CA1171776A - Composite insulating article for thermal and/or acoustic insulation - Google Patents
Composite insulating article for thermal and/or acoustic insulationInfo
- Publication number
- CA1171776A CA1171776A CA000381064A CA381064A CA1171776A CA 1171776 A CA1171776 A CA 1171776A CA 000381064 A CA000381064 A CA 000381064A CA 381064 A CA381064 A CA 381064A CA 1171776 A CA1171776 A CA 1171776A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- self
- insulating
- layer
- impermeable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920013623 Solprene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003345 Elvax® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/04—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/04—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B11/06—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/026—Mattresses, mats, blankets or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
The invention concerns a composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulation, which comprises a layer of insulating material, a layer of an impermeable and self-adhesive material, firmly bonded to at least one face of the insulating layer and a protective, anti-adhesive sheet, removably covering the face of the aforesaid self-adhesive, impermeable layer which remains free. The impermeable and self-adhesive layer comprises a mixture of bitumen and rubber, the rubber being chosen among synthetic and natural rubbers.
The invention concerns a composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulation, which comprises a layer of insulating material, a layer of an impermeable and self-adhesive material, firmly bonded to at least one face of the insulating layer and a protective, anti-adhesive sheet, removably covering the face of the aforesaid self-adhesive, impermeable layer which remains free. The impermeable and self-adhesive layer comprises a mixture of bitumen and rubber, the rubber being chosen among synthetic and natural rubbers.
Description
117~'77~
The present invention concerns, as a new industrial product, a composite insulating article, particu-larly useful as a thermal and/or acoustic insulator in any technological field in which insulation operations are required.
While it is understood that the insulating article according to the present invention is useful in a great many sectors, which range from insulation of roofs, walls, ceilings, hydro-sanitary insulation, heating and conditioning installa-tion in civil and industrial buildings, in the motor car industry for insulation from vibrations or in environment protection through insulation from pollution, etc, in the following description, specific reference will be made for purposes of explanation only to certain specific sectors of application such as insulation in the building art and pipe-line insulation. Of course such specific examples should in no way be construed as possible limitations of the scope and the field of applicability of the product according to the present invention.
As is know, the use of thermal insulation in buildings has been greatly stimulated by the recent energy crisis; and in fact, the use of insulating means is generally contemplated in all new constructions. Further, the hot and cold pipelines in buildings, heating, conditioning, refrig-erating and hydro-sanitary installations must be thermally insulated and protected from the surrounding ambient.
The insulating means presently used require for their application the use of adhesives of various natures, glues, adhesive ribbons, mechanical attachment means, welding etc;
This of course complicates the insulation applica-tion operations by introducing an additional work stage and further creates various problems related in each instance to the specific nature of the adhesive means used.
~71776 Thus, for instance, in the building art, coverings provided with thermal insulations are usually built by following two fundamental methodologies: atradi tional roof and reverse roof. In the first case, the sequence of the various layers may be thus schematized:
slab, vapor barrier, thermal insulation, waterproofing, light protection ~e.g. paint) or heavy protection (gravel).
In the second case, or in the so called areverse roof method, the layers are: slab, vapour barrier, thermal insulation, heavy protection (gravel).
The application and use of the known insulating materials in the covering implies various problems. As to the application, in the so called traditional roof method, the insulating material is generally caused to adhere to the vapor barrier (one layer of reinforced bitumen or bituminated cardboard with a thickness of 2-3 mm) by using hot oxidized bitumen, the insulating sheets being laid on the bitumen layer while this is still hot.
Such a procedure has evident disadvantages, such as: the necessity of heating the bitumen and maintaining it hot with conse~uent fuel consumption, danger of expansion and environmental pollution; the necessity of applying the insulating material immediately after the bitumen has been cast, otherwise the casting effect decreases as the tempera-ture decreases; the possibility of damaging certain types of insulating materials because of the high temperatures involved.
In fact, certain insulating materials may become softened when they come into direct contact for prolonged periods of time with high temperature heat sources.
It is further known that oxidized bitumen tends to become brittle with the passage of time; therefore if the support undergoes setting motions, they may cause cracking of the bitumen which may extend to the insulating material adherent thereto, as well.
117~776 If, on the contrary, it is wished to use adhesive cements in place of hot oxidized bitumen certain drawbacks may also occur; for instance, the necessity of applying the insulating material after a certain time, which varies as a function of the particular cement, otherwise either a good adhesion would not be obtained, or some solvent or water might remain trapped and might later create serious problems due to the formation of bubbles in the covering. In the reverse roof process, the use of the insulating material above the waterproof layer involves the use of a ballast constituted by gravel having a thickness about equal to that of the insulating material, to prevent said insulating material from being removed by the action of the winds.
However, the structure may not always support the weight of the ballast, which may reach even 100 Kg/mq and more.
' As to the thermal insulation of pipelines, this is carried out by welding a generally prefabricated insulating means having the shape of a tubular sheath, to the pipe to be insulated, by means of hot air, adhesive or waterproof adhesive ribbon, which implies, in this case too, additional work stages, the use of additional equipment and a greater manpower consumption.
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of insulating article which obviates the aforesaid drawbacks relative to the known insulating means by permitting, in particular, an easy, quick and efficient applica~ion of the same without the need of handling adhesive materials at high temperatures or without being bound to critical application times.
~7~L77f~
A further purpose of the invention is to pro-vide a composite insulating means which permits substantially to reduce the weight of the ballast required for preventing the insulating means from being ~emoved by the action of the winds.
Still another and not the least purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite insulating article which is resistant to water and to water vapour, is not deformable, withstands quick temperature changes, is light and easy to handle.
Finally, still another purpose of the invention is to provide an insulating article of the aforementioned type made of materials which are easily available, which has an acceptable cost and a simple structure and is easy to make.
Accordingly, the invention as herein broadly claimed, lies in a composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulations, comprising a layer of insulating material, a layer of a self-adhesive material firmly bonded to at least one face of said insulating layer, an anti-adhesive protective sheet removably covering that face of said self-adhesive layer which remains free, the improvement consisting in that said self-adhesive layer comprises a mixture of 65-95% by weight of bitumen and 35-5% by weight of rubber, sald impermeable and self-adhesive layer having a softening point comprised between 60 and 130C
(according to ASTM D-36) and a penetration between 60 and 300 dmm at 25C (according to ASTM D-5).
The aforesaid and other advantages will appear more evidently from the following detailed description of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an insulating article made according to the invention;
_ ,~j, _ ~3tj .
1~71776 Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the manner of applying the insulating article according to the present invention for the insulation of pipe-lines.
r,~ith reference now to the drawings, -the insulating article, -generally indicated at 1, is constituted by a layer of insulating material 2, provided on one of its faces with an impermeable and self-adhesive layer 3, the lower side of which, which has remained free, is covered with a protective, anti-adhesive layer 4, easy removable when the article is laid in place.
The thickness of the layers which make up the insulating article l,-is not critical as it may widely vary depending on the particuIar usage require-ments. As to the self-adhesive ~
~:~71776 and impermeable layer 3, its thickness preferable varies between 0.5 to 10 mm.
The insulating article 1 may be produced in any form and dimension whatsoever. For practical purposes, the necessity arises of mutually connecting a plurality of such articles or of shaping them in tubular or other configura-tions. To this end, the self-adhesive and impermeable layer 3 comprises at least one segment which protrudes with respect to the insulating layer 2, in the shape of a tong (edge or selvage) 5 for attaching the same and fixing it to an analo-gous insulating article 1 or fixing the article in a con-figuration in which it is bent on itself for the insulation of pipelines (as visible in Fig. 2). Of course, both faces of the tongue 5 of a self-adhesive material will be covered with an anti-adhesive, protective sheet 4.
The insulating layer 2, may be constituted by any type of material usually employed as insulating material; for example, for thermal insulation any material may be used which has a low or a very low thermal conductivity.
Preferably, further, the insulating material should have a good resistance to handling and transportation; it should absorb very little water and have a good resistance to compression, to delamination and to temperature variations and a good dimensional stability.
As example for materials usable in the aforesaid composition, the following may be cited:
a) Inorganic materials: rock wool (in panels or reels) glass wool (in panels or reels), expanded perlite in panels, cellular glass in panels;
b) Natural organic materials: expanded and impregnated cork in panels, agglomerated vegetable fibers in panels;
c) Synthetic organic materials: polyurethane and polyiso-cyanurate foams, expanded and extruded polystyrene, cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, phenolurea resin.
X' lP'~ f 7~
The insulating material may be in different forms such as for example panels, reels, depending on the shape of the surface to be coated.
The waterproofing and self-adhesive layer 3 employed in the new product is essentially constituted by a mixture of bitumen and rubber, including regenerated rubber, both natural and synthetic, in a ratio from 65:35 to 95:5; it has been found that mixtures having a ratio comprised between 75:25 and 90:10 are particularly useful.
Generally speaking, the composition which consti-tutes the film has a softening point comprised within 60 and 130C, (measured according to the ASTM D-36 method) and a penetration comprised between 60 and 300 dmm at 35C
(measured by the ASTM D-5 method).
The rubber used for obtaining the bitumen-rubber mixture may be chosen among any types of rubber which are available, e.g. styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile, ethylene-vinylacetate, polyisoprene, poly-butadiene, polychloroprene rubbers and butyl rubber.
The bituminous material may be constituted by bitumen from distilled and/or oxidized oil, from pitch tar, from natural bitumen, suitably compounded with additives and modified; preferably the bituminous material employed has a penetration comprised between 40 and 400 dmm at 25C, measured according to the ASTM D-5 norm. Mixtures made from bitumen having penetrations comprised between 70 and 250 dmm at 25C have been found to be particularly useful.
The bitumen and rubber mixture may also contain additives, such as filler materials or particular chemical substances which preserve the adhesive power of the film even in the presence of water; further, the mixture may contain additives which may improve the rheologic behaviour of the film itself by rendering it insensitive to temperature variations or more or less elastic, or more or less flexible.
~' ~'7~ 776 A characteristic of the film is that it is elasto-plastic and maintains this characteristic with the passage of time, even at a low temperature; therefore it may accomodate the settling of the structures without craking or becoming detached.
The protective sheet may be of any suitable material, for instance silicone paper.
The insulating article according to the present invention may be obtained by any suitable process. In practice the bitumen-rubber mixture will be prepared at a temperature comprised between 150 and 180C and the insulat-ing panel will be coupled to the mixture in the hot, at a temperature comprised between 60 and 80C.
The application of the insulating article 1 will be carried out merely by exerting a certain pressure on the same after it has been placed against the surface to be insulated, after removing the protective sheet.
Said operation may be carried out at room tempera-ture and a composite covering is obtained in a single operation, which covering comprises both a vapour barrier layer and an insulating layer, without the use of further adhesive means.
The invention will be better understood from the following examples which illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention, without limiting its scope.
Insulation of coverings - traditional roof process A structure according to the invention is produced by overlaying the face treated with silicone of a silicone paper sheet having a weight of 80 gr/mq and a width of 80 cm, with a mixture of bitumen and a rubber constituted by 90% of distilled bitumen having an operative range 180/200, accord-ing to the ASTM D-5 method, and 10 parts of styrene butadiene rubber (Solprene R 411 of Phillips Petroleum) until a thick-* trade mark ~/ ' ~71776 ness of 2 mm is obtained, at a temperature of 150-180C.
A panel of insulating material constituted by closed cell, extruded and crosslinked polyethylene having a thickness of 30 mm and a width of 75 cm, is coupled in the hot at 60-80C to the adhesive film. The product thus obtained is applied onto concrete slab, previously treated with a suitable primer (for example constituted by bitumen or bitumen and rubber), causing the adhesive face to adhere to the concrete support after having removed the silicone paper protective sheet.
In this way the concrete support is, in a single operation, covered with a vapour barrier and thermally insulated without the use of adhesive in situ.
A waterproofing means constituted by two layers of a waterproof membrane independently applied, is sub-se~uently applied above the insulating means.
Thermal insulation of coverings - reserve roof process A product is made similar to that of example 1, except that the thickness of the film laid over silicone paper is 3 mm; it is then caused to adhere to the concrete slab which has previously been treated with a suitable primer. Thereabove a protection is laid, constituted by a gravel layer, 2 cm th~ck, having a particle size comprised between 15 and 30 mm, sufficient to preserve the insulating material from the action of sun rays. A roof i5 thus obtained in which the waterproofing and the thermal insulation are applied simultaneously withcut the use of adhesives in situ;
further, the weight of ballast is reduced by about one half because the insulating material adheres to the waterproofing layer.
Thermal insulation of pipelines The use of the new product facilitates the insula-~;7 ~ 7~77~i tion operations also for already installed pipelines ascan be seen from the following: a product is prepared analogous to that of example 1, except that insulating sheet having a width of 25 cm and a thickness of 12 mm, packaged in 5 or 10 meter reels, is coupled to the self-adhesive film having a width of 30 cm. The insulating material is constitu~ed by closed cells expanded polyethyl-ene, having a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.029 Kcal/
m.h.C at 30C.
The application is carried out by successively cutting from the reel 100 cm long pieces and causing the self-adhesive insulating material to adhere to the surface to be insulated, taking care to superimpose the edge of the insulating material to the 5 cm wide edge of the self-adhesive which protrudes from the other edge, so as to obtain a perfectly leakproof joint. The thus applied insulation can withstand operating temperatures comprised between -30C and ~80C.
Thermal insulation of refriqerating cells A product according to the invention is prepared, by coating the silicone treated side of a silicone paper sheet having a weight of 80 gr./mq and a width of 65 cm., with a mixture of bitumen and rubber constituted by 90~ of distilled bitumen 180/200 and 10% of styrene butadiene rubber, until a thickness of 2 mm. has been obtained. A
glass foam panel 60 mm thick and having the dimension 60 x 45 cm, having a thermal transmission coefficient of 0.045 Kcal/m.h.C, is coupled in the hot to the adhesive film. The thus obtained product is applied on the concrete walls of a refrigeration cell previously treated with a suitable primer on an oxidized bitumen base. The application is carried out by removing the silicone paper which protects the self-adh2sive film and pressing the pannel against the wall to be : ~ I
insulated. The thermal insulation of the cell is thus obtained in a single operation without using an adhesive in situ.
Thermal insulation of coverings using other type of bitumen-rubber mixtures Example 1 is repeated, except that the following bitumen-rubber mixtures are used as self-adhesive water-proofing film.
EXAMPLE MIXTURE COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS
Bitumen, 180/200 85 % Softening point PeA=
Solprene 480 (regis- 120C
tered trademark of Philipps Petroleum Penetration at 25C=
oil extended 15 ~ 100 dmm styrene-butadiene) 6 Bitumen 180/200 77.5% Softening point Solprene 480 (regis- PeA=130C
tered trade mark of Phillips Petroleum) 22.5% Penetration at 25C=
80 dmm 7 Bitumen 180/200 75 ~ Softening point PeA=80C
Elvax 160 25 % Penetration at 25C=
(ethylene-vinylacetate 75 dmm copolymer containing 33% of vinyl acetate) 8 Bitumen 180/200 80 % Softening point PeA=96C
Ethylene-Propylene Penetration at 25C=
copolymer (viscosity 75 dmm at 180C-200.000cp) 20 %
In said cases too the concrete support is coated in a single operation with a vapour barrier and a thermal insulating means without using adhesive in situ.
Analogous results may be obtained by using the rubber-bitumen mixture of example 5-8 thermally to insulate a pipeline or a refrigerating cell.
I ~. .
The present invention concerns, as a new industrial product, a composite insulating article, particu-larly useful as a thermal and/or acoustic insulator in any technological field in which insulation operations are required.
While it is understood that the insulating article according to the present invention is useful in a great many sectors, which range from insulation of roofs, walls, ceilings, hydro-sanitary insulation, heating and conditioning installa-tion in civil and industrial buildings, in the motor car industry for insulation from vibrations or in environment protection through insulation from pollution, etc, in the following description, specific reference will be made for purposes of explanation only to certain specific sectors of application such as insulation in the building art and pipe-line insulation. Of course such specific examples should in no way be construed as possible limitations of the scope and the field of applicability of the product according to the present invention.
As is know, the use of thermal insulation in buildings has been greatly stimulated by the recent energy crisis; and in fact, the use of insulating means is generally contemplated in all new constructions. Further, the hot and cold pipelines in buildings, heating, conditioning, refrig-erating and hydro-sanitary installations must be thermally insulated and protected from the surrounding ambient.
The insulating means presently used require for their application the use of adhesives of various natures, glues, adhesive ribbons, mechanical attachment means, welding etc;
This of course complicates the insulation applica-tion operations by introducing an additional work stage and further creates various problems related in each instance to the specific nature of the adhesive means used.
~71776 Thus, for instance, in the building art, coverings provided with thermal insulations are usually built by following two fundamental methodologies: atradi tional roof and reverse roof. In the first case, the sequence of the various layers may be thus schematized:
slab, vapor barrier, thermal insulation, waterproofing, light protection ~e.g. paint) or heavy protection (gravel).
In the second case, or in the so called areverse roof method, the layers are: slab, vapour barrier, thermal insulation, heavy protection (gravel).
The application and use of the known insulating materials in the covering implies various problems. As to the application, in the so called traditional roof method, the insulating material is generally caused to adhere to the vapor barrier (one layer of reinforced bitumen or bituminated cardboard with a thickness of 2-3 mm) by using hot oxidized bitumen, the insulating sheets being laid on the bitumen layer while this is still hot.
Such a procedure has evident disadvantages, such as: the necessity of heating the bitumen and maintaining it hot with conse~uent fuel consumption, danger of expansion and environmental pollution; the necessity of applying the insulating material immediately after the bitumen has been cast, otherwise the casting effect decreases as the tempera-ture decreases; the possibility of damaging certain types of insulating materials because of the high temperatures involved.
In fact, certain insulating materials may become softened when they come into direct contact for prolonged periods of time with high temperature heat sources.
It is further known that oxidized bitumen tends to become brittle with the passage of time; therefore if the support undergoes setting motions, they may cause cracking of the bitumen which may extend to the insulating material adherent thereto, as well.
117~776 If, on the contrary, it is wished to use adhesive cements in place of hot oxidized bitumen certain drawbacks may also occur; for instance, the necessity of applying the insulating material after a certain time, which varies as a function of the particular cement, otherwise either a good adhesion would not be obtained, or some solvent or water might remain trapped and might later create serious problems due to the formation of bubbles in the covering. In the reverse roof process, the use of the insulating material above the waterproof layer involves the use of a ballast constituted by gravel having a thickness about equal to that of the insulating material, to prevent said insulating material from being removed by the action of the winds.
However, the structure may not always support the weight of the ballast, which may reach even 100 Kg/mq and more.
' As to the thermal insulation of pipelines, this is carried out by welding a generally prefabricated insulating means having the shape of a tubular sheath, to the pipe to be insulated, by means of hot air, adhesive or waterproof adhesive ribbon, which implies, in this case too, additional work stages, the use of additional equipment and a greater manpower consumption.
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of insulating article which obviates the aforesaid drawbacks relative to the known insulating means by permitting, in particular, an easy, quick and efficient applica~ion of the same without the need of handling adhesive materials at high temperatures or without being bound to critical application times.
~7~L77f~
A further purpose of the invention is to pro-vide a composite insulating means which permits substantially to reduce the weight of the ballast required for preventing the insulating means from being ~emoved by the action of the winds.
Still another and not the least purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite insulating article which is resistant to water and to water vapour, is not deformable, withstands quick temperature changes, is light and easy to handle.
Finally, still another purpose of the invention is to provide an insulating article of the aforementioned type made of materials which are easily available, which has an acceptable cost and a simple structure and is easy to make.
Accordingly, the invention as herein broadly claimed, lies in a composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulations, comprising a layer of insulating material, a layer of a self-adhesive material firmly bonded to at least one face of said insulating layer, an anti-adhesive protective sheet removably covering that face of said self-adhesive layer which remains free, the improvement consisting in that said self-adhesive layer comprises a mixture of 65-95% by weight of bitumen and 35-5% by weight of rubber, sald impermeable and self-adhesive layer having a softening point comprised between 60 and 130C
(according to ASTM D-36) and a penetration between 60 and 300 dmm at 25C (according to ASTM D-5).
The aforesaid and other advantages will appear more evidently from the following detailed description of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an insulating article made according to the invention;
_ ,~j, _ ~3tj .
1~71776 Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the manner of applying the insulating article according to the present invention for the insulation of pipe-lines.
r,~ith reference now to the drawings, -the insulating article, -generally indicated at 1, is constituted by a layer of insulating material 2, provided on one of its faces with an impermeable and self-adhesive layer 3, the lower side of which, which has remained free, is covered with a protective, anti-adhesive layer 4, easy removable when the article is laid in place.
The thickness of the layers which make up the insulating article l,-is not critical as it may widely vary depending on the particuIar usage require-ments. As to the self-adhesive ~
~:~71776 and impermeable layer 3, its thickness preferable varies between 0.5 to 10 mm.
The insulating article 1 may be produced in any form and dimension whatsoever. For practical purposes, the necessity arises of mutually connecting a plurality of such articles or of shaping them in tubular or other configura-tions. To this end, the self-adhesive and impermeable layer 3 comprises at least one segment which protrudes with respect to the insulating layer 2, in the shape of a tong (edge or selvage) 5 for attaching the same and fixing it to an analo-gous insulating article 1 or fixing the article in a con-figuration in which it is bent on itself for the insulation of pipelines (as visible in Fig. 2). Of course, both faces of the tongue 5 of a self-adhesive material will be covered with an anti-adhesive, protective sheet 4.
The insulating layer 2, may be constituted by any type of material usually employed as insulating material; for example, for thermal insulation any material may be used which has a low or a very low thermal conductivity.
Preferably, further, the insulating material should have a good resistance to handling and transportation; it should absorb very little water and have a good resistance to compression, to delamination and to temperature variations and a good dimensional stability.
As example for materials usable in the aforesaid composition, the following may be cited:
a) Inorganic materials: rock wool (in panels or reels) glass wool (in panels or reels), expanded perlite in panels, cellular glass in panels;
b) Natural organic materials: expanded and impregnated cork in panels, agglomerated vegetable fibers in panels;
c) Synthetic organic materials: polyurethane and polyiso-cyanurate foams, expanded and extruded polystyrene, cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, phenolurea resin.
X' lP'~ f 7~
The insulating material may be in different forms such as for example panels, reels, depending on the shape of the surface to be coated.
The waterproofing and self-adhesive layer 3 employed in the new product is essentially constituted by a mixture of bitumen and rubber, including regenerated rubber, both natural and synthetic, in a ratio from 65:35 to 95:5; it has been found that mixtures having a ratio comprised between 75:25 and 90:10 are particularly useful.
Generally speaking, the composition which consti-tutes the film has a softening point comprised within 60 and 130C, (measured according to the ASTM D-36 method) and a penetration comprised between 60 and 300 dmm at 35C
(measured by the ASTM D-5 method).
The rubber used for obtaining the bitumen-rubber mixture may be chosen among any types of rubber which are available, e.g. styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile, ethylene-vinylacetate, polyisoprene, poly-butadiene, polychloroprene rubbers and butyl rubber.
The bituminous material may be constituted by bitumen from distilled and/or oxidized oil, from pitch tar, from natural bitumen, suitably compounded with additives and modified; preferably the bituminous material employed has a penetration comprised between 40 and 400 dmm at 25C, measured according to the ASTM D-5 norm. Mixtures made from bitumen having penetrations comprised between 70 and 250 dmm at 25C have been found to be particularly useful.
The bitumen and rubber mixture may also contain additives, such as filler materials or particular chemical substances which preserve the adhesive power of the film even in the presence of water; further, the mixture may contain additives which may improve the rheologic behaviour of the film itself by rendering it insensitive to temperature variations or more or less elastic, or more or less flexible.
~' ~'7~ 776 A characteristic of the film is that it is elasto-plastic and maintains this characteristic with the passage of time, even at a low temperature; therefore it may accomodate the settling of the structures without craking or becoming detached.
The protective sheet may be of any suitable material, for instance silicone paper.
The insulating article according to the present invention may be obtained by any suitable process. In practice the bitumen-rubber mixture will be prepared at a temperature comprised between 150 and 180C and the insulat-ing panel will be coupled to the mixture in the hot, at a temperature comprised between 60 and 80C.
The application of the insulating article 1 will be carried out merely by exerting a certain pressure on the same after it has been placed against the surface to be insulated, after removing the protective sheet.
Said operation may be carried out at room tempera-ture and a composite covering is obtained in a single operation, which covering comprises both a vapour barrier layer and an insulating layer, without the use of further adhesive means.
The invention will be better understood from the following examples which illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention, without limiting its scope.
Insulation of coverings - traditional roof process A structure according to the invention is produced by overlaying the face treated with silicone of a silicone paper sheet having a weight of 80 gr/mq and a width of 80 cm, with a mixture of bitumen and a rubber constituted by 90% of distilled bitumen having an operative range 180/200, accord-ing to the ASTM D-5 method, and 10 parts of styrene butadiene rubber (Solprene R 411 of Phillips Petroleum) until a thick-* trade mark ~/ ' ~71776 ness of 2 mm is obtained, at a temperature of 150-180C.
A panel of insulating material constituted by closed cell, extruded and crosslinked polyethylene having a thickness of 30 mm and a width of 75 cm, is coupled in the hot at 60-80C to the adhesive film. The product thus obtained is applied onto concrete slab, previously treated with a suitable primer (for example constituted by bitumen or bitumen and rubber), causing the adhesive face to adhere to the concrete support after having removed the silicone paper protective sheet.
In this way the concrete support is, in a single operation, covered with a vapour barrier and thermally insulated without the use of adhesive in situ.
A waterproofing means constituted by two layers of a waterproof membrane independently applied, is sub-se~uently applied above the insulating means.
Thermal insulation of coverings - reserve roof process A product is made similar to that of example 1, except that the thickness of the film laid over silicone paper is 3 mm; it is then caused to adhere to the concrete slab which has previously been treated with a suitable primer. Thereabove a protection is laid, constituted by a gravel layer, 2 cm th~ck, having a particle size comprised between 15 and 30 mm, sufficient to preserve the insulating material from the action of sun rays. A roof i5 thus obtained in which the waterproofing and the thermal insulation are applied simultaneously withcut the use of adhesives in situ;
further, the weight of ballast is reduced by about one half because the insulating material adheres to the waterproofing layer.
Thermal insulation of pipelines The use of the new product facilitates the insula-~;7 ~ 7~77~i tion operations also for already installed pipelines ascan be seen from the following: a product is prepared analogous to that of example 1, except that insulating sheet having a width of 25 cm and a thickness of 12 mm, packaged in 5 or 10 meter reels, is coupled to the self-adhesive film having a width of 30 cm. The insulating material is constitu~ed by closed cells expanded polyethyl-ene, having a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.029 Kcal/
m.h.C at 30C.
The application is carried out by successively cutting from the reel 100 cm long pieces and causing the self-adhesive insulating material to adhere to the surface to be insulated, taking care to superimpose the edge of the insulating material to the 5 cm wide edge of the self-adhesive which protrudes from the other edge, so as to obtain a perfectly leakproof joint. The thus applied insulation can withstand operating temperatures comprised between -30C and ~80C.
Thermal insulation of refriqerating cells A product according to the invention is prepared, by coating the silicone treated side of a silicone paper sheet having a weight of 80 gr./mq and a width of 65 cm., with a mixture of bitumen and rubber constituted by 90~ of distilled bitumen 180/200 and 10% of styrene butadiene rubber, until a thickness of 2 mm. has been obtained. A
glass foam panel 60 mm thick and having the dimension 60 x 45 cm, having a thermal transmission coefficient of 0.045 Kcal/m.h.C, is coupled in the hot to the adhesive film. The thus obtained product is applied on the concrete walls of a refrigeration cell previously treated with a suitable primer on an oxidized bitumen base. The application is carried out by removing the silicone paper which protects the self-adh2sive film and pressing the pannel against the wall to be : ~ I
insulated. The thermal insulation of the cell is thus obtained in a single operation without using an adhesive in situ.
Thermal insulation of coverings using other type of bitumen-rubber mixtures Example 1 is repeated, except that the following bitumen-rubber mixtures are used as self-adhesive water-proofing film.
EXAMPLE MIXTURE COMPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS
Bitumen, 180/200 85 % Softening point PeA=
Solprene 480 (regis- 120C
tered trademark of Philipps Petroleum Penetration at 25C=
oil extended 15 ~ 100 dmm styrene-butadiene) 6 Bitumen 180/200 77.5% Softening point Solprene 480 (regis- PeA=130C
tered trade mark of Phillips Petroleum) 22.5% Penetration at 25C=
80 dmm 7 Bitumen 180/200 75 ~ Softening point PeA=80C
Elvax 160 25 % Penetration at 25C=
(ethylene-vinylacetate 75 dmm copolymer containing 33% of vinyl acetate) 8 Bitumen 180/200 80 % Softening point PeA=96C
Ethylene-Propylene Penetration at 25C=
copolymer (viscosity 75 dmm at 180C-200.000cp) 20 %
In said cases too the concrete support is coated in a single operation with a vapour barrier and a thermal insulating means without using adhesive in situ.
Analogous results may be obtained by using the rubber-bitumen mixture of example 5-8 thermally to insulate a pipeline or a refrigerating cell.
I ~. .
Claims (6)
1. In a composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulations, comprising a layer of insulating material, a layer of a self-adhesive material firmly bonded to at least one face of said insulating layer, an anti-adhesive protective sheet removably covering that face of said self-adhesive layer which remains free, the improvement consisting in that said self-adhesive layer comprises a mixture of 65-95% by weight of bitumen and 35-5% by weight of rubber, said impermeable and self-adhesive layer having a softening point comprised between 60 and 130°C (according to ASTM D-36) and a penetration between 60 and 300 dmm at 25°C (according to ASTM D-5).
2. Composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulations according to claim 1, wherein said rubber is chosen in the group consisting of styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile, ethylene-vinyl-acetate, polyisoprene, polybutadiene and polychloroprene rubbers.
3. Composite insulating article for use in thermal and/or acoustic insulations according to claim 1, wherein said impermeable and self-adhesive layer further comprises inert fillers and/or additives which improve its adhesive power and rheological characteristics.
4. Composite structure of a waterproofing, self-adhesive insulating material, according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating material is chosen among inorganic materials such as rock wool, glass wool, expanded perlite, cellular glass, natural organic materials such as expanded and impregnated cork, agglomerated vegetable fibers and synthetic organic materials such as expanded and extruded polystyrene, cross-linked polyethylene, and phenol-urea resin.
5. Composite insulating article according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said impermeable and self-adhesive layer has at least a segment which protrudes, with respect to said insulating layer, as a tongue for attaching and fixing the same to a further, similar insulating article, said protruding segment being covered on both of its faces with said protective, anti-adhesive sheet.
6. Composite structure of a waterproofing, self-adhesive insulating material, according to claim 4, wherein said impermeable and self-adhesive layer has at least a segment which protrudes, with respect to said insulating layer, as a tongue for attaching and fixing the same to a further, similar insulating article, said protruding segment being covered on both of its faces with said protective, anti-adhesive sheet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT20906A/81 | 1981-04-03 | ||
| IT20906/81A IT1203818B (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1981-04-03 | Composite heat and sound insulating material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1171776A true CA1171776A (en) | 1984-07-31 |
Family
ID=11173861
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000381064A Expired CA1171776A (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1981-07-03 | Composite insulating article for thermal and/or acoustic insulation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1171776A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1203818B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8103017A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2172323A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-07 | Monte Meao Componentes Auto S.A. | Cork based composite material |
| WO2012006695A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Pertech Do Brasil | High-strength self-adhesive laminate cladding and equipment for forming a self-adhesive laminate cladding |
| WO2014197954A1 (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | Duvinil Componentes Para Calçados Ltda. | Method for preparing a composite material, and composite material produced from waste mdf and/or mdp structured in a pvc matrix |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0461328A1 (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1991-12-18 | Tine Holding S.A. | Sound insulation system for use in the interior of a room |
| ATA117397A (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-15 | Klepsch Senoplast | PLASTIC PLATE |
| EP2450398B9 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2012-10-24 | Armacell Enterprise GmbH | Material for flexible thermal and acoustic insulation |
-
1981
- 1981-04-03 IT IT20906/81A patent/IT1203818B/en active
- 1981-06-23 NL NL8103017A patent/NL8103017A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-07-03 CA CA000381064A patent/CA1171776A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2172323A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-07 | Monte Meao Componentes Auto S.A. | Cork based composite material |
| WO2012006695A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Pertech Do Brasil | High-strength self-adhesive laminate cladding and equipment for forming a self-adhesive laminate cladding |
| WO2014197954A1 (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | Duvinil Componentes Para Calçados Ltda. | Method for preparing a composite material, and composite material produced from waste mdf and/or mdp structured in a pvc matrix |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1203818B (en) | 1989-02-23 |
| IT8120906A0 (en) | 1981-04-03 |
| NL8103017A (en) | 1982-11-01 |
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