CA1142863A - Transportcontainer for liquids, gases and loose material - Google Patents
Transportcontainer for liquids, gases and loose materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1142863A CA1142863A CA000326999A CA326999A CA1142863A CA 1142863 A CA1142863 A CA 1142863A CA 000326999 A CA000326999 A CA 000326999A CA 326999 A CA326999 A CA 326999A CA 1142863 A CA1142863 A CA 1142863A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cylindrical shell
- transport container
- pipe
- container according
- pipe member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
- B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
- B65D88/128—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport tank containers, i.e. containers provided with supporting devices for handling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/86348—Tank with internally extending flow guide, pipe or conduit
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A transport container for liquids, gases or loose material is disclosed, having a riser for emptying the container under pressure or a discharge spout with a connection flange for emptying the container by gravity, and/or having connections for fixtures at the top of the container.
The discharge spout is formed by a pipe section at least one end of which is open and which is inserted into the container bottom either parall l or at an acute angle to the horizontal. The top of the pipe section is provided with an opening for guiding the riser and the outlet end of said pipe section ends in the connection flange. A pipe, extending parallel to the top line of the container, is preferably welded into the top of the container, the top of the pipe extending laterally above the container and the upper half of the pipe having at least one connection opening which is accessible from outside and which is not vertical.
A transport container for liquids, gases or loose material is disclosed, having a riser for emptying the container under pressure or a discharge spout with a connection flange for emptying the container by gravity, and/or having connections for fixtures at the top of the container.
The discharge spout is formed by a pipe section at least one end of which is open and which is inserted into the container bottom either parall l or at an acute angle to the horizontal. The top of the pipe section is provided with an opening for guiding the riser and the outlet end of said pipe section ends in the connection flange. A pipe, extending parallel to the top line of the container, is preferably welded into the top of the container, the top of the pipe extending laterally above the container and the upper half of the pipe having at least one connection opening which is accessible from outside and which is not vertical.
Description
3 ~2~
The invention relates to a transport container made from cylin-drical shells for combined handling of liquids, gases or loose material, adapted for emptying under pressure or by gravity, and/or having connections for fixtures.
~ ccording to the dangerous character o~ the load, liquid transport containers are emptied either by pressure higher than the atmospheric pres-sure through a riser built in the top of the container, or by gravity through a discharge valve built in the bottom of the container. In order to ensure emptying which is as complete as possible, in both cases a depression (sump) must be formed in the bottom of the container where the remaining liquid can accumulate.
Various embodiments of the sump are known. These include sump basins. These cause however, due to necessary heat treatment, structural changes in the material of the container, which is made mostly from alloyed steel7 and weakening of the wall thickness by the straining o~ the sheet metal.
In order to avoid this disadvantage block flanges are welded into a corresponding recess in the bottom of the container. These require large cross-sections and considerable differences in thickness between the material of the ~lange and the container wall cause corresponding transition stresses.
U-shaped troughs or semi-tubular shells welded into the bottom, which may extend either longitudinally or transversely, require a consider-able amount o~ welding and large holes in the wall with corresponding loss of material. In addition they have a disadvantageous shape as regards pressure stresses caused in use.
In all cases there are also needed additional guides for the riser fixed in the top of the container, in order to retain the riser in the .
, Z~;i3 prescribed position ending in the sump and protect it against vibration.
In order to meet all the requirements, particularly when the load varies, and to ensure complete emptying of the sump, which is inaccessible, particularly for cleaning, it is recommended to make the sump as a discharge spout closed by a bottom valve. In that case either the riser may be used for emptying under pressure or the bottom valve may be used for emptying by gravity. Even this arrangement suffers from the disadvantages mentioned earlier.
Also, further ~ixtures must be provided in the transport container in addition to the mentioned riser for the emptying of the container. These include, in addition to a manhole, e.g. relief pressure valves, fuses, bursting discs and also connections for pressurised air and inert gas.
These fixtures are usually arranged at the top of the container.
Due to the structural height of these elements required by their ~unction, a part of the structural height of the container, which is valuable for obtaining optimum loading space, is lost as a rule.
In addition, it has been repeatedly shown that fixtures welded on the outer wall of the container cause leakage of the container contents when they are sheared or torn off the container during an accident. To provide protection against fire and explosion, and also for health and environmental protection, leaks caused in this way must be reduced to an absolute minimum.
Attempts have already been made to protect the fixtures in the top of the container by the provision of protective frames, covers or swellings extending in longitudinal direction. These protective means often con-siderably increase the dead-weight of the container and also increase, not insubstantially, expenses caused by the additional work involved. Also, the provision of protective frames fixed to the wall of the container means increased danger in an accident; because of the increased stress concentra-tion and contraction sLralns, cracking of the contai~er wall ma~ occur~
In order to avoid these ~osses in the structural helght and the dangers in case of an accldent, fixtures were bui~t i~to the contalner wall horizontally.
The oval cut-outs in the container wall, needed for this purpose, are however, undesirable in view of the p~essures acting on the container. In addition many calculation codes require also additional reinforcing collars, which result in additional expenses on material and welding.
; ~t may be stated in &eneral that when plpe sectlons of clrcular, elllptical or oval cross-sectlons are lnserted lnto the contalnsr wall, edge stresses are transmitted to them, whlch would otherwlse be contalned by the Portlon cut out from the cylindrlcal shell.
Also open troughs 2 partly composed of semltubular shells are partly of sheet metal bottom and side wails, have been welded lnto the container. It is also known to bulld ln sump unlts wlthout outlet. Edge stresses cannot be contalned by these shells without the danger of bulging.
The ob~ect of the present lnventlon is therefore, with the maxlmis~t~on of the dlameter, cross-sectlonal area and volume of the contalner, a helght-savlng arrangement of the connectlon elements for emptying and filling the container and of various further fixtures, in which the stresses and the deteri--oration of structures of thc container and the welds are held as low as posslble.Thls ls achleved according to the invention by a transport container comprising:
a large diameter cylindrical shell for holding material to be transported, said shell being formed by a cylindrical shell wall, at least one pipe member rigidly connected ta the cylindrical shell wall, and connecLion means for fixtures such as material inlet and outlet means, relie pressure valve means, and the like, wherein the connection means are carried by at least one pipe member, and wherein the or each pipe me~ber has a wall disposed longitudinally with respect to said cylindrical shell wall with an upper or lower portion , - 3 ~
....
~1~2~3 tbereo~ being w~thin sa~id s,h~e~ and Rnobhç~ po~ n bein~
outside of sa~d shell~ w~h~rqby ~r~sses in ~4e ~e~i~n o~ said rigid connection are reduced.
- 3a -~4Z~63 By the use of pipe bodies for the mounting of the riser and for the fixing of the ~ixtures, there remain~ in contrast to the use of troughs open at one side, bridæe regions to the inside of the container. Stresses and worsening of the structure of the steel in the region of the welds is therefore reduced and with it also the danger of bulging out of the con-tainer in the region of the welds. This leads, in addition, to the reduction of expenses on material and to a large extent also expenses for welding.
Also, the following advantages are obtained according to the invention: the bottom discharge and the sump for the riser are united in one place; the compression strength of the container cross-section is largely uninfluenced;
; an additional welded-in holder for the riser is not needed because the riser is guided in the discharge spout; openings in the bottom of the container leading out have the smallest possible diameter; the cleaning of the open discharge spout does not presen-t any difficulties and the capacity Or the sump basin is very small.
The pipe according to the invention for the arrangement of the connections of the fixtures has a much smaller radius than the cylindrical container. Due to this the pipe inserted into the container wall forms a vaulted dome-shaped elevation relative to the rest of the container wall.
In view of the smaller radius of curvature of the pipe the wall thickness ratio for the provision of fixtures and pipe spouts is more advantageous when compared with the wall of the container.
The danger of cracking in the area of the inserted pipe is reduced and also stress concentrations in the container are reduced. It is also
The invention relates to a transport container made from cylin-drical shells for combined handling of liquids, gases or loose material, adapted for emptying under pressure or by gravity, and/or having connections for fixtures.
~ ccording to the dangerous character o~ the load, liquid transport containers are emptied either by pressure higher than the atmospheric pres-sure through a riser built in the top of the container, or by gravity through a discharge valve built in the bottom of the container. In order to ensure emptying which is as complete as possible, in both cases a depression (sump) must be formed in the bottom of the container where the remaining liquid can accumulate.
Various embodiments of the sump are known. These include sump basins. These cause however, due to necessary heat treatment, structural changes in the material of the container, which is made mostly from alloyed steel7 and weakening of the wall thickness by the straining o~ the sheet metal.
In order to avoid this disadvantage block flanges are welded into a corresponding recess in the bottom of the container. These require large cross-sections and considerable differences in thickness between the material of the ~lange and the container wall cause corresponding transition stresses.
U-shaped troughs or semi-tubular shells welded into the bottom, which may extend either longitudinally or transversely, require a consider-able amount o~ welding and large holes in the wall with corresponding loss of material. In addition they have a disadvantageous shape as regards pressure stresses caused in use.
In all cases there are also needed additional guides for the riser fixed in the top of the container, in order to retain the riser in the .
, Z~;i3 prescribed position ending in the sump and protect it against vibration.
In order to meet all the requirements, particularly when the load varies, and to ensure complete emptying of the sump, which is inaccessible, particularly for cleaning, it is recommended to make the sump as a discharge spout closed by a bottom valve. In that case either the riser may be used for emptying under pressure or the bottom valve may be used for emptying by gravity. Even this arrangement suffers from the disadvantages mentioned earlier.
Also, further ~ixtures must be provided in the transport container in addition to the mentioned riser for the emptying of the container. These include, in addition to a manhole, e.g. relief pressure valves, fuses, bursting discs and also connections for pressurised air and inert gas.
These fixtures are usually arranged at the top of the container.
Due to the structural height of these elements required by their ~unction, a part of the structural height of the container, which is valuable for obtaining optimum loading space, is lost as a rule.
In addition, it has been repeatedly shown that fixtures welded on the outer wall of the container cause leakage of the container contents when they are sheared or torn off the container during an accident. To provide protection against fire and explosion, and also for health and environmental protection, leaks caused in this way must be reduced to an absolute minimum.
Attempts have already been made to protect the fixtures in the top of the container by the provision of protective frames, covers or swellings extending in longitudinal direction. These protective means often con-siderably increase the dead-weight of the container and also increase, not insubstantially, expenses caused by the additional work involved. Also, the provision of protective frames fixed to the wall of the container means increased danger in an accident; because of the increased stress concentra-tion and contraction sLralns, cracking of the contai~er wall ma~ occur~
In order to avoid these ~osses in the structural helght and the dangers in case of an accldent, fixtures were bui~t i~to the contalner wall horizontally.
The oval cut-outs in the container wall, needed for this purpose, are however, undesirable in view of the p~essures acting on the container. In addition many calculation codes require also additional reinforcing collars, which result in additional expenses on material and welding.
; ~t may be stated in &eneral that when plpe sectlons of clrcular, elllptical or oval cross-sectlons are lnserted lnto the contalnsr wall, edge stresses are transmitted to them, whlch would otherwlse be contalned by the Portlon cut out from the cylindrlcal shell.
Also open troughs 2 partly composed of semltubular shells are partly of sheet metal bottom and side wails, have been welded lnto the container. It is also known to bulld ln sump unlts wlthout outlet. Edge stresses cannot be contalned by these shells without the danger of bulging.
The ob~ect of the present lnventlon is therefore, with the maxlmis~t~on of the dlameter, cross-sectlonal area and volume of the contalner, a helght-savlng arrangement of the connectlon elements for emptying and filling the container and of various further fixtures, in which the stresses and the deteri--oration of structures of thc container and the welds are held as low as posslble.Thls ls achleved according to the invention by a transport container comprising:
a large diameter cylindrical shell for holding material to be transported, said shell being formed by a cylindrical shell wall, at least one pipe member rigidly connected ta the cylindrical shell wall, and connecLion means for fixtures such as material inlet and outlet means, relie pressure valve means, and the like, wherein the connection means are carried by at least one pipe member, and wherein the or each pipe me~ber has a wall disposed longitudinally with respect to said cylindrical shell wall with an upper or lower portion , - 3 ~
....
~1~2~3 tbereo~ being w~thin sa~id s,h~e~ and Rnobhç~ po~ n bein~
outside of sa~d shell~ w~h~rqby ~r~sses in ~4e ~e~i~n o~ said rigid connection are reduced.
- 3a -~4Z~63 By the use of pipe bodies for the mounting of the riser and for the fixing of the ~ixtures, there remain~ in contrast to the use of troughs open at one side, bridæe regions to the inside of the container. Stresses and worsening of the structure of the steel in the region of the welds is therefore reduced and with it also the danger of bulging out of the con-tainer in the region of the welds. This leads, in addition, to the reduction of expenses on material and to a large extent also expenses for welding.
Also, the following advantages are obtained according to the invention: the bottom discharge and the sump for the riser are united in one place; the compression strength of the container cross-section is largely uninfluenced;
; an additional welded-in holder for the riser is not needed because the riser is guided in the discharge spout; openings in the bottom of the container leading out have the smallest possible diameter; the cleaning of the open discharge spout does not presen-t any difficulties and the capacity Or the sump basin is very small.
The pipe according to the invention for the arrangement of the connections of the fixtures has a much smaller radius than the cylindrical container. Due to this the pipe inserted into the container wall forms a vaulted dome-shaped elevation relative to the rest of the container wall.
In view of the smaller radius of curvature of the pipe the wall thickness ratio for the provision of fixtures and pipe spouts is more advantageous when compared with the wall of the container.
The danger of cracking in the area of the inserted pipe is reduced and also stress concentrations in the container are reduced. It is also
2~3 possible to weld connections and spouts from both sides to the pipe before it is mounted in position, while avoiding welding in constrained positions on the container. In other words, by the use of the pipe according to the inven-tion the fixtures at the top may be mounted in a manner which is simpler as regards welding technology, more reliable as regards fatigue and requires less work compared with the present state of art.
It is important to stress that, in addition to the mentioned advantages, the desired maximisation of the container capacity is achieved according to the invention.
~he invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which:
;~ Figure 1 is a section through a first embodiment of a discharge spout;
Figure 2 is a ].ongitudinal section through a second embodiment;
Figure 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III in Figure 2;
Figures 4 to 6 show diagrammatically various possible phases of the flange embodiment;
Figure 7 ~hows a transport container made from cylindri.cal shells and held in a frame;
Figure 8 is a cross-section through a pipe according to the inven-tion wi~h a connection spout, Figure ~ is a cross~secti.on through a further embodiment of a pipe according to the invention;
Figures 10 and lOa are longitidinal sections through a part of an upper end section of the transport container; and ~ - -~ ~Z~3 Figure 11 is a longitudinal section through parts of a transport container including combination of the inventive features.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 a horiæontally extending pipe
It is important to stress that, in addition to the mentioned advantages, the desired maximisation of the container capacity is achieved according to the invention.
~he invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which:
;~ Figure 1 is a section through a first embodiment of a discharge spout;
Figure 2 is a ].ongitudinal section through a second embodiment;
Figure 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III in Figure 2;
Figures 4 to 6 show diagrammatically various possible phases of the flange embodiment;
Figure 7 ~hows a transport container made from cylindri.cal shells and held in a frame;
Figure 8 is a cross-section through a pipe according to the inven-tion wi~h a connection spout, Figure ~ is a cross~secti.on through a further embodiment of a pipe according to the invention;
Figures 10 and lOa are longitidinal sections through a part of an upper end section of the transport container; and ~ - -~ ~Z~3 Figure 11 is a longitudinal section through parts of a transport container including combination of the inventive features.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 a horiæontally extending pipe
3 is welded into the bottom 2 of a container 1 for liquids, parallel to the transverse or longitudinal axis of the container 1, in such a way that the bottom of the pipe 3 is lower than the bottom 2 of the container 1. The wall thickness of the pipe 3 is so chosen that the wall can reliably withstand any generated pressures and additional stresses caused in the relevant region by the deviation of the container wall from the membrane form. A transition, which satisfies flow and pressure requirements from the container bottom 2 to the adjacent en~ of the pipe 3 is obtained by a segment 1~ of a spherical shell.
The top of the said pipe 3 is provided with an opening 5 for receiving a riser 6, the opening 5 being consequently situated vertically or obliquely below the fixtures (not illustrated) for the mounting of the riser 6 in the top of the container, so that the riser 6 may be inserted into the opening by sliding-in without special retaining fixtures.
The discharge spout 3 ends at its outlet end in a flange, which is situated on or outside the wall of the container 1 and which may be a ~lat flange or a welding neck flange 7, and which serves for the connection of a discharge valve 27 of any suitable design.
In the embodiment according to Figures 2 and 3 the pipe 8, which serves as a discharge spout, is oval with a compressed cross-section. The transition between the bottom 2 of the container 1 and the discharge spout 8 is in the illustrated embodiment formed by an extension 9 of the obliquely cut pipe end which is bent in the shape of a tongue, rather than by a segment of a spherical shell. In order to make insertion of the riser 6 easier, L~2~
the opening 5 is, on the top of the outlet pipe 8, surrounded by a flared collar 10.
The connection flange 11 for the discharge conduit is in the illustrated embodiment situated in an oblique transition area between the bottom 2 and the sidewall 12 of the container. Consequently, when viewed in horiæontal direction, the circular flange 11 has an elliptic appearance.
The discharge spout 8 is so shaped that its obliquely cut end defines an ellipse, which sits on the flange 11. ~ext to this end the spout 8 is at its top provided with a wide recess 13 which facilitates the entry and out~
flow of the liquid and so contributes to full emptying of the container.
Inwardly opening spring-con-trolled valve 14 may be fitted in the closing flange 11. Various pipes, provided with a discharge valve each, may be mounted on the connection flange 11, for instance, as illustrated, a transverse pipe 15 for lateral emptying. It is, however, also possible to close firmly the closing flange 11 if emptying through the bottom is not required. In this way a single flange may be used in various ways according to the customer's requirements.
So for instance in one phase 1 according to Figure 4, the flange -; 11 may be only partly hollowed out and consequently be fully closed. In 20 phase 2 according to Figure 2 a hole 16 is made in the closing flange 11 ~' which may be opened by means of the valve lli.
If later, in phase 3 according to Figure 5, the hole 16 is to be again permanently closed, this may be simply achieved by welding in it a closing disc 17. Ir finally, in phase 4 according to Figure 6, the hole 16 should serve only for cleaning or checking, it may be closed by a cover 18 connected to the flange 11 by screws or boltsg sealing 19 being interposed between the flange 11 and the cover lô.
The pipe portions remaining on both sides of the opening 5 for the 2~3 riser 6, and which act as a tunnel~ contain the additional tensions caused by the deviation of the container walls from the membrane form, while sudden changes of cross-section are avoided~ In view of the two-sided containing of the longitudinal end edge stresses bulging of the cylindrical walls of the container is reliably avoided.
Forces which are caused by the inner pressure and which act trans-- versely to the discharge spout 3, are received by the oval cross-section of the pipe 8 according to the second embodiment better at otherwise the same trough depth, or at the same pipe width the depth is smaller. The oval lo shape allows further substantial shortening of the pipe cut-out on the top of the spout; in spite of this the pipe end, adapted to the projection Or the inwardly situated valve 14, is attached along the whole circumference to the block ~lange ll.
In the closed embodiment according to Figure l the upper pipe por-tion can otherwise be additionally used as an inner support for such a spring controlled valve.
Figure 7 shows a cylindrical transport container la for liquid for gaseous media or for loose material which is, in a manner known per se, supported in a frame 2a situated at the ends of the container. The cylin-drical shells 3a are reinforced by reinforcing rings 4a to resist increasedpressure from outside. In the top region o~ the transport container la is situated a manhole ring 6a covered by a disc cover 5a. This manhole ring 6a is very compact and capable of withstanding shear~o~f forces and is situated9 in the direction of transport, in front of the pipe 8a according to the invention, which is so mounted at the top in the wall of the container parallel to its longitudinal axis that the upper area of its wall pro~ects in the manner of a dome, abo~e the uall of the container. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7 the pipe 8a is closed at its both ends by segments 9a of a _ ~ _ 2~3~i3 spherical shell. Pipe spouts lOa are situated spaced apart in horizontaL or obliquely upwardly extending direction, and on these spouts are mounted various fixtures or dum~y flanges lla. A protective frame is formed by con-; nection members 12a which extend from the outer outlines of the manhole to the frames at the enas of the container. In the illustrated embodiment of the liquid container, both spouts extend to one side. If a blow-off of the liquid is envisaged it is sufficient to provide on this side a removable collector 13a provided with a discharge channel 14a. The protective frame me~tioned earlier may be adapted to serve as a cover 7a preventing stealing or serving as a customs seal. Preferably also a working platfrom and a lad-der (not illustratedj may be incorporated into the protective frame.
Figure a shows the pipe 8a, dished in a dome-shaped manner accord-ing to Figure 7 in cross~section. The pipe waLl and the container wall are at 15a connected by e.g. a double fillet weld. The cross-section of the pipe 8a is circuLar. It can, however, be a:Lso elliptic or oval, as shown on the pipe 16a in Figure 9, the maJor axis of the ellipse extending hor-izontally. Figure 10 shows in longitudinal section a pipe 17a which is at one end closed b~ a flange loa, while at the other end, ad~acent the manhole l9a~ it is closed by a section 20a of a spherical shell. The part of the wall of the pipe which is situated inside the container is provided with openings 21a (Figure 10). These openings 21a are in the illustrated embod-iment circular. The wall bridges of the pipe 8a between the openings 21a serve to contain edge stresses caused by pressures inside the container. The wall bridges of the pipe 8a remaining between the openings 21a ser~e also to prevent splashing of the liquid in the container during transport. Due to the arrangement of the pipe according to the invention behind the manhole l9a in the direction of transport is achieved that fixtures attached to the pipe received the best possible protection from damage. According to one _ g _ Z~
embodiment (Figure lOa), the pipe may end at one end on the ring 6a of the manhole l9a, and one end of the pipe 8a may end on a transverse element of the frame.
Figure 11 shows part of a container la which for the best possible utilisation of space inside the container is provided bo~th by height saving arrangement of fixtures on one pipe 8a and also height saving provision of a pipe 3a on the bottom of the container.
It is seen ~rom the drawing that the pipe 8a, dished in a dome-shaped manner and extending over the container top corresponds symmetrically to bottom sump 3.
.
The top of the said pipe 3 is provided with an opening 5 for receiving a riser 6, the opening 5 being consequently situated vertically or obliquely below the fixtures (not illustrated) for the mounting of the riser 6 in the top of the container, so that the riser 6 may be inserted into the opening by sliding-in without special retaining fixtures.
The discharge spout 3 ends at its outlet end in a flange, which is situated on or outside the wall of the container 1 and which may be a ~lat flange or a welding neck flange 7, and which serves for the connection of a discharge valve 27 of any suitable design.
In the embodiment according to Figures 2 and 3 the pipe 8, which serves as a discharge spout, is oval with a compressed cross-section. The transition between the bottom 2 of the container 1 and the discharge spout 8 is in the illustrated embodiment formed by an extension 9 of the obliquely cut pipe end which is bent in the shape of a tongue, rather than by a segment of a spherical shell. In order to make insertion of the riser 6 easier, L~2~
the opening 5 is, on the top of the outlet pipe 8, surrounded by a flared collar 10.
The connection flange 11 for the discharge conduit is in the illustrated embodiment situated in an oblique transition area between the bottom 2 and the sidewall 12 of the container. Consequently, when viewed in horiæontal direction, the circular flange 11 has an elliptic appearance.
The discharge spout 8 is so shaped that its obliquely cut end defines an ellipse, which sits on the flange 11. ~ext to this end the spout 8 is at its top provided with a wide recess 13 which facilitates the entry and out~
flow of the liquid and so contributes to full emptying of the container.
Inwardly opening spring-con-trolled valve 14 may be fitted in the closing flange 11. Various pipes, provided with a discharge valve each, may be mounted on the connection flange 11, for instance, as illustrated, a transverse pipe 15 for lateral emptying. It is, however, also possible to close firmly the closing flange 11 if emptying through the bottom is not required. In this way a single flange may be used in various ways according to the customer's requirements.
So for instance in one phase 1 according to Figure 4, the flange -; 11 may be only partly hollowed out and consequently be fully closed. In 20 phase 2 according to Figure 2 a hole 16 is made in the closing flange 11 ~' which may be opened by means of the valve lli.
If later, in phase 3 according to Figure 5, the hole 16 is to be again permanently closed, this may be simply achieved by welding in it a closing disc 17. Ir finally, in phase 4 according to Figure 6, the hole 16 should serve only for cleaning or checking, it may be closed by a cover 18 connected to the flange 11 by screws or boltsg sealing 19 being interposed between the flange 11 and the cover lô.
The pipe portions remaining on both sides of the opening 5 for the 2~3 riser 6, and which act as a tunnel~ contain the additional tensions caused by the deviation of the container walls from the membrane form, while sudden changes of cross-section are avoided~ In view of the two-sided containing of the longitudinal end edge stresses bulging of the cylindrical walls of the container is reliably avoided.
Forces which are caused by the inner pressure and which act trans-- versely to the discharge spout 3, are received by the oval cross-section of the pipe 8 according to the second embodiment better at otherwise the same trough depth, or at the same pipe width the depth is smaller. The oval lo shape allows further substantial shortening of the pipe cut-out on the top of the spout; in spite of this the pipe end, adapted to the projection Or the inwardly situated valve 14, is attached along the whole circumference to the block ~lange ll.
In the closed embodiment according to Figure l the upper pipe por-tion can otherwise be additionally used as an inner support for such a spring controlled valve.
Figure 7 shows a cylindrical transport container la for liquid for gaseous media or for loose material which is, in a manner known per se, supported in a frame 2a situated at the ends of the container. The cylin-drical shells 3a are reinforced by reinforcing rings 4a to resist increasedpressure from outside. In the top region o~ the transport container la is situated a manhole ring 6a covered by a disc cover 5a. This manhole ring 6a is very compact and capable of withstanding shear~o~f forces and is situated9 in the direction of transport, in front of the pipe 8a according to the invention, which is so mounted at the top in the wall of the container parallel to its longitudinal axis that the upper area of its wall pro~ects in the manner of a dome, abo~e the uall of the container. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7 the pipe 8a is closed at its both ends by segments 9a of a _ ~ _ 2~3~i3 spherical shell. Pipe spouts lOa are situated spaced apart in horizontaL or obliquely upwardly extending direction, and on these spouts are mounted various fixtures or dum~y flanges lla. A protective frame is formed by con-; nection members 12a which extend from the outer outlines of the manhole to the frames at the enas of the container. In the illustrated embodiment of the liquid container, both spouts extend to one side. If a blow-off of the liquid is envisaged it is sufficient to provide on this side a removable collector 13a provided with a discharge channel 14a. The protective frame me~tioned earlier may be adapted to serve as a cover 7a preventing stealing or serving as a customs seal. Preferably also a working platfrom and a lad-der (not illustratedj may be incorporated into the protective frame.
Figure a shows the pipe 8a, dished in a dome-shaped manner accord-ing to Figure 7 in cross~section. The pipe waLl and the container wall are at 15a connected by e.g. a double fillet weld. The cross-section of the pipe 8a is circuLar. It can, however, be a:Lso elliptic or oval, as shown on the pipe 16a in Figure 9, the maJor axis of the ellipse extending hor-izontally. Figure 10 shows in longitudinal section a pipe 17a which is at one end closed b~ a flange loa, while at the other end, ad~acent the manhole l9a~ it is closed by a section 20a of a spherical shell. The part of the wall of the pipe which is situated inside the container is provided with openings 21a (Figure 10). These openings 21a are in the illustrated embod-iment circular. The wall bridges of the pipe 8a between the openings 21a serve to contain edge stresses caused by pressures inside the container. The wall bridges of the pipe 8a remaining between the openings 21a ser~e also to prevent splashing of the liquid in the container during transport. Due to the arrangement of the pipe according to the invention behind the manhole l9a in the direction of transport is achieved that fixtures attached to the pipe received the best possible protection from damage. According to one _ g _ Z~
embodiment (Figure lOa), the pipe may end at one end on the ring 6a of the manhole l9a, and one end of the pipe 8a may end on a transverse element of the frame.
Figure 11 shows part of a container la which for the best possible utilisation of space inside the container is provided bo~th by height saving arrangement of fixtures on one pipe 8a and also height saving provision of a pipe 3a on the bottom of the container.
It is seen ~rom the drawing that the pipe 8a, dished in a dome-shaped manner and extending over the container top corresponds symmetrically to bottom sump 3.
.
Claims (48)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Transport container comprising a large diameter cylindrical shell for holding material to be transported, said shell being formed by a cylindrical shell wall, at least one pipe member rigidly connected to the cylindrical shell wall, and connection means for fixtures such as material inlet and outlet means, relief pressure valve means, and the like, wherein the connection means are carried by the at least one pipe member, and wherein the or each pipe member has a wall disposed longitudinally with respect to said cylindrical shell wall with an upper or lower portion thereof being within said shell wall and another portion being outside of said shell, whereby stresses in the region of said rigid connection are reduced.
2. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein the maximum cross-sectional dimension of each of said at least one pipe members is substantially smaller than the diameter of said cylindrical shell.
3. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein the maximum cross-sectional dimension of each of said at least one pipe members is smaller than one tenth of the diameter of said cylindrical shell.
4, Transport container according to claim 3, wherein each of said pipe members is welded at its outer periphery to the cylindrical shell wall.
5. Transport container according to claim 4, wherein each of said pipe members is disposed with about half of its cross-sectional height disposed outwardly of said cylindrical shell wall.
6. Transport container according to claim 4, wherein the cylindrical shell extends horizontally when in an in-use shipping position, and wherein one of said pipe members is disposed at the bottom of said cylindrical shell and serves as a sump region of said container.
7. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein a riser is provided for emptying the container under pressure, and wherein the lower end of said riser is guided and held in position by said pipe member disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell.
8. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein said pipe member disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell serves as a discharge spout for emptying the container by gravity, said pipe member ending in a connection flange for connecting a discharge valve or the like.
9. Transport container according to claim 7, wherein said pipe member disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell serves as a discharge spout for emptying the container by gravity, said pipe member ending in a connection flange for connecting a discharge valve or the like.
10. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein a second of said pipe members is provided, disposed at the top of said cylindrical shell, said second pipe member having at least one connection opening which is accessible from the outside and which faces other than vertically upward.
11. Transport container according to claim 4, wherein the cylindrical shell extends horizontally when in an in-use shipping position, and wherein one of said pipe members is disposed at the top of said cylindrical shell and has at least one connection opening which is accessible from the outside and which faces other than vertically upward.
12. Transport container according to claim 7, wherein the maximum inside cross-sectional dimension of said pipe member disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell is equal to the maximum outside cross-sectional dimension of said riser.
13. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein said pipe member disposed at the bottom of said cylindrical shell merges into the bottom outer wall of the cylindrical shell by means of a transition element.
14. Transport container according to claim 2, wherein the transition element consists of a segment of a spherical shell.
15. Transport container according to claim 13, wherein said transition element consists of a tongue-shaped wall portion of said pipe member disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell.
16. Transport container according to claim 8, wherein said pipe member disposed at the bottom of said cylindrical shell has an upwardly open recess inside of said cylindrical shell adjacent the connection flange.
17. Transport container according to claim 8, wherein said connection flange is angularly inclined to conform to the surrounding portions of said cylindrical shell wall, and wherein said pipe member disposed at the bottom of said cylindrical shell has an oval pipe section, the flattening of which is adapted to the axial projection of the connection flange.
18. Transport container according to claim 7, wherein a tapered collar is provided for guiding the bottom of the riser into an opening in said pipe member disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell.
19. Transport container according to claim 8, wherein the portion of said pipe member adjacent the connection flange is formed as a support for an inwardly extending discharge valve.
20. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said at least one pipe members has a circular cross-section.
21. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said at least one pipe members has an elliptic or oval cross-section, the major axis of which is horizontal and transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical shell.
22. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein the top of said cylindrical shell includes a manhole assembly surrounded by a closing flange ring, and wherein one of the ends of the pipe member disposed at the top of said cylindrical shell is connected to said manhole assembly.
23. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein each of said pipe members merges into the outer wall of the cylindrical shell by way of a spherical shell part.
24. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein said cylindrical shell is surrounded by at least one reinforcing ring, and wherein at least one of said pipe members ends at one of said reinforcing rings.
25. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein the top of said cylindrical shell has a vertical pipe spout or flange ring of a top connection, and wherein said pipe member at the top of said cylindrical shell ends on the flank of said vertical pipe spout or flange ring.
26. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein the portion of said pipe member disposed above the top of the cylindrical shell carries at least one pipe spout or closing flange for receiving fixtures or conduits, the axis of said at least one pipe spout or closing flange being other than the vertical axis of the container.
27. Transport container according to claim 22, wherein the portion of said pipe member disposed above the top of the cylindrical shell carries at least one pipe spout or closing flange for receiving fixtures or conduits, the axis of said at least one pipe spout or closing flange being other than the vertical axis of the container, and wherein the projection of the pipe spout or closing flange is below the projection of the manhole ring.
28. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein the lower area of the pipe member disposed inside the cylindrical shell has at least two, preferably circular openings separated by bridge parts formed of the remaining pipe wall sections.
29. Transport container according to claim 28, wherein said openings are arranged in the bottom of the top pipe member.
30. Transport container according to claim 22, further comprising protec-tion frame elements for protecting the pipe member and associated connections and fixtures, said protection frame elements extending from the outermost upper and lateral points of the manhole assembly to an end frame or reinforcing ring of the container.
31. Transport container according to claim 1, wherein the material and wall thickness of said pipe member is the same as the material and wall thick-ness of the cylindrical shell.
32. Transport container according to claim 4, wherein a total of two of said pipe members are provided, one pipe member at the top and one pipe member at the bottom of a horizontally extending cylindrical shell.
33. Transport container according to claim 4, wherein said cylindrical shell has an outside diameter of between six feet and eight feet and each of said pipe members has a maximum cross-sectional dimension of between two and five inches.
34. Transport container according to claim 32, wherein said cylindrical shell has an outside diameter of between six feet and nine feet and each of said pipe members has a maximum cross-sectional dimension of between two and five inches.
35. Transport container according to claim 34, further comprising a frame having corner fittings for accommodating stacking and loading of said container, and wherein said cylindrical shell and said pipe members are contained within the vertical projection of said frame.
36. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein said bottom pipe member has between one half and two thirds of its cross-sectional height disposed inside said cylindrical shell.
37. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein said top pipe member has between one half and two thirds of its cross-sectional height disposed above and outside said cylindrical shell.
38. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein said bottom pipe member extends transversely of the axial direction of said cylindrical shell.
39. Transport container according to claim 6, wherein said bottom pipe member extends parallel to the axial direction of said cylindrical shell.
40. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein said top pipe member extends transversely of the axial direction of said cylindrical shell.
41. Transport container according to claim 11, wherein said top pipe member extends parallel to the axial direction of said cylindrical shell.
42. Method of manufacturing a transport container comprising:
forming a cylindrical shell closed at both ends, cutting out a small section of said cylindrical shell to form a slot therein, attaching connection means for fixtures such as material inlet and outlet means and the like to a pipe member which has a maximum cross-sectional dimension smaller than one tenth the diameter of said cylindrical shell, inserting said pipe member in said slot so that it projects both inside and outside said cylindrical shell, and welding the outer wall portions of said pipe member to the cylindrical shell at said slot.
forming a cylindrical shell closed at both ends, cutting out a small section of said cylindrical shell to form a slot therein, attaching connection means for fixtures such as material inlet and outlet means and the like to a pipe member which has a maximum cross-sectional dimension smaller than one tenth the diameter of said cylindrical shell, inserting said pipe member in said slot so that it projects both inside and outside said cylindrical shell, and welding the outer wall portions of said pipe member to the cylindrical shell at said slot.
43. Method according to claim 42, wherein said slot is formed at the bottom of said cylindrical shell and extends in the longitudinal direction of said cylindrical shell, further comprising cutting an opening in said pipe member prior to inserting and welding same so that said opening faces upwardly and said pipe member serves as a sump for the container.
44. Method according to claim 43, further comprising inserting a riser pipe downwardly into said pipe member with said pipe member fixing the bottom position of said riser pipe.
45. Method according to claim 43, wherein said attaching includes welding a discharge valve accommodating flange to one end of said pipe member.
46. Method according to claim 42, further comprising forming a manhole cover supporting flange at the top of said cylindrical shell, attaching at least one circumferentially extending reinforcing ring to said cylindrical shell, wherein said slot is formed at the top of the cylindrical shell and extends between the manhole cover supporting flange and one of said reinforcing rings, and wherein said pipe member is positioned with one end at said manhole cover supporting flange and the other end at said reinforcing ring.
47. Method according to claim 42, wherein said pipe member is disposed at the top of said cylindrical shell when said shell is in an in-use horizontal position, and wherein said inserting and welding includes fixing said top member with between one half and two thirds of its vertical cross-section located above and outside the cylindrical shell wall.
48. Method according to claim 42, wherein said pipe member is disposed at the bottom of said cylindrical shell when said shell is in an in-use horizontal position, and wherein said inserting and welding includes fixing said top pipe member with between one half and two thirds of its vertical cross-section located above and inside the cylindrical shell wall.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP2819955.5-22 | 1978-05-06 | ||
| DE2819955A DE2819955C2 (en) | 1978-05-06 | 1978-05-06 | Pressure-proof transport container for liquids |
| DEG7912528.3 | 1979-04-30 | ||
| DE7912528 | 1979-04-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1142863A true CA1142863A (en) | 1983-03-15 |
Family
ID=25774416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000326999A Expired CA1142863A (en) | 1978-05-06 | 1979-05-04 | Transportcontainer for liquids, gases and loose material |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU528833B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1142863A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD143418A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2424860B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2022057B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ190351A (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1308190A3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104309959A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-28 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Tank container and installation part for downloading valve thereof |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4627629A (en) * | 1984-07-03 | 1986-12-09 | Transport Investment Corp. | Truck trailer adapted to carry fluid and dry freight and method for loading the same |
| DE3637455C2 (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1995-06-29 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Transport container for liquid chemicals |
| US5198398A (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1993-03-30 | American Norit Company, Inc. | Method for regenerating spent activated carbon and portable container for use therein |
| WO1992021591A1 (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1992-12-10 | Instant Terminalling & Ship Conversion, Inc. | Transportable liquid products container |
| US5365980A (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1994-11-22 | Instant Terminalling And Ship Conversion, Inc. | Transportable liquid products container |
| US5911337A (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1999-06-15 | Bedeker; James E. | Vessel for a shipping container |
| DE102005056740A1 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-05-31 | Degussa Gmbh | Method and device for transporting bulk materials |
| CN107237975B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2023-03-28 | 荆门宏图特种飞行器制造有限公司 | Liquefied gas carrier vehicle |
| RU184034U1 (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский центр транспортных технологий" (ООО "ВНИЦТТ") | BOILER FOR TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE OF LIQUID CARGO |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH426618A (en) * | 1965-09-28 | 1966-12-15 | Gempp & Unold Ag | Transport container for liquids and granulates with a support frame |
| DE1937192A1 (en) * | 1969-07-22 | 1971-02-04 | Luther Werke | Tank container |
| FR2143534B1 (en) * | 1971-06-28 | 1975-06-06 | Bvs | |
| DE2202837A1 (en) * | 1972-01-21 | 1973-07-26 | Dortmunder Union Brauerei Ag | Pressurized tank - esp for beer with bottom filling/emptying port |
-
1979
- 1979-05-03 DD DD79212641A patent/DD143418A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-05-03 NZ NZ190351A patent/NZ190351A/en unknown
- 1979-05-04 GB GB7915569A patent/GB2022057B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-04 AU AU46773/79A patent/AU528833B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-05-04 CA CA000326999A patent/CA1142863A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-04 SU SU792764352A patent/SU1308190A3/en active
- 1979-05-07 FR FR7911496A patent/FR2424860B1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104309959A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-28 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Tank container and installation part for downloading valve thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SU1308190A3 (en) | 1987-04-30 |
| NZ190351A (en) | 1983-07-15 |
| GB2022057B (en) | 1982-07-28 |
| DD143418A1 (en) | 1980-08-20 |
| GB2022057A (en) | 1979-12-12 |
| AU528833B2 (en) | 1983-05-12 |
| AU4677379A (en) | 1979-11-08 |
| FR2424860B1 (en) | 1985-12-06 |
| FR2424860A1 (en) | 1979-11-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |