CA1145964A - 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-s-triazines as algicides - Google Patents
2-chloro-4,6-diamino-s-triazines as algicidesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1145964A CA1145964A CA000366852A CA366852A CA1145964A CA 1145964 A CA1145964 A CA 1145964A CA 000366852 A CA000366852 A CA 000366852A CA 366852 A CA366852 A CA 366852A CA 1145964 A CA1145964 A CA 1145964A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- atoms
- water
- chlorine
- algae
- chloro
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- FVFVNNKYKYZTJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical class NC1=NC(N)=NC(Cl)=N1 FVFVNNKYKYZTJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- FZXISNSWEXTPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbutylazine Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)(C)C)=N1 FZXISNSWEXTPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950009390 symclosene Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroisocyanuric acid Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)NC(=O)N(Cl)C1=O CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NGWKGSCSHDHHAJ-YPFQVHCOSA-N Liquoric acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)C2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)C[C@H]5O[C@@H]([C@](C6)(C)C(O)=O)C[C@@]5(C)[C@@H]6C4=CC(=O)C3[C@]21C NGWKGSCSHDHHAJ-YPFQVHCOSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- ODCWYMIRDDJXKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N simazine Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(Cl)=NC(NCC)=N1 ODCWYMIRDDJXKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000192656 Nostoc Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000195663 Scenedesmus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000195652 Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007091 Chlorella pyrenoidosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000009108 Chlorella vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007089 Chlorella vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000195628 Chlorophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001086185 Klebsormidium subtilissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000192589 Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000199473 Tribonema aequale Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002353 algacidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940091173 hydantoin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical class Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- -1 sec-butyL Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- RAQRSEOQUMHQBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-tert-butyl-2-chloro-4-n-ethyl-2h-1,3,5-triazine-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(Cl)N(N)C(C(C)(C)C)=N1 RAQRSEOQUMHQBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical class ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000761677 Jaaginema geminatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000215468 Leptolyngbya foveolarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192497 Oscillatoria Species 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000192608 Phormidium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000192707 Synechococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- RQVYBGPQFYCBGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ametryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NC(C)C)=NC(SC)=N1 RQVYBGPQFYCBGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CODNYICXDISAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine monochloride Chemical compound BrCl CODNYICXDISAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VRLDVERQJMEPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dbdmh Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Br)C(=O)N(Br)C1=O VRLDVERQJMEPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004010 onium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AAEVYOVXGOFMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prometryn Chemical compound CSC1=NC(NC(C)C)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 AAEVYOVXGOFMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbutryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NC(C)(C)C)=NC(SC)=N1 IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/66—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms
- A01N43/68—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms with two or three nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- A01N43/70—Diamino—1,3,5—triazines with only one oxygen, sulfur or halogen atom or only one cyano, thiocyano (—SCN), cyanato (—OCN) or azido (—N3) group directly attached to a ring carbon atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH11213/79-6 | 1979-12-18 | ||
| CH1121379 | 1979-12-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1145964A true CA1145964A (en) | 1983-05-10 |
Family
ID=4371181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000366852A Expired CA1145964A (en) | 1979-12-18 | 1980-12-16 | 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-s-triazines as algicides |
Country Status (7)
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1989010696A1 (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1989-11-16 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Biocidal composition |
| US5236600A (en) * | 1991-06-05 | 1993-08-17 | Hutchins Danny T | Process for controlling bacteria growth in water supply systems |
| US5888428A (en) * | 1992-10-30 | 1999-03-30 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Methods for generating residual disinfectants during the ozonization of water |
| ZA98572B (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-17 | Fmc Corp | Method for stabilizing halogen disinfectant in aqueous systems |
| US6680070B1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2004-01-20 | Albemarle Corporation | Particulate blends and compacted products formed therefrom, and the preparation thereof |
| US6565868B1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2003-05-20 | Albemarle Corporation | Methods for microbiological control in aqueous systems |
| US7371397B2 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2008-05-13 | Albemarle Corporation | Methods for microbiological control in aqueous systems |
| US6638959B2 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2003-10-28 | Albemarle Corporation | Microbiological control in aqueous systems |
| US6495698B1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2002-12-17 | Albemarle Corporation | Binder-free compacted forms of 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoins |
| US6448410B1 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2002-09-10 | Albemarle Corporation | Production of compacted biocidal agent from particulate biocidal agent without using a binder |
| US7579018B2 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2009-08-25 | Albemarle Corporation | Microbiological control in aqueous systems |
| WO2003011033A1 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-02-13 | Solution Biosciences, Inc. | Microbiological control in animal processing |
| US6919364B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2005-07-19 | Solution Biosciences, Inc. | Microbiological control in animal processing |
| US6986910B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2006-01-17 | Albemarle Corporation | Microbiological control in poultry processing |
| AU2002334934B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2008-01-17 | Albemarle Corporation | Control of biofilms in industrial water systems |
| US20040010024A1 (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-01-15 | Howarth Jonathan N. | Particulate blends and compacted products formed therefrom, and the preparation thereof |
| US6965035B1 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2005-11-15 | Albemarle Corp | Compacted forms of halogenated hydantoins |
| US20040265445A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2004-12-30 | Liimatta Eric W. | Microbiocidal control in the processing of poultry |
| US20040265446A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2004-12-30 | Mcnaughton James L. | Microbiocidal control in the processing of poultry |
| US7901276B2 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2011-03-08 | Albemarle Corporation | Microbiocidal control in the processing of meat-producing four-legged animals |
| AU2004326202B2 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2011-11-10 | Albemarle Corporation | Microbiocidal control in the processing of meat-producing four-legged animals |
| EP1959735A1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2008-08-27 | Solution Biosciences, Inc. | Microbiocidal control in the processing of meat-producing four-legged animals |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3077392A (en) * | 1959-01-08 | 1963-02-12 | Chipman Chemical Company Inc | Plant growth control and herbicidal composition and process of using the same |
| US3201311A (en) * | 1962-01-19 | 1965-08-17 | Armour Pharma | Algicidal and sanitizing compositions |
| US3161588A (en) * | 1962-06-01 | 1964-12-15 | Jr Frank J Zsoldos | Procedure for water treatment |
| US3136716A (en) * | 1962-12-26 | 1964-06-09 | Voldale Inc | Process for purifying aqueous media |
| US3253979A (en) * | 1963-06-20 | 1966-05-31 | Olin Mathieson | Light stabilized chlorine compositions |
| CH485408A (de) * | 1966-01-28 | 1970-02-15 | Ciba Geigy | Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel |
| CH508345A (de) * | 1970-04-03 | 1971-06-15 | Basf Ag | Fungizides Mittel |
| JPS4925135A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1972-06-29 | 1974-03-06 | ||
| CA1050880A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1979-03-20 | Roger C. Hollenbach | Compositions having sanitizing and algaecidal properties |
-
1980
- 1980-12-12 DE DE8080810383T patent/DE3064984D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-12-12 EP EP80810383A patent/EP0032357B1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-12-16 CA CA000366852A patent/CA1145964A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-17 ZA ZA00807871A patent/ZA807871B/xx unknown
- 1980-12-18 JP JP17963480A patent/JPS5697204A/ja active Granted
- 1980-12-18 AU AU65498/80A patent/AU543857B2/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-12-19 US US06/814,520 patent/US4659359A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4659359A (en) | 1987-04-21 |
| EP0032357A3 (en) | 1981-08-05 |
| DE3064984D1 (en) | 1983-10-27 |
| JPS643841B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1989-01-23 |
| EP0032357B1 (de) | 1983-09-21 |
| EP0032357A2 (de) | 1981-07-22 |
| AU6549880A (en) | 1981-06-25 |
| AU543857B2 (en) | 1985-05-09 |
| ZA807871B (en) | 1982-01-27 |
| JPS5697204A (en) | 1981-08-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |