CA1162468A - Thermally insulated composite sections, and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Thermally insulated composite sections, and method for producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1162468A CA1162468A CA000360081A CA360081A CA1162468A CA 1162468 A CA1162468 A CA 1162468A CA 000360081 A CA000360081 A CA 000360081A CA 360081 A CA360081 A CA 360081A CA 1162468 A CA1162468 A CA 1162468A
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- Prior art keywords
- layers
- insulating material
- insulating
- free space
- sections
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In a method for the production of thermally insulated composite sections a free space is formed between at least two metal sections, held spaced apart, and sealed at the bottom. The space is filled from its open side with an insulating material which at first is in liquid form and then hardens. In order to produce such sections, particularly also those of large size, with the least possible expense for labor and material, and at the same time to achieve the most favorable heat insulation values in the insulating region, solid insulating material layers positively and frictionally joining together the metal sections, and insulating layers hardening with a porous structure are introduced in succession into the free space. Each layer fills only partly the free space. The introduction of the solid insulating material layers and of the insulating layers is effected with the aid of a plurality of inlet nozzles whose actions are chrono-logically staggered and which are disposed one behind the other in the working direction of the filling operation. The same material is used for the porous insulating layers as for the solid insulating material layers.
In a method for the production of thermally insulated composite sections a free space is formed between at least two metal sections, held spaced apart, and sealed at the bottom. The space is filled from its open side with an insulating material which at first is in liquid form and then hardens. In order to produce such sections, particularly also those of large size, with the least possible expense for labor and material, and at the same time to achieve the most favorable heat insulation values in the insulating region, solid insulating material layers positively and frictionally joining together the metal sections, and insulating layers hardening with a porous structure are introduced in succession into the free space. Each layer fills only partly the free space. The introduction of the solid insulating material layers and of the insulating layers is effected with the aid of a plurality of inlet nozzles whose actions are chrono-logically staggered and which are disposed one behind the other in the working direction of the filling operation. The same material is used for the porous insulating layers as for the solid insulating material layers.
Description
~ ~ 62~
THERM~LLY INS ULATED COMPOSITE SECTIONS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
The present invention relates to a method of pro-ducing thermally insulated composite sections, wherein at least two metal sections held spaced apart form a free space which is sealed at the bottom. ~rom its open side, the space is filled with an insulating material that is at first in liquid form and then hardens. Composite sections produced by this method are used mainly in the construction of doors and windows, a field in which they are of increasing importance for reasons of energy saving.
One method of the type defined above is described in German Patent Applica;tion P 29 08 618.8. Its starting point is that at the beginning of the process the metal sections are inserted into a holder which supports them in such a manner, that they form the free space intended to receive the insulating material. As a Eesult, the free space laterally bounded by the metal sections is closed, both from above and at the ends of the metal sections, by a self-adhesive cover strip adhering to the metal sections. A
channel-shaped guide section is disposed over the metal sections. In a further stage of the process, the channel-shaped guide section, together with the metal sections andtheir holder, is turned about 180 in the longitudinal axis.
The holder, which thus comes to lie at the top, is removed from the metal sections. ~he insulating material, which is in liquid form, is then introduced into the free space through the side of the latter which remains uncovered. After the insulating material has hardened r the finished composite section can be removed from the guide section.
~' " ~, ~ 3 62~
From German Offenlegungsschrift 21 29 964 and German Offenlegungsschrift 27 05 870 other methods are known, in which metal sections to be joined together by a layer of insulating material are disposed, spaced apart from one 5 another, in a mold and sealed by a movable strip on the bottom side along the free space existing between them.
Alternatively, for the same purpose, they are pressed down against a bottom covering in the mold. The free space, which is thus open only at the top, can then be filled with liquid 10 insulating material in order to form the composite section.
From German Auslegeschrift 12 45 567 the metal sections, which are separated from one another in the composite section, are also known to be produced as a one-piece section before the free space is filled with insulating 1:5 material. They are joined together below the free space by a bridging web which closes the free space and which, after the layer of insulating material has hardened, is cut away or mechanically removed by other means.
In order, on the one hand, to improve the thermal 20 efficiency of the layer of insulating material of composite sections of the kind in question, and on the other hand, to save expensive insulating material, particularly for large sections, it has already frequently been proposed to use the insulating material introduced into the free space formed by 25 the metal sections only for forming individual connecting webs between the metal sections, leaving an air-filled cavity free from insulating material. Methods of this kind are explained in German Offenlegungsschrift 22 54 762 and German Offenleg-ungsschrift 27 21 367, in which the free space is divided into 30 a ~l,urality of chambers by spaced hollow dividing pieces or separating strips.
~ .~ 62~6~
Because of the introduction of these dividing means, and also because of their subsequent removal, these known methods of production are very time-consuming and therefore very expensive. It is also not possible to reduce costs by leaving the dividing means as lost pieces in the composite section, because their cost, which although low is nevertheless not negligible, still increases production costs.
Moreover, dividing pieces or separating strips which remain in the composite section form temperature bridges between the metal sections thermally insulated from one another, whereby the action of the layers of insulating material is impaired.
A disadvantage of airfilled cavities arises from the fact that these cavities must be provided with drain holes, which at the same time are indispensable for vapor pressure equalization. Consequently, there is a continuous exchange of air, which not only basically reduces the insulating action of the cavity, but at low temperatures also gives rise to the formation of ice, which completely destroys the insulating action. It is therefore more advisable to fill the cavities between the insulating layers with a material of lower thermal conductivity, because in this way, a controlled insulating action can be achieved. Moreover, the acoustically disturbing resonance effect of cavities is thereby avoided.
The filling of the cavities in the insulation region of composite sections is already mentioned in German Offen-legungsschrift 27 21 367. Among varlous examples of embodiment mention was made therein of the possibility oE
inserting into the cavity, as support for forming the upper insulation layer, a separating strip of expanded rubber or other similar material, and ~eaving it in -the cavity. It is true that the air gap in the composite section would thus be B ~
eliminated, but the introduction of a separating strip of this kind requires another very expensive operation, which in addition assuredly gives rise to production difficulties.
This last point may also be the reason that the practical application of ~his stage of the process is not yet known to have occurred.
Taking as starting point the state of the art as expalined above, the problem underlying the invention is that of indicating a method of production by which thermally insulated composition sections, even of large sizes, can be produced in the simplest and most inexpensive manner~ These composite sections should, at the same time, have a completely closed insulating region with particularly advantageous heat insulation values. For the introduction of the multilayer insulating core it is endeavored in the most expedient conduct of the process, to employ a single operation, in order to reduce considerably the cost of production. This should in addition be achieved with very economical consumption of insulating material. This economy is based on the fact that expensive material of great strength is not used for the entire insulating zone, but that the use of such material is restricted to supporting portions thereof. With regard to the remainder of the filling material it is endeavored to achieve the lowest possible thermal conductivity.
With low expenditure of time and at low cost it is now possible, thereby, to produce composite sections which between their individual sections, that are not metallically connected, have an insulating zone possessing the most advantageous properties. These consist in that the insulating zone is composed both of layers of insulating material o~
great strength for the positive and frictional connection of the metal sections, and of insulating layers which have a still - A -1 1 62~8 better insulating action but do not serve as supports, and whose construction and thickness can be adapted to any shape of section without needing additional process steps ox operations. Consequently, the selection of materials is simplified, with the result that it is always possible to use inexpensive materials, for which, within the composite sections of the invention, it is even possible to use the same starting material. The structure of the latter is then suitably varied solely by adding expanding agents.
Embodiments of the invention are described below as examples with reference to the drawings, in which:
Figures 1 to 4 show the stages of the process in the production of a thermally insulated composite section, in end elevation, Figure 5 is a cross-section of another composite section in course of production, Figure 6 illustrates the method of production by means of a longitudinal section of the composite section shown in Figure 4, and Figure 7 is a cross-section of a composite section produced by the method of the inventi~n.
As can be seen in Figure 1, at the beginning of the process two metal sections 1 and 2 shown in end elevation are inserted, spaced apart, into a holder 3, which is likewise shown viewed from the end face~ The holder 3 supports the metal sections 1 and 2 and forms a fxee space 4 situated between them. As shown in Figure 2, the free space 4 is closed at the top and also at the ends of the metal sections 1 and 2 by a self-adhesive cover strip 5.
A channel-shaped guide section 7~ which is shown in Figure 3 and which has the same cross-section as the holder 3, is then placed over the metal sections 1 and 2. These have ~ 1 62~B~
already been loosely joined together to form a composite section 6, and~ likewise as shown in Figure 3, this guide section together with the metal sections 1 and 2 and the holder 3 is turned 180 in the direction of the arrow 8.
As shown in Figure 4, the guide section 7 then comes to lie at the bottom~ whereupon the holder 3, now lying at the top, has completed its mission and therefore can be removed from the metal sections 1 and 2. In the state shown in Figure 4, the free space 4 is sealed at the bottom, and from its open longitudinal side can be filled by means of an inlet nozzle 9 with an insulating material 10 which at first is in li~uid form and then hardens.
According to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the free space 4, which is provided between the metal sections 1 and 2 and which is closed at the bottom~ may also be formed by producing the metal sections 1 and 2 as a one-piece section before being filled with the insulating material 10, being joined together under the free space 4 by a bridging web 11.
In both embodiments the free space 4 is then filled with the insulating material supplied by the nozzle 9 in that solid insulating material layers 12~ 13 positively and frictionally joining together the metal sections 1 and 2 and one or more insulating layers 14 hardening with a porous structure are introduced in alternating succession. Each layer fills only partly the free space 4. For the porous insulating layer 14 it is possible to use the same material as ~or the solid insulating material layers 12 and 13, if for the porous insulating layers 14 a blowing agent providing them with a porous structure, for example in the form of closed-cell polyurethane foam, is added.
A further improvement of the production method of the invention is achieved in accordance with Eigure 6 by 1 J 6~6~
depositing the composite section 6, which has been obtained as the result of the process steps illustrated in Flgures 1 to 4, together with the guide section 7, on a roller conveyor 15 and moving under stationary inlet nozzles 16, 17, and 18.
These inlet nozzles 16, 17, and 18 are disposed one following the other in the working direction l9 of the filling operation, and thus are chronologically staggered in the introduction of the two layers of insulating material 12 and 13 and the interposed insulating layer 14. As the result of this arrangement it is possible to produce all the layers 12, 13, and 14 in a single operation. With a suitably modified apparatus it would of course also be possible to produce the bottom insulating material layer 13 during the movement of the composite section 6 in the working direction, the following insulating layer 14 during the return movement of the composite section 6, and the upper layer of insulating material 12 like-wise in the working direction 19.
Figure 7 shows the structure of the composite section 6 produced by the process stages described above. From this Figure it can be seen that the metal sections 1 and 2 are now joined together only by the two solid insulating material layers 12 and 13 after the self-adhesive cover strip 5 shown in Figure 4 and the bridging web 11 shown in Figure 5 have been removed from the metal sections 1 and 2. The purpose of the insulating layer 14, which on hardening is of porous structure, is to serve as a support for the formation of the upper layer of insulating material 12 during the introduction of the latter and also to ensure that no cavity arises between the insulating material layers 12 and 13, while it is not intended to play any part in the joining together of the metal sections 1 and 2. In contrast to the composite section 6 illustrated, it is possible, in particular for sections of ~ ` ~ 3 ~2~6~
larger sizes, to introduce more than two layers 12, 13 of insulating material, and consequently also a plurality of interposed insulating layers 14.
The table below gives particulars of the German references mentioned in the initial part of the specification:
GERMANY
REFERENCE
NUMBER FILING DATE APPLICANT
12 45 567 21.12.1963 Eduard Hueck, Ludenscheid 21 29 96~ 16.06.1971 American Metal Climax, New York 22 54 762 09.11.1972 Eduard Hueck, Ludenscheid 27 05 870 11.02.1977 Vereinigte Metall-werke, Braunaua. Inn 27 21 367 12.05.1977 Eduard Hueck~ Ludenscheid 29 08 618 06.03.. 1979 Manfred Muhle, I,ohne
THERM~LLY INS ULATED COMPOSITE SECTIONS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
The present invention relates to a method of pro-ducing thermally insulated composite sections, wherein at least two metal sections held spaced apart form a free space which is sealed at the bottom. ~rom its open side, the space is filled with an insulating material that is at first in liquid form and then hardens. Composite sections produced by this method are used mainly in the construction of doors and windows, a field in which they are of increasing importance for reasons of energy saving.
One method of the type defined above is described in German Patent Applica;tion P 29 08 618.8. Its starting point is that at the beginning of the process the metal sections are inserted into a holder which supports them in such a manner, that they form the free space intended to receive the insulating material. As a Eesult, the free space laterally bounded by the metal sections is closed, both from above and at the ends of the metal sections, by a self-adhesive cover strip adhering to the metal sections. A
channel-shaped guide section is disposed over the metal sections. In a further stage of the process, the channel-shaped guide section, together with the metal sections andtheir holder, is turned about 180 in the longitudinal axis.
The holder, which thus comes to lie at the top, is removed from the metal sections. ~he insulating material, which is in liquid form, is then introduced into the free space through the side of the latter which remains uncovered. After the insulating material has hardened r the finished composite section can be removed from the guide section.
~' " ~, ~ 3 62~
From German Offenlegungsschrift 21 29 964 and German Offenlegungsschrift 27 05 870 other methods are known, in which metal sections to be joined together by a layer of insulating material are disposed, spaced apart from one 5 another, in a mold and sealed by a movable strip on the bottom side along the free space existing between them.
Alternatively, for the same purpose, they are pressed down against a bottom covering in the mold. The free space, which is thus open only at the top, can then be filled with liquid 10 insulating material in order to form the composite section.
From German Auslegeschrift 12 45 567 the metal sections, which are separated from one another in the composite section, are also known to be produced as a one-piece section before the free space is filled with insulating 1:5 material. They are joined together below the free space by a bridging web which closes the free space and which, after the layer of insulating material has hardened, is cut away or mechanically removed by other means.
In order, on the one hand, to improve the thermal 20 efficiency of the layer of insulating material of composite sections of the kind in question, and on the other hand, to save expensive insulating material, particularly for large sections, it has already frequently been proposed to use the insulating material introduced into the free space formed by 25 the metal sections only for forming individual connecting webs between the metal sections, leaving an air-filled cavity free from insulating material. Methods of this kind are explained in German Offenlegungsschrift 22 54 762 and German Offenleg-ungsschrift 27 21 367, in which the free space is divided into 30 a ~l,urality of chambers by spaced hollow dividing pieces or separating strips.
~ .~ 62~6~
Because of the introduction of these dividing means, and also because of their subsequent removal, these known methods of production are very time-consuming and therefore very expensive. It is also not possible to reduce costs by leaving the dividing means as lost pieces in the composite section, because their cost, which although low is nevertheless not negligible, still increases production costs.
Moreover, dividing pieces or separating strips which remain in the composite section form temperature bridges between the metal sections thermally insulated from one another, whereby the action of the layers of insulating material is impaired.
A disadvantage of airfilled cavities arises from the fact that these cavities must be provided with drain holes, which at the same time are indispensable for vapor pressure equalization. Consequently, there is a continuous exchange of air, which not only basically reduces the insulating action of the cavity, but at low temperatures also gives rise to the formation of ice, which completely destroys the insulating action. It is therefore more advisable to fill the cavities between the insulating layers with a material of lower thermal conductivity, because in this way, a controlled insulating action can be achieved. Moreover, the acoustically disturbing resonance effect of cavities is thereby avoided.
The filling of the cavities in the insulation region of composite sections is already mentioned in German Offen-legungsschrift 27 21 367. Among varlous examples of embodiment mention was made therein of the possibility oE
inserting into the cavity, as support for forming the upper insulation layer, a separating strip of expanded rubber or other similar material, and ~eaving it in -the cavity. It is true that the air gap in the composite section would thus be B ~
eliminated, but the introduction of a separating strip of this kind requires another very expensive operation, which in addition assuredly gives rise to production difficulties.
This last point may also be the reason that the practical application of ~his stage of the process is not yet known to have occurred.
Taking as starting point the state of the art as expalined above, the problem underlying the invention is that of indicating a method of production by which thermally insulated composition sections, even of large sizes, can be produced in the simplest and most inexpensive manner~ These composite sections should, at the same time, have a completely closed insulating region with particularly advantageous heat insulation values. For the introduction of the multilayer insulating core it is endeavored in the most expedient conduct of the process, to employ a single operation, in order to reduce considerably the cost of production. This should in addition be achieved with very economical consumption of insulating material. This economy is based on the fact that expensive material of great strength is not used for the entire insulating zone, but that the use of such material is restricted to supporting portions thereof. With regard to the remainder of the filling material it is endeavored to achieve the lowest possible thermal conductivity.
With low expenditure of time and at low cost it is now possible, thereby, to produce composite sections which between their individual sections, that are not metallically connected, have an insulating zone possessing the most advantageous properties. These consist in that the insulating zone is composed both of layers of insulating material o~
great strength for the positive and frictional connection of the metal sections, and of insulating layers which have a still - A -1 1 62~8 better insulating action but do not serve as supports, and whose construction and thickness can be adapted to any shape of section without needing additional process steps ox operations. Consequently, the selection of materials is simplified, with the result that it is always possible to use inexpensive materials, for which, within the composite sections of the invention, it is even possible to use the same starting material. The structure of the latter is then suitably varied solely by adding expanding agents.
Embodiments of the invention are described below as examples with reference to the drawings, in which:
Figures 1 to 4 show the stages of the process in the production of a thermally insulated composite section, in end elevation, Figure 5 is a cross-section of another composite section in course of production, Figure 6 illustrates the method of production by means of a longitudinal section of the composite section shown in Figure 4, and Figure 7 is a cross-section of a composite section produced by the method of the inventi~n.
As can be seen in Figure 1, at the beginning of the process two metal sections 1 and 2 shown in end elevation are inserted, spaced apart, into a holder 3, which is likewise shown viewed from the end face~ The holder 3 supports the metal sections 1 and 2 and forms a fxee space 4 situated between them. As shown in Figure 2, the free space 4 is closed at the top and also at the ends of the metal sections 1 and 2 by a self-adhesive cover strip 5.
A channel-shaped guide section 7~ which is shown in Figure 3 and which has the same cross-section as the holder 3, is then placed over the metal sections 1 and 2. These have ~ 1 62~B~
already been loosely joined together to form a composite section 6, and~ likewise as shown in Figure 3, this guide section together with the metal sections 1 and 2 and the holder 3 is turned 180 in the direction of the arrow 8.
As shown in Figure 4, the guide section 7 then comes to lie at the bottom~ whereupon the holder 3, now lying at the top, has completed its mission and therefore can be removed from the metal sections 1 and 2. In the state shown in Figure 4, the free space 4 is sealed at the bottom, and from its open longitudinal side can be filled by means of an inlet nozzle 9 with an insulating material 10 which at first is in li~uid form and then hardens.
According to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the free space 4, which is provided between the metal sections 1 and 2 and which is closed at the bottom~ may also be formed by producing the metal sections 1 and 2 as a one-piece section before being filled with the insulating material 10, being joined together under the free space 4 by a bridging web 11.
In both embodiments the free space 4 is then filled with the insulating material supplied by the nozzle 9 in that solid insulating material layers 12~ 13 positively and frictionally joining together the metal sections 1 and 2 and one or more insulating layers 14 hardening with a porous structure are introduced in alternating succession. Each layer fills only partly the free space 4. For the porous insulating layer 14 it is possible to use the same material as ~or the solid insulating material layers 12 and 13, if for the porous insulating layers 14 a blowing agent providing them with a porous structure, for example in the form of closed-cell polyurethane foam, is added.
A further improvement of the production method of the invention is achieved in accordance with Eigure 6 by 1 J 6~6~
depositing the composite section 6, which has been obtained as the result of the process steps illustrated in Flgures 1 to 4, together with the guide section 7, on a roller conveyor 15 and moving under stationary inlet nozzles 16, 17, and 18.
These inlet nozzles 16, 17, and 18 are disposed one following the other in the working direction l9 of the filling operation, and thus are chronologically staggered in the introduction of the two layers of insulating material 12 and 13 and the interposed insulating layer 14. As the result of this arrangement it is possible to produce all the layers 12, 13, and 14 in a single operation. With a suitably modified apparatus it would of course also be possible to produce the bottom insulating material layer 13 during the movement of the composite section 6 in the working direction, the following insulating layer 14 during the return movement of the composite section 6, and the upper layer of insulating material 12 like-wise in the working direction 19.
Figure 7 shows the structure of the composite section 6 produced by the process stages described above. From this Figure it can be seen that the metal sections 1 and 2 are now joined together only by the two solid insulating material layers 12 and 13 after the self-adhesive cover strip 5 shown in Figure 4 and the bridging web 11 shown in Figure 5 have been removed from the metal sections 1 and 2. The purpose of the insulating layer 14, which on hardening is of porous structure, is to serve as a support for the formation of the upper layer of insulating material 12 during the introduction of the latter and also to ensure that no cavity arises between the insulating material layers 12 and 13, while it is not intended to play any part in the joining together of the metal sections 1 and 2. In contrast to the composite section 6 illustrated, it is possible, in particular for sections of ~ ` ~ 3 ~2~6~
larger sizes, to introduce more than two layers 12, 13 of insulating material, and consequently also a plurality of interposed insulating layers 14.
The table below gives particulars of the German references mentioned in the initial part of the specification:
GERMANY
REFERENCE
NUMBER FILING DATE APPLICANT
12 45 567 21.12.1963 Eduard Hueck, Ludenscheid 21 29 96~ 16.06.1971 American Metal Climax, New York 22 54 762 09.11.1972 Eduard Hueck, Ludenscheid 27 05 870 11.02.1977 Vereinigte Metall-werke, Braunaua. Inn 27 21 367 12.05.1977 Eduard Hueck~ Ludenscheid 29 08 618 06.03.. 1979 Manfred Muhle, I,ohne
Claims (4)
1. A method for producing thermally insulated composite sections, comprising the steps of: forming a free space by at least two metal sections held spaced apart; sealing said space at the bottom; filling at least partly initially said space from an open side with an insulating material which is at first in liquid form and then hardens into solid form for joining together said metal sections positively and frictionally by solid insulating material layers; and introducing further porous insulating layers hardening with a porous structure successively into said free space formed between said metal sections, each layer only partly fills the free space.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said solid insulating material layers and said further insulating layers are introduced with a plurality of inlet nozzles.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein said inlet nozzles for the introduction of said solid insulating material layers and said further insulating layers are disposed one behind the other in working direction of the filling operation.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the same material is used for the further porous insulating layers and for the solid insulating material layers, a blowing agent for providing said porous insulating layers with their porous structure being contained in the material of the porous insulating layers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000360081A CA1162468A (en) | 1980-09-11 | 1980-09-11 | Thermally insulated composite sections, and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000360081A CA1162468A (en) | 1980-09-11 | 1980-09-11 | Thermally insulated composite sections, and method for producing the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1162468A true CA1162468A (en) | 1984-02-21 |
Family
ID=4117862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000360081A Expired CA1162468A (en) | 1980-09-11 | 1980-09-11 | Thermally insulated composite sections, and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1162468A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-09-11 CA CA000360081A patent/CA1162468A/en not_active Expired
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