CA1162252A - Element for securing metal plates and composite panels from one side only - Google Patents
Element for securing metal plates and composite panels from one side onlyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1162252A CA1162252A CA000365790A CA365790A CA1162252A CA 1162252 A CA1162252 A CA 1162252A CA 000365790 A CA000365790 A CA 000365790A CA 365790 A CA365790 A CA 365790A CA 1162252 A CA1162252 A CA 1162252A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- securing
- ring
- panels
- shaped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0288—Welding studs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention concerns an element for securing metal plates and composite panels with metal cover sheets in place from one side only, in particular composite panels with a plastic core and cover sheets made of aluminum or aluminum alloys; the element comprises a metal bolt with a shaft and a head, the head featuring a ring-shaped welding surface delimited inside and outside by a closed cone segment on which a ring-shaped arcing ring is provided, the bolt is joined to the metal cover sheet by condenser discharge welding, the composite panels may be employed as curtain walls or room dividers, where it is desirable to secure the panels at one side only.
The invention concerns an element for securing metal plates and composite panels with metal cover sheets in place from one side only, in particular composite panels with a plastic core and cover sheets made of aluminum or aluminum alloys; the element comprises a metal bolt with a shaft and a head, the head featuring a ring-shaped welding surface delimited inside and outside by a closed cone segment on which a ring-shaped arcing ring is provided, the bolt is joined to the metal cover sheet by condenser discharge welding, the composite panels may be employed as curtain walls or room dividers, where it is desirable to secure the panels at one side only.
Description
g ~ ~2~52 Element for securing metal plates and composi-te panels from one slde only . . ~
The inven-tion rela-tes to an element for securing metal panels in place from one side only, in particular composite panels.
Composite panels, especially these with a core sheet and two cover sheets, are often mounted and secured in place from one side only.
Especially when these panels are used as curtain walls there should be no deformation or features on the decorative, -visible side due to the means of securing on the o-ther side i.e. nothing causing shadows or pa-tterns which would detract from the esthetic effect, in particular when -the panel is illumina-ted by inclined lighting.
However, also when composite panels are used as room dividers or the like where the means of securing from one side are employed on each of the two sides, the means of fixing the panels in place should not detract in any way from the appearance of the panel on the other side.
The use of elements which secure cover panels of any kind from one side only is in most cases preferred, especially when the visible side may not in any way be affected by the securing element.
Elements for securing composite panels in place from one side only are already known. However, these suffer from the disadvant-age that they can not guarantee a blemish free appearance on the visible side, or -they can be attached to the panel only by using uneconomic methods, or are such that the strength of at-tachment ls 1~ 58 than satisFactory.
l~iZ2S~! ~
Therefore, e.g. when using the expandable claw according to German utility model 74 42 107 or the fric-tion welding method accordiny to the Swiss patent 583 833, a hole must first be bored in the cover sheet. This markedly limits the load which can be borne by the joint and the plate; it also makes the method of mounting more expensive.
There has been no lack of efforts to make a device for securing composite panels in place with the help of condenser discharge welding equipment. Up to now this method has brought no success in connection with the above mentioned purpose as the resultant strength was too 1Ow, especially when the connection was subjec-t~
ed to torsional forces. This was due to the use of the normal bolts with concentric, slightly conical contact surface ~ith centra] shaft discharge point. Only with sheet thicknesses of larger than approximately 1 mm was it possible to achieve re-sults of even paxtial success. However, the cover sheets used are normally thinner than 1 mm. Neither condenser discharge weld-ing nor any other method available up to now has provided a satis-factory method for mounting the commercially available composite panels.
The object of the present invention is therefore to develop an element for mounting and securing in place metal panels, in particular composite panels with a core of, for example, thermo-plastic material and metal cover sheets, whereby the said element does not feature the above mentioned handicaps.
In their efforts to achieve the above objec-tive the inventors started from the observation that, in the case of bolts which are
The inven-tion rela-tes to an element for securing metal panels in place from one side only, in particular composite panels.
Composite panels, especially these with a core sheet and two cover sheets, are often mounted and secured in place from one side only.
Especially when these panels are used as curtain walls there should be no deformation or features on the decorative, -visible side due to the means of securing on the o-ther side i.e. nothing causing shadows or pa-tterns which would detract from the esthetic effect, in particular when -the panel is illumina-ted by inclined lighting.
However, also when composite panels are used as room dividers or the like where the means of securing from one side are employed on each of the two sides, the means of fixing the panels in place should not detract in any way from the appearance of the panel on the other side.
The use of elements which secure cover panels of any kind from one side only is in most cases preferred, especially when the visible side may not in any way be affected by the securing element.
Elements for securing composite panels in place from one side only are already known. However, these suffer from the disadvant-age that they can not guarantee a blemish free appearance on the visible side, or -they can be attached to the panel only by using uneconomic methods, or are such that the strength of at-tachment ls 1~ 58 than satisFactory.
l~iZ2S~! ~
Therefore, e.g. when using the expandable claw according to German utility model 74 42 107 or the fric-tion welding method accordiny to the Swiss patent 583 833, a hole must first be bored in the cover sheet. This markedly limits the load which can be borne by the joint and the plate; it also makes the method of mounting more expensive.
There has been no lack of efforts to make a device for securing composite panels in place with the help of condenser discharge welding equipment. Up to now this method has brought no success in connection with the above mentioned purpose as the resultant strength was too 1Ow, especially when the connection was subjec-t~
ed to torsional forces. This was due to the use of the normal bolts with concentric, slightly conical contact surface ~ith centra] shaft discharge point. Only with sheet thicknesses of larger than approximately 1 mm was it possible to achieve re-sults of even paxtial success. However, the cover sheets used are normally thinner than 1 mm. Neither condenser discharge weld-ing nor any other method available up to now has provided a satis-factory method for mounting the commercially available composite panels.
The object of the present invention is therefore to develop an element for mounting and securing in place metal panels, in particular composite panels with a core of, for example, thermo-plastic material and metal cover sheets, whereby the said element does not feature the above mentioned handicaps.
In their efforts to achieve the above objec-tive the inventors started from the observation that, in the case of bolts which are
2~52 welded to the cover sheet, the deformation of the cover sheet depends basically on the size of the stresses applied to the bolt. When screwing on nuts the tightening torque, in which tension and torsion act simultaneously, is of great importance. When mounted e.g. as facade panels, there are additional shear stresses which change depending on the weight or size of the composite panel and the number of supporting bolts Also, thermal s-tresses due to changes in the ambient temperature act on the weld. It is therefore revealing that the manner in which the -force is applied and the place where peak stresses occur are of decisive importance for the means used to secure the panel in place.
In accordance with the invention a special design of securing element is joined to the metal cover sheet using the condenser discharge method.
In one aspect of the invention there is provided a bolt as an element for securing metal sheets and com-posite panels with metal cover sheets from one side only using condenser discharge welding to attach the bolt to the ~0 said sheets or panels wherein the metal bolt comprises a shaft and a head integral therewith, wherein the head includes a ring-shaped welding surface having the shape inside and outside of a closed cone section on which a ring-shaped arcing ring is provided.
In accordance with the invention a special design of securing element is joined to the metal cover sheet using the condenser discharge method.
In one aspect of the invention there is provided a bolt as an element for securing metal sheets and com-posite panels with metal cover sheets from one side only using condenser discharge welding to attach the bolt to the ~0 said sheets or panels wherein the metal bolt comprises a shaft and a head integral therewith, wherein the head includes a ring-shaped welding surface having the shape inside and outside of a closed cone section on which a ring-shaped arcing ring is provided.
3 -~ 1 6~252 Surprisingly, it turns out that by changing the geometric form of the securing element which up to now is normally used for this purpose all the above mentioned handicaps can be eliminated.
The invention is described in greater detail in the following with the help of the schematic drawings viz ., FIGS. 1-5: Plan views of various versions of the bolt according to the invention.
FIGS. 6-9: End views of various versions of the bolt according to the invention.
".~
il 1 6;~252 The securing elf~ment according to the invention is a me-tallic bolt which as shown in figs 1-5 comprises a shaft 10 and a head 20 provided at one end. The shaft can, for other connections, be provided with inner or outer threads using generally known methods for this, or can feature some other means of securing. Unlike the conventional heads with an approximately 180C conical weld sur-face and central arc tip, the head 20 is provided with a welding surface 26 which is ring-shaped and the inner and outer limit-ations of which are characterised ~y a closed cone section shape.
An arcing ring 28 is provided on the welding face 26 of the bolt according to the invention.
The pot-like shape oE the head represents a simple version of the invention. This exemplified embodiment of the invention is explained in greater detail in the following with the help of fig~ 1. The head 20 of the bolt comprises a circular base 22 on which a hollow, cylindrical-shaped ring 2~ is mounted. The surface 26 to be welded to the sheet is ring-shaped and lies on a plane approximately vertical to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 10.
The contact element to initiate the welding arc is a, preferably circular, arcing ring 28 approximately in the middle of the sur-face 26 to be welded to the sheet.
An advantage of ~his arxangement is that the welding does not or ~i~ o~,e Gll'r~Ct~'Vr1,~
proceed radially on one side~as with the bol-ts used up to now, but simultaneously inwards to smaller diameters and outwards to larger diameters.
~2252 In the course of development of the invention it was found that the ring 24 need not necessarily be c~lindrical in shape. For example blunted cone shapes or rounded versions such as are shown in figs 2 and 3 also provea effective. With elliptical welding surfaces 26 it is advantageous for the ratio of the elipse axes not to exceed about 3. Usually it is ln the region of 1. It also turns out that the base 22 can be omitted and the ring 24, as shown for example in fig. 4, joins up directly to the shaft 10.
As shown by way of example in fig. 5, the modification of the design of the bolt can be taken so far that the result is a tub-ular bolt 40 in which the head 20 and shaft 10 form a unit and can no longer be separately identified, and a hole penetrating the whole length of the bolt forms the inner limit of the weld-ing surface 26. With such a bolt an outer or inner thread for example can serve to provide further means of attachment. As shown in figs 8 and 9, according to a special embodiment of the invention, the welding surface 26 or the ring 24 and/or the arc-ing ring 2~ can be provided with one or more slits 30 running approximately parallel to the shaft axis.
In a special version of the bolt the base 22 and the ring 24 are circular, and their contact surfaces have the same size of outer diameter, whereby this is 1 to 4 times, preferably 2 to 4 times, as large as the diameter of the shaft 10. Also preferred is that the thickness of the base 22 is 1 to 2 times the wall thickness of the ring 24, and the height of the ring 24 is about the same s the thickness of the b.lse 22. The diameter of the ~rcing ring 1~2252 28 is preferably half of the sum of the outer and inner diameters of the ring 24, measured at the place where the welding surface 26 is, and the arcing ring 28 forms an isosceles to equilateral triangle - as viewed in cross section - whereby the shorter side lies in the plane of the welding surface 26 and the height is about one tenth of the diameter of the shaft 10.
With the shape of bolt according to the invention much higher strength can be achieved than with the bolts used up to now for this purpose. mls can e.g. be seen veryclearly in the following table.
Crack formation or fracture of different types of bolt subjected to different kinds of loading , ........ . . ~ . .................. ..
Type of bolt Shear load Tensile load Torsion moment a 766 N 455 N 27 cm/kp b 1455 N 1028 N 57,5 cm/]cp The above values are the average values from 10 tests of each kind. The panel used was one which is commercially available, viz.
The invention is described in greater detail in the following with the help of the schematic drawings viz ., FIGS. 1-5: Plan views of various versions of the bolt according to the invention.
FIGS. 6-9: End views of various versions of the bolt according to the invention.
".~
il 1 6;~252 The securing elf~ment according to the invention is a me-tallic bolt which as shown in figs 1-5 comprises a shaft 10 and a head 20 provided at one end. The shaft can, for other connections, be provided with inner or outer threads using generally known methods for this, or can feature some other means of securing. Unlike the conventional heads with an approximately 180C conical weld sur-face and central arc tip, the head 20 is provided with a welding surface 26 which is ring-shaped and the inner and outer limit-ations of which are characterised ~y a closed cone section shape.
An arcing ring 28 is provided on the welding face 26 of the bolt according to the invention.
The pot-like shape oE the head represents a simple version of the invention. This exemplified embodiment of the invention is explained in greater detail in the following with the help of fig~ 1. The head 20 of the bolt comprises a circular base 22 on which a hollow, cylindrical-shaped ring 2~ is mounted. The surface 26 to be welded to the sheet is ring-shaped and lies on a plane approximately vertical to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 10.
The contact element to initiate the welding arc is a, preferably circular, arcing ring 28 approximately in the middle of the sur-face 26 to be welded to the sheet.
An advantage of ~his arxangement is that the welding does not or ~i~ o~,e Gll'r~Ct~'Vr1,~
proceed radially on one side~as with the bol-ts used up to now, but simultaneously inwards to smaller diameters and outwards to larger diameters.
~2252 In the course of development of the invention it was found that the ring 24 need not necessarily be c~lindrical in shape. For example blunted cone shapes or rounded versions such as are shown in figs 2 and 3 also provea effective. With elliptical welding surfaces 26 it is advantageous for the ratio of the elipse axes not to exceed about 3. Usually it is ln the region of 1. It also turns out that the base 22 can be omitted and the ring 24, as shown for example in fig. 4, joins up directly to the shaft 10.
As shown by way of example in fig. 5, the modification of the design of the bolt can be taken so far that the result is a tub-ular bolt 40 in which the head 20 and shaft 10 form a unit and can no longer be separately identified, and a hole penetrating the whole length of the bolt forms the inner limit of the weld-ing surface 26. With such a bolt an outer or inner thread for example can serve to provide further means of attachment. As shown in figs 8 and 9, according to a special embodiment of the invention, the welding surface 26 or the ring 24 and/or the arc-ing ring 2~ can be provided with one or more slits 30 running approximately parallel to the shaft axis.
In a special version of the bolt the base 22 and the ring 24 are circular, and their contact surfaces have the same size of outer diameter, whereby this is 1 to 4 times, preferably 2 to 4 times, as large as the diameter of the shaft 10. Also preferred is that the thickness of the base 22 is 1 to 2 times the wall thickness of the ring 24, and the height of the ring 24 is about the same s the thickness of the b.lse 22. The diameter of the ~rcing ring 1~2252 28 is preferably half of the sum of the outer and inner diameters of the ring 24, measured at the place where the welding surface 26 is, and the arcing ring 28 forms an isosceles to equilateral triangle - as viewed in cross section - whereby the shorter side lies in the plane of the welding surface 26 and the height is about one tenth of the diameter of the shaft 10.
With the shape of bolt according to the invention much higher strength can be achieved than with the bolts used up to now for this purpose. mls can e.g. be seen veryclearly in the following table.
Crack formation or fracture of different types of bolt subjected to different kinds of loading , ........ . . ~ . .................. ..
Type of bolt Shear load Tensile load Torsion moment a 766 N 455 N 27 cm/kp b 1455 N 1028 N 57,5 cm/]cp The above values are the average values from 10 tests of each kind. The panel used was one which is commercially available, viz.
4 mm thick and made up of a 3 mm thick polyethylene core with a metal cladding of 0.5 mm thick, ~4 hard alloy AlMgl on each side.
The ultimate -tensile strength of the cover sheet ~B was 15 kp/~m .
Both bolts were made of alloy AlMg3 and had a shaft diameter of 6 mm. Bolt type a represents the conven-tional bol-t with an 3 mm diameter welding surface. Bolt type b represents the bolt accord-1 ~62~52 ing -to the invention and in the following preferred form: hollow~
cylindrical ring 24 with an outer diameter of 12 mm and height 3 mm, whereby the wall thickness of the ring 24 was dimensioned such that the area of -the circular ring of the welding surface 26 corresponded exactly to the area of the we:Lding surface on bolt type a. The arcing ring 28 constituted in cross section an isos-celes triangle which has an angle of ~0 at the tip and has a height of 0.6 mm.
In the case of bolt type a the weld spreads out from a central arcing point where the first meltiny of the aluminum ta]ces place.
With this arrangement it is possible to achieve connections where 75 to 85~ of the total surface is welded. As soon as the arcing ring 28 of bolt type b touches the cover sheet of the composite, it is melted and the welding spreads, unlike with bolt a, radial-ly on both sides of the arcing ring 28. The result is a homogene-ous weld connection with 100% of the total available surface weld-ed.
The high strength of the weld achieved with the bolt according to the invention is presumably due to the fact that during welding, because of the short distance over which the weld spreads across the welding surface 26 according to the invention, the weld dross and other impurities can be driven radially inwards and outwards completely out of the weld zone so that the resultant weld formed is free of dross and/or inclusions of impurities.
B~25~
The type of bolt according to the invention overcomes the disad-vantages experienced up to now viz., the low tightening torque and the permanent deformation of the sheet on the exposed side Q f the panel.
An additional advantage is the better distribution of localised heating over a larger area of sheet, which with composite panels prevents the partial, local separation of the cover from the core caused by the high concentration of heat on one spot by the bolts normally employed up to now.
The ultimate -tensile strength of the cover sheet ~B was 15 kp/~m .
Both bolts were made of alloy AlMg3 and had a shaft diameter of 6 mm. Bolt type a represents the conven-tional bol-t with an 3 mm diameter welding surface. Bolt type b represents the bolt accord-1 ~62~52 ing -to the invention and in the following preferred form: hollow~
cylindrical ring 24 with an outer diameter of 12 mm and height 3 mm, whereby the wall thickness of the ring 24 was dimensioned such that the area of -the circular ring of the welding surface 26 corresponded exactly to the area of the we:Lding surface on bolt type a. The arcing ring 28 constituted in cross section an isos-celes triangle which has an angle of ~0 at the tip and has a height of 0.6 mm.
In the case of bolt type a the weld spreads out from a central arcing point where the first meltiny of the aluminum ta]ces place.
With this arrangement it is possible to achieve connections where 75 to 85~ of the total surface is welded. As soon as the arcing ring 28 of bolt type b touches the cover sheet of the composite, it is melted and the welding spreads, unlike with bolt a, radial-ly on both sides of the arcing ring 28. The result is a homogene-ous weld connection with 100% of the total available surface weld-ed.
The high strength of the weld achieved with the bolt according to the invention is presumably due to the fact that during welding, because of the short distance over which the weld spreads across the welding surface 26 according to the invention, the weld dross and other impurities can be driven radially inwards and outwards completely out of the weld zone so that the resultant weld formed is free of dross and/or inclusions of impurities.
B~25~
The type of bolt according to the invention overcomes the disad-vantages experienced up to now viz., the low tightening torque and the permanent deformation of the sheet on the exposed side Q f the panel.
An additional advantage is the better distribution of localised heating over a larger area of sheet, which with composite panels prevents the partial, local separation of the cover from the core caused by the high concentration of heat on one spot by the bolts normally employed up to now.
Claims (16)
1. A bolt as an element for securing metal sheets and composite panels with metal cover sheets from one side only using condenser discharge welding to attach the bolt to the said sheets or panels, in which, the metal bolt comprises an elongated shaft and a head, said head featuring a ring-shaped welding surface having the shape inside and outside of a closed cone section on which a ring-shaped arcing ring is provided.
2. Securing bolt according to claim 1, in which the ratio of the axes of the cone section lies between 1 and 3.
3. Securing bolt according to claim 1 and 2, in which the bolt has a tube-like shape.
4. Securing bolt according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one of the ring-shaped welding surface and the arcing ring is provided with at least one slit.
5. Bolt as an element for securing metal sheets and composite panels with metal cover sheets from one side only using condenser discharge welding to attach the bolt to the said sheets or panels wherein the metal bolt comprises a shaft and a head integral therewith, wherein the head includes a ring-shaped welding surface having the shape inside and outside of a closed cone section on which a ring-shaped arcing ring is provided.
6. Securing bolt according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the axes of the cone section lies between 1 and 3.
7. Securing bolt according to claim 6, wherein said ratio is about 1:1.
8. Securing bolt according to claim 5, wherein the bolt has a tube-like shape.
9. Securing bolt according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the welding surface and the arcing ring is provided with at least one slit.
10. Securing bolt according to claim 5, wherein said bolt head includes a circular base on which a hollow, cylindrical shaped ring is mounted.
11. Securing bolt according to claim 10, wherein said bolt includes a circular base on which a hollow shaped ring is mounted having a blunted cone or rounded shape.
12. Securing bolt according to claim 5, wherein said bolt head includes a hollow shaped ring which joins up directly to said shaft.
13. Securing bolt according to claim 10, wherein said base and said hollow, cylindrical shaped ring have the same outer diameter which is 2 to 4 times as large as the diameter of the shaft.
14. A structure comprising a plurality of panels secured in juxtaposed relationship with securing elements, said panels being composite panels having a plastic core and cover sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy, each said securing element comprising a bolt as defined in claim 5, 6 or 8.
15. A structure comprising a plurality of panels secured in juxtaposed relationship with securing elements, said panels being composite panels having a plastic core and cover sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy, each said securing element comprising a bolt as defined in claim 9, 10 or 11.
16. A structure comprising a plurality of panels secured in juxtaposed relationship with securing elements, said panels being composite panels having a plastic core and cover sheets of aluminum or aluminum alloy, each said securing element comprising a bolt as defined in claim 12 or 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH10608/79-2 | 1979-11-29 | ||
| CH1060879A CH646744A5 (en) | 1979-11-29 | 1979-11-29 | FASTENING BOLTS FOR FASTENING ON METAL PLATES. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1162252A true CA1162252A (en) | 1984-02-14 |
Family
ID=4365006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000365790A Expired CA1162252A (en) | 1979-11-29 | 1980-11-28 | Element for securing metal plates and composite panels from one side only |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56134612A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT369823B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8007778A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1162252A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH646744A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3000834C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2470890B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2065011B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1133792B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8006500A (en) |
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| DE3536084A1 (en) * | 1985-10-09 | 1987-04-09 | Trw Nelson Bolzenschweiss Tech | T-BOLTS FOR APPLICATION IN BOLT WELDING |
| GB2191968B (en) * | 1986-06-28 | 1990-01-31 | Glynwed Eng | Shelf structure and method of making same |
| JPH0353799Y2 (en) * | 1986-10-06 | 1991-11-26 | ||
| JPS63101178U (en) * | 1986-12-20 | 1988-07-01 | ||
| JPS63106582U (en) * | 1986-12-26 | 1988-07-09 | ||
| JPH0596375A (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1993-04-20 | Kajima Corp | Stud welding method for deformed bar steel |
| DE4222664C2 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-04-28 | Bolzenschweistechnik Heinz Soy | Connector for use in stud welding |
| DE4335166A1 (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-04-20 | Eberhard Koch | Composite element |
| US5565116A (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-10-15 | David D. Barton | Stud welding |
| DE19531792C2 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1999-09-09 | Moos | Small part for welding to a workpiece and method for electrically welding the two metal parts |
| DE19611711A1 (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-10-02 | Emhart Inc | Arc welding process and associated studs with a tapered annular weld rim |
| DE19838392A1 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2000-03-02 | Trw Nelson Bolzenschweisstechn | Welding stud with all-round weld bead |
| DE10230846A1 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-01-29 | Newfrey Llc, Newark | Method and device for arc welding elements on coated components |
| BRPI0315125B1 (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2016-01-26 | Newfrey Llc | fastener and stud construction, method of attaching a threaded rod to a frame and stud |
| RU2435994C2 (en) * | 2006-02-12 | 2011-12-10 | Адольф Вюрт Гмбх & Ко. Кг | Blind rivet, method and device for installation of such rivet |
| JP2009150497A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-09 | Nippon Pop Rivets & Fasteners Ltd | Welding stud |
| GB2478501B (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2013-05-01 | Nelson Stud Welding Inc | Turbine wheel and shaft joining processes |
| JP5326167B2 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2013-10-30 | ポップリベット・ファスナー株式会社 | Arc welding method and arc welding apparatus |
| JP5802040B2 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2015-10-28 | Ａｒｔ−Ｈｉｋａｒｉ株式会社 | Stud structure |
| DE102011053596A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-14 | Newfrey Llc | Welding stud and joining arrangement for the aligned joining of components |
| US20130081913A1 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2013-04-04 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Welding of transfer ring on round tube |
| DE102012008969A1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-07 | Marko Buxbaumer | Glass-metal facade composite panel for building, has point-like fastening units that are fixedly and approximately distributed on metal plate reaching whole surface of glass pane |
| JP6639790B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2020-02-05 | 曙機械株式会社 | Stud pin joining apparatus and stud pin joining method used for joining to laminated composite board |
| CN108591217A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-09-28 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | It is exclusively used in the pin shaft structure of connection steel construction and hydraulic lifting device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7442107U (en) * | 1975-05-15 | Aluminium Walzwerke Singen Gmbh | One-sided fastening for composite panels | |
| FR1172429A (en) * | 1957-02-27 | 1959-02-10 | Improvements in the electric welding of rods, handles or other parts on metal sheets | |
| US2968713A (en) * | 1958-10-20 | 1961-01-17 | Gen Motors Corp | Weld assembly |
| FR1294362A (en) * | 1961-05-10 | 1962-05-26 | Resistance welding process of machined parts, in particular on insulated or painted sheets on the opposite side | |
| US3598952A (en) * | 1964-12-23 | 1971-08-10 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for producing a stream feeder |
| US3435871A (en) * | 1967-07-12 | 1969-04-01 | Screw & Bolt Corp Of America | Weld element |
| FR2029605A1 (en) * | 1969-01-29 | 1970-10-23 | Welding Research Inc | |
| US3508028A (en) * | 1969-03-03 | 1970-04-21 | Charles C Pease | Spud welding apparatus |
| US3671710A (en) * | 1970-06-17 | 1972-06-20 | John A Stephens | Welding stud and method |
| CH583833A5 (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1977-01-14 | Alusuisse |
-
1979
- 1979-11-29 CH CH1060879A patent/CH646744A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-01-11 DE DE3000834A patent/DE3000834C2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-11 IT IT25886/80A patent/IT1133792B/en active
- 1980-11-27 BR BR8007778A patent/BR8007778A/en unknown
- 1980-11-27 FR FR8025191A patent/FR2470890B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-28 NL NL8006500A patent/NL8006500A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-11-28 CA CA000365790A patent/CA1162252A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-28 AT AT0582980A patent/AT369823B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-11-28 JP JP16789980A patent/JPS56134612A/en active Pending
- 1980-11-28 GB GB8038346A patent/GB2065011B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2065011B (en) | 1984-04-26 |
| NL8006500A (en) | 1981-07-01 |
| FR2470890A1 (en) | 1981-06-12 |
| CH646744A5 (en) | 1984-12-14 |
| ATA582980A (en) | 1982-06-15 |
| GB2065011A (en) | 1981-06-24 |
| DE3000834C2 (en) | 1982-12-09 |
| BR8007778A (en) | 1981-06-16 |
| DE3000834A1 (en) | 1981-06-04 |
| JPS56134612A (en) | 1981-10-21 |
| IT8025886A0 (en) | 1980-11-11 |
| IT1133792B (en) | 1986-07-09 |
| AT369823B (en) | 1983-02-10 |
| FR2470890B1 (en) | 1985-08-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |