CA1170078A - Device for determining a blood pressure reading with a sphygmomanometer - Google Patents
Device for determining a blood pressure reading with a sphygmomanometerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1170078A CA1170078A CA000390094A CA390094A CA1170078A CA 1170078 A CA1170078 A CA 1170078A CA 000390094 A CA000390094 A CA 000390094A CA 390094 A CA390094 A CA 390094A CA 1170078 A CA1170078 A CA 1170078A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cuff
- patient
- jaws
- pair
- arm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 210000002302 brachial artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035487 diastolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003205 diastolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002555 auscultation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008609 bushi Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
- F16B2/02—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening
- F16B2/06—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening external, i.e. with contracting action
- F16B2/10—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening external, i.e. with contracting action using pivoting jaws
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02233—Occluders specially adapted therefor
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention disclosed is a clamping device, particularly for use in conjunction with a conventional sphygmomanometer cuff and electronic stethoscope in order to obtain a blood pressure reading from a patient's arm through heavy overgarments or the like, the patient's arm not being directly accessible. The clamping device includes a pair of pivoting jaws each carrying pressure plates for exerting pressure on the patient's arm. The sphygmomanomete cuff is placed against the patient's arm over the overgarment and the clamping device holds the cuff firmly against the arm. A releaseable locking means serves to maintain the clamping device in a working position.
The invention disclosed is a clamping device, particularly for use in conjunction with a conventional sphygmomanometer cuff and electronic stethoscope in order to obtain a blood pressure reading from a patient's arm through heavy overgarments or the like, the patient's arm not being directly accessible. The clamping device includes a pair of pivoting jaws each carrying pressure plates for exerting pressure on the patient's arm. The sphygmomanomete cuff is placed against the patient's arm over the overgarment and the clamping device holds the cuff firmly against the arm. A releaseable locking means serves to maintain the clamping device in a working position.
Description
713~7~
This invention relates to a clamping device, particularly for use in cornbination with a conventional sphygmomanometer (blGod pressure mea~uring) apparatus.
There are basically two methods of measuring blood pressure, the direct and the indirect method. The direct method involves catheterization of a major artery and taking direct and continuous readings of pressure, usually in a clinical environment. This method~ however, is impractical in a field scenario. The indirect method requires a device called a sphygmomanometer which is found in almost every medical kit. An inflatable cuff, connected to a mercury rnanometer, is wrapped Rro~md the upper arm and the pressure ln the cuff i~s raised to a point well above the systolic blood pressure~ ~ stetho-scope is placed over the brachial artery just below the lower edge of the cuff and the cuff is allowed to deflate slowly. The appearance, followed by the disappearance of the Korotkow sounds indicates systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively. This method is widely used in the iield but doès ~equire a cuff be placed around the upper arm.
The problem being addressed here is the case when the cuff cannot be placed around the arm.~ This case become more prevalent when considering non-conventional warfare, because of the protective clothLng worn, or protec-tive devices a casualty i8 placed into. An example of such a cflse occurs when a casualty ls in a casualty bag and the~bag cannot be opened because ~by dolng 80, the casualty may be exposed to further~rlsk if still within a toxic environment.
The underlying principle in taking blood pressure i9 the ability to occlude an artery using a known pressure. Therefore, i-t i~s not necessary to rap something (like a cuff) around the arm as long as enough pressure can be exerted against the artery to occlude it.
It i~ thus an object of this invention to permit the taking of blood pressures when a patient's arm is not directly accessible.
It i8 another object o this invention to provide a clamping device hich can be used in conjunction with a standard sphygmomanorneter and an electrorlic stethoscope to provlde a blood pressure reading when the patient's arm is not dLrectly accessible. An electronic stethoscope such as the one 3L~L'7~)(37~
described in applicant's co-pending Canadian application Serial No. 350,599 may be employed.
According to the invention, a clamping device ~or exerting pre~sure on an object is contemplated, comprising a pair of jaws; pi.vot means to permit relative pivota]. movement of ~aid pair o:E jaws; rel.easable locking means associated with said pivot means to lock said pair of jaws in a working pos:i-tion; and pressure plate means carried by each of said pair oE jaws for apply-ing pressure to said object therebetween~
In the drawing which illustrates a preferred ernbodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly ln section of a clamping device according to the invention, and Figure 2 is a perspective view of a clamping device according to the invention in use.
~ eferring specifically to the drawing, the c].amping device according to the invention is seen to comprise a pair of jaws, an upper jawl,and a lower jaw 2, illustrated in Figure 1 in the closed or working position. The upper and lower jaws are provided with curved pressure plates 3 and ~, respectively.
The curved pressure platas are made of 1/16~' aluminu~n plate and are large enough to accommodate 5" - 6" sphygmo~lanometer cu:Efs. The plate~
are rigidly ~astened to the jaws by mechanical fasteners 17~
The lower jaw is made from a single thickness of l/4" alumintlm plate the peri.meter of whici- includes a section where several ratchet teeth 2a have been Clft. A pair of connector plates 6 are rigidly fastened to upper jaw 1 by mechanical ~asteners sucll as nuts and bolts 7. Spacers (not shown) are provided in associcltion wi.th tlle fssteners 7 between the connector plates 6 and the ~ppe-r jaw 1~ One of the bolt~ passes through a stainless steel bushing ~ and serves not only to hold the assembly together, but also as a pivot about which a pawl. 5 can rotate. To ensure a free moving pawl the length of the bushi.ng i9 ec:ifie(l to be 0u004" to 0.005" greater than the thickness of the aluminum ~>late from w'nich the pawl is made. The pawl 5 i.ncltldes a finger 5a which erlgages ratchet tee~ 2a to prevent jaws 1 and 2 from opening until released.
The finger 5a i.~ forced against the ratchet teeth 2a by a spring 9~ The spring -- 2 _ ~ :~7( ~0~t3 9 is anchored a- the point A where the end of the spring enters a hole i.n one of the connector plates 6. From the anc}lor point A the spring is wrapped around a stud 10 and then bears against the upper portion of the pawl t.o force the f:inger 5a against the teeth 2a.
Pivot means in the form of an axel IL passes through colmec-tor plates 6, Lower jaw 2 and finally through upper jaw 1 to permit relative move-ment of jaws l and 2 in the di.rection B and C, refipectively, A locking washer/
nut arrangement 12, 13 holds the axel 11 in position. I'he ratchet and pawl combination prevents either jaw frorn reversing direction holding the pressure plates 3 and 4 firmly in a working position~ The pawl 5 incl~rdes a release lever 5b which extends from between connector plates 6 l~eyond the upper jaw. The clamping devic.e is released by exerting a pressure in direction D on the lever which esults i.n the disengagement o-f the finger 5a from the teeth 2a. Thus, a rel.iable releasable locking means is provided.
In use, as illustr.ated in Flgure 2, the clamping device according to the invention serves to hold the cuff of a sphygmomanometer f~rrrlly against ~he upper arm of a patient not d]rectly accessible by virtue of the patient being enclosed in a casualty bag, to permit the determination of the patient's blood pressurè. Specifically,: the sphygmomanometer cufE (not shown) is folded and p'Laced over the patient's arm in the approximate vicinity'of the brachlal artery and tlle clamping device according to the invention secures the cuff in place. When the clamp lS closed over the cuff, the arm is virtuall.y surrounded, the clamping device gripping both the cuff and the patient's arm~ The sphygmom-'anoweter 20 i5 functioned in a typical manner. The Korotkow sounds are detected wi.th an electronic stethoscope 22, because the pulses must be detected through at least one layer of material, and systolic and diastolic pressures are read ofE the manometer 20.
TESTING THE DEVICE
Blood pressure wa6 measured on ech of 10 subjects under three di.f.Eerent conditions wlth an approximate lO rninute intervaL between each rneasurement. The first rmeasurement was made with the person in a casualty handling bag fo:Llowed by a measurement while he was in a heavy overgarment and 71~ 7~
finally a measurement on the bare arm as woulcl be done under normal conditions.
This sequence wa~ chosen to assure an unbiased casualty bag reading. Each test was done with a regular adult cuff and also a large adult cuEf to ascer-ta;n the advantage~ or disadvantages of one over the other. The tests were performed as follows:
C~8 ualt~
The subject was placed in a casua]ty handling bag in a supine posi-tion on a recovery stretcher and the unit was closed up. The man was then moved inside the bag so that he was as c]ose as possible to one side of the bag. This would leave more slack on the opposite side whlch would allow better access to the arm on which the measurement was to be taken. The arm was extended down the side with the palm facing upward.
Before applying the clamp, the pressure cuff wa9 folded twice to form a pad approximately 5~' x 5" with the inflation tubing on one external side (large adult cuff - 5" x 6"~.
The clamp was then applied to the upper arm such that the larger, fixed support was cradling the outer portion of the arm and the smaller, movable pad was positioned over the inner arm. The folded pressore cuff was then placed over the brachial artery and under the movable pad of the clamp with the bulb and manometer tubing on the portion against the arm. The clamp was then closed to secure the cuff against the arm. The tubing was connected to the manometer which was placed alongside and tilted to make readings more readily visible. The transducer of thé electronic stethoscope was placed over the artery at the antecubital fossa. A small, loose sand bag (6" x 6" x
This invention relates to a clamping device, particularly for use in cornbination with a conventional sphygmomanometer (blGod pressure mea~uring) apparatus.
There are basically two methods of measuring blood pressure, the direct and the indirect method. The direct method involves catheterization of a major artery and taking direct and continuous readings of pressure, usually in a clinical environment. This method~ however, is impractical in a field scenario. The indirect method requires a device called a sphygmomanometer which is found in almost every medical kit. An inflatable cuff, connected to a mercury rnanometer, is wrapped Rro~md the upper arm and the pressure ln the cuff i~s raised to a point well above the systolic blood pressure~ ~ stetho-scope is placed over the brachial artery just below the lower edge of the cuff and the cuff is allowed to deflate slowly. The appearance, followed by the disappearance of the Korotkow sounds indicates systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively. This method is widely used in the iield but doès ~equire a cuff be placed around the upper arm.
The problem being addressed here is the case when the cuff cannot be placed around the arm.~ This case become more prevalent when considering non-conventional warfare, because of the protective clothLng worn, or protec-tive devices a casualty i8 placed into. An example of such a cflse occurs when a casualty ls in a casualty bag and the~bag cannot be opened because ~by dolng 80, the casualty may be exposed to further~rlsk if still within a toxic environment.
The underlying principle in taking blood pressure i9 the ability to occlude an artery using a known pressure. Therefore, i-t i~s not necessary to rap something (like a cuff) around the arm as long as enough pressure can be exerted against the artery to occlude it.
It i~ thus an object of this invention to permit the taking of blood pressures when a patient's arm is not directly accessible.
It i8 another object o this invention to provide a clamping device hich can be used in conjunction with a standard sphygmomanorneter and an electrorlic stethoscope to provlde a blood pressure reading when the patient's arm is not dLrectly accessible. An electronic stethoscope such as the one 3L~L'7~)(37~
described in applicant's co-pending Canadian application Serial No. 350,599 may be employed.
According to the invention, a clamping device ~or exerting pre~sure on an object is contemplated, comprising a pair of jaws; pi.vot means to permit relative pivota]. movement of ~aid pair o:E jaws; rel.easable locking means associated with said pivot means to lock said pair of jaws in a working pos:i-tion; and pressure plate means carried by each of said pair oE jaws for apply-ing pressure to said object therebetween~
In the drawing which illustrates a preferred ernbodiment of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly ln section of a clamping device according to the invention, and Figure 2 is a perspective view of a clamping device according to the invention in use.
~ eferring specifically to the drawing, the c].amping device according to the invention is seen to comprise a pair of jaws, an upper jawl,and a lower jaw 2, illustrated in Figure 1 in the closed or working position. The upper and lower jaws are provided with curved pressure plates 3 and ~, respectively.
The curved pressure platas are made of 1/16~' aluminu~n plate and are large enough to accommodate 5" - 6" sphygmo~lanometer cu:Efs. The plate~
are rigidly ~astened to the jaws by mechanical fasteners 17~
The lower jaw is made from a single thickness of l/4" alumintlm plate the peri.meter of whici- includes a section where several ratchet teeth 2a have been Clft. A pair of connector plates 6 are rigidly fastened to upper jaw 1 by mechanical ~asteners sucll as nuts and bolts 7. Spacers (not shown) are provided in associcltion wi.th tlle fssteners 7 between the connector plates 6 and the ~ppe-r jaw 1~ One of the bolt~ passes through a stainless steel bushing ~ and serves not only to hold the assembly together, but also as a pivot about which a pawl. 5 can rotate. To ensure a free moving pawl the length of the bushi.ng i9 ec:ifie(l to be 0u004" to 0.005" greater than the thickness of the aluminum ~>late from w'nich the pawl is made. The pawl 5 i.ncltldes a finger 5a which erlgages ratchet tee~ 2a to prevent jaws 1 and 2 from opening until released.
The finger 5a i.~ forced against the ratchet teeth 2a by a spring 9~ The spring -- 2 _ ~ :~7( ~0~t3 9 is anchored a- the point A where the end of the spring enters a hole i.n one of the connector plates 6. From the anc}lor point A the spring is wrapped around a stud 10 and then bears against the upper portion of the pawl t.o force the f:inger 5a against the teeth 2a.
Pivot means in the form of an axel IL passes through colmec-tor plates 6, Lower jaw 2 and finally through upper jaw 1 to permit relative move-ment of jaws l and 2 in the di.rection B and C, refipectively, A locking washer/
nut arrangement 12, 13 holds the axel 11 in position. I'he ratchet and pawl combination prevents either jaw frorn reversing direction holding the pressure plates 3 and 4 firmly in a working position~ The pawl 5 incl~rdes a release lever 5b which extends from between connector plates 6 l~eyond the upper jaw. The clamping devic.e is released by exerting a pressure in direction D on the lever which esults i.n the disengagement o-f the finger 5a from the teeth 2a. Thus, a rel.iable releasable locking means is provided.
In use, as illustr.ated in Flgure 2, the clamping device according to the invention serves to hold the cuff of a sphygmomanometer f~rrrlly against ~he upper arm of a patient not d]rectly accessible by virtue of the patient being enclosed in a casualty bag, to permit the determination of the patient's blood pressurè. Specifically,: the sphygmomanometer cufE (not shown) is folded and p'Laced over the patient's arm in the approximate vicinity'of the brachlal artery and tlle clamping device according to the invention secures the cuff in place. When the clamp lS closed over the cuff, the arm is virtuall.y surrounded, the clamping device gripping both the cuff and the patient's arm~ The sphygmom-'anoweter 20 i5 functioned in a typical manner. The Korotkow sounds are detected wi.th an electronic stethoscope 22, because the pulses must be detected through at least one layer of material, and systolic and diastolic pressures are read ofE the manometer 20.
TESTING THE DEVICE
Blood pressure wa6 measured on ech of 10 subjects under three di.f.Eerent conditions wlth an approximate lO rninute intervaL between each rneasurement. The first rmeasurement was made with the person in a casualty handling bag fo:Llowed by a measurement while he was in a heavy overgarment and 71~ 7~
finally a measurement on the bare arm as woulcl be done under normal conditions.
This sequence wa~ chosen to assure an unbiased casualty bag reading. Each test was done with a regular adult cuff and also a large adult cuEf to ascer-ta;n the advantage~ or disadvantages of one over the other. The tests were performed as follows:
C~8 ualt~
The subject was placed in a casua]ty handling bag in a supine posi-tion on a recovery stretcher and the unit was closed up. The man was then moved inside the bag so that he was as c]ose as possible to one side of the bag. This would leave more slack on the opposite side whlch would allow better access to the arm on which the measurement was to be taken. The arm was extended down the side with the palm facing upward.
Before applying the clamp, the pressure cuff wa9 folded twice to form a pad approximately 5~' x 5" with the inflation tubing on one external side (large adult cuff - 5" x 6"~.
The clamp was then applied to the upper arm such that the larger, fixed support was cradling the outer portion of the arm and the smaller, movable pad was positioned over the inner arm. The folded pressore cuff was then placed over the brachial artery and under the movable pad of the clamp with the bulb and manometer tubing on the portion against the arm. The clamp was then closed to secure the cuff against the arm. The tubing was connected to the manometer which was placed alongside and tilted to make readings more readily visible. The transducer of thé electronic stethoscope was placed over the artery at the antecubital fossa. A small, loose sand bag (6" x 6" x
2" approximately) was placed over the transducer~ This bag served to hold the transducer firmly in place. It also insulated the unit from external sounds and prevented movement artLfacts wh~ch were present when It was held by hand.
The c],ectronLc stethoscope was turned on and the cufi was inflated to a pressure reading midway between the expected systolic/ diastolic reading and a quick check was made for an audible arterial so~md and the position of the transduccr was adjusted as necessary. The pressure was increased to approx-imately loO r~n and then released to ascertain the systolic and diastolic read-inS~8 after which the cuff was re]eased and removed. ~fter a 10 minute period~
~:~7~07~
the above ~)rocedure ~as repeated with tlle large adult pressure cuff.
I-leavy~
_..
Thc subject was clothed in a heavy overgarment and placed in a supine position on a recovery stretcher. The pressure cuff was wrapped around the covered arm in a normal fashion and the arm was e~tended along the body wlth the palm up. The transducer was placed o~er the artery at the antecu- -bital fossa and covered with the sand bag~ The same procedure as outlined under the previous test was followed to properly position the tran~ducer and the blood pressure was read. After repeating the test with the larger cuff, the subject removed the overgarment.
Normal bare arm The subject assumed a supine position on the stretcher ~ith the arm e~tended, palm up, along the body. The pressure cuff and transducer were applied in a normnl fashion on the bare arm~ The method used in the above test was followed using both pressure cuffs. ;
The results were tabulated in Table I showing the readings using he adult cuff and the large adult cuff on a person i~ a casualty handling bag, in a heavy overgarment and under normal conditions.
: : .
TABLE I
.
BLOOD PRE.SS~RE NeAS N ENTS
:
~ ~ ~ Bare Al-m Subject Reg Cuff Lge Cuff Reg Cuff Lge Cuff Reg Cuff Lge Cuff ., ,. ,~
2 lL9/86 118/90 118/85 118j88 119/89 ~__
The c],ectronLc stethoscope was turned on and the cufi was inflated to a pressure reading midway between the expected systolic/ diastolic reading and a quick check was made for an audible arterial so~md and the position of the transduccr was adjusted as necessary. The pressure was increased to approx-imately loO r~n and then released to ascertain the systolic and diastolic read-inS~8 after which the cuff was re]eased and removed. ~fter a 10 minute period~
~:~7~07~
the above ~)rocedure ~as repeated with tlle large adult pressure cuff.
I-leavy~
_..
Thc subject was clothed in a heavy overgarment and placed in a supine position on a recovery stretcher. The pressure cuff was wrapped around the covered arm in a normal fashion and the arm was e~tended along the body wlth the palm up. The transducer was placed o~er the artery at the antecu- -bital fossa and covered with the sand bag~ The same procedure as outlined under the previous test was followed to properly position the tran~ducer and the blood pressure was read. After repeating the test with the larger cuff, the subject removed the overgarment.
Normal bare arm The subject assumed a supine position on the stretcher ~ith the arm e~tended, palm up, along the body. The pressure cuff and transducer were applied in a normnl fashion on the bare arm~ The method used in the above test was followed using both pressure cuffs. ;
The results were tabulated in Table I showing the readings using he adult cuff and the large adult cuff on a person i~ a casualty handling bag, in a heavy overgarment and under normal conditions.
: : .
TABLE I
.
BLOOD PRE.SS~RE NeAS N ENTS
:
~ ~ ~ Bare Al-m Subject Reg Cuff Lge Cuff Reg Cuff Lge Cuff Reg Cuff Lge Cuff ., ,. ,~
2 lL9/86 118/90 118/85 118j88 119/89 ~__
3 llô/92 120/90 120/90 11~3/85 112/85 __~
4 150/80 148/75 155/84 ~ l58/82 155184 ---
5 135/9Q 135/88 142/82 140/92 146/88 --
6 135/80 128/80 140/80 138/80 138/82- ---
7 128/78 122/78 120/~30 118/76 118/74 ---
8 138/94 138/90 138/96 140/94 138/92
9 118/70 114/68 130/80 126/78 122/70 ---
10 1~0/68 106/66 122/72 120172 118/68 ---. . . _ . .
~ 7 ~
The results of the tests descrihed above are shown in Table I~ The measurements taken show that the blood pressure readings oE a casualty can be replicated, within biological variations, through a casualty bag, a heavy overgarment and a bare arm. The results also show that there is virtually no difference between reading taken with a regular cuff and a large cuff~ It should also be notecl, that c1uring the entire test sequence, diffLculty in obtaining a blood pressure reading occurred only once. The clamp was not properly positioned on the patient's upper arm and the artery was not occluded~
However, wi-th a minor adjustment of the clamp position, a reading was easily obtained.
Althoug}1 the clamping device has been described above in relation to the measurement of blood pressures through casualty bags, it should be obvious to a person skilled in the art that by using a conventional sphygmoman-ometer and electronic stethoscope together with the clamping device according to the invention, other examples of obtaining blood pressures in difficult scenarios can be overcome. For example, a situation may arise when a patient's clothing may not or can not be removed, e.g., heavy coverals in a toxic environ-ment, or a parka in a very cold environment, or a pressuri~ed suit or diving suit which cannot be removed quickly. The mere bulk of the clothing may prohibit placing a sphymomanometer cuff around the arm`and certainly the layers of clothing necessitate an electronic stethoscope for auscultation. Although thigh cuffs are available, they are not always at hand. A normal si~ed brachial cuff may not physically fit aro1md the thigh,~and although the normal cuff isn't wide enough for an accurate femoral blood pressure, it is contemplated that the clamping device according to the invention can adapt it to the thigh for a ball park rearllng. In more remote examples when both arms are in slings, or in splints, or are splinted to the body, and a brachial blood pressure is desired, the clamping device according to the invention could make it possible to obtain a blood pressure reading~
~ 7 ~
The results of the tests descrihed above are shown in Table I~ The measurements taken show that the blood pressure readings oE a casualty can be replicated, within biological variations, through a casualty bag, a heavy overgarment and a bare arm. The results also show that there is virtually no difference between reading taken with a regular cuff and a large cuff~ It should also be notecl, that c1uring the entire test sequence, diffLculty in obtaining a blood pressure reading occurred only once. The clamp was not properly positioned on the patient's upper arm and the artery was not occluded~
However, wi-th a minor adjustment of the clamp position, a reading was easily obtained.
Althoug}1 the clamping device has been described above in relation to the measurement of blood pressures through casualty bags, it should be obvious to a person skilled in the art that by using a conventional sphygmoman-ometer and electronic stethoscope together with the clamping device according to the invention, other examples of obtaining blood pressures in difficult scenarios can be overcome. For example, a situation may arise when a patient's clothing may not or can not be removed, e.g., heavy coverals in a toxic environ-ment, or a parka in a very cold environment, or a pressuri~ed suit or diving suit which cannot be removed quickly. The mere bulk of the clothing may prohibit placing a sphymomanometer cuff around the arm`and certainly the layers of clothing necessitate an electronic stethoscope for auscultation. Although thigh cuffs are available, they are not always at hand. A normal si~ed brachial cuff may not physically fit aro1md the thigh,~and although the normal cuff isn't wide enough for an accurate femoral blood pressure, it is contemplated that the clamping device according to the invention can adapt it to the thigh for a ball park rearllng. In more remote examples when both arms are in slings, or in splints, or are splinted to the body, and a brachial blood pressure is desired, the clamping device according to the invention could make it possible to obtain a blood pressure reading~
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A device to enable the determination of a blood pressure reading with a sphygmomanometer on a patient whose upper arm is not directly accessible, comprising a pair of jaws;
pivot means to permit relative pivotal movement of said pair of jaws;
releasable locking means associated with said pivot means to lock said pair of jaws in a working position; and a curved pressure plate carried by each of said pair of jaws, to provide opposed concave surfaces which are sufficiently large to accommodate a folded sphygmomanometer cuff and a patient's upper arm, such that in opera-tion said folded sphygmomanometer cuff is positioned against said upper arm in the area of the brachial artery by said curved pressure plates and the cuff is inflated to occlude the brachial artery to enable determination of the patient's blood pressure.
pivot means to permit relative pivotal movement of said pair of jaws;
releasable locking means associated with said pivot means to lock said pair of jaws in a working position; and a curved pressure plate carried by each of said pair of jaws, to provide opposed concave surfaces which are sufficiently large to accommodate a folded sphygmomanometer cuff and a patient's upper arm, such that in opera-tion said folded sphygmomanometer cuff is positioned against said upper arm in the area of the brachial artery by said curved pressure plates and the cuff is inflated to occlude the brachial artery to enable determination of the patient's blood pressure.
2. An apparatus for measuring the blood pressure of a patient whose arm is covered by heavy protective clothing or the like, comprising sphygmomano-meter means including an inflatable cuff for placing against the patient's upper arm over said heavy clothing in the area of the brachial artery; electronic stethoscope means; and a device to be placed over said inflatable cuff to firmly hold said cuff against the patient's arm, to enable the taking of a blood pressure reading, said device comprising a pair of jaws;
pivot means to permit relative pivotal movement of said pair of jaws;
releasable locking means associated with said pivot means to lock-said pair of jaws in a working position; and a curved pressure plate carried by each of said pair of jaws to provide opposed concave surfaces which are sufficiently large to accommodate a folded sphygmomanometer cuff and a patient's upper arm, such that in operation said folded sphygmomanometer cuff is positioned against said upper arm in the area of the brachial artery by said curved pressure plates and the cuff is inflated to occlude the brachial artery to enable determination of the patient's blood pressure.
pivot means to permit relative pivotal movement of said pair of jaws;
releasable locking means associated with said pivot means to lock-said pair of jaws in a working position; and a curved pressure plate carried by each of said pair of jaws to provide opposed concave surfaces which are sufficiently large to accommodate a folded sphygmomanometer cuff and a patient's upper arm, such that in operation said folded sphygmomanometer cuff is positioned against said upper arm in the area of the brachial artery by said curved pressure plates and the cuff is inflated to occlude the brachial artery to enable determination of the patient's blood pressure.
3. A clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the releasable locking means is a ratchet/pawl combination.
4. The device of claim 1, 2 or 3, including a plate fastened to each side of one jaw of said pair of jaws, said one jaw and said locking means being between the plates.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000390094A CA1170078A (en) | 1981-11-10 | 1981-11-10 | Device for determining a blood pressure reading with a sphygmomanometer |
| US06/396,129 US4466437A (en) | 1981-11-10 | 1982-07-07 | Clamping device |
| GB08231245A GB2109452B (en) | 1981-11-10 | 1982-11-02 | Clamping device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000390094A CA1170078A (en) | 1981-11-10 | 1981-11-10 | Device for determining a blood pressure reading with a sphygmomanometer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1170078A true CA1170078A (en) | 1984-07-03 |
Family
ID=4121413
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000390094A Expired CA1170078A (en) | 1981-11-10 | 1981-11-10 | Device for determining a blood pressure reading with a sphygmomanometer |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4466437A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1170078A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2109452B (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD287054S (en) | 1983-01-24 | 1986-12-02 | Medco Medical Corporation | Pressure dressing clamp |
| US4549540A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1985-10-29 | Precision Surgical Instruments, Inc. | Thigh restraining apparatus and method |
| JPS60166306U (en) * | 1984-04-12 | 1985-11-05 | フクダ電子株式会社 | Clip-type electrode for electrocardiograph |
| US5050586A (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1991-09-24 | Leonard Medical | Mandible manipulator |
| US5094227A (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1992-03-10 | Douglas R. Eglauf | Non-invasive pain relief apparatus |
| US5305502A (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1994-04-26 | Clampi Corporation Cc | Clamp |
| GB2268220A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1994-01-05 | Maclaren Ltd | A latching mechanism. |
| US5360020A (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 1994-11-01 | Memphis Orthopaedic Design, Inc. | Pin site shield retainer |
| US6347565B2 (en) * | 1999-01-11 | 2002-02-19 | Hand Held Design Corporation | Multi-drive specialty tool |
| US20030079576A1 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-01 | Lo Meei Feng | Pliers having ratchet fastening mechanism |
| US6746470B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2004-06-08 | Mcewen James Allen | Emergency and military tourniquet for pre-hospital use |
| US8012163B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2011-09-06 | Medtronic, Inc. | Occluding and stabilizing medical device |
| USD694401S1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-11-26 | Becton Dickinson France S.A.S. | Medical injector |
| USD707811S1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-06-24 | Becton Dickinson France S.A.S. | Medical injector |
| USD694877S1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-03 | Becton Dickinson France S.A.S. | Medical injector |
| USD694878S1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-03 | Becton Dickinson France S.A.S. | Medical injector |
| TWI585328B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-06-01 | 林峻梅 | Buckle |
| US10327629B2 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-06-25 | Megaforce Company Limited | Oral dilator |
| US20210212658A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2021-07-15 | Matt Mcgrath Design & Co, Llc | Integrated Medical Imaging Apparatus And Associated Method Of Use |
| EP3946027A4 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-12-28 | Tournicare Pty Ltd | Clamping devices and methods for measuring blood pressure |
| CN113349750A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2021-09-07 | 四川大学华西医院 | Openable arm cylinder type sphygmomanometer and blood pressure measuring method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US838514A (en) * | 1906-08-22 | 1906-12-18 | George Washington Baker | Pipe-tongs. |
| US1635137A (en) * | 1927-01-11 | 1927-07-05 | Clarence E Mullens | Bone clamp |
| US2577008A (en) * | 1949-06-18 | 1951-12-04 | Oscar L Engstrom | Tourniquet clamp |
| US2567182A (en) * | 1949-10-07 | 1951-09-11 | Safety Tourniquet Corp | Tourniquet |
| US2861574A (en) * | 1957-05-06 | 1958-11-25 | Braslow Lawrence | Tourniquet |
| US4223673A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-09-23 | Harris William J | Device for puckering the flesh to assist in injections |
| DE2853098A1 (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-06-19 | Clinicon Int Gmbh | SPHYGMOMANOMETER |
-
1981
- 1981-11-10 CA CA000390094A patent/CA1170078A/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-07-07 US US06/396,129 patent/US4466437A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-11-02 GB GB08231245A patent/GB2109452B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4466437A (en) | 1984-08-21 |
| GB2109452B (en) | 1985-06-26 |
| GB2109452A (en) | 1983-06-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |