CA1184477A - Device for severing meat from bone and process for operating this device - Google Patents
Device for severing meat from bone and process for operating this deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1184477A CA1184477A CA000391640A CA391640A CA1184477A CA 1184477 A CA1184477 A CA 1184477A CA 000391640 A CA000391640 A CA 000391640A CA 391640 A CA391640 A CA 391640A CA 1184477 A CA1184477 A CA 1184477A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rings
- meat
- pistons
- press cavity
- shell
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A device for severing meat from bone by pressing the mass of meat and bone within a press cavity into which said mass of meat and bones is introduced via an upwardly directed supply connection and from which the remaining bones and meat residues are removed via a closable discharge opening, in which device the press cavity is, between the discharge opening and the supply connection provided with slit-shaped outlet openings, delimited of group of rings, for the meat, is, according to the invention improved in that the cylindrical press cavity is delimited by a plurality of rings of mutually equal shape and size and is on both of its ends closed by axially shiftable pistons and in that one of these pistons is, during its retracting movement giving free the discharge opening leading in downward direction and transversely relative to the axis of the press cavity, The operation of this device essentially consists in that the mass of meat and bones is introduced into the press cavity from the supply connection by one of both pistons and is then compressed between both pistons, so that the pasty meat emerges the slits between the rings , and in that finally both pistons are, after having terminated the pressing operation, simultaneously moved in the same direction, whereby the remaining press good is shifted by the first mentioned piston in longitudinal direction of the press cavity and out therefrom through the discharge opening to the discharge path.
A device for severing meat from bone by pressing the mass of meat and bone within a press cavity into which said mass of meat and bones is introduced via an upwardly directed supply connection and from which the remaining bones and meat residues are removed via a closable discharge opening, in which device the press cavity is, between the discharge opening and the supply connection provided with slit-shaped outlet openings, delimited of group of rings, for the meat, is, according to the invention improved in that the cylindrical press cavity is delimited by a plurality of rings of mutually equal shape and size and is on both of its ends closed by axially shiftable pistons and in that one of these pistons is, during its retracting movement giving free the discharge opening leading in downward direction and transversely relative to the axis of the press cavity, The operation of this device essentially consists in that the mass of meat and bones is introduced into the press cavity from the supply connection by one of both pistons and is then compressed between both pistons, so that the pasty meat emerges the slits between the rings , and in that finally both pistons are, after having terminated the pressing operation, simultaneously moved in the same direction, whereby the remaining press good is shifted by the first mentioned piston in longitudinal direction of the press cavity and out therefrom through the discharge opening to the discharge path.
Description
7~7 ~e 1~$
~ he invention ~r~ to a device for severin~ meat fro~
bone by pressi.ng the mass of ~eat ar.d bone within a press c&vity arranged with rec~bent axis and being stationary during the preqsing operation and into which said mass of meat and bone can be introduced via a sup~ly connection directed upwardl~ and transversely relative to the axis of the press cavity and from which the rem~inin~ bones and meat residues can, after the pressing o~eration, be removed via a closable dis-charge opening 9 the press cavity bein~ provided between t~is discharge opening and the supply connection with slit shaped outlet openings for the meat h~ving ass~ed a pasty condition during the pressing operation and said outlet openings being delimited by a group of rings.
~IP~
In known clevices of the ~ mentioned (~ OS ~ 501 6~3), a pi~ton is introduced into the press cavity from one side thereo~ ~nd is pressing the mass of meat and bone introduced into the press cavity against a plurality of rings ~rranged at the side of the discharge openirlg of -the press cavity and having a conically taperin~ internal width. The disc~arge opening can be closed by means of a slide bein~ moveable in transverse direction to the axis of the piston. The ~lasticized meat flows through the ~lot-shaped outlet openings forrned between the rings into ~l annular space surrounding the rings and having connected thereto a dischar~e means for the meat ma6s thus obtained. ~he residual bones and meat re~idues are, how~
ever, pushed through the discharge opening after having opened ~8~7~7 the slide, This device shows the disadvantage that the dis-charge opening for the bone and meat residues remaining after the pressing operation has a substantially smaller cross sec-tion than has the press cavity so that bulky bones can object the operation. Further, the rings defining the outlet open-ings are different in shape and are thus not interchangeable and can therefore be mounted within the device only in a definite sequence. When operating this device it is in addi-tion necessary to release the slide closing the discharge opening by retracting the piston because only then it becomes possible to move the slide for the purpose o~ opening the dis-charge opening. This is responsible for a delay in the opera-ting sequence of the device. Finally, it is also disavantag-eous that the pressed good pushed into the discharge opening and primarily consisting of bones must be shifted through the through-passage of the slide having an only small thickness as measured in axial direction of the piston. By a bone remaining within this through-passage the movement of the slide can be blocked.
The present invention improves the device initially defined such tha-t the drawbacks mentioned above are avoided.
In particular the present invention increases the operating safety and effic:iency of such a device and to facilitate and ~5 accelerate operation and cleaning of this device.
According to the invention, the cylindrical press cavity is delimited by a plurality of rings of mutual equal shape and size and is on both of its ends closed by axially shiftable pistons and in that one of these pistons is, during its retracting movement, makinq free the discharge opening which is in connection with a dis-charge path extending in downward direction and transversely relative to the axis of the press cavity. The piston which is movable in direction of the axis of the press cavity and controls the discharge opening, thus avoids the drawbacks of a slide movable in transverse direction to the axis of the press cavity and, in addition, allows a more intense and effective squeezing of the pressed goods. For shifting the pressed goods out of the device it is thus no longer neces-sary to release the piston exerting a pressure force in direction to the discharge opening. The discharge opening arranged in transverse direction relative to the axis of the press cavity can without any difficulties be given a suf-ficient length and width so that even bulky bones can with-out difficulties pass this discharge opening. The inven-tion additionally allows to delimit the press cavity by a plurality of rings of mutually equal shape and size and thus to reduce the production costs for the rings and addition-ally provides advantages when re-introducing the rings into the device after cleaning work because a special arrangement of the rings need not be considered. The invention addi-tionally provides the possibility to make the internal dia-meter of the rings equal to the diameter of at least one ofthe pistons so that this piston is entering the press cavity in matched relation. This does not only contribute to auto-matically keep clean the rings but also to a more intense and efficient squeezing or compression of the pressed good.
For forming the slit-shaped outlet openings it is convenient to provide on the rings and distributed over their circum-ference spacers, the rings being, for example, by piercing bolts extending in parallel relation to the axis or by engagement of the spacers within recesses of the adjacent ring, securecl against becoming shifted in radial direction.
If the rings are maintained at a distance from the internal wall of a common cylindrical shell being removable together with the rings from the path of movement of the pistons in normal direction thereto, removal and reinstallation of the rings for cleaning purposes becomes substantially facili-tated.
Removal of the shell accommodating the rings is, according to the invention, facilitated if the shell can be extracted from the path of movement of the pistons along a guide means or if the shell c~ be swung out around an axis. In the case it is recommended that clamping plates are contacting both sides of the shell in its operating position within the device, said clamping plates being travelled through by the pistons and being adapted for being mutually clamped and at least one of said clamping plates being removable from the shell in di-rection of movement of the piston after having loosened the clamping means. Thus, the shell can be released and be pul-led with exertion of only low forces from between the clamp-ing plates without the danger of becoming scratched. Pres-sure release of the shell is facilitated if the clamping pla-tes are pressed one from the other by elastic elements, the spring force of which is overcome by the clamping means.
For preventing the rings from falling out of the shell on removal of the shell, the shell has, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a central annular rib on its internal wall and one set of rings is located on either si~e said annular rib. Each of these sets of rings is maintained in position by means of an end ring of increased thickness and sealingly engaging the shell so that the plas-ticised meat cannot emerge from the front ends of the shell.
A particularly favourable embodiment of the invention provides piercing bolts extending on both sides of the annular rib, on which the rings can be pinned with recesses provided on thelr circumference or with openings, noting that the recesses or openings are staggered one against the other in direction of the circumference for unequal angles. This results in a quite definite insertion of the rings in only one definite '77 angular position, the rings being, however, mutually inter-changeable. Preferably, the arrangement of the bolts is different for both sets of rings for permanently keeping the rings of one set separated from the rings of the other set.
It is convenient to maintain the bolts with their ends oppo-sed from the annular rib within openings of the end rings, because in this manner the bolts are maintained in an exactly aligned condition.
According to an advantageous further development of the invention, at least one of both pistons is tapered and composed over part of its conical area of rings at its generated surface, said rings defining between themselves outlet openings for the meat. The tapered portion of the piston penetrates the mass of bone and meat along the axis of the press cavity, so that this mass becomes pressed in outward direction against the rings, thus not only increas-ing the ac-tion of the pressing pressure but also acting, above all, better on the mass portions located adjacent the axis of the press cavity.
The inventive process for operating the device described essentially consists in that the mass of meat and bones is introduced into the press cavity by means of one piston and is then compressed between both pistons, so that the pasty meat is emerging the slits between the rings, and in that finally both pistons are moved in the same direction for moving the pressed good remaining after finished press-ing operation in longitudinal direction of the press cavity out of this cavity in direction to the discharge opening.
This results in a continuous operation and, compared with known devices of equal size, in an increased throughput with simultaneously increased operating safety~ According -to the invention the operation is preferably such that the piston introducin~ the mass of meat and bones into the press cavity is, for the purpose of introducing several charges, recipro-~8~7~
cated several -~imes, the other piston being arrested during retracting movement of said first mentioned piston. On each stroke of said first mentioned piston, a portion of the mass of meat and bones is introduced into -the press cavity and compressed together with-the press good already contained therein. The piston associated with the discharge opening is conveniently retracted in accordance with the increasing amount of press good within the press cavity.
In the drawings, embodiments of the subject of the invention are schematically shown.
Figure 1 shows the principle of the device in a section;
Figure 2 shows a detail of the arrangement of the rings in a section;
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a modified em-bodiment; and Fi~ure 4 shows a section along line IV-IV of Fig-ure 3 in an enlarged scale.
:
The device has a press cylinder 1 having connected to its top side a supply hopper 2 and having therein a press piston 3 provided with a plate front surface 4, said press piston 3 being shiftable in its longitudinal direction by means of a drive means not shown in Flgure 1~ An outlet cylinder 5 of similar construction is provided at the other end of the ~evice and has arranged therein for shifting move-ment in axial direction a piston 6 being provided at its surface facin~ the press cavity 8 with a conical tip 7.
This piston 6 is by means of a drive means, which is equally not shown in detail, of smaller power than has the drive means of the piston 3, driven for being moved in direction 7~7 to the press cavity 8. The mantle of the press cavity 8 is composed of a plurality of mutually identical rings 10 being arranged one beside the other with formation of slit-shaped outlet openings 11 for plasticized meat. For this purpose, spacer members 12 are on one side of each ring 10 distribu-ted over the circumference of the respective rings and de-pressions 13 are associated with these spacer members on the other side of the respec-tive rings, said depressions match-ing correspondingly the spacer members. The spacer members 12 of one ring are engaging the depressions 13 of the adja-cent ring so that the rings 10 are secured in their relative position.
The rings 10 are arranged between two clamping plates 16,16' which are firmly connected by means of screw bolts 15 with flanges 14,14' of the supply cylinder 1 and the discharge cylinder 5, respectively. By tightening the screws 15, the rings 10 are fixed in their position and the whole unit is clamped together such that the pressure re-quired for severing the mass of meat from the bones can beexerted.
The mode of action of this device is as follows:
The press good to be treated and consisting of raw meat and bones is introduced into the supply cylinder 1 via the supply hopper 2 and pushed into the press cavity 8 by means of the piston 3. Simultaneously, also the piston 6 is shifted in opposite direction to the direction of movement of the piston 3. The press good is thus compressed within the press cavity 8 and the tapered tip 7 of the piston 6 is, in addition, pressing the press good in outward direction. Under the action of the compression force, the major part of the meat is given a pasty consistency and, with this consistency, pressed outward from the press cavity and through the slit-shaped outlet opening 11 existing between the rings 10,where the meat emerges over the whole circumference of the rings. As soon as the front end of the press piston 3 has approached the tip 7 of the piston 6 and the press pressure of the piston 3 has reached a val~le exceeding the maximum press pressure of the piston 6, the piston 6 is pushed back-wardly by the piston 3 and the remainder of the press good remaining within the press cavity, essentially the mass of bones, is discharged through the discharge opening 9 in down-ward direction, i.e. transversely to the direction of the a~es of the pistons 3 and 6.
The conical tip 7 of the piston 6 can be provided with ribs parallely extending relative to the generatrices of the mantle surface, said ribs acting as a guide means for the press good.
In the embodiment according to Figures 3 and 4, two clamping plates 16,16' are supported within the frame 17, the clamping plate 16 being rigidly connected with the screw bolts 15 designed as strong tension rods, whereas the clamp-ing plate 16' is pierced by these screw bol~s and pressed agains-t the clamping plate 16 by nuts 18 screwed onto the screw bolts 15, the clamping plate 16' being pressed against the clamping plate 16 against the action of elastic elements 19, for example cup springs, rubber blocks or the like, being tensioned on tightening of the nuts 18. The elastic elements 1~ are, in this case interpositioned between rods 21 connected with the clamping plates 16,16'. Between the clamping plates 16,16', there is located a cylindrical shell ~0 surrounding the press cavity 8 and enclosing the rings 10 defining the outlet openings 11 wlth a certain clearance so that an annu:lar space 22 is kept free between the circurn-ferential surace of the rings 10 and the inner surface of the shell 20, said annular space serving as a collecting space for the plasticized meat which is discharged from this annular space 22 via hoses 23 extending through the shell 20 into a carriage 24 having been moved into the frame 17. A
central annular rib 25 is provided within the shell 20 for subdividing -the total number of rings into two sets of rings, the rings of which are pinned onto bolts 26 fixed on both sides of said annular rib 25. Three such bolts 26 are pro-vided for each set of rings 10, said bolts engaging recesseson the mantle surface of the rings 10. For obtaining unam-biguous pinned position of the rings 10 on said bolts 26, the bolts 26 are staggered one against the other for unequal angles in circumferential direction of the annular rib so that the rings 10 can be pinned onto bolts 26 in only one definite position. For reliably keeping separated the rings 10 of one set of rings from the other set of rings, the arrangement of the bolts 26 on one side of the annular rib 25 is different from the arrangement of the bol-ts on the other side of the annular rib. The ends of the bolts 26 are in engagement with end rings 27 and are thus reliably main-tained in position. These end rings 27 are introduced into the front ends of the shell 20 and sealed relative to the shell by means of O-rings 28 along their circumferential wall, so that meat cannot emerge from the annular space 22 at this location.
The shell 20 can, together with the rings 10 be maintained in position by this shell, be shifted in trans-verse direction relative to the axes of the pistons 3,6,whereupon the rings 10 can, after removal of the end rings 27, easily be taken out of the shell 20 for cleaning purposes and equally easily be reinstalled. For providing a possi bility to extract the shell 20, the shell 20 is fixed onto bent brackets 29, the other ends of which are non-rotatably fixed on a shaft 30, in its turn being pivotable by means of pneumatic cylinders 31 linlced with said shaft 30. The pneu-matic cylinders 31 are operated by a control means 33 via a conduit 32.
~5 ~s is shown in Figure ~, the brackets 29 are bent such that they will not collide with the screw bolts 15 and the rods 21, respectively, when swivelling out the shell 20 around the axis of the shaft 30.
S Prior to swivelling ou-t the shell 20, the clamped condition of the clamping plates 16,16' must be discontinued by loosening the nuts 18, whereby the elastic elements 19 force both clamping plates 16,16' one from the other and the clamping plate 16' is sliding on the screw bolts 15. The front ends of the shell 20 are thus released and the shell can be swung out wi.thout problems.
Each of the rings 10 comprises on one of its front surface grooves for the emerging meat, said grooves being delimited by webs of essentially trapezoidal shape. For the ease of manufacturing such grooves, these grooves are provi-ded wi~h mutually parallel limiting walls. The depth of the grooves is approximately 0.5 mm and the same at all loca-tions. Each ring is chamferred on its inner mantle surface so that an effect like that of barbs is exerted on the mass of meat and bones.
As is shown in Figure 3, the piston 6 is provided at its conicaltip 7 with a section equally formed of rings 34. At this section the plasticized mass of meat can also enter the interior of the piston 6, from where this mass of meat can flow via passages 35 provided within the piston 6 into a hose 36 transferring the meat into the carriage 24.
The squeezed mass of bones falls together with the residue through the discharge opening 9 into a further carriage 37 after having retracted the piston 6.
: The piston 3 is formed by the mantle of a piston-cylinder-aggregate having its piston 38 stationarily fixed within the frame 7. In similar manner, a pressurized air cylinder 39 for the piston 6 is fixed to the frame 17.
~8~77 Acutation of the pistons 3,6 is effected by means of conduits 40 and 41, respectively, supplying the corres-ponding pressurized air aggregates, said conduits receiving pressurized air from a compressor 43 via a control means 42.
S The aggregates 38,39 can, however, also be hydraulically actuated.
The piston 6 can also be used for pressing the clamping plate 16', after reinsertion of the shell 20, against the clamping plate 16, so that the nuts 18 can easily be tightened.
As is shown in the drawing, the internal diameter of the rings 10 is preferably equal to or somewhat greater than the external diameter of the piston 3. The piston 3 can thus be introduced into the interior space of the rings 10 so that the press good can there completely be squeezed.
In an analogous manner, at least the conical tip 7 of the piston 6 can, via an opening ~4 provided in the clamping plate 16'~ be introduced into the inner space of the rings 10, so that the press good contained therein can be pressed in radially outward direction.
The operation of the device according to Figures 3 and ~ is essentially the same than that of a device accord-ing to Figures 1 and 2. It is, however, also possible to perform the operation (as has been described in connection with the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2) such that by recip-rocating the piston 3 several times a plurality of charges of the mass of mea-t and bones is introduced from the supply hopper 2 into the press cavity 8. In this case, the piston 6 can, in correspondence with the increasing residual mass formed within the press cavity 8 after each charge introduced, be pressed back step by step.
The device provides a profitable recovery of 7'7 residual meat from pigs as well as from cattle, calves, sheep and other meat-producing animals. The yield from the recovery of residual meat is, in dependence on the bone material, up to 5S percent. The content in calcium is sub-stantially below the maximum admitted value and lower thanin meat obtained by manually removing meat from bones~ By the mentioned stepwise squeezing, the residual meat does emerge under a lower resistance, so that in praxis no tem-perature increase will occur.
1~
~ he invention ~r~ to a device for severin~ meat fro~
bone by pressi.ng the mass of ~eat ar.d bone within a press c&vity arranged with rec~bent axis and being stationary during the preqsing operation and into which said mass of meat and bone can be introduced via a sup~ly connection directed upwardl~ and transversely relative to the axis of the press cavity and from which the rem~inin~ bones and meat residues can, after the pressing o~eration, be removed via a closable dis-charge opening 9 the press cavity bein~ provided between t~is discharge opening and the supply connection with slit shaped outlet openings for the meat h~ving ass~ed a pasty condition during the pressing operation and said outlet openings being delimited by a group of rings.
~IP~
In known clevices of the ~ mentioned (~ OS ~ 501 6~3), a pi~ton is introduced into the press cavity from one side thereo~ ~nd is pressing the mass of meat and bone introduced into the press cavity against a plurality of rings ~rranged at the side of the discharge openirlg of -the press cavity and having a conically taperin~ internal width. The disc~arge opening can be closed by means of a slide bein~ moveable in transverse direction to the axis of the piston. The ~lasticized meat flows through the ~lot-shaped outlet openings forrned between the rings into ~l annular space surrounding the rings and having connected thereto a dischar~e means for the meat ma6s thus obtained. ~he residual bones and meat re~idues are, how~
ever, pushed through the discharge opening after having opened ~8~7~7 the slide, This device shows the disadvantage that the dis-charge opening for the bone and meat residues remaining after the pressing operation has a substantially smaller cross sec-tion than has the press cavity so that bulky bones can object the operation. Further, the rings defining the outlet open-ings are different in shape and are thus not interchangeable and can therefore be mounted within the device only in a definite sequence. When operating this device it is in addi-tion necessary to release the slide closing the discharge opening by retracting the piston because only then it becomes possible to move the slide for the purpose o~ opening the dis-charge opening. This is responsible for a delay in the opera-ting sequence of the device. Finally, it is also disavantag-eous that the pressed good pushed into the discharge opening and primarily consisting of bones must be shifted through the through-passage of the slide having an only small thickness as measured in axial direction of the piston. By a bone remaining within this through-passage the movement of the slide can be blocked.
The present invention improves the device initially defined such tha-t the drawbacks mentioned above are avoided.
In particular the present invention increases the operating safety and effic:iency of such a device and to facilitate and ~5 accelerate operation and cleaning of this device.
According to the invention, the cylindrical press cavity is delimited by a plurality of rings of mutual equal shape and size and is on both of its ends closed by axially shiftable pistons and in that one of these pistons is, during its retracting movement, makinq free the discharge opening which is in connection with a dis-charge path extending in downward direction and transversely relative to the axis of the press cavity. The piston which is movable in direction of the axis of the press cavity and controls the discharge opening, thus avoids the drawbacks of a slide movable in transverse direction to the axis of the press cavity and, in addition, allows a more intense and effective squeezing of the pressed goods. For shifting the pressed goods out of the device it is thus no longer neces-sary to release the piston exerting a pressure force in direction to the discharge opening. The discharge opening arranged in transverse direction relative to the axis of the press cavity can without any difficulties be given a suf-ficient length and width so that even bulky bones can with-out difficulties pass this discharge opening. The inven-tion additionally allows to delimit the press cavity by a plurality of rings of mutually equal shape and size and thus to reduce the production costs for the rings and addition-ally provides advantages when re-introducing the rings into the device after cleaning work because a special arrangement of the rings need not be considered. The invention addi-tionally provides the possibility to make the internal dia-meter of the rings equal to the diameter of at least one ofthe pistons so that this piston is entering the press cavity in matched relation. This does not only contribute to auto-matically keep clean the rings but also to a more intense and efficient squeezing or compression of the pressed good.
For forming the slit-shaped outlet openings it is convenient to provide on the rings and distributed over their circum-ference spacers, the rings being, for example, by piercing bolts extending in parallel relation to the axis or by engagement of the spacers within recesses of the adjacent ring, securecl against becoming shifted in radial direction.
If the rings are maintained at a distance from the internal wall of a common cylindrical shell being removable together with the rings from the path of movement of the pistons in normal direction thereto, removal and reinstallation of the rings for cleaning purposes becomes substantially facili-tated.
Removal of the shell accommodating the rings is, according to the invention, facilitated if the shell can be extracted from the path of movement of the pistons along a guide means or if the shell c~ be swung out around an axis. In the case it is recommended that clamping plates are contacting both sides of the shell in its operating position within the device, said clamping plates being travelled through by the pistons and being adapted for being mutually clamped and at least one of said clamping plates being removable from the shell in di-rection of movement of the piston after having loosened the clamping means. Thus, the shell can be released and be pul-led with exertion of only low forces from between the clamp-ing plates without the danger of becoming scratched. Pres-sure release of the shell is facilitated if the clamping pla-tes are pressed one from the other by elastic elements, the spring force of which is overcome by the clamping means.
For preventing the rings from falling out of the shell on removal of the shell, the shell has, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a central annular rib on its internal wall and one set of rings is located on either si~e said annular rib. Each of these sets of rings is maintained in position by means of an end ring of increased thickness and sealingly engaging the shell so that the plas-ticised meat cannot emerge from the front ends of the shell.
A particularly favourable embodiment of the invention provides piercing bolts extending on both sides of the annular rib, on which the rings can be pinned with recesses provided on thelr circumference or with openings, noting that the recesses or openings are staggered one against the other in direction of the circumference for unequal angles. This results in a quite definite insertion of the rings in only one definite '77 angular position, the rings being, however, mutually inter-changeable. Preferably, the arrangement of the bolts is different for both sets of rings for permanently keeping the rings of one set separated from the rings of the other set.
It is convenient to maintain the bolts with their ends oppo-sed from the annular rib within openings of the end rings, because in this manner the bolts are maintained in an exactly aligned condition.
According to an advantageous further development of the invention, at least one of both pistons is tapered and composed over part of its conical area of rings at its generated surface, said rings defining between themselves outlet openings for the meat. The tapered portion of the piston penetrates the mass of bone and meat along the axis of the press cavity, so that this mass becomes pressed in outward direction against the rings, thus not only increas-ing the ac-tion of the pressing pressure but also acting, above all, better on the mass portions located adjacent the axis of the press cavity.
The inventive process for operating the device described essentially consists in that the mass of meat and bones is introduced into the press cavity by means of one piston and is then compressed between both pistons, so that the pasty meat is emerging the slits between the rings, and in that finally both pistons are moved in the same direction for moving the pressed good remaining after finished press-ing operation in longitudinal direction of the press cavity out of this cavity in direction to the discharge opening.
This results in a continuous operation and, compared with known devices of equal size, in an increased throughput with simultaneously increased operating safety~ According -to the invention the operation is preferably such that the piston introducin~ the mass of meat and bones into the press cavity is, for the purpose of introducing several charges, recipro-~8~7~
cated several -~imes, the other piston being arrested during retracting movement of said first mentioned piston. On each stroke of said first mentioned piston, a portion of the mass of meat and bones is introduced into -the press cavity and compressed together with-the press good already contained therein. The piston associated with the discharge opening is conveniently retracted in accordance with the increasing amount of press good within the press cavity.
In the drawings, embodiments of the subject of the invention are schematically shown.
Figure 1 shows the principle of the device in a section;
Figure 2 shows a detail of the arrangement of the rings in a section;
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a modified em-bodiment; and Fi~ure 4 shows a section along line IV-IV of Fig-ure 3 in an enlarged scale.
:
The device has a press cylinder 1 having connected to its top side a supply hopper 2 and having therein a press piston 3 provided with a plate front surface 4, said press piston 3 being shiftable in its longitudinal direction by means of a drive means not shown in Flgure 1~ An outlet cylinder 5 of similar construction is provided at the other end of the ~evice and has arranged therein for shifting move-ment in axial direction a piston 6 being provided at its surface facin~ the press cavity 8 with a conical tip 7.
This piston 6 is by means of a drive means, which is equally not shown in detail, of smaller power than has the drive means of the piston 3, driven for being moved in direction 7~7 to the press cavity 8. The mantle of the press cavity 8 is composed of a plurality of mutually identical rings 10 being arranged one beside the other with formation of slit-shaped outlet openings 11 for plasticized meat. For this purpose, spacer members 12 are on one side of each ring 10 distribu-ted over the circumference of the respective rings and de-pressions 13 are associated with these spacer members on the other side of the respec-tive rings, said depressions match-ing correspondingly the spacer members. The spacer members 12 of one ring are engaging the depressions 13 of the adja-cent ring so that the rings 10 are secured in their relative position.
The rings 10 are arranged between two clamping plates 16,16' which are firmly connected by means of screw bolts 15 with flanges 14,14' of the supply cylinder 1 and the discharge cylinder 5, respectively. By tightening the screws 15, the rings 10 are fixed in their position and the whole unit is clamped together such that the pressure re-quired for severing the mass of meat from the bones can beexerted.
The mode of action of this device is as follows:
The press good to be treated and consisting of raw meat and bones is introduced into the supply cylinder 1 via the supply hopper 2 and pushed into the press cavity 8 by means of the piston 3. Simultaneously, also the piston 6 is shifted in opposite direction to the direction of movement of the piston 3. The press good is thus compressed within the press cavity 8 and the tapered tip 7 of the piston 6 is, in addition, pressing the press good in outward direction. Under the action of the compression force, the major part of the meat is given a pasty consistency and, with this consistency, pressed outward from the press cavity and through the slit-shaped outlet opening 11 existing between the rings 10,where the meat emerges over the whole circumference of the rings. As soon as the front end of the press piston 3 has approached the tip 7 of the piston 6 and the press pressure of the piston 3 has reached a val~le exceeding the maximum press pressure of the piston 6, the piston 6 is pushed back-wardly by the piston 3 and the remainder of the press good remaining within the press cavity, essentially the mass of bones, is discharged through the discharge opening 9 in down-ward direction, i.e. transversely to the direction of the a~es of the pistons 3 and 6.
The conical tip 7 of the piston 6 can be provided with ribs parallely extending relative to the generatrices of the mantle surface, said ribs acting as a guide means for the press good.
In the embodiment according to Figures 3 and 4, two clamping plates 16,16' are supported within the frame 17, the clamping plate 16 being rigidly connected with the screw bolts 15 designed as strong tension rods, whereas the clamp-ing plate 16' is pierced by these screw bol~s and pressed agains-t the clamping plate 16 by nuts 18 screwed onto the screw bolts 15, the clamping plate 16' being pressed against the clamping plate 16 against the action of elastic elements 19, for example cup springs, rubber blocks or the like, being tensioned on tightening of the nuts 18. The elastic elements 1~ are, in this case interpositioned between rods 21 connected with the clamping plates 16,16'. Between the clamping plates 16,16', there is located a cylindrical shell ~0 surrounding the press cavity 8 and enclosing the rings 10 defining the outlet openings 11 wlth a certain clearance so that an annu:lar space 22 is kept free between the circurn-ferential surace of the rings 10 and the inner surface of the shell 20, said annular space serving as a collecting space for the plasticized meat which is discharged from this annular space 22 via hoses 23 extending through the shell 20 into a carriage 24 having been moved into the frame 17. A
central annular rib 25 is provided within the shell 20 for subdividing -the total number of rings into two sets of rings, the rings of which are pinned onto bolts 26 fixed on both sides of said annular rib 25. Three such bolts 26 are pro-vided for each set of rings 10, said bolts engaging recesseson the mantle surface of the rings 10. For obtaining unam-biguous pinned position of the rings 10 on said bolts 26, the bolts 26 are staggered one against the other for unequal angles in circumferential direction of the annular rib so that the rings 10 can be pinned onto bolts 26 in only one definite position. For reliably keeping separated the rings 10 of one set of rings from the other set of rings, the arrangement of the bolts 26 on one side of the annular rib 25 is different from the arrangement of the bol-ts on the other side of the annular rib. The ends of the bolts 26 are in engagement with end rings 27 and are thus reliably main-tained in position. These end rings 27 are introduced into the front ends of the shell 20 and sealed relative to the shell by means of O-rings 28 along their circumferential wall, so that meat cannot emerge from the annular space 22 at this location.
The shell 20 can, together with the rings 10 be maintained in position by this shell, be shifted in trans-verse direction relative to the axes of the pistons 3,6,whereupon the rings 10 can, after removal of the end rings 27, easily be taken out of the shell 20 for cleaning purposes and equally easily be reinstalled. For providing a possi bility to extract the shell 20, the shell 20 is fixed onto bent brackets 29, the other ends of which are non-rotatably fixed on a shaft 30, in its turn being pivotable by means of pneumatic cylinders 31 linlced with said shaft 30. The pneu-matic cylinders 31 are operated by a control means 33 via a conduit 32.
~5 ~s is shown in Figure ~, the brackets 29 are bent such that they will not collide with the screw bolts 15 and the rods 21, respectively, when swivelling out the shell 20 around the axis of the shaft 30.
S Prior to swivelling ou-t the shell 20, the clamped condition of the clamping plates 16,16' must be discontinued by loosening the nuts 18, whereby the elastic elements 19 force both clamping plates 16,16' one from the other and the clamping plate 16' is sliding on the screw bolts 15. The front ends of the shell 20 are thus released and the shell can be swung out wi.thout problems.
Each of the rings 10 comprises on one of its front surface grooves for the emerging meat, said grooves being delimited by webs of essentially trapezoidal shape. For the ease of manufacturing such grooves, these grooves are provi-ded wi~h mutually parallel limiting walls. The depth of the grooves is approximately 0.5 mm and the same at all loca-tions. Each ring is chamferred on its inner mantle surface so that an effect like that of barbs is exerted on the mass of meat and bones.
As is shown in Figure 3, the piston 6 is provided at its conicaltip 7 with a section equally formed of rings 34. At this section the plasticized mass of meat can also enter the interior of the piston 6, from where this mass of meat can flow via passages 35 provided within the piston 6 into a hose 36 transferring the meat into the carriage 24.
The squeezed mass of bones falls together with the residue through the discharge opening 9 into a further carriage 37 after having retracted the piston 6.
: The piston 3 is formed by the mantle of a piston-cylinder-aggregate having its piston 38 stationarily fixed within the frame 7. In similar manner, a pressurized air cylinder 39 for the piston 6 is fixed to the frame 17.
~8~77 Acutation of the pistons 3,6 is effected by means of conduits 40 and 41, respectively, supplying the corres-ponding pressurized air aggregates, said conduits receiving pressurized air from a compressor 43 via a control means 42.
S The aggregates 38,39 can, however, also be hydraulically actuated.
The piston 6 can also be used for pressing the clamping plate 16', after reinsertion of the shell 20, against the clamping plate 16, so that the nuts 18 can easily be tightened.
As is shown in the drawing, the internal diameter of the rings 10 is preferably equal to or somewhat greater than the external diameter of the piston 3. The piston 3 can thus be introduced into the interior space of the rings 10 so that the press good can there completely be squeezed.
In an analogous manner, at least the conical tip 7 of the piston 6 can, via an opening ~4 provided in the clamping plate 16'~ be introduced into the inner space of the rings 10, so that the press good contained therein can be pressed in radially outward direction.
The operation of the device according to Figures 3 and ~ is essentially the same than that of a device accord-ing to Figures 1 and 2. It is, however, also possible to perform the operation (as has been described in connection with the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2) such that by recip-rocating the piston 3 several times a plurality of charges of the mass of mea-t and bones is introduced from the supply hopper 2 into the press cavity 8. In this case, the piston 6 can, in correspondence with the increasing residual mass formed within the press cavity 8 after each charge introduced, be pressed back step by step.
The device provides a profitable recovery of 7'7 residual meat from pigs as well as from cattle, calves, sheep and other meat-producing animals. The yield from the recovery of residual meat is, in dependence on the bone material, up to 5S percent. The content in calcium is sub-stantially below the maximum admitted value and lower thanin meat obtained by manually removing meat from bones~ By the mentioned stepwise squeezing, the residual meat does emerge under a lower resistance, so that in praxis no tem-perature increase will occur.
1~
Claims (15)
1. A device for severing meat from bone by pressing the mass of meat and bone within a press cavity having a re cumbent axis and being stationary during the pressing opera-tion and into which said mass of meat and bone can be intro-duced via a supply connection directed upwardly and trans-versely relative to the axis of the press cavity and from which the remaining bones and meat residues can, after the pressing operation, be removed via a closable discharge open-ing, the press cavity being provided between this discharge opening and the supply connection with slit-shaped outlet openings for the meat which has assumed a pasty condition during the pressing operation and said out-let openings being delimited by a group of rings, in which the cylindrical press cavity is delimited by a plurality of rings of mutually equal shape and size and is on both of its sides closed by axially move-able pistons and one of said pistons during its retracting movement, making the discharge opening free which is in con-nection with a discharge path extending downwardly and trans-versely relative to the axis of the press cavity.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, in which at least one of said both pistons is tapered and composed over part of its conical area of rings at its mantle surface, said rings including therebetween outlet openings for the meat.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1, in which the internal diameter of the rings is equal to the diameter of at least one of said pistons.
4. A device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which for forming the slit-shaped outlet openings spacers are pro-vided on the rings and distributed over their circumference, the rings being secured against movement in radial direction by the spacers engaging recesses of the adjacent ring.
5. A device as claimed in claim 1, in which the rings are supported in a common cylindrical shell and at a distance from its internal wall, said shell being removable from the path of the pistons together with the rings.
6. A device as claimed in claim 5, in which the shell is adapted to be extracted from the path of the pistons along a guide means or can be swung out around an axis.
7. A device as claimed in claim 6, in which the shell is in its operating position contacted at both sides by clamping plates, through which the pistons pass and are adapted to be mutually clamped, one of said clamping plates, or loosening the clamping means, being removable from the shell in direction of the piston stroke,
8. A device as claimed in claim 7, in which the clamping plates are pressed one from the other by elastic elements.
9. A device as claimed in claim 5, in which the shell has a central annular rib on its internal wall, one set of rings being located on either side of said annular rib.
10. A device as claimed in claim 9, in which each set of rings is maintained in position by an end ring of in-creased thickness, said end ring sealingly engaging the shell.
11. A device as claimed in claim 9, in which the annular rib carries on both sides bolts extending beyond the set of rings, the rings being adapted for being pinned onto the rings by means of recesses provided on their circumference or by means of openings, the recesses or openings being mutually staggered in circumferential direction of the rings for unequal angles.
12. A device as claimed in claim 11, in which the arrangement of the bolts is different for both sets of rings.
13. A device as claimed in claim 10, 11 or 12, in which the bolts are retained with their ends remote from the annular rib in openings of the end rings.
14. A process for operating a device according to claim 1, in which the mass of meat and bones is introduced into the press cavity from the supply connection by one of both pistons and is then compressed between both pistons, so that the pasty meat emerges from the slits between the rings, and both pistons are simultaneously moved in the same direction whereby the remaining pressed goods are, after having termina-ted the pressing operation, moved by the first-mentioned piston in longitudinal direction of the press cavity and out from the press cavity through the discharge opening to the discharge path.
15. A process as claimed in claim 14, in which the piston introducing the mass of meat and bones from the supply connection into the press cavity is reciprocated several times for introducing a plurality of charges, the other piston being arrested during retracting movement of the first-mentioned piston.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000391640A CA1184477A (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1981-12-07 | Device for severing meat from bone and process for operating this device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000391640A CA1184477A (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1981-12-07 | Device for severing meat from bone and process for operating this device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1184477A true CA1184477A (en) | 1985-03-26 |
Family
ID=4121572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000391640A Expired CA1184477A (en) | 1981-12-07 | 1981-12-07 | Device for severing meat from bone and process for operating this device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1184477A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-12-07 CA CA000391640A patent/CA1184477A/en not_active Expired
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