is characterized in that the core material is placed from a silo of a travelling machine; that at the same time transitional material is placed, from one or more silos of that machine, alongside and against the placed core material; that the dam core is formed with the aid of a sliding formwork located on the machine to give lateral support to the core until and while the transitional material is placed; that the core material, immediately af~er it has been placed and before the transitional material is placed, is pre-compacted both vertically and laterally; and that subsequently the core material and the transitional material are (further) compacted.
The machine preferably travels over the already compacted transitional material of an underlying layer.
Pre-compaction of the core material can be effected by means of vibrating plates located on or in the formwork.
The method is preferably executed in such a way that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess material and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate.
It is also preferable to effect the re-compaction of the core material and the compaction of the transitional material simultaneously behind the ~liding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine.
If, for example, a bituminous binder is used, the core material is preferably placed after the underlying layer of the ~5 ~i core material has been heated by means of, for example, infra-red radiators.
~y adjustment of the slidin~ formwork, the height, breadth and fol~ of the dam core can be varied.
The invention likewise relates to a machine for executin~ the present method, characterized in thai it is provided with travelling elements such as cater-pillar tyres, a silo for core material, one or more silos for transitional material and a formwork, especially a sliding ~ormwork, for forming the d~m core.
Thus, in accordance with this aspect of the invention there is provided a machine for the layered placing o-f an upright or sloping dam core of material bound with at least one of bitumen, plastie and natural binder, in a constant or upward-tapering thickness comprising a silo for core material and at least one silo for transitional material spaced from the core material silo, said silos being mounted Eor spaced apart travel on travelling elements, a form-work mounted ~or travel with said silos adapted to provide lateral suppoxt for core material dispersed by the core material silo, pre-eompaction means mounted for travel with said formwork ~nd adapted -to pre-eompaet core material dosed ~rom the core material silo, in both the ~ertical and lateral directions before plaeing of transitional material from the at least one transitional material silo, and compaction means adapted to eompact the pre-eompacted core material and transitional material dispersed, alongside and against the pre-compacted core material, by said at least one transitional material silo.
, . .
.;
s ~ 4 --Vibrators are preferably located on or in the formwork for both vertical and lateral pre-com-paction of the dam core.
At the rear, conveying worms for driving and removing the transitional material can be loca-ted.
A covering plate is preferably provided to protect the top of the dam core during the placing of the transitional material.
Moreover, infra-red radiators may be pre-sent at the front and vibrating plates at the rear.The height, breadth and form of the sliding formwork can be varied.
By means of the described method, the transitional material remains separated from the core material by the sliding formwork while the covering plate on top of the newly-laid core pre-vents the transitional material from contaminating the core material.
An embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below with the aid of the drawings.
Fig. 1 represents a top view of the machine, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the machine and Fig. 3 a layout sketch of the dam core.
In the diagrams, the arrow indicates the direction of travel of the machine. Further~.ore, the followlng nomenclature applies in the diagrams:
1 Infra-red burners
2 Core material silo
3 Core height control effected by means of a strike-off b~r, which is controlled for example with the aid of a laser beam
4 Pre-compactor (vibrating plates) Transitional material silos ~ Transitional material height control effected by means of two strike-off bars 7 Core covering plate and lateral guide plate 8 Filling and levelling screw (controllable) 9 Vibrating plates Travelling caterpillars ]5 Moreover, Fig. 3 shows the following zones:
A Pre-heating of already laid core B Placing of core C Pre-compaction of core (in lateral direction as well) D Placing of transitional material E Filling of transitional material against core wall F Levelling of core material G Compaction of core and cransitional material One advantage of the present method is that the core material is situated in a protective tunnel until and while the transitional material is placed. The start of this tunnel is joined up to the outlet of the silo 2 whence the core material is dosed and which is provided with a vertically adjustable strike-off bar ~ to control the height of the layer to be placed.
~.. ~- / , : - 6 -In the case of bituminous core consoli~ation, the surface of the underlying core layer is heated by infra-red radiators 1 in order to ensure optimum adhesion between the successive layers.
Immediately downstream of the outlet of the silo, the tunnel is provided with vibrating plates ~ (compactors), both on the sidewalls and on the top. The advantage of lateral compaction in conjunction with vertical compaction is that the core material is endowed with optimum properties in terms of watertightness in that direction in which the core is subjected to the severest loads (horizontal water pressures) under ultimate conditions or use. Depending upon the consistency of the core material, the number of compactors in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel can be increased.
In the longitudinal direction, the tunnel can consist of several segments hinge-connected to one another. This makes it possible to construct a hori~ontally- curved core should the geometry of the barrage dam so require.
The transitional material is dosed from two silos 5. The height of the placed transitional material is in the first instance controlled by two strike-off bars 6 which are adjustable in height. This setting can be effected independently for either strike-off bar, thereby permitting layers of transitional material with differing thicknesses to be placed on either side of the core material. As the entire machine travels, wi~h the aid of, caterpillar tyres 10, on the compacted transitional material of the previously placed layer, it is hereby possible to tilt the machine and thus construct a sloping core.
After the height of the transitional material has been controlled by the bars 6, two worm screws 8 on either side of the core ensure tha~ the transitional material is levelled by means of a movement towards the core while a second pair of worm screws removes any excess transitional material.
; 7 -A plate 7 on the top of the core ensures that the core material remains free of contamination.
Subsequently, vibrating plates 9 ensure that the transitional material is compacted and that the core material is finally compacted.
The entire machine moves on caterpillar tyres over the compacted transitional material of the previously placed layer.
This layer forms a sufficiently level driving surface for the equipment in order to place a layer of core material having a thickness lying within acceptable tolerances.
At the same time, the thickness of the layer is controlled by the strike-off bar 3, which can receive its signals from a laser beam.
In the longitudinal direction, positioning is effected, for example, by sighting a paint line on the underlyin~ layer of core material by means of a sighting device. This paint line can be made by a device located in rhe axis of the tunnel underneath plate 7.
To vary the width of the core, the tunnel with compaction vibrators can be interchan~ed.
A Pre-heating of already laid core B Placing of core C Pre-compaction of core (in lateral direction as well) D Placing of transitional material E Filling of transitional material against core wall F Levelling of core material G Compaction of core and cransitional material One advantage of the present method is that the core material is situated in a protective tunnel until and while the transitional material is placed. The start of this tunnel is joined up to the outlet of the silo 2 whence the core material is dosed and which is provided with a vertically adjustable strike-off bar ~ to control the height of the layer to be placed.
~.. ~- / , : - 6 -In the case of bituminous core consoli~ation, the surface of the underlying core layer is heated by infra-red radiators 1 in order to ensure optimum adhesion between the successive layers.
Immediately downstream of the outlet of the silo, the tunnel is provided with vibrating plates ~ (compactors), both on the sidewalls and on the top. The advantage of lateral compaction in conjunction with vertical compaction is that the core material is endowed with optimum properties in terms of watertightness in that direction in which the core is subjected to the severest loads (horizontal water pressures) under ultimate conditions or use. Depending upon the consistency of the core material, the number of compactors in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel can be increased.
In the longitudinal direction, the tunnel can consist of several segments hinge-connected to one another. This makes it possible to construct a hori~ontally- curved core should the geometry of the barrage dam so require.
The transitional material is dosed from two silos 5. The height of the placed transitional material is in the first instance controlled by two strike-off bars 6 which are adjustable in height. This setting can be effected independently for either strike-off bar, thereby permitting layers of transitional material with differing thicknesses to be placed on either side of the core material. As the entire machine travels, wi~h the aid of, caterpillar tyres 10, on the compacted transitional material of the previously placed layer, it is hereby possible to tilt the machine and thus construct a sloping core.
After the height of the transitional material has been controlled by the bars 6, two worm screws 8 on either side of the core ensure tha~ the transitional material is levelled by means of a movement towards the core while a second pair of worm screws removes any excess transitional material.
; 7 -A plate 7 on the top of the core ensures that the core material remains free of contamination.
Subsequently, vibrating plates 9 ensure that the transitional material is compacted and that the core material is finally compacted.
The entire machine moves on caterpillar tyres over the compacted transitional material of the previously placed layer.
This layer forms a sufficiently level driving surface for the equipment in order to place a layer of core material having a thickness lying within acceptable tolerances.
At the same time, the thickness of the layer is controlled by the strike-off bar 3, which can receive its signals from a laser beam.
In the longitudinal direction, positioning is effected, for example, by sighting a paint line on the underlyin~ layer of core material by means of a sighting device. This paint line can be made by a device located in rhe axis of the tunnel underneath plate 7.
To vary the width of the core, the tunnel with compaction vibrators can be interchan~ed.
Claims (25)
1. A method for the layered placing of an up-right or sloping darn core of material bound with at least one of bitumen, plastic and a natural binder, in a constant or upward-tapering thickness, characterized in that the core material is placed from a silo of a travelling machine, that at the same time transitional material is placed, from one or more silos of that machine, alongside and against the placed core material; that the dam core is formed with the aid of a sliding formwork located on the machine to give lateral support to the core until and while the transitional material is placed; that the core material, immediately after it has been placed and before the transitional material is placed, is pre-compacted both vertically and laterally; and that subsequently the core material and the transitional material are compacted.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the machine travels over the already compacted transitional material of an underlying layer.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that pre-compaction of the core material is effected with the aid of vibrating plates located on or in the formwork.
4. A method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that pre-compaction of the core material is effected with the aid of vibrating plates located on or in the formwork.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess material and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate.
6. A method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess mate-rial and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the subsequent compaction of the core material and the transitional material is effected simultaneously behind the sliding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine.
8. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the subsequent compaction of the core material and the transitional material is effected simultaneously behind the sliding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess material and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate, and in that the subsequent compaction of the core material and the transitional material is effected simultaneously behind the sliding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine.
10. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the core material is placed after the underlying layer of the core material has been heated with the aid of infra-red radiators.
11. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the core material is placed after the underlying layer of the core material has been heated with the aid of infra-red radiators.
12. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, by adjustment of the sliding formwork, the height, breadth and form of the dam core can be varied.
13. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, by adjustment of the sliding formwork, the height, breadth and form of the dam core can be varied.
14. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess material and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate, in that the subsequent compaction of the core material and the transitional material is effected simultaneously behind the sliding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine in that the core material is placed after the underlying layer of the core material has been heated with the aid of infra-red radiators and in that by adjustment of the sliding formwork, the height, breadth and form of the dam core can be varied.
15. A method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the transitional material is driven by means of a conveying worm in the direction of the core material, while a second worm removes excess mate-rial, and while the top of the core is protected by a covering plate; in that the subsequent com-paction of the core material and the transitional material is effected simultaneously behind the sliding formwork by means of vibrating plates located at the rear of the machine; in that the core material is placed after the underlying layer of the core material has been heated with the aid of infra-red radiators and in that by adjustment of the sliding formwork, the height, breadth and form of the dam core can be varied.
16. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, for the layered placing of an upright or sloping dam core of a barrage dam.
17. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 6, for the layered placing of an upright or sloping dam core of a barrage dam.
18. A machine for the layered placing of an upright or sloping dam core of material bound with at least one of bitumen, plastic and natural binder, in a constant or upward-tapering thickness comprising:
a silo for core material and at least one silo for transitional material spaced from the core material silo, said silos being mounted for spaced apart travel on travelling elements, a formwork mounted for travel with said silos adapted to provide lateral support for core material dispersed by the core material silo, pre-compaction means mounted for travel with said formwork and adapted to pre-compact core material dosed from the core material silo, in both the vertical and lateral directions before placing of transitional material from the at least one transitional material silo, and compaction means adapted to compact the pre-compacted core material and transitional material dispersed, alongside and against the pre-compacted core material, by said at least one transitional material silo.
a silo for core material and at least one silo for transitional material spaced from the core material silo, said silos being mounted for spaced apart travel on travelling elements, a formwork mounted for travel with said silos adapted to provide lateral support for core material dispersed by the core material silo, pre-compaction means mounted for travel with said formwork and adapted to pre-compact core material dosed from the core material silo, in both the vertical and lateral directions before placing of transitional material from the at least one transitional material silo, and compaction means adapted to compact the pre-compacted core material and transitional material dispersed, alongside and against the pre-compacted core material, by said at least one transitional material silo.
19. A machine as claimed in claim 18, wherein said formwork comprises adjustable elements adapted to define the height, breadth and form of the dam core.
20. A machine as claimed in claim 18 or 19, wherein said travelling elements comprise caterpillar tyres.
21. A machine as claimed in claim 18 or 19, wherein the pre-compaction means comprise vibrating plates located on or in the formwork.
22. A machine as claimed in claim 18 or 19, further including conveying worms for driving and removing the transitional material.
23. A machine as claimed in claim 18 or 19, further including a covering plate to protect the top of the dam core during placing of the transi-tional material.
24. A machine as claimed in claim 18 or 19, including rearwardly mounted vibrating plates.
25. A machine as claimed in claim 18 or 19, including forwardly mounted infra-red radiators.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000399280A CA1185105A (en) | 1982-03-24 | 1982-03-24 | Method for the layered placing of core material and of the adjacent transitional material for dams |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000399280A CA1185105A (en) | 1982-03-24 | 1982-03-24 | Method for the layered placing of core material and of the adjacent transitional material for dams |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1185105A true CA1185105A (en) | 1985-04-09 |
Family
ID=4122390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000399280A Expired CA1185105A (en) | 1982-03-24 | 1982-03-24 | Method for the layered placing of core material and of the adjacent transitional material for dams |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1185105A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-03-24 CA CA000399280A patent/CA1185105A/en not_active Expired
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