CA1139185A - Turbine installation comprising a turbine installed in a duct - Google Patents
Turbine installation comprising a turbine installed in a ductInfo
- Publication number
- CA1139185A CA1139185A CA000372900A CA372900A CA1139185A CA 1139185 A CA1139185 A CA 1139185A CA 000372900 A CA000372900 A CA 000372900A CA 372900 A CA372900 A CA 372900A CA 1139185 A CA1139185 A CA 1139185A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- runner
- pipelines
- turbine
- chamber
- carrying tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
- F03B13/105—Bulb groups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
- F05B2250/23—Geometry three-dimensional prismatic
- F05B2250/231—Geometry three-dimensional prismatic cylindrical
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A turbine installation comprises flow passage-defining means defining an inlet chamber and a runner chamber and including two juxtaposed interconnecting passages which connect the inlet chamber and the runner chamber and are disposed on opposite sides of an axial center plane and spaced apart in an intermediate part of their length, a turbine runner rotatable mounted in said runner chamber, an electric generator disposed outside the flow passage-defining means, and an output mechanism extending through the space between the two interconnecting passages and operatively connecting the runner to the generator. In order to ensure that those parts of the structure which may require to be serviced will be easily accessible, the interconnecting passages are defined by pipelines, each of which consists of a plurality of straight pipe sections and has a cross-section which is substantially the same as that part of the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its outlet which is disposed on the same side of said center plane as the respective pipeline. The turbine shaft is mounted in a coaxial carrying tube, which extends through both pipelines and protrudes into the space between the pipe-lines.
Description
This inven-tion relates to a -turbine installation comprising flow passage-defining means defining an inlet chamber and a runner chamber and including two juxtaposed pipelines which connect the inlet chamber c~d the ru~ner chamber a~d are disposed on opposite sides of an axial center plane and spaced apart in an in-termedia-te part of their length; a turbine ru~ner rotatably mou~ted in said run~er chamber, an electric generator disposed outside the flow passage-defining means, and an output mechanism extending through the space between -the two pipelines and operatively connecti~g the runner to the generator.
In conventional turbine installa-tions comprising a turbine installed in a duct, the runner and the generator constitu-te a central section, which is enclosed in a housing that is anchored in the duct by means of radial arms and the interior of which can be walked in for assembling and repair work. In these structures, one of the radial arms is hollow and serves as an access shaft. ~hereas that design has proved quite satisfactory in large -turbine installations comprising a turbine installed in a duct, the access to the central section becomes increasingly difficult as the size of the machine is decreased. ~or this reason that design of turbine installations comprlsing a turbine installed in a du.ct is not suitable for medium- and small-size installa-tions.
In another design, which is known from German Patent Specification 912,3207 only the turbine runner is mounted in a center section housing and -the generator is accommodated in a hollow shaft, which extends throu~h the -- I --duc-t and divides it into two flow passages. As the hollow shaft itself occupies a relatively large space, the access to the generator through the hollow shaf-t will also be difficult if the design is -to be adopted ~or medium~size and small turbine ins-tallations comprising a turbine mounted in a duct. If the generator is disposed outside the duct and operatively connected to the turbine runner by bevel gear train~ the generator will be easily accessible but the access to the bevel gear train accommodated in the hollow sha*t will be difficult.
For this reason it is a~ object of the invention -to pro~ide a turbine installation which includes a turbine installed in a duct and which is of the 1~ind described firs-t hereinbefore and so designed that even when it qas a medium or low powcr capacity all parts of the s-truc-ture which may require to be serviced will easily be accessible. Besides, such turbine ins-tallation including a turbine installed in a duct should be capable of utilizing also the head of water mains for a recovery of energy.
This obJect is accomplished according to the invention in that the interconnecting passages are defined by two pipelines, each of which consists of a plurality of s-traight pipe sections and has a cross-section which is substantially the same as that part of the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its ou-tlet which is disposed on the same side of said center plane as the respective pipeline, that the runner is non-rotatably connected to a turbine shaft, which is mounted in a coaxial carrying tube, which extends through and is sealed in both said pipelines in end portions thereof which converge to ~orm
In conventional turbine installa-tions comprising a turbine installed in a duct, the runner and the generator constitu-te a central section, which is enclosed in a housing that is anchored in the duct by means of radial arms and the interior of which can be walked in for assembling and repair work. In these structures, one of the radial arms is hollow and serves as an access shaft. ~hereas that design has proved quite satisfactory in large -turbine installations comprising a turbine installed in a duct, the access to the central section becomes increasingly difficult as the size of the machine is decreased. ~or this reason that design of turbine installations comprlsing a turbine installed in a du.ct is not suitable for medium- and small-size installa-tions.
In another design, which is known from German Patent Specification 912,3207 only the turbine runner is mounted in a center section housing and -the generator is accommodated in a hollow shaft, which extends throu~h the -- I --duc-t and divides it into two flow passages. As the hollow shaft itself occupies a relatively large space, the access to the generator through the hollow shaf-t will also be difficult if the design is -to be adopted ~or medium~size and small turbine ins-tallations comprising a turbine mounted in a duct. If the generator is disposed outside the duct and operatively connected to the turbine runner by bevel gear train~ the generator will be easily accessible but the access to the bevel gear train accommodated in the hollow sha*t will be difficult.
For this reason it is a~ object of the invention -to pro~ide a turbine installation which includes a turbine installed in a duct and which is of the 1~ind described firs-t hereinbefore and so designed that even when it qas a medium or low powcr capacity all parts of the s-truc-ture which may require to be serviced will easily be accessible. Besides, such turbine ins-tallation including a turbine installed in a duct should be capable of utilizing also the head of water mains for a recovery of energy.
This obJect is accomplished according to the invention in that the interconnecting passages are defined by two pipelines, each of which consists of a plurality of s-traight pipe sections and has a cross-section which is substantially the same as that part of the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its ou-tlet which is disposed on the same side of said center plane as the respective pipeline, that the runner is non-rotatably connected to a turbine shaft, which is mounted in a coaxial carrying tube, which extends through and is sealed in both said pipelines in end portions thereof which converge to ~orm
- 2 -y~
a junction near said runner chamber, and that said carrying tube protrudes into the space be-tween said pipelines.
Because the driving water is fed to the runner chamber in two spaced apart pipelines~ each of which consists of a plurality o~ straight pipe sections, the two pipelines define between them a space which is easily accessible and in which the drive meaLns for controlling the turbine can be accommodated and through which the outpu-t mechanism connected to the turbine may extend.
Even though that space is relatively small, it is easily accessible because -there is no hollow shaf-t that extends through th e*low passage but the driving water is fed to the turbine runner in two pipelines, each of which consis-ts of a plurality of pipe sections. ~he total cross section o~
these two pipelines is substantially the s~me as the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its outlet so that the conditions of flow are not greatly altered by the fact that the flow passage is divided into -two pipelines, particularly because only a small di~ersion of flow is required by the division into two pipelines.
The space between the two pipelines need not be large because it is easily accessible.
~ he two pipelines can easily be manufactured because they are composed each of a plurality of straight pipe sections so that the generatrices consist of straight lines. The pipelines can be connected to the inlet chamber without need for complicated and expensive junction fittings.
This is due to the fact that the cross~section of each pipe section is substantially the same as that part of the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its outlet which is left free by the respective other pipeline so that the total cross-section of the two pipelines is substan-tially -the same as the cross-sec-tion of the inlet chamber at its outlet~ As the inlet ch~lber is generally defined by a pipe which is circular in cross-section so that its cross-section at its outlet will also be circular, the pipelines will be semicircular in cross-section. In that case, the pipe sections for the two pipelines can be made in that circular-section pipes are bisected along axial planes.
Because the total cross-section remains the same adjacent to the two pipelines and the flow is only slightl~
diverted, such design can be used also for installations having high inlet velocities and operating under high prcssures so that such turbine installations comprising a turbine installed in a duc-t can be used also where the heads are large. ~esides, the installation can easily be installed in existing pipelines because it will be suffi-cient to replace part of that pipeline by the flow passage-defining means of the turbine installation.
Particularl~ simple conditions are ~nsured by the pro~ision of the tube which carries the turbine shaft because that carrying tube reduces the cross-section of flow for the driving water so -that the latter is accelerated in the desired manner before entering the runner chamber~
'~he carrying tube acts to stiffen the confronting planar walls of the two pipelines in the region in which the driving water is accelerated. ~urther downstrea~9 the carrying tube tends to reduce the turbulence of the water flowing to the runner wheel. Although the carrying
a junction near said runner chamber, and that said carrying tube protrudes into the space be-tween said pipelines.
Because the driving water is fed to the runner chamber in two spaced apart pipelines~ each of which consists of a plurality o~ straight pipe sections, the two pipelines define between them a space which is easily accessible and in which the drive meaLns for controlling the turbine can be accommodated and through which the outpu-t mechanism connected to the turbine may extend.
Even though that space is relatively small, it is easily accessible because -there is no hollow shaf-t that extends through th e*low passage but the driving water is fed to the turbine runner in two pipelines, each of which consis-ts of a plurality of pipe sections. ~he total cross section o~
these two pipelines is substantially the s~me as the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its outlet so that the conditions of flow are not greatly altered by the fact that the flow passage is divided into -two pipelines, particularly because only a small di~ersion of flow is required by the division into two pipelines.
The space between the two pipelines need not be large because it is easily accessible.
~ he two pipelines can easily be manufactured because they are composed each of a plurality of straight pipe sections so that the generatrices consist of straight lines. The pipelines can be connected to the inlet chamber without need for complicated and expensive junction fittings.
This is due to the fact that the cross~section of each pipe section is substantially the same as that part of the cross-section of the inlet chamber at its outlet which is left free by the respective other pipeline so that the total cross-section of the two pipelines is substan-tially -the same as the cross-sec-tion of the inlet chamber at its outlet~ As the inlet ch~lber is generally defined by a pipe which is circular in cross-section so that its cross-section at its outlet will also be circular, the pipelines will be semicircular in cross-section. In that case, the pipe sections for the two pipelines can be made in that circular-section pipes are bisected along axial planes.
Because the total cross-section remains the same adjacent to the two pipelines and the flow is only slightl~
diverted, such design can be used also for installations having high inlet velocities and operating under high prcssures so that such turbine installations comprising a turbine installed in a duc-t can be used also where the heads are large. ~esides, the installation can easily be installed in existing pipelines because it will be suffi-cient to replace part of that pipeline by the flow passage-defining means of the turbine installation.
Particularl~ simple conditions are ~nsured by the pro~ision of the tube which carries the turbine shaft because that carrying tube reduces the cross-section of flow for the driving water so -that the latter is accelerated in the desired manner before entering the runner chamber~
'~he carrying tube acts to stiffen the confronting planar walls of the two pipelines in the region in which the driving water is accelerated. ~urther downstrea~9 the carrying tube tends to reduce the turbulence of the water flowing to the runner wheel. Although the carrying
3~
tube is s-traight, -favorable conditions of flow can be ensured bec~use the carrying tube does not terminate in the interior o~ the flow passage-defining means and ~or this reason need not be streamlined. Besides, the carrying tube, which extends thro~h the flow pass~ges de$ined by the con~erging end portions o~ the two pipelines near the ru~ner chamber, permits the provision o~ a simple mech~nism which operatively connects the generator and the runner because the turbine shaft which extends out of the carrying tube into the space between the pipelines is freely accessible. A bevel gear train may be arranged in the space between the pipelines and ma~ be used to establis.h an opera-tive connection to the generator, which ma~ ~)e supported by the two pipelines. The bevel gear train may be replaced by a belt drive9 which connects -the turbine shaft to the generator shaft.
If the diameter o* the carrying tube is as large as the largest distance betwee~ the two pipelines, this will permit a particularly advantageous utilization of space, on the one hand~ and the provision of a parti-cularly stiff struc-ture, on -the other hand.
To ensure that all parts of the structura which may require to be serviced will be readily accessible, the interior oX the carr~ing tube communicates with the interior of the $low passage-defining means so that the required seal against the driving water is e$fected at the point where the turbine shaft emerges $rom -that end of the carrying tube which protrudes into the space between the pipelines. ~hat seal is ef~ected in the usual manner by a stuffing box, which in that arrangement is accessible ~rom the space between the two pipelines. Because the carrying tube is filled with driving water, the driving water ca~lot be contaminated from the carrying tube. This fact is of essential significance for turbine ins-talla-tions installed in drinking wa-ter mains. Any leakage wa-ter cc~ enter the space between the two pipelines only through the stuf-fing box but this is no problemq I~ the interior of the flow passage-defining means communicates wi-th the interior of the carrying tube~ a contamina-tion of -the driving water by the mea~s by which the turbine shaft is supported in the carrying tube must be prevented. If the turbine shaft is suppor-ted in the carrying tube by a water-lubricated rubber bearing~ a contamination b~y lubricating oil will be preven-ted.
Besidesg the water which fills the carrying tube will then act as an emergency lubricant if the separate supply o~ water to the rubber bearing should fail.
~ hree embodiments of the invention are shown by way of e~ample in simplified views on the accompanying drawing~ in which ~igure 1 is a perspective view showing the flow passage-defining means of a turbine installation embodying the invention and comprising a turbine installed in a duct;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional ~iew showing a turbine installation comprising a turbine ins-talled in a duct;
~igure 3 is a sectional view taken on line III-III
in Fig1lre 2;
Figure 4 is a side elevation showing a modified -turbine installation embodying the invention, ~ igure 5 is a sectional view taken on line V-V in Figure 4; and Figure 6 is a longi.tudinal sectional view showing another modified turbine installation embodying the invention.
~ s is particularly apparent from Figure 17 the flow passage-defining means l of a turbine installation according to the invention dafine an inlet chamber 2 and comprise two pipelines 4, which eætend from the inlet chamber 2 and are disposed on opposite sides of ~l axial cen-ter plane and define between them a free space 3~ T:he pipelines 4 converge to form a junction at a r~mer feed pipe 5~ which leads to a runner chamber 6. ~he latter is succeeded by a diffuser 7. The runner feed pipa 5 has at its inlet end a circular cross section, which is substan--tially the same as the cross-section of -the inlet chamber 2 at its outlet~ The inlet chamber is defined by a pipe Because each of the pipelines 4 is composed of straight 20 pipe sections which are semicircular in cross-~section and their to-tal cross-section is substantially the same as the cross-section of the inlet chamber 2 a-t its inlet and the ^ross-section of the runner feed pipe 5 at its inlet? the two pipelines 4 can easily be connected to the outlet opening of the inlet chamber 2 and to the inlet opening of the runner feed pipe 5. The pipelines 4 are virtually the result of a bisecting of the inlet chamber.
~he turbine runner 8 is mounted in an upstream carrying tube 9, which extends through and is sealed in j63~
pipelines 4 in end portions thereof which converge to a junction at the runner feed pipe 5. The carr~ying tube protrudes into -the space 3 between the two pipelines 4.
In order to show clearly how -the carrying tube 9 penetrates the confronting pla~ar inner walls 10 of the pipelines 4, a part ~1 of the ou-ter wall of one pipeline 4 and of the runner feed pipe 5 is shown in a detached position in Figure 1.
Owing to this design of the flow passage-defining means 19 the pipelines 4 define between them the space 3, which is freely accessible and in which all parts of the structure which may re~uire to be serviced can be accommo dated. This will hardly restrict the design o~ the mechanism by which the runner 8 is operatively connected to a generator because -the carrying tube 9 and the turbine shaft protrude into that free space 3. Although the output mechanism connected to the turbine and the control mechanisms for controlling the turbine can be accommodated in the free space between the two pipelines 4 so that said mechanisms can easily be serviced, there will be favorable conditions of flow so that such turbine installations can be used also where relatively high inlet velocities and high pressures will be encountered. Because the diversion of flow is small and the cross-sections of flow remain substantially constant as far as to the carrying tube, it may be expected that the conditions will remain sub-stantially constant in a major part of the length of the two pipelines 4. Only adjacent to the junction of the two pipelines 4 before the runner feed pipe 5 is the cross-section of flow decreased by the carrying tube 9; this will result in a desired acceleration of thedriving ~waterbefore it enters the rlmner chamber 6.
It is apparent from Figure 2 that the -turbine shaft 12 carrying the runner 8 is mol~ted in the carrying tube 9 near the r~u~ler in a water lubricated rubber bearing ~3, which is not shown in detail~ The interior o~ the carrying tube is sealed agains-t the driving wa-ter by a stuffing box 149 which constitutes a labyri.nth seal and is disposed at that end of the carrying -tube that is remo-te from the runner 8~ As a result~ the carrying tube 9 is filled wi-th the driving water and the stuffing box 14 is accessible from the space 3 between the two pipelines. ~or this reason the stuf~ing box 14 can be serviced ~ven d~r:Lng operation. ~he mechanism by which the runner 8 is operative-ly connected to an electric generator 15 comprises the turbine shaf`t 12 and a rigid coupling 16 connecting the turbine shaft 12 to a bevel gear -train 17. ~he outpu-t shaft of that bevel gear train is connected b~ a flexible coupling 18 to the shaft l9 of the generator 15. The latter is carried by a bracket 20, which spans the free space 3 between the pipelines 4 and is supported by the pipelines 4.
The bevel gear traîn 17 may be mounted on crossbeams 21 which co~nect the pipelines 4 and hold the pipelines 4 spaced apart~ Control motors for controlling the turbine may be accommodated in the space 3 between the two pipe-lines 40 One of such control mo-tors is indicated at 22.
It is apparent ~rom Figure 2 that the turbine shaft 12 is supported near its one end by the vvater-lubricated rubber bearing 13 and near its other end by the bevel gear train 17~
_ g _ In accordance with Figures 2 ~nd 3 the center plane between the two pipelines 4 is verbically oriented so that the generator sha-ft 19 is vertical too. ~he invention is not restricted to flow passage-de~ining means having that orientation, as is apparent from Figures 4 ~d 5, which illustrate an embodiment in ~hich -the center plane disposed between the two pip ~ines 4 and containing the axis of the generator shaf-t 1g is horizontal. ~he electric generator 15 can be additionally supported by a foundation 23. Lf the foundation 23 is provided, the bracket 20 may be omitted~
From Figure 6 it is apparent that the turbine shaf-t 12 need no-t be connected to a bevel gear train~ ~he shaft 19 of the generator is parallel to the turbine shaft 12 and is connected to the latter by a belt drive 24.
~`igure 6 shows also that -the flow passage-defining means l may be inclined. In other respects the -turbine installation shown in Figure 6 also embodies the concept that -the flow passage-defining means 1 comprise two separate pipelines, each of which consists of a plurality of straight pipe sections for easy manufacture. As a result, there is a freely accessible space between the two pipelines so that all parts of the structure which may require to be serviced will be freely accessible, substantially irrespective of the size of the turbine installation.
For this reason the design which has been described is particularly suitable for turbine installations of small and medium size.
~ he desig~ proposed by the invention for the means defining a flow passage for the driving water will not impose restrictions as regards the design of -the -- 10 _ a~s turbine so tha-t turbines having adjustable ru~ner blades, adjustable guide vanes or adjustable runner blades and guide vanes may be used.
tube is s-traight, -favorable conditions of flow can be ensured bec~use the carrying tube does not terminate in the interior o~ the flow passage-defining means and ~or this reason need not be streamlined. Besides, the carrying tube, which extends thro~h the flow pass~ges de$ined by the con~erging end portions o~ the two pipelines near the ru~ner chamber, permits the provision o~ a simple mech~nism which operatively connects the generator and the runner because the turbine shaft which extends out of the carrying tube into the space between the pipelines is freely accessible. A bevel gear train may be arranged in the space between the pipelines and ma~ be used to establis.h an opera-tive connection to the generator, which ma~ ~)e supported by the two pipelines. The bevel gear train may be replaced by a belt drive9 which connects -the turbine shaft to the generator shaft.
If the diameter o* the carrying tube is as large as the largest distance betwee~ the two pipelines, this will permit a particularly advantageous utilization of space, on the one hand~ and the provision of a parti-cularly stiff struc-ture, on -the other hand.
To ensure that all parts of the structura which may require to be serviced will be readily accessible, the interior oX the carr~ing tube communicates with the interior of the $low passage-defining means so that the required seal against the driving water is e$fected at the point where the turbine shaft emerges $rom -that end of the carrying tube which protrudes into the space between the pipelines. ~hat seal is ef~ected in the usual manner by a stuffing box, which in that arrangement is accessible ~rom the space between the two pipelines. Because the carrying tube is filled with driving water, the driving water ca~lot be contaminated from the carrying tube. This fact is of essential significance for turbine ins-talla-tions installed in drinking wa-ter mains. Any leakage wa-ter cc~ enter the space between the two pipelines only through the stuf-fing box but this is no problemq I~ the interior of the flow passage-defining means communicates wi-th the interior of the carrying tube~ a contamina-tion of -the driving water by the mea~s by which the turbine shaft is supported in the carrying tube must be prevented. If the turbine shaft is suppor-ted in the carrying tube by a water-lubricated rubber bearing~ a contamination b~y lubricating oil will be preven-ted.
Besidesg the water which fills the carrying tube will then act as an emergency lubricant if the separate supply o~ water to the rubber bearing should fail.
~ hree embodiments of the invention are shown by way of e~ample in simplified views on the accompanying drawing~ in which ~igure 1 is a perspective view showing the flow passage-defining means of a turbine installation embodying the invention and comprising a turbine installed in a duct;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional ~iew showing a turbine installation comprising a turbine ins-talled in a duct;
~igure 3 is a sectional view taken on line III-III
in Fig1lre 2;
Figure 4 is a side elevation showing a modified -turbine installation embodying the invention, ~ igure 5 is a sectional view taken on line V-V in Figure 4; and Figure 6 is a longi.tudinal sectional view showing another modified turbine installation embodying the invention.
~ s is particularly apparent from Figure 17 the flow passage-defining means l of a turbine installation according to the invention dafine an inlet chamber 2 and comprise two pipelines 4, which eætend from the inlet chamber 2 and are disposed on opposite sides of ~l axial cen-ter plane and define between them a free space 3~ T:he pipelines 4 converge to form a junction at a r~mer feed pipe 5~ which leads to a runner chamber 6. ~he latter is succeeded by a diffuser 7. The runner feed pipa 5 has at its inlet end a circular cross section, which is substan--tially the same as the cross-section of -the inlet chamber 2 at its outlet~ The inlet chamber is defined by a pipe Because each of the pipelines 4 is composed of straight 20 pipe sections which are semicircular in cross-~section and their to-tal cross-section is substantially the same as the cross-section of the inlet chamber 2 a-t its inlet and the ^ross-section of the runner feed pipe 5 at its inlet? the two pipelines 4 can easily be connected to the outlet opening of the inlet chamber 2 and to the inlet opening of the runner feed pipe 5. The pipelines 4 are virtually the result of a bisecting of the inlet chamber.
~he turbine runner 8 is mounted in an upstream carrying tube 9, which extends through and is sealed in j63~
pipelines 4 in end portions thereof which converge to a junction at the runner feed pipe 5. The carr~ying tube protrudes into -the space 3 between the two pipelines 4.
In order to show clearly how -the carrying tube 9 penetrates the confronting pla~ar inner walls 10 of the pipelines 4, a part ~1 of the ou-ter wall of one pipeline 4 and of the runner feed pipe 5 is shown in a detached position in Figure 1.
Owing to this design of the flow passage-defining means 19 the pipelines 4 define between them the space 3, which is freely accessible and in which all parts of the structure which may re~uire to be serviced can be accommo dated. This will hardly restrict the design o~ the mechanism by which the runner 8 is operatively connected to a generator because -the carrying tube 9 and the turbine shaft protrude into that free space 3. Although the output mechanism connected to the turbine and the control mechanisms for controlling the turbine can be accommodated in the free space between the two pipelines 4 so that said mechanisms can easily be serviced, there will be favorable conditions of flow so that such turbine installations can be used also where relatively high inlet velocities and high pressures will be encountered. Because the diversion of flow is small and the cross-sections of flow remain substantially constant as far as to the carrying tube, it may be expected that the conditions will remain sub-stantially constant in a major part of the length of the two pipelines 4. Only adjacent to the junction of the two pipelines 4 before the runner feed pipe 5 is the cross-section of flow decreased by the carrying tube 9; this will result in a desired acceleration of thedriving ~waterbefore it enters the rlmner chamber 6.
It is apparent from Figure 2 that the -turbine shaft 12 carrying the runner 8 is mol~ted in the carrying tube 9 near the r~u~ler in a water lubricated rubber bearing ~3, which is not shown in detail~ The interior o~ the carrying tube is sealed agains-t the driving wa-ter by a stuffing box 149 which constitutes a labyri.nth seal and is disposed at that end of the carrying -tube that is remo-te from the runner 8~ As a result~ the carrying tube 9 is filled wi-th the driving water and the stuffing box 14 is accessible from the space 3 between the two pipelines. ~or this reason the stuf~ing box 14 can be serviced ~ven d~r:Lng operation. ~he mechanism by which the runner 8 is operative-ly connected to an electric generator 15 comprises the turbine shaf`t 12 and a rigid coupling 16 connecting the turbine shaft 12 to a bevel gear -train 17. ~he outpu-t shaft of that bevel gear train is connected b~ a flexible coupling 18 to the shaft l9 of the generator 15. The latter is carried by a bracket 20, which spans the free space 3 between the pipelines 4 and is supported by the pipelines 4.
The bevel gear traîn 17 may be mounted on crossbeams 21 which co~nect the pipelines 4 and hold the pipelines 4 spaced apart~ Control motors for controlling the turbine may be accommodated in the space 3 between the two pipe-lines 40 One of such control mo-tors is indicated at 22.
It is apparent ~rom Figure 2 that the turbine shaft 12 is supported near its one end by the vvater-lubricated rubber bearing 13 and near its other end by the bevel gear train 17~
_ g _ In accordance with Figures 2 ~nd 3 the center plane between the two pipelines 4 is verbically oriented so that the generator sha-ft 19 is vertical too. ~he invention is not restricted to flow passage-de~ining means having that orientation, as is apparent from Figures 4 ~d 5, which illustrate an embodiment in ~hich -the center plane disposed between the two pip ~ines 4 and containing the axis of the generator shaf-t 1g is horizontal. ~he electric generator 15 can be additionally supported by a foundation 23. Lf the foundation 23 is provided, the bracket 20 may be omitted~
From Figure 6 it is apparent that the turbine shaf-t 12 need no-t be connected to a bevel gear train~ ~he shaft 19 of the generator is parallel to the turbine shaft 12 and is connected to the latter by a belt drive 24.
~`igure 6 shows also that -the flow passage-defining means l may be inclined. In other respects the -turbine installation shown in Figure 6 also embodies the concept that -the flow passage-defining means 1 comprise two separate pipelines, each of which consists of a plurality of straight pipe sections for easy manufacture. As a result, there is a freely accessible space between the two pipelines so that all parts of the structure which may require to be serviced will be freely accessible, substantially irrespective of the size of the turbine installation.
For this reason the design which has been described is particularly suitable for turbine installations of small and medium size.
~ he desig~ proposed by the invention for the means defining a flow passage for the driving water will not impose restrictions as regards the design of -the -- 10 _ a~s turbine so tha-t turbines having adjustable ru~ner blades, adjustable guide vanes or adjustable runner blades and guide vanes may be used.
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a turbine installation comprising flow passage-defining means which comprise two juxtaposed interconnecting passages, which are spaced apart in an intermediate part of their lengths to define a space between them, an inlet chamber having an outlet communicating with each of said interconnecting passages and a runner chamber having an inlet communicating with each of said interconnecting passages, a turbine runner mounted in said runner chamber for rotation about a fixed axis, an electric generator disposed outside said flow passage-defining means, and an output mechanism which extends through said space and operatively connects said runner to said gene-rator, said two passages being disposed on opposite sides of an imaginary plane which contains said axis, the improvement residing in that said inter-connecting passages are defined by two pipelines, each of which is composed of a plurality of straight pipe sections and has a cross-section that is substantially the same as that part of the cross-section of said inlet chamber at said outlet which is disposed on the same side of said plane as the respective pipeline, said pipelines converge to form a junction near said inlet of said runner chamber, a carrying tube is provided, which is centered on said axis and extends through and is sealed in both said pipelines adjacent to said junction and protrudes into said space, and said output mechanism comprises a turbine shaft which is mounted in said carrying tube for rotation on said axis and non-rotatably connected to said runner for rotation therewith.
2. The improvement set forth in claim 1, wherein the diameter of said carrying tube equals the largest distance between said pipelines.
3. The improvement set forth in claim 1, wherein the interior of said carrying tube communicates with the interior of said flow passage-defining means.
4. The improvement set forth in claim 3, wherein said carrying tube contains a water-lubricated rubber bearing, in which said turbine shaft is rotatably mounted.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0204380A AT364967B (en) | 1980-04-16 | 1980-04-16 | TUBE TURBINE |
| ATA2043/80 | 1980-04-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1139185A true CA1139185A (en) | 1983-01-11 |
Family
ID=3526543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000372900A Expired CA1139185A (en) | 1980-04-16 | 1981-03-12 | Turbine installation comprising a turbine installed in a duct |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0038321B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS56162271A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR225952A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT364967B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8102280A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1139185A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3160807D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES501205A0 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2073825B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN155635B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX152685A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY8500632A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL230671A1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR20682A (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT102088B (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 2004-06-30 | Dos Santos Costa Antonio Jose | HIDROREACTOR FOR THE USE OF KINETIC WATER ENERGY IN PLACES WHERE THE CURRENTS ARE SIGNIFICANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY |
| JP4806493B2 (en) * | 2001-04-04 | 2011-11-02 | 東芝プラントシステム株式会社 | Water wheel and power generator |
| FR2854666B1 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2008-02-22 | Cismac Electronique | TURBINES HAVING TWO COMPLEMENTARY PROPELLERS MAY BE INSERTED ON A PRESSURIZED CANALIZATION TRANSPORTING A NON-HOMOGENEOUS FLUID OR A VERY VARIABLE FLOW |
| WO2006016012A1 (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2006-02-16 | Cismac Electronique | Two-blade turbine insertable into a pressure fluid transporting pipeline |
| RS20060186A (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2006-12-15 | Stojanović, Miljan | Pipe for tranforming energy of fluid flows into electric energy |
| ES2344599T3 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2010-09-01 | Proclino Ab | SWITCHING DEVICE FOR SUBMERGED TURBINE. |
| DE102008058986A1 (en) | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-02 | Karl-Heinz Probst | Tube turbine for power generation system for electricity generation from different medium flowing through pipe systems or from open watercourses such as rivers, has tube and turbine, which is arranged in tube |
| US20160169028A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-16 | Makis A. Havadijias | Low flow power generation |
| WO2018067076A1 (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2018-04-12 | Hakan Erten | Water diversion with multiple pipes and rotationally symmetric hydro turbine with multiple inlets |
| CN107420248A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-12-01 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of Bulb Turbine Units turbine chamber |
| CN111828664B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-17 | 浙江富春江水电设备有限公司 | Cutoff valve convenient for hydraulic transition and control for tubular turbine |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE912320C (en) * | 1943-04-06 | 1954-05-28 | Voith Gmbh J M | Water turbine system with an axial flow turbine and a horizontal or approximately horizontal shaft |
| FR1050248A (en) * | 1952-02-06 | 1954-01-06 | Neyrpic Ets | Arrangement of low-head hydro-electric unit with horizontal axis |
| FR1192808A (en) * | 1958-03-10 | 1959-10-28 | Charmilles Sa Ateliers | Horizontal turbine shaft hydro-electric unit |
-
1980
- 1980-04-16 AT AT0204380A patent/AT364967B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-03-12 CA CA000372900A patent/CA1139185A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-18 AR AR284662A patent/AR225952A1/en active
- 1981-03-19 IN IN155/DEL/81A patent/IN155635B/en unknown
- 1981-04-03 MX MX186698A patent/MX152685A/en unknown
- 1981-04-07 GB GB8110841A patent/GB2073825B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-09 ES ES501205A patent/ES501205A0/en active Granted
- 1981-04-14 TR TR20682A patent/TR20682A/en unknown
- 1981-04-14 PL PL23067181A patent/PL230671A1/xx unknown
- 1981-04-14 EP EP81890064A patent/EP0038321B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-14 BR BR8102280A patent/BR8102280A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-14 DE DE8181890064T patent/DE3160807D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-15 JP JP5574081A patent/JPS56162271A/en active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-12-30 MY MY632/85A patent/MY8500632A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES8204071A1 (en) | 1982-04-01 |
| IN155635B (en) | 1985-02-16 |
| ATA204380A (en) | 1981-04-15 |
| BR8102280A (en) | 1981-12-01 |
| PL230671A1 (en) | 1982-01-04 |
| AT364967B (en) | 1981-11-25 |
| MY8500632A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
| TR20682A (en) | 1982-04-30 |
| JPS6349074B2 (en) | 1988-10-03 |
| ES501205A0 (en) | 1982-04-01 |
| GB2073825B (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| EP0038321A1 (en) | 1981-10-21 |
| DE3160807D1 (en) | 1983-10-06 |
| AR225952A1 (en) | 1982-05-14 |
| MX152685A (en) | 1985-10-08 |
| GB2073825A (en) | 1981-10-21 |
| EP0038321B1 (en) | 1983-08-31 |
| JPS56162271A (en) | 1981-12-14 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |