CA1180832A - Method and apparatus for producing optical displays - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing optical displaysInfo
- Publication number
- CA1180832A CA1180832A CA000369917A CA369917A CA1180832A CA 1180832 A CA1180832 A CA 1180832A CA 000369917 A CA000369917 A CA 000369917A CA 369917 A CA369917 A CA 369917A CA 1180832 A CA1180832 A CA 1180832A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- image
- parameter
- real
- representation
- scene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Image Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract Method and apparatus are disclosed for creating optical displays from a real optical scene with an optical feedback circuit projecting a parameter of the original scene for combination with the original scene itself or an image thereof. The feedback circuit may influence the parametric image in many ways to influence the combined optical display. For instance, the parametric image may be a negative of the real scene to produce a null combined display showing motion where the parametric image is time delayed or the parametric image may be defocused to produce a combined display with edge enhancement. The feedback circuit may project a vertical parametric image to create fixed relation combined displays or the feedback circuit can project real parametric images continuously to create a combined display which changes progressively as a function of the relation between original and parametric images. The method and apparatus may be used for a variety of purposes such as motion detection in security devices or live sperm counting or real image enhancement in biological microscopy.
Description
3~
Technical Field This invention relates to optical displays and i.mage enhancement.
Background Art Drama~i.c improvements have ~een made in recent years in the field of image enhancement. Most of these improvements have been made in the aerospace industry where, for instance, an image improved picture is made fron, a satellite picture where the image improved picture is vastly clearer than the original satellite picture to the extent that it seems to contain information absent from the original. These image enhancement techniques are performed as electronic manipulations of signals which represent the picture rather than by manipulation of real optical scenes themselves.
In accordance with this invention image enhancement is performed with all of the versatility of the known electronic digital image enhancement tech-niques, 6ut employing manipulation of the real optical scenes so that character-istics of the original scene participate throughout the image enhancement process and in the final composite optical display.
While some devices in the past, such as document veri-fication devices~
have employed techniques where an image is projected onto a mask or pattern, like a negative, which is a parameter of some predetermined valid document, none of those devices~ like this invention, projected together an image and a param-eter of itself. Thus, these prior devices have used projection to compare a real optical scene to a standard, but they have not produced the unique results which are produced with this invention hy the interaction o~ a real optical scene and its parametric image.
Dlsclosure of Invention Thi.s invention relates to optical systems and more particularly to arrangen~entg Oe optical systetlls including feedback circuits in which a parameter 3~
of a real scene is projected onto the live scene or an image of ~he live scene.
In its si.mplest sense the invention can be viewed as taking a picture of a real scene and projecting the plcture back on the scene itself. The result is generally emphasis of all information content of the scene increasing contrasts and color intensities.
In more complex forms of the invention, the picture of the real scene is su~jected to change to produce a picture which is a parameter of the real scene and the parametric image is projected back on the original scene or on the image. The simple form of the invention is really just a limiting case of these complex forms ~here the parametric relationship be~ween the original scene and parametric image i5 a one to one relationship.
A variety of changes may be employed in forming the parametric image from the original scene and these different parametric relationships produce many useful results in the composite optical display when the parametric image is recombined with the original scene or with an image of the original. For instance, the parametric image may be a negative or time delayed or subject to spatial modulation or color modulation.
W~ere the parametric image is a negative of the original scene, the combined optical display will have reduced contrast from the real scene with the contrast reduction extending all of the way to a null picture ~uniform gray) depending upon the relative intensities of the illumination in the original scene and the projection of the parametric image and the absorption and reflectiv-ity of materials where recombination takes place. Many situations exist where the composite display of this type with reduced contrast produces useful results.
~or instance, in many industrlal inspection situations where microcircuitry and the like are inspected, these composite displays can increase the visibility of dull features which are normally obscured because of their proximity to bright 133~
featurcs, and features which differentially absorb light of a particular wave-length can be distinguished from each othe-r.
The use of a negative parametric image is particularly advantageous when combined with time delay. Thus, where the parametric image is a negati-ve image of a real sccne projected back Oll the real scene after a time delay, the composite display is a reduced contrast, more or less null image, in which any moving article is emphasized. In the ultimate case of a pure null image only moving components are visible and all stationary components in the real scene are invisible. Component displays of this type are useful in watc'ning an article undergo a processing change during manufacture.
Many desirable results can be produced in the composite display where the parametric image is produced with spatial modulation such as defocusing.
Thus, a de~ocused parametric image combines with the real subject to obscure generalities and emphasize major transitions in the original subject. This can viewad generally as tending to convert a half-tone picture into an outline or line drawing picture. This technique is important where it is desirable to pro-duce a composite display which emphasizes the outlines of objects. Consider, for instance, the problems in microscopy where different shaped cells are to be ex-amined. A defocused image is projected onto the cell sample in a microscopic field of view producing emphasis of the edges of the cells in the focal plane of the microscope. Note that t~e parametric defocused image might also be a partial negative image to increase illumination in the peripheral areas of v-iew where normal illumination of the microscope field is weak.
S~me of the most powerful benefits of the invention are obtained when projection of the parametric image and the real scene together is performed con-tinuously with real images. Thus, some of the techniques mentioned above may be used on a finite basis where recombination of the parametric image and real 3~
scene ends there. This is the case where the parametric image is a vir~ual image or where the combined optical display ls not further photographed, para-metrically modified and recombined. In other situations unique advantages are obtained where the parametric image is a real image and the composite display is a real combination which is further and continuously photographed, parametri-cally modified and recombined. This technique can be performed most conveniently with optical equipment such as television cameras, digital processors ~nd tele-vision projectors which can parametrically modify and recombine real images con-tinuously in real time.
The powerful results of these continuous systems may be appreciated from these examples. Where a semen sample is examined under a microscope by a television camera, the output of which is converted into a negative image time delayed slightly and reprojected by a television projector onto the sample, a technician examining the sample to perform a count of live spermatozoa will see only the live spermatozoa with dead spermatozoa and stationary debris washed out of the image.
Similarly~ a negative time delayed image of a security area combined with the original image and displayed on a monitor will instantly call a guard's attention to intrusion into khe security area.
2U Where the real optical scene is a transparent tube or passageway with a clear fluid containing particulata matter flowing through it~ ~he real scene combined with a negative time delayed image will show a picture of the particles which were in motion. Note that the fluid medium was in mo~.ion too, but it does not appear in the composite image because the fluid is uniform so that different parts of it appear to be the same optically. Careful adjustment of the time de-lay in the parametric image can produce very useful results. For instance, slower moving particles near the edges of the s~ream may be weaker optical com-~L~8~3~
ponents in the combined di3play while faster moving particles in the center of the stream will be brighter components Such a composite display carri.es i.m-portant f:Low information, and if a constant time delay is used corresponding to overage ~low rate, the composite display gives a live picture of flow for uses like wind tunnels.
In the example given above for combining a defocused parametric image of cells with the original, the addition of continuous sweeping of the focal plane of the microscope an.d continuous parametric modification and reprojection can permit the technician to see the cell surface in topological projection.
Continuous parame~ric modification of and recombination with the com-posite display has particular advantages and produces surprising results where the real optical scene contains components with non-uniform reflectivi~y at different colors, ~nd these results may be enhanced by detection of the composite display and reprojection of the parametric image through differen~ color filters.
A variety of additional applications of th.is method will be apparent considering the variety of modifications which can be employed singly and in combination in preparing the parametric image. These changes include changes in color, time, size, intensity and all of the other manipulations which have developed in the field of image enhancement. Additionally, the method of this 2n invention can be practiced with a variety of forms of apparatus.
The preferred apparatus of the invention for practice of the method of the invention uses the television camera, processor and projector mentioned above, and there are a number of ways that these can be arranged for particular desired results.
Bri_f Desc_iption of Drawings In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of one form of the a.pparatus of thi.s in-3~
ventlon which ls a~apted ~or direct microscopic viewing o~` an optical display prod~ced in accordance with the method and apparatus o this invention.
Pigure 2 ls a schematic view of an alternative form of the apparatus of the invention in which the parametric image is recombined with the real op-tical scene at the carnera stage of the feedback circuit instead of on the real subject itself so that the real subject can still be viewed unaltered.
~ igure 3 is a schematic view of another alternative form of the ap-paratus of the lnventi.on ln which the parametrlc image is recombined wlth an image of the original scene so that the original scene remains unaltered and the parametric modlfication is finite instead of progressive. Viewed from the eye of the observer he sees a virtual image of the parametric image superimposed on an image of the real scene.
Best_Mode For Carrying Out The Invention Referring now in detail to the drawings and particularly to Figure 1, the system illustrated therein consists of an optical block containing a main b,~re 10 with branch bores 12 and 14. The main bore supports a magnifying lens 16 which is adapted to be focused on a specîmen 18 supported at a stage 20. As lndicated above the stage 20 may be a flat support zone or in the alternative may bo a conduit through whlch the specimen 18 moves.
2Q Posltioned at the opposite end of the bore 10 from the magnifying lens 16 is a televIsion camera which is preferably a charge coupled device, for in-stance~ RC~ CCD camera TC ll60. Mounted in the main bore 10 opposite the branch bores 12 and 14 are beam splitters 24 and 26, respectlvely, which may be conven-tional products such as Natlonal Photocolor Corporation Beam Splitting Pellicle standard dlcroic coatlng ~ST-SQ-DC). The beam splitter 24 permits direct view-ing of the specimen 18 through eye piece 28, and the beam splitter 26 pe~mits transmlssion o t'he image of specimen 18 to CCD camera 22 while at the same time 13~
reflecting a parametric image ~rom a projection cathode-ray tube 30 through projection lens 32 back onto the specimen 18.
A television monitor 34 is connected to the camera 22 to perrnit rnoni-toring of the camera output, and a digital processor 36, such as an Intel ~ulti-bus 8080 is connected between the CCD camera 22 and projecting CRT 30 for mani-pulating the camera output to produce at the CRT a parametric image of the speci-men 18.
This apparatus thus provides a closed circuit optical system for pro-duction of optical displays in accordance with the method described above. The closed circuit system includes the support stage 20 where the specimen is viewed, ~he recording stage at camera 22 where an optical representation of the specimen is converted into an electronic signal output, the parametric processing sta~e at digital processor 36 where the electronic output is converted into a parameter of the camera output, the projection stage 30 where the processor output is pro-jected as an optical parametric image of the original specimen 18 back onto the specimen 18 where the combined optical display of the original specimen with its superi.mposed parametric image is continuously viewed by the camera 22, further parametrically modi~ied by the processor 36 and reprojected by the CRT 30.
As indicated above, the parametric processing stage consists of a
Technical Field This invention relates to optical displays and i.mage enhancement.
Background Art Drama~i.c improvements have ~een made in recent years in the field of image enhancement. Most of these improvements have been made in the aerospace industry where, for instance, an image improved picture is made fron, a satellite picture where the image improved picture is vastly clearer than the original satellite picture to the extent that it seems to contain information absent from the original. These image enhancement techniques are performed as electronic manipulations of signals which represent the picture rather than by manipulation of real optical scenes themselves.
In accordance with this invention image enhancement is performed with all of the versatility of the known electronic digital image enhancement tech-niques, 6ut employing manipulation of the real optical scenes so that character-istics of the original scene participate throughout the image enhancement process and in the final composite optical display.
While some devices in the past, such as document veri-fication devices~
have employed techniques where an image is projected onto a mask or pattern, like a negative, which is a parameter of some predetermined valid document, none of those devices~ like this invention, projected together an image and a param-eter of itself. Thus, these prior devices have used projection to compare a real optical scene to a standard, but they have not produced the unique results which are produced with this invention hy the interaction o~ a real optical scene and its parametric image.
Dlsclosure of Invention Thi.s invention relates to optical systems and more particularly to arrangen~entg Oe optical systetlls including feedback circuits in which a parameter 3~
of a real scene is projected onto the live scene or an image of ~he live scene.
In its si.mplest sense the invention can be viewed as taking a picture of a real scene and projecting the plcture back on the scene itself. The result is generally emphasis of all information content of the scene increasing contrasts and color intensities.
In more complex forms of the invention, the picture of the real scene is su~jected to change to produce a picture which is a parameter of the real scene and the parametric image is projected back on the original scene or on the image. The simple form of the invention is really just a limiting case of these complex forms ~here the parametric relationship be~ween the original scene and parametric image i5 a one to one relationship.
A variety of changes may be employed in forming the parametric image from the original scene and these different parametric relationships produce many useful results in the composite optical display when the parametric image is recombined with the original scene or with an image of the original. For instance, the parametric image may be a negative or time delayed or subject to spatial modulation or color modulation.
W~ere the parametric image is a negative of the original scene, the combined optical display will have reduced contrast from the real scene with the contrast reduction extending all of the way to a null picture ~uniform gray) depending upon the relative intensities of the illumination in the original scene and the projection of the parametric image and the absorption and reflectiv-ity of materials where recombination takes place. Many situations exist where the composite display of this type with reduced contrast produces useful results.
~or instance, in many industrlal inspection situations where microcircuitry and the like are inspected, these composite displays can increase the visibility of dull features which are normally obscured because of their proximity to bright 133~
featurcs, and features which differentially absorb light of a particular wave-length can be distinguished from each othe-r.
The use of a negative parametric image is particularly advantageous when combined with time delay. Thus, where the parametric image is a negati-ve image of a real sccne projected back Oll the real scene after a time delay, the composite display is a reduced contrast, more or less null image, in which any moving article is emphasized. In the ultimate case of a pure null image only moving components are visible and all stationary components in the real scene are invisible. Component displays of this type are useful in watc'ning an article undergo a processing change during manufacture.
Many desirable results can be produced in the composite display where the parametric image is produced with spatial modulation such as defocusing.
Thus, a de~ocused parametric image combines with the real subject to obscure generalities and emphasize major transitions in the original subject. This can viewad generally as tending to convert a half-tone picture into an outline or line drawing picture. This technique is important where it is desirable to pro-duce a composite display which emphasizes the outlines of objects. Consider, for instance, the problems in microscopy where different shaped cells are to be ex-amined. A defocused image is projected onto the cell sample in a microscopic field of view producing emphasis of the edges of the cells in the focal plane of the microscope. Note that t~e parametric defocused image might also be a partial negative image to increase illumination in the peripheral areas of v-iew where normal illumination of the microscope field is weak.
S~me of the most powerful benefits of the invention are obtained when projection of the parametric image and the real scene together is performed con-tinuously with real images. Thus, some of the techniques mentioned above may be used on a finite basis where recombination of the parametric image and real 3~
scene ends there. This is the case where the parametric image is a vir~ual image or where the combined optical display ls not further photographed, para-metrically modified and recombined. In other situations unique advantages are obtained where the parametric image is a real image and the composite display is a real combination which is further and continuously photographed, parametri-cally modified and recombined. This technique can be performed most conveniently with optical equipment such as television cameras, digital processors ~nd tele-vision projectors which can parametrically modify and recombine real images con-tinuously in real time.
The powerful results of these continuous systems may be appreciated from these examples. Where a semen sample is examined under a microscope by a television camera, the output of which is converted into a negative image time delayed slightly and reprojected by a television projector onto the sample, a technician examining the sample to perform a count of live spermatozoa will see only the live spermatozoa with dead spermatozoa and stationary debris washed out of the image.
Similarly~ a negative time delayed image of a security area combined with the original image and displayed on a monitor will instantly call a guard's attention to intrusion into khe security area.
2U Where the real optical scene is a transparent tube or passageway with a clear fluid containing particulata matter flowing through it~ ~he real scene combined with a negative time delayed image will show a picture of the particles which were in motion. Note that the fluid medium was in mo~.ion too, but it does not appear in the composite image because the fluid is uniform so that different parts of it appear to be the same optically. Careful adjustment of the time de-lay in the parametric image can produce very useful results. For instance, slower moving particles near the edges of the s~ream may be weaker optical com-~L~8~3~
ponents in the combined di3play while faster moving particles in the center of the stream will be brighter components Such a composite display carri.es i.m-portant f:Low information, and if a constant time delay is used corresponding to overage ~low rate, the composite display gives a live picture of flow for uses like wind tunnels.
In the example given above for combining a defocused parametric image of cells with the original, the addition of continuous sweeping of the focal plane of the microscope an.d continuous parametric modification and reprojection can permit the technician to see the cell surface in topological projection.
Continuous parame~ric modification of and recombination with the com-posite display has particular advantages and produces surprising results where the real optical scene contains components with non-uniform reflectivi~y at different colors, ~nd these results may be enhanced by detection of the composite display and reprojection of the parametric image through differen~ color filters.
A variety of additional applications of th.is method will be apparent considering the variety of modifications which can be employed singly and in combination in preparing the parametric image. These changes include changes in color, time, size, intensity and all of the other manipulations which have developed in the field of image enhancement. Additionally, the method of this 2n invention can be practiced with a variety of forms of apparatus.
The preferred apparatus of the invention for practice of the method of the invention uses the television camera, processor and projector mentioned above, and there are a number of ways that these can be arranged for particular desired results.
Bri_f Desc_iption of Drawings In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of one form of the a.pparatus of thi.s in-3~
ventlon which ls a~apted ~or direct microscopic viewing o~` an optical display prod~ced in accordance with the method and apparatus o this invention.
Pigure 2 ls a schematic view of an alternative form of the apparatus of the invention in which the parametric image is recombined with the real op-tical scene at the carnera stage of the feedback circuit instead of on the real subject itself so that the real subject can still be viewed unaltered.
~ igure 3 is a schematic view of another alternative form of the ap-paratus of the lnventi.on ln which the parametrlc image is recombined wlth an image of the original scene so that the original scene remains unaltered and the parametric modlfication is finite instead of progressive. Viewed from the eye of the observer he sees a virtual image of the parametric image superimposed on an image of the real scene.
Best_Mode For Carrying Out The Invention Referring now in detail to the drawings and particularly to Figure 1, the system illustrated therein consists of an optical block containing a main b,~re 10 with branch bores 12 and 14. The main bore supports a magnifying lens 16 which is adapted to be focused on a specîmen 18 supported at a stage 20. As lndicated above the stage 20 may be a flat support zone or in the alternative may bo a conduit through whlch the specimen 18 moves.
2Q Posltioned at the opposite end of the bore 10 from the magnifying lens 16 is a televIsion camera which is preferably a charge coupled device, for in-stance~ RC~ CCD camera TC ll60. Mounted in the main bore 10 opposite the branch bores 12 and 14 are beam splitters 24 and 26, respectlvely, which may be conven-tional products such as Natlonal Photocolor Corporation Beam Splitting Pellicle standard dlcroic coatlng ~ST-SQ-DC). The beam splitter 24 permits direct view-ing of the specimen 18 through eye piece 28, and the beam splitter 26 pe~mits transmlssion o t'he image of specimen 18 to CCD camera 22 while at the same time 13~
reflecting a parametric image ~rom a projection cathode-ray tube 30 through projection lens 32 back onto the specimen 18.
A television monitor 34 is connected to the camera 22 to perrnit rnoni-toring of the camera output, and a digital processor 36, such as an Intel ~ulti-bus 8080 is connected between the CCD camera 22 and projecting CRT 30 for mani-pulating the camera output to produce at the CRT a parametric image of the speci-men 18.
This apparatus thus provides a closed circuit optical system for pro-duction of optical displays in accordance with the method described above. The closed circuit system includes the support stage 20 where the specimen is viewed, ~he recording stage at camera 22 where an optical representation of the specimen is converted into an electronic signal output, the parametric processing sta~e at digital processor 36 where the electronic output is converted into a parameter of the camera output, the projection stage 30 where the processor output is pro-jected as an optical parametric image of the original specimen 18 back onto the specimen 18 where the combined optical display of the original specimen with its superi.mposed parametric image is continuously viewed by the camera 22, further parametrically modi~ied by the processor 36 and reprojected by the CRT 30.
As indicated above, the parametric processing stage consists of a
2~ suita~,le digital processor which may be programmed in conventional manner to first convert the output o CCD cam0ra 22 into a digital representation of the camera picture with an analog to digital converter and then perform an~ of the p~rametric manipulations described above on the digital picture and finally re-convert the digital picture to an analog signal for the projection CRT 30.
In place of the digital processor 36 a variety of simp'le circuits may be employed. For i.nstance, the outpu~ of camera 22 may be passed through simple circuits which invert the intensity component of the picture signal and pass f~
that signal through a delay line to provide the negative delayed parametric image describcd above. While the simpler circuits may be employed, ~he digital processor is preferred for its fle~ibility in adapting the system to a variet~
of the parametric images described above.
The apparatus of Figure 2 is similar to the apparatus of Figure 1 except that the beam splitter 26 of Figure l is replaced by the beam splitter 38 of Figure 2. This change changes the closed loop path for reprojection of the parametric image so that the parametric image from CRT 30 is recombined with the real image of the specimen 18 at the input of the CCD camera 22. As a result a technician employing the instrument may simul~aneously view theunaltered specimen through eye piece 28 and the combined optical display on monitor 34. Additional-ly~ where desired, an additional eye piece and beam splitter can be employed between the beam splitter 38 and the camera 22 to permit real viewing of the com-~ined optical display.
In the apparatus of Figure 3, the beam splitter 24 of Figure 1 has been replaced by a pair of beam splitters 40 and 42 and a mirror 44 which deflect an image of the specimen 18 to the eye piece 28, and a beam splitter 46 directs the parametric image from CRT 30 and beam splitter 26 to eye piece 28 where images of the specimen and parametric image are viewed as the combined optical display.
2~ Note that here the image transmission path for the paramctric image is no~
"closed" so that the parametric image is continuously recombined wi~h an image of the specimen, ~ut the parametric modification of the optical display is not pro-gressive since the camera does not see the parametric image.
In place of the digital processor 36 a variety of simp'le circuits may be employed. For i.nstance, the outpu~ of camera 22 may be passed through simple circuits which invert the intensity component of the picture signal and pass f~
that signal through a delay line to provide the negative delayed parametric image describcd above. While the simpler circuits may be employed, ~he digital processor is preferred for its fle~ibility in adapting the system to a variet~
of the parametric images described above.
The apparatus of Figure 2 is similar to the apparatus of Figure 1 except that the beam splitter 26 of Figure l is replaced by the beam splitter 38 of Figure 2. This change changes the closed loop path for reprojection of the parametric image so that the parametric image from CRT 30 is recombined with the real image of the specimen 18 at the input of the CCD camera 22. As a result a technician employing the instrument may simul~aneously view theunaltered specimen through eye piece 28 and the combined optical display on monitor 34. Additional-ly~ where desired, an additional eye piece and beam splitter can be employed between the beam splitter 38 and the camera 22 to permit real viewing of the com-~ined optical display.
In the apparatus of Figure 3, the beam splitter 24 of Figure 1 has been replaced by a pair of beam splitters 40 and 42 and a mirror 44 which deflect an image of the specimen 18 to the eye piece 28, and a beam splitter 46 directs the parametric image from CRT 30 and beam splitter 26 to eye piece 28 where images of the specimen and parametric image are viewed as the combined optical display.
2~ Note that here the image transmission path for the paramctric image is no~
"closed" so that the parametric image is continuously recombined wi~h an image of the specimen, ~ut the parametric modification of the optical display is not pro-gressive since the camera does not see the parametric image.
Claims (14)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of creating an optical display which comprises: producing a representation of a real optical scene; establishing an image transmission path with the path including a stage at which the representation is produced;
and projecting a parameter of the representation onto the real optical scene, whereby a combined optical display is produced comprising the real optical scene combined with a parameter of the representation of the real scene.
and projecting a parameter of the representation onto the real optical scene, whereby a combined optical display is produced comprising the real optical scene combined with a parameter of the representation of the real scene.
2. The method of Claim 1 in which the parameter of the representation is a negative of the representation.
3. The method of Claim 1 in which the parameter of the representation is a defocused image of the representation.
4. The method of Claim 1 in which the parameter of the representation is a delayed image of the representation.
5. The method of Claim 1 in which the parameter of the representation is a delayed negative image of thy representation.
6. The method of Claim 1 in which the image transmission path is a closed path and the step of projecting the parameter of the representation is performed continuously and the representation is transmitted around the closed path con-tinuously whereby a combined optical display is produced comprising the real optical scene progressively and continuously modified by the parameter of the representation.
7. An apparatus for creating an optical display from a real optical scene which comprises: optical means for viewing a real optical scene and transmitting an image thereof; means for generating an electronic signal representing the image; processing means for creating a parameter of the image; and optical pro-jection means for projecting said parameter of the image onto the real optical scene.
8. The apparatus of Claim 7 in which said projection means comprises means for projecting the parameter of the image as a virtual image on the real optical scene.
9. The apparatus of Claim 7 in which said projection means comprises means for projecting the parameter of the image as a real image on the real op-tical scene.
10. The apparatus of Claim 7 in which said processing means comprises means for creating a parameter of the image which is a negative of the image.
11. The apparatus of Claim 7 in which said processing means comprises means for creating a parameter of the image which is a defocused image of the image.
12. The apparatus of Claim 7 in which said processing means comprises means for creating a parameter of the image which is a delayed image of the image.
13. The apparatus of Claim 7 in which the processing means comprises means for creating a parameter of the image which is a delayed negative image of the image.
14. The apparatus of Claim 7 further comprising continuous feedback means including continuous processing means and continuous optical projection means for continuously creating a parameter of the image and continuously combining the parameter of the image with the real optical scene, whereby said apparatus produces a combined optical display comprising the real optical scene progres-sively modified by the parameter of the image.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000369917A CA1180832A (en) | 1981-02-02 | 1981-02-02 | Method and apparatus for producing optical displays |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000369917A CA1180832A (en) | 1981-02-02 | 1981-02-02 | Method and apparatus for producing optical displays |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1180832A true CA1180832A (en) | 1985-01-08 |
Family
ID=4119064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000369917A Expired CA1180832A (en) | 1981-02-02 | 1981-02-02 | Method and apparatus for producing optical displays |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1180832A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-02-02 CA CA000369917A patent/CA1180832A/en not_active Expired
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4502075A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing optical displays | |
| Rose | A unified approach to the performance of photographic film, television pickup tubes, and the human eye | |
| DE19635666C1 (en) | Integrated microscope apparatus | |
| Mattsson | A magnifying viewer for photofluoro-graphic films | |
| CA2144532C (en) | Imaging system | |
| JP2796717B2 (en) | Automatic stereoscopic image forming method and apparatus therefor | |
| US3670098A (en) | Optical scanning apparatus | |
| JPH048996B2 (en) | ||
| CN105278093B (en) | It is a kind of to be used for the system of astronomical target imaging | |
| CA1180832A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing optical displays | |
| US3495036A (en) | Line-illuminating apparatus and method for television | |
| US3887939A (en) | Scanning apparatus and method using sharp and unsharp spots | |
| EP0042377B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing optical displays | |
| US4139291A (en) | System and method for obtaining wide screen Schlieren photographs | |
| TW341744B (en) | Process for imaging points of a video picture and associated apparatus | |
| Bates et al. | Liquid-crystal television optical gates applied to real-time speckle metrology | |
| Amano | Manipulation of material perception with light-field projection | |
| DE2953927T5 (en) | MODEL AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING OPTICAL DISPLAYS | |
| Clauer | A graphical method for television legibility analysis | |
| Lavin | System analysis | |
| Butterfield | Stereoscopic Video Microscope | |
| Kolesnikova | Image processing system for vidicon-based radiation-resistant cameras | |
| KR830008608A (en) | Stereo TV (TV) | |
| Brown | A rapid-scanning micro-densitometer | |
| SU703760A1 (en) | Device for analysis of dispersion systems |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |