CA1142136A - Column construction for cantilever storage racks - Google Patents
Column construction for cantilever storage racksInfo
- Publication number
- CA1142136A CA1142136A CA000363400A CA363400A CA1142136A CA 1142136 A CA1142136 A CA 1142136A CA 000363400 A CA000363400 A CA 000363400A CA 363400 A CA363400 A CA 363400A CA 1142136 A CA1142136 A CA 1142136A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- column
- flanges
- plates
- channel shaped
- shaped members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
- A47B96/14—Bars, uprights, struts, or like supports, for cabinets, brackets, or the like
- A47B96/1433—Hollow members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
- A47B57/00—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions
- A47B57/30—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions with means for adjusting the height of detachable shelf supports
- A47B57/48—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions with means for adjusting the height of detachable shelf supports consisting of tongues, pins or similar projecting means coacting with openings
- A47B57/50—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions with means for adjusting the height of detachable shelf supports consisting of tongues, pins or similar projecting means coacting with openings characterised by shape or orientation of opening, e.g. keyhole-shaped
- A47B57/52—Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions with means for adjusting the height of detachable shelf supports consisting of tongues, pins or similar projecting means coacting with openings characterised by shape or orientation of opening, e.g. keyhole-shaped the shelf supports being cantilever brackets
Landscapes
- Assembled Shelves (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
COLUMN CONSTRUCTION FOR CANTILEVER STORAGE RACK
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A column construction for cantilever storage racks of the type having U-shaped brackets embracing the column and carrying the load supporting arms. The construction is particularly suited for heavi-er loads and comprises a pair of channel shaped side members of re-latively thin gauge metal and a pair of end members welded to the flanges of the side members, the end members being relatively thick metal plates. This increases the moment of inertia while still re-quiring only a small number of parts and welds.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A column construction for cantilever storage racks of the type having U-shaped brackets embracing the column and carrying the load supporting arms. The construction is particularly suited for heavi-er loads and comprises a pair of channel shaped side members of re-latively thin gauge metal and a pair of end members welded to the flanges of the side members, the end members being relatively thick metal plates. This increases the moment of inertia while still re-quiring only a small number of parts and welds.
Description
114;~136 The invention relates to cantilever storage racks of the type used in industrial environments, and more particularly to cantilever storage racks which use rectangular cross section columns and arms with U-shaped brackets embracing the columns, the arms being adjustable in height by the insertion of pins through apertures in the brackets and columns.
Baker et al U.S. Patent No. 3,212,648, issued October, 1965, shows a cantilever rack for use in industrial environments for storage of relatively heavy material such as bars or tubes. The rack utilizes columns of rectangular cross sectional shape and arms having U-shaped brackets embracing the columns. Pins extend through aligned apertures in the brackets and columns so that the weight of the material on the arms tends to compress and bend the columns.
. ,..¢
~ ~ pc/~9 ` 11(~2~t36 It is sometimes necessary to provide higher load capacity fo~ these racks. One method of doing this is to increase the thickness of the metal utilized to fabricate the column. In the Baker et al patent, ~he Tectangular column is fabricated of two symmetrical sections of generally channel shape, with inturnet flanges secured together by welding. The bends in ~he channels are conventionally formed by presses. These presses are of limited capacity and sometimes not capable of bending metal of heavy gauge.
~foreover, as the rated capacity becomes higher, it is expensiYe to provide the total weight of steel required in such columns.
Heavier ~auge columns of conventional design would require greater witth in a direction parallel to the column webs, in order to accom-modate the press dies. The bending radii at the corners of said heavier gauge parts would also have to be laTger, which means that the apertures for the pins must be placed further back from the column web.
It has been suggested as an alternative construction that four bars of rectangular cross section be inserted in the column immediately inside the webs and in between the inturned flanges.
These stiffening bars however require many welds, some of which are difficult to produce because the location is inaccessible.
BRIEF S~ARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel and improved column construction for cantileYer storage racks of the type described above, which is especially useful for heavy loads and avoids the necessity of making the columns wider or using an excess amount of metal.
Baker et al U.S. Patent No. 3,212,648, issued October, 1965, shows a cantilever rack for use in industrial environments for storage of relatively heavy material such as bars or tubes. The rack utilizes columns of rectangular cross sectional shape and arms having U-shaped brackets embracing the columns. Pins extend through aligned apertures in the brackets and columns so that the weight of the material on the arms tends to compress and bend the columns.
. ,..¢
~ ~ pc/~9 ` 11(~2~t36 It is sometimes necessary to provide higher load capacity fo~ these racks. One method of doing this is to increase the thickness of the metal utilized to fabricate the column. In the Baker et al patent, ~he Tectangular column is fabricated of two symmetrical sections of generally channel shape, with inturnet flanges secured together by welding. The bends in ~he channels are conventionally formed by presses. These presses are of limited capacity and sometimes not capable of bending metal of heavy gauge.
~foreover, as the rated capacity becomes higher, it is expensiYe to provide the total weight of steel required in such columns.
Heavier ~auge columns of conventional design would require greater witth in a direction parallel to the column webs, in order to accom-modate the press dies. The bending radii at the corners of said heavier gauge parts would also have to be laTger, which means that the apertures for the pins must be placed further back from the column web.
It has been suggested as an alternative construction that four bars of rectangular cross section be inserted in the column immediately inside the webs and in between the inturned flanges.
These stiffening bars however require many welds, some of which are difficult to produce because the location is inaccessible.
BRIEF S~ARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel and improved column construction for cantileYer storage racks of the type described above, which is especially useful for heavy loads and avoids the necessity of making the columns wider or using an excess amount of metal.
-2- -.
-- .
i3~;
It is another object to provide a novel and improved column construction of this nature which can be manufactured using bending presses of limited capacity.
It is a further ob]ect to provide an improved cantilever rack column construction having these characteristics, which requires a minimum number of parts and welds, thus reducing labor and manufacturing costs as well as fabrication time.
The present invention provides a cantilever storage rack of the type having arms with U-shaped brackets embracing a rectangular column and connected thereto by pins passing through apertures in the column and brackets. The column structure includes two channel shaped members o~ relatively thin gauge metal, each channel shaped member having a relatively wide web and relatively shallow flanges with rows of apertures in the webs adjacent to flanges for receiving the pins. Plates substahtially thicker than the gauges of the channel shaped members overlap portions of the outsides of the flanges to form the webs of the column. The width of the plates is less than the distance between the outside surfaces of the webs of the channel shaped members to thereby provide recesses defined by the side edges of the plate and the portions of the last mentioned flanges not overlapped by the plates. The portions not overlapped are in excess of the bending radii between the webs and flanges of the U-shaped brackets and permit the flanges ; of the U-shaped brackets to closely embrace the sides of the column, the plates being welded to the flanges.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a cantilever storage rack made according to this invention;
pc/ ~3 ,~,, 3L3~; -.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the cloumn showing its construction, taken along the line 2-2 of Figure l; and - 3a -p C /~t J
.~, .
i 114Zi36 Figure 3 is a sectionalvie~ of a modified form of the column in which the flanges of the channel shaped members have abutting inturned ends.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
,~
The cantilever rack is generally indicated at 11 and comprises a plurality of spaced parallel bases 12 on which are mounted up-standing columns 13. The columns are tapered upwardly and support cantilever arms generally indicated at 14 on the opposite sides thereof. Each column is of rectangular cross sectional shape, having a pair of oppositely facing webs generally indicated at 15 which are relatively narrow, and sides generally indicated at 16 and 17 which are relativ,ely wide. A plurality of pairs of ver-tically spaced apertures 18 are formed in column 13 inside webs 15.
Each cantilever arm 14 is provided with a ~-shaped bracket generally indicated at 19 secured to its inner end. The bracket is adapted to embrace web 15 of column 13 with the flanges 21 of the bracket overlapping the sides 16 and 17 of the column. Each bracket is provided with a pair of aligned apertures 22 which are adapted to receive a pin 23, the pin also passing through aligned apertures 18 in the column to secure the arm thereto. Further par-ticulars of the aperture and pin construction are described in the aforementicned Baker et al patent.
It will be noted that the load on any given arm 14 will tend l3 to bend columnj~about the bending axis indicated in dot dash lines at 24 in Figure 2, this axis being that about which the bending mo-ment of inertia is measured. According to the invention, column 13 is fabricated of a pair of channel shaped side members indicated ll~Z136 at 25 and 26 and a pair of end members or plates indicated gener-ally at 27 and 2~. Each side member 25 and 26 has a relatively wide web 29 and relatively short flanges 31 and 32. The channel shaped members are fabricated of a relatively thin gauge metal, that is, stock which is substantially thinner than the gauge of members 27 and 28. The corners 33 of members 25 and 26 have relatively short radii which may be formed by a conventional bending press.
Members 27 and 28 on the other hand are of relatively thicX
gauge metal and comprise plates of rectangular cross sectional shape. The width of these plates is somewhat less than the distance between the outer surfaces of webs 29. Welds 34 are used to secure the edges of plates 27 and 28 to flanges 31 and 32. These welds leave the outer surfaces of the plates cleaT for the reception of ~rackets 19. ~
It will be noted that only four parts are needed to manufacture column 13, and also that only four welds are required to secure the components together. Parts 16 and 17 may be fabricated using bend-ing presses of limited capacity. When assembled, the major metal section of the column will be a substantial distance from axis 24, thus providing a relatively high moment of inertia for the column section and adding to its strength for a given weight of metal.
Because the gauges of parts 16 and 17 is relatively thin, radîi 33 may be small and apertures 18 may thus be located in their normal position with respect to the webs of a column. The welds used to secure the parts together are all easily accessible and may thus be fabricated with a minimum of effort.
Comparing the cost of manufacturing a column according to the pre~ent invention with that of a conventiona~ly shaped column but with heavier gauge parts, it has been found that the advantages ~1~2136 of the present invention increase for higher load capacities.
The thickness of plates 27 and 28 for example could vary from one-quarter inch to one and one-half inches, and when relatively thick plates are used, the total cost is lower as compared with a heavier gau~e column of conventional design. The depth of the column, that is, the distance between the outer surfaces of the two plates 27 and 28, could of course be varied but will, in any event, be substantially greater than the width of the column be-tween the outer surfaces of webs 29.
Figure 3 shows a modified form of t-he invention which utilizes channel shaped side members similar to those shown in the Baker et ~4 al patent, that is, having abutting inturned ends at the inner ends of the flanges. The column is generally indicated at 101 and com-prises a pair of channel shaped members generally indicated at 102 and 103. Each channel shaped member has a web 104 which is rela-tively wide and a pair of flanges lOS. The flanges have inturned ends 106, and the ends of both members 102 and 103 abut each other.
Welds 107 are placed along the juncture of these inturned ends, these welds being flush with the outer surfaces of webs 105 so as not to interfere with the placement of the outer plates.
The pair of outer plates 108 and 109 are secured to the outer surfaces of flanges 105. As before, the width of these plates is somewhat less than the distance between the outer surfaces of webs 104. The thickness of plates 108 and 109 is substantially greater than that of channel shaped members 102 and 103. Welds 111 are formed along the side edges of plates 108 and 109 to secure these plates to flan~es 105. The welds are so fo~med so not to interfere with the mounting of bracket 112 of the column.
., ~ ile it will be apparent that the preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed are well calculated to fulfill the ob-jects above stated, it will be appreciated that the invention is susceptible to modification, vaTiation and change without depart-in~ from the proper scope or fair meaning of the subjoined claims.
.. . . _ . .
-- .
i3~;
It is another object to provide a novel and improved column construction of this nature which can be manufactured using bending presses of limited capacity.
It is a further ob]ect to provide an improved cantilever rack column construction having these characteristics, which requires a minimum number of parts and welds, thus reducing labor and manufacturing costs as well as fabrication time.
The present invention provides a cantilever storage rack of the type having arms with U-shaped brackets embracing a rectangular column and connected thereto by pins passing through apertures in the column and brackets. The column structure includes two channel shaped members o~ relatively thin gauge metal, each channel shaped member having a relatively wide web and relatively shallow flanges with rows of apertures in the webs adjacent to flanges for receiving the pins. Plates substahtially thicker than the gauges of the channel shaped members overlap portions of the outsides of the flanges to form the webs of the column. The width of the plates is less than the distance between the outside surfaces of the webs of the channel shaped members to thereby provide recesses defined by the side edges of the plate and the portions of the last mentioned flanges not overlapped by the plates. The portions not overlapped are in excess of the bending radii between the webs and flanges of the U-shaped brackets and permit the flanges ; of the U-shaped brackets to closely embrace the sides of the column, the plates being welded to the flanges.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a cantilever storage rack made according to this invention;
pc/ ~3 ,~,, 3L3~; -.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the cloumn showing its construction, taken along the line 2-2 of Figure l; and - 3a -p C /~t J
.~, .
i 114Zi36 Figure 3 is a sectionalvie~ of a modified form of the column in which the flanges of the channel shaped members have abutting inturned ends.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
,~
The cantilever rack is generally indicated at 11 and comprises a plurality of spaced parallel bases 12 on which are mounted up-standing columns 13. The columns are tapered upwardly and support cantilever arms generally indicated at 14 on the opposite sides thereof. Each column is of rectangular cross sectional shape, having a pair of oppositely facing webs generally indicated at 15 which are relatively narrow, and sides generally indicated at 16 and 17 which are relativ,ely wide. A plurality of pairs of ver-tically spaced apertures 18 are formed in column 13 inside webs 15.
Each cantilever arm 14 is provided with a ~-shaped bracket generally indicated at 19 secured to its inner end. The bracket is adapted to embrace web 15 of column 13 with the flanges 21 of the bracket overlapping the sides 16 and 17 of the column. Each bracket is provided with a pair of aligned apertures 22 which are adapted to receive a pin 23, the pin also passing through aligned apertures 18 in the column to secure the arm thereto. Further par-ticulars of the aperture and pin construction are described in the aforementicned Baker et al patent.
It will be noted that the load on any given arm 14 will tend l3 to bend columnj~about the bending axis indicated in dot dash lines at 24 in Figure 2, this axis being that about which the bending mo-ment of inertia is measured. According to the invention, column 13 is fabricated of a pair of channel shaped side members indicated ll~Z136 at 25 and 26 and a pair of end members or plates indicated gener-ally at 27 and 2~. Each side member 25 and 26 has a relatively wide web 29 and relatively short flanges 31 and 32. The channel shaped members are fabricated of a relatively thin gauge metal, that is, stock which is substantially thinner than the gauge of members 27 and 28. The corners 33 of members 25 and 26 have relatively short radii which may be formed by a conventional bending press.
Members 27 and 28 on the other hand are of relatively thicX
gauge metal and comprise plates of rectangular cross sectional shape. The width of these plates is somewhat less than the distance between the outer surfaces of webs 29. Welds 34 are used to secure the edges of plates 27 and 28 to flanges 31 and 32. These welds leave the outer surfaces of the plates cleaT for the reception of ~rackets 19. ~
It will be noted that only four parts are needed to manufacture column 13, and also that only four welds are required to secure the components together. Parts 16 and 17 may be fabricated using bend-ing presses of limited capacity. When assembled, the major metal section of the column will be a substantial distance from axis 24, thus providing a relatively high moment of inertia for the column section and adding to its strength for a given weight of metal.
Because the gauges of parts 16 and 17 is relatively thin, radîi 33 may be small and apertures 18 may thus be located in their normal position with respect to the webs of a column. The welds used to secure the parts together are all easily accessible and may thus be fabricated with a minimum of effort.
Comparing the cost of manufacturing a column according to the pre~ent invention with that of a conventiona~ly shaped column but with heavier gauge parts, it has been found that the advantages ~1~2136 of the present invention increase for higher load capacities.
The thickness of plates 27 and 28 for example could vary from one-quarter inch to one and one-half inches, and when relatively thick plates are used, the total cost is lower as compared with a heavier gau~e column of conventional design. The depth of the column, that is, the distance between the outer surfaces of the two plates 27 and 28, could of course be varied but will, in any event, be substantially greater than the width of the column be-tween the outer surfaces of webs 29.
Figure 3 shows a modified form of t-he invention which utilizes channel shaped side members similar to those shown in the Baker et ~4 al patent, that is, having abutting inturned ends at the inner ends of the flanges. The column is generally indicated at 101 and com-prises a pair of channel shaped members generally indicated at 102 and 103. Each channel shaped member has a web 104 which is rela-tively wide and a pair of flanges lOS. The flanges have inturned ends 106, and the ends of both members 102 and 103 abut each other.
Welds 107 are placed along the juncture of these inturned ends, these welds being flush with the outer surfaces of webs 105 so as not to interfere with the placement of the outer plates.
The pair of outer plates 108 and 109 are secured to the outer surfaces of flanges 105. As before, the width of these plates is somewhat less than the distance between the outer surfaces of webs 104. The thickness of plates 108 and 109 is substantially greater than that of channel shaped members 102 and 103. Welds 111 are formed along the side edges of plates 108 and 109 to secure these plates to flan~es 105. The welds are so fo~med so not to interfere with the mounting of bracket 112 of the column.
., ~ ile it will be apparent that the preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed are well calculated to fulfill the ob-jects above stated, it will be appreciated that the invention is susceptible to modification, vaTiation and change without depart-in~ from the proper scope or fair meaning of the subjoined claims.
.. . . _ . .
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In combination with a cantilever storage rack of the type having arms with U-shaped brackets embracing a rectangular column and connected thereto by pins passing through apertures in the column and brackets, an improved column construction comprising two channel shaped members of relatively thin gauge metal, each channel shaped member having a relatively wide web and relatively shallow flanges, rows of apertures in said webs adjacent said flanges for receiving said pins, and plates substantially thicker than the gauges of said channel shaped members overlapping portions of the outsides of said flanges to form the webs of said column, the width of said plates being less than the distance between the outside surfaces of the webs of said channel shaped members to thereby provide recesses defined by the side edges of the plates and the portions of the last mentioned flanges not overlapped by said plates, the said portions not overlapped being in excess of the bending radii between the webs and flanges of the U-shaped brackets and permitting the flanges of the U-shaped brackets to closely embrace the sides of the column, said plates being welded to said flanges.
2. The combination according to claim 1, said flanges of the two channel shaped members facing and being spaced from each other.
3. The combination according to claim 1, said flanges of said channel shaped members having inturned inner ends, the inturned ends of the two channel shaped members abutting each other, and welds along the junctures of said inturned ends.
4. In a cantilever storage rack for industrial use, a base, a column mounted on said base, said column having a pair of oppositely facing webs and sides connecting said webs, said sides having vertically spaced rows of aligned aperatures, a cantilever arm extending from said column, a U-shaped bracket secured to the inner end of said arm and embracing said column, the web of said bracket facing the web of said column, a pin extending through aligned apertures in the flanges of said bracket and the sides of said column, the column being fabricated of a pair of channel shaped members having relatively wide webs forming the sides of said column and relatively narrow flanges extending toward each other, said channel shaped members being of relatively thin gauge metal, a pair of metal plates of relatively thick gauge overlapping portions of the outside surfaces of said flanges of the channel shaped members, the width of said plates being less than the distance between the outside surfaces of the webs of said channel shaped members to thereby provide recesses defined by the side edges of the plates and the portions of the last mentioned flanges not overlapped by said plates, the said portions not overlapped being in excess of the bending radii between the web and flanges of the U-shaped bracket and permitting the flanges of the U-shaped bracket to closely embrace the sides of the column, and welds connecting said plates to said channel shaped members, whereby said plates form the webs of said column.
5. The combination according to claim 4, said flanges of the channel shaped members extending toward but being spaced from each other.
6. The combination according to claim 4, the flanges of said channel shaped members extending toward each other and having inturned ends which abut each other, and welds along the juncture of said inturned ends.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10009379A | 1979-12-04 | 1979-12-04 | |
US100,093 | 1979-12-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1142136A true CA1142136A (en) | 1983-03-01 |
Family
ID=22278066
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000363400A Expired CA1142136A (en) | 1979-12-04 | 1980-10-28 | Column construction for cantilever storage racks |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5691710A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6407080A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8007636A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1142136A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3041908A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2471165A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2064304B (en) |
IL (1) | IL61394A0 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1209168B (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ195503A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA806691B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8628280D0 (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1986-12-31 | Constantine P D | Cantilever racking system |
CN102744721B (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2016-01-13 | 芜湖中山科技有限公司 | A kind of using method of many storage layers bin |
CN103231355A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 江苏中核利柏特股份有限公司 | Pipe placing rack of workshop pipe prefabrication production line |
CN107140314A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-08 | 张轶凡 | Cantilevered bar storage shelf |
USD861347S1 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2019-10-01 | Dsadm, Llc | Handle |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3212648A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | 1965-10-19 | Palmer Shile Co | Cantilever rack |
US3550785A (en) * | 1967-10-12 | 1970-12-29 | Edward A Siez | Free-standing support structure |
JPS5425661Y2 (en) * | 1974-08-20 | 1979-08-27 | ||
JPS521373U (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1977-01-07 |
-
1979
- 1979-12-27 IT IT7928406A patent/IT1209168B/en active
-
1980
- 1980-03-11 GB GB8008183A patent/GB2064304B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-28 CA CA000363400A patent/CA1142136A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-30 ZA ZA00806691A patent/ZA806691B/en unknown
- 1980-11-02 IL IL61394A patent/IL61394A0/en unknown
- 1980-11-04 AU AU64070/80A patent/AU6407080A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-11-06 DE DE19803041908 patent/DE3041908A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-11-10 NZ NZ195503A patent/NZ195503A/en unknown
- 1980-11-24 BR BR8007636A patent/BR8007636A/en unknown
- 1980-12-02 FR FR8025548A patent/FR2471165A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-12-03 JP JP17081180A patent/JPS5691710A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3041908A1 (en) | 1981-06-11 |
IL61394A0 (en) | 1980-12-31 |
IT7928406A0 (en) | 1979-12-27 |
FR2471165A1 (en) | 1981-06-19 |
GB2064304A (en) | 1981-06-17 |
JPS5691710A (en) | 1981-07-24 |
BR8007636A (en) | 1981-06-09 |
ZA806691B (en) | 1982-02-24 |
NZ195503A (en) | 1984-02-03 |
IT1209168B (en) | 1989-07-10 |
AU6407080A (en) | 1981-06-11 |
GB2064304B (en) | 1984-01-11 |
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Legal Events
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